Module5 Reading Grammar- Subjunctive Mood課件-高中英語(yǔ)外研版選修六

CloningModule5SubjunctiveMood虛擬語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)氣概念：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用不同的形式表示說(shuō)話人的不同意圖，這種形式稱為語(yǔ)氣。1.陳述語(yǔ)氣：用來(lái)陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，或提出一種看法，有肯定、否定、疑問(wèn)、感嘆等形式。Heisnotinterestedinclassicalmusic.2.祈使語(yǔ)氣：用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、命令、警告或勸告等（動(dòng)詞常用原形）Don’tbelate！3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣：表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的不是事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測(cè)。

IfIhad

onemorechance,Iwouldsay

tothegirl“Iloveyou”.

1.Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Iwouldhavetoldhimaboutit.

Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit.2.IfIhadtimeatpresent,Icouldgowithyou.Idon’thavetime,soIcouldn’tgowithyou.

3.IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoEngland.Iwon’tgoabroad,soIwon’tgotoEngland.

注意：虛擬語(yǔ)氣是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或推測(cè)等。表達(dá)虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，需要對(duì)主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行變化Ifshehadn’tcalledme,Iwouldhaveoversleptthismorning.與事實(shí)相反IfIhadn’twontheticket,Iwouldn’thavebeenonboard.IfIhadn’tbeenonboard,Iwouldn’thavemetyou.過(guò)去表示過(guò)去并不存在的情況虛擬所指時(shí)間if從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式過(guò)去haddonewould/could/should/might+havedone從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式haddonecould/would/might/should+havedone表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的情況

1.Ifyou_____________(take)myadvice,you__________________(notfail)intheexam.2.Ifyou____________(come)alittleearlier,you_________________(notmiss)thefamousprofessor.hadtakenwouldnothavefailedhadcomewouldn’thavemissedIfFrankenstein________(make)friendswithit,thecreature_________________(nothave)thedesireforawife.hadmadewouldn’thavehadIfFrankenstein____________(create)awifeforthecreature,it______________________(notmurder)people.wouldn’thavemurderedhadcreatedIfIwereabird,Icouldflyinthesky.IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.Ifwehadtimenow,weshouldreaditoncemore.Ifheknewthesecret,hemighttellyou.與事實(shí)相反現(xiàn)在虛擬所指時(shí)間if從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在表達(dá)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況did(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)werewould/could/should/might+

do表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況

If從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式一般過(guò)去式（be用were）could/would/might/should+動(dòng)原1)Ifgovernments_____________(notallow)cloning,manyscientists_____________(lose)theirjob.2)IfI______(be)theheadteacher,I____________(allow)theuseofcellphones.didn’tallowwouldlosewerewouldallowIfI_________(be)ontheothersideoftheworldnow,I_______________(face)theuglymonster.我現(xiàn)在要是在世界另一頭，就不會(huì)面對(duì)這個(gè)怪物了！werewouldn’tface其實(shí)要是這家伙沒(méi)這么丑的話，在它懷里還不錯(cuò)！Ifthemonster___________(notlook)sougly,it__________(feel)goodinhisarm.

didn’tlookwouldfeelIfitweretoraintomorrow,thefootballmatchmightbeputoff.IfPresentHucametoourschoolthisweekend,wewouldbeveryhappy.

IfIshouldgotothemoononeday,Icouldtakealotofpicturesofit.與事實(shí)相反將來(lái)表示將來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性非常小的情況虛擬所指時(shí)間if從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式將來(lái)weretodoshoulddodidwould/could/should/might+動(dòng)詞原形表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的情況

If從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式could/would/might/should+動(dòng)原shouldwereto+動(dòng)原過(guò)去式Ifyou_____________________________(buy)ahelicopternextweek,I_____________________________(buy)atank.weretobuy/shouldbuy/boughtcould/would/might/shouldbuyHi!Howareyou?Frankenstein:Ifthemonster_____(say)‘”Hi”tome,I_____________(close)myeyes.saidwouldcloseFrankenstein:Ifthemonster

________

askmetomakefriendswithit,I_________(call)forthevillagerstochasehimoutofthevillage.shouldwouldcall虛擬條件從句(If)主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)主語(yǔ)+did/were主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+do主語(yǔ)+haddone主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+havedonedid/were

主語(yǔ)+shoulddoweretodo主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+do帶虛擬條件句的復(fù)合句時(shí)間if從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反haddonewould/should/could/mighthavedone與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反did/werewould/should/could/mightdo將來(lái)不可能/可能性很小did/werewould/should/could/mightdoweretodoshoulddoIfyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.1.如果我是你，我會(huì)接受他的建議。2.如果明天下雨，我會(huì)待在家里。3.如果你以前好好學(xué)習(xí)，你會(huì)通過(guò)考試的。IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.2.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬語(yǔ)氣當(dāng)從句主句所表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。Ifyou____________(follow)myadvicejustnow,you_________(be)betternow.Ifyou___________(study)hardbefore,you_________(be)acollegestudentnow.hadfollowedwouldbehadstudiedwouldbeIfyou______withGeorgeearlier,you_____soangrynow.talked;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnotbewouldtalk;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnothavebeenIfwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_____soseriouslynow.isnotpollutedwouldnotbepollutedhadnotbeenpollutedwouldnothavebeenpolluted3.if從句倒裝從句中，有should，助動(dòng)詞had，were時(shí)，可省略if，并將should，had，were提至句首，用于倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，否定詞not不能提前。HadInotseenhimthen(Hadn’tIseenhimthen),Iwouldn'thavebeenveryhappy.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.2.Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,I…….3.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.Hadyoustudiedhardbefore,……WereIyou,……Shoulditraintomorrow/Wereittoraintomorrow,…….______itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangPuBridge.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而通過(guò)其它手段來(lái)代替條件句。常用的有without，butfor，or，otherwise等。WithouttheInternet,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavefinishedtheworkontime.=IfIhadn’tacceptedyouradvice,…=IftherewerenoInternet,…=IfIhadn’tgotyourhelp,…4.含蓄條件句Withoutelectricity,humanbeinglife______quitedifferenttoday.iswillbewouldhavebeenwouldbeButforhishelp,I______.shouldnothavesucceededhavenotsucceededdidnotsucceedhadnotsucceededHehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_____agoal.hadscoredscoredwouldscorewouldhavescored5.Wemayalsousetheword“wish”

tohelpusexpressourregrets.IwishIhadn’teatensomuch.Shereallywishedshehadstayedonatcollege.IwishIwastaller.‘Whereishenow?’‘IonlywishIknew!’Iwishyouwouldn’tleaveyourclothesalloverthefloor.2、與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，表示目前不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望:賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用did。1、與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，表示不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的過(guò)去的愿望:賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用haddone。3、與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，表示將來(lái)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望:賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would/could/mightdo。wish+賓語(yǔ)從句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反haddone

與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反did/were與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反could/would/might+do

Iwish(that)he_________________________(visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he________(visit)ustoday.I

wishhe_________________(visit)usyesterday.hadvisitedwould/could/mightvisitvisited1.-----Heisabraveman.-----Yes,IwishI_________hiscourage.A.HaveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave2.Tomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach1.Iwishit________raintomorrow.Ifso,Icanstayathometohaveagoodsleep.would2.Hewisheshe___________________(become)ascientistsomeday.could/wouldbecome3.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?--No,butIwishI___.A.haveB.willC.doD.had

Ifonly…要是就好了=IwishIfonlywehadfollowedyouradvicelasttime!IfonlyIknewhisnamenow!IfonlyIcouldseehimagainnextyear!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車就好了.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反did/were與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反haddone與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反could/would/might+do

(1)Iwakeup_________thealarmcloc