必修2unit3語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)講解與應(yīng)用

仿寫(xiě):(1)Ittookalongtime______thebigfirediedout.(2)____________________(要經(jīng)過(guò)幾年)beforeamagazinestartstomakemoney.beforeIttakesseveralyears(3)Theearliesttelephoneswerenotpopularand____________________(過(guò)了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間)peoplebegantohireorbuythem.ittookalongtimebefore2.Astimewentby,Iwasmadesmaller.隨著時(shí)間的流逝,我被做得更小。(B2P18)句型:Astimewentby隨著時(shí)間的流逝仿句:(1)Wearesurethateverythingwillbebetter_______________________(隨著時(shí)間的推移).astimepasses/goesby(2)春去秋來(lái),當(dāng)年的小屁孩已經(jīng)出落成儀表堂堂的大小伙子了。_________________________________,thelittle-notedkidhadgrownuptoadistinguishedlookingyoungman.Astimewentby/Withtimegoingby強(qiáng)化習(xí)題：1.Itwastwoyears________herealizedthetruth.2.Itwillbetwoyears________theeconomicsituationimproves.3.Itis/hasbeentwoyears________helivedhere.4.Itwasmidnight________hearrivedhome.5.Itwasatmidnight________hearrivedhome.6.Itwasnotuntilmidnight_______hearrivedhome.

beforebeforesincewhenthatthat(1)Itwasthepark________hefirstmethiswife.(2)Itwasinthispark________hefirstmethiswife.wherethatItbe+時(shí)間+when/that/since/before辨析1.whenitwas+

(時(shí)刻，或時(shí)間點(diǎn)）+whensth...當(dāng)某事發(fā)生時(shí)，是幾點(diǎn)鐘或哪一年如：Itwas1997whenHongkongreturnedtoChina.

Itwas

fiveo'clock______wearrivedatthesmallmountainvillage.Itwasatfiveo'clock_____wearrivedatthesmallmountainvillage.判斷方法如下：去掉it、be和that，余下的部分仍是一個(gè)完整的句子，這樣的句子一定是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。Wearrivedatthesmallmountainvillage.whenthat2.since1)若表示“自從”，從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，而主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。e.g.自從大學(xué)畢業(yè)后我們就未再見(jiàn)了。

2)若表示某某事發(fā)生多久了則用：Itis/hasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since+從句。如：香港回歸已經(jīng)有17年了。It

is/hasbeen

twodayssinceshefellill.Itistwodayssinceshewasill.Itbe+時(shí)間+when/that/since/before用法辨析

Wehaven'tseeneachothersincewegraduatedfromcollege.Itis/hasbeen17yearssinceHongkongreturnedtoChina.***在本結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(她生病兩天了）（她病好了兩天）asaresult結(jié)果(短語(yǔ)副詞,不接任何詞,前后常有標(biāo)點(diǎn))asaresultof由于……的結(jié)果(短語(yǔ)介詞,接名詞或代詞)resultfrom(接原因)因……而resultin(接結(jié)果)導(dǎo)致Practice：由于大雨的原因，他們到晚了.___________theheavyrain,theyarrivedlate.Itwasraining,_________,theyarrivedlate.Theheavyrain_________theirlatearrival.Theirlatearrival___________theheavyrain.Asaresultofasaresultresultedinresultedfrom1）Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands＿＿＿behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied2）07安徽J(rèn)ohnreceivedaninvitationtodinnerandwithhiswork_____,hegladlyacceptedit.AfinishedBfinishingChavingfinishingDwasfinished3)_______twoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.A.WithB.BesidesC.AsD.Becauseof4)Theygottherewithoutanydifficultywiththeboy_______theway.AleadingBledCtobeledDlead隨著歲月的流逝，我被做得越來(lái)越小了。with和as表示“伴隨”

as+clause(句子)；With的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；表伴隨條件原因方式doing主動(dòng)進(jìn)行done被動(dòng)完成todo未做adj/adv/介詞短語(yǔ)

2;

As

time

wentby,Iwasmadesmaller.with+n./pron.----Hecamein,withabook__________.----Heslept,withthelight_____.----Hewaslyingthere,withhiseyes____.在他手里開(kāi)著睜著on

open

with+n./pron.+adj/adv/介詞短語(yǔ)inhishand4.Overtimemymemoryhasdevelopedsomuchthat,likeanelephant,IneverforgetanythingIhavebeentold!隨著時(shí)間的推移,我的記憶能力發(fā)展得如此之快,就像一頭大象一樣,從來(lái)不會(huì)忘記告訴我的任何事情。(B2P18)so....that....如此....以致于....例句：老師說(shuō)的太快了，以至于我聽(tīng)不清楚他的話(huà)。TheteacherspeakssofastthatIcan'tcatchthewords.

［比較］so…that…與sothatSothat:（1）引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“因此，所以”，主句和從句間常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，一般不與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。Nothingmorewasheardofhim，sothatpeoplethoughtthathewasdead.未再聽(tīng)到他的消息，以致人們認(rèn)為他已死去了。（2）引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“為了，以便”，通常從句中用may，might，can，could等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Weleftearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirstbus.我們很早出發(fā)，以便能趕上第一班汽車(chē)。注意：sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可用inorderthat(以便，為了）替換，以上兩句中的sothat均可換成inorderthat。(1)so…that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：so+adj.／adv.+that-clauseHewasso

angry

thathelefttheroomwithoutaword.so+adj.+a(n)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that-clauseSheisso

kindagirl

thatsheispopular.so+many／few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that-clauseThereweresomanyfamousstars

thatIcouldn’tbelievemyeyes.so+much／little+不可數(shù)名詞+that-clauseHewastedso

muchtime

thathelostthebestchance(2)such…that也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：such-+a(n)+adj.+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that-clausesuch+(adj.)+不可數(shù)名詞+that-clausesuch+(adj.)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that-clauseSheissuchakindgirl

thatsheispopular.Itissuch

fineweather

thatweallcangoforapicnic.TherearesuchbeautifuldiamondsthatIdon’tknowwhichonetochoose.

(1)so…that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：so+adj.／adv.+that-clauseso+adj.+a(n)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that-clauseso+many／few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that-clauseso+much／little+不可數(shù)名詞+that-clause

(2)such…that也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,其結(jié)構(gòu)是such-+a(n)+adj．+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that-clausesuch+(adj.)+不可數(shù)名詞+that-clausesuch+(adj.)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that-clauseso…that…“如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；so…部分放在句首時(shí)，句子要倒裝。Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotspeak.Soexcitedwashethathecouldnotspeak.1)Shetoldus_______storythatweallforgetthetime.SuchaninterestingB.suchinterestingaC.SoaninterestingD.asointeresting2)Hehas___fewfriendsthatheoftenfeels_____.such;lonelyB.sucha;aloneC.so;lonelyD.so;alone3)Soloudly_____thateveryoneoftheclasscouldhearhim.hespokeB.didhespokeC.SpokeheD.didhespeakACDso+形容詞(副詞)在句首時(shí),句子用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)1，Itis_______fineweatherthatweallwanttogoout.2，______greatprogressdidhemakethattheteacherpraisedhim.3,_________difficultdidIfeelittoliveinanEnglishspeakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.

suchsuchSo二、部分倒裝

部分倒裝是把be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞放到主語(yǔ)之前。如果句子中沒(méi)有這些詞,要在主語(yǔ)之前加助動(dòng)詞do/does/did等,而把原來(lái)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成原形放在主語(yǔ)之后。1.句首狀語(yǔ)為否定詞或半否定詞的句子。這類(lèi)詞或短語(yǔ)主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（幾乎不，簡(jiǎn)直沒(méi)有）,nosooner（立即）,notonly,innoway（決不）,atnotime,few,not,no等,如:NotaworddidIsaytohim.

NeverhaveIfoundhimsohappy.

LittledoeshecareaboutwhatIsaid.

Ican'tswim.Neithercanhe.

Nosoonerhadhegonetobedthanhefellasleep.鞏固練習(xí):

1)Hardly____theairportwhentheplanetookoff.

A.Ihadarrivedat B.hadIarrivedC.hadIreached D.Ihadgotto

2)—Haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore?

—No,_____anythinglikethatbefore.

A.IneverhaveseenB.neverIhaveseenC.neverhaveIseenD.Ihaveseen

3)Sheisnotfondofcooking,____I.

A.soamB.noramC.neitherD.nordo2.only+狀語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首,要部分倒裝。如:

Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.(介詞短語(yǔ))

OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofmath.(副詞)

Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.(從句)4)Onlyinthisway____makeprogressinyourEnglish.A.you B.canyouC.youbeabletoD.willyouableto

5)Onlywhenthemeetingwasover___gobacktomeethisfriend.

A.hecouldB.hewasabletoC.washeabletoD.wasabletohe3.so或so引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)放在句首,要部分倒裝。如:

Isawthefilm,sodidshe.

Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.6)ThedoctortoldCharlietobreathedeeplyand____.

A.sodidCharlie B.CharliedidsoC.Charliedoesso D.didCharlieso

7)Soloudly_____that____hearherclearly.

A.didshespeak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonecould

C.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;everyonecould4."Notonly+分句,butalso+分句"句型中的前一分句要部分倒裝。如:NotonlydoesJohnloveChinese,heisalsogoodatspeakingit.但notonly...butalso...連接主語(yǔ)時(shí),不倒裝。如:

Notonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick.8)___himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.

A.NotwasonlyheB.Notonlyhe

C.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas5.Notuntil放在句首,從句不倒裝,主句倒裝。如:

Notuntillastweekdidtheyfindthelostbike.(簡(jiǎn)單句)

Notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime.(復(fù)合句)9)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___knowwhatheatis.

A.mandidB.manC.didn'tmanD.didman

10)NotuntilIbegantowork____realizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.

A.didn'tIB.didIC.Ididn'tD.I5.IwasabletosharemyknowledgewithothersthroughtheWorldWideWeb.我能通過(guò)萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)和其他人分享我的知識(shí)。(B2P18)sharevt.分享,分擔(dān);分配vi.分擔(dān);共享n.股份;份額運(yùn)用:(1)Mary_____________________(共用一臺(tái)電腦)hersister.sharesacomputerwith(2)Truefriendsoughtto_____________________________________(同甘共苦).(3)Everyonewhohadhelpedgot_____________________(一份利潤(rùn)).ashareintheprofits

sharejoysandtears/happinessandsorrow6.Inawayourprogrammerislikeourcoach.從某種程度上看，我們的程序員就像是我們的教練。(B2P23)inaway在某鐘程度上例:Thechangesareanimprovementinaway.這些變化某種程度上是一種進(jìn)步。Youarerightinaway.在某種程度上你是正確的。聯(lián)想:(1)_____theway障礙(2)_____theway在途中(3)_____theway順便說(shuō)（問(wèn)）in

onby

(4)______thisway通過(guò)這種辦法(5)______noway決不(6)______wayof經(jīng)由ininby7.Afterall,withthehelpofmyelectronicbrainwhichneverforgetsanything,usingmyintelligenceiswhatI’mallabout.不管怎樣,在我過(guò)目不忘的電子腦的幫助下,運(yùn)用:智能就是我的一切。(B2P23)運(yùn)用:(1)__________(歸根結(jié)底),acomputerhastoworkwiththehelpofahuman.(2)Thetestisratherdifficult,___________________(我畢竟還是及格了).IpasseditafterallAfterall(3)Ifoundhishouse___________________________(在一位警察的幫助下).(4)___________________________(在朋友們的幫助下),hefinallysolvedtheproblem.Withthehelpofhisfriendswiththehelpofapoliceman8.Thismeansthatitshouldcleanthehouse,mopthefloors,cookthedinneranddealwithtelephonecalls.這就意味著它要掃地,拖地,做飯以及處理電話(huà)事宜。(B2P24)dealwith處理;涉及;做生意;打交道Dealwith表示如何“處置”,常與what連用,what是do的賓語(yǔ)Dowith表示如何應(yīng)付或安排什么,常用how,how是狀語(yǔ)。運(yùn)用:(1)______doyouproposetodowiththeletter?(2)Haveyouanysuggestionson____todealwiththesedifficulties?Whathow指出dealwith在下列各句中的意思。Hehastodealwiththeproblemcarefully.(_______)(2)Youshould

dealwith

yourworkmorecarefully.(_______)處理對(duì)待(3)ThisreportdealswiththepresentsituationintheMiddleEast.(________)涉及句型積累我花了三年才學(xué)會(huì)滑冰,隨著時(shí)間的推移,我的年紀(jì)也大了。經(jīng)過(guò)曾和我一起滑冰的李興勸說(shuō)之后,我決定不再去從事這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)了。

Ittookmethreeyearsbefore

Ilearnedhowtoskate.Astimegoeson,Iamgettingolder.After

IwaspersuadedbyLiXing,whooncewentskatingwithme,Idecidednottogoinforthesportanymore.課文回顧一、課文填空按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求,在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。

MyfirstfootballcompetitionwasinNagoya,Japanseveralyearsago.LastyearourteamwenttoSeattle,WashingtonintheUSA.Wewonthesecondplace.Personally,Ithinktheteamthatwonthefirstplace_______(cheat).賓語(yǔ)從句缺謂語(yǔ),而且是過(guò)去時(shí),故填cheated。cheatedTheyhaddevelopedanewtypeofprogramjustbeforethe__________(compete).Soweneedtoencourageourprogrammertoimproveourintelligencetoo.2.填名詞,與before構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。competitionSoweneedtoencourageourprogrammertoimproveourintelligencetoo.Wearedeterminedtocreateanevenbettersystem.In___wayourprogrammerislikeourcoach.構(gòu)成習(xí)語(yǔ)inaway“在某種程度上”。aSheprogramsus_______allthepossiblemovesshehasseenwhilewatchinghumangames.Then_____preparesreliablemovestouseifanewsituationarises.4.由前面的動(dòng)詞可知填with(用)。5.指代前面的ourprogrammer。with

she

InthiswayIcanmakeupnewmoves_______(use)my“artificialintelligence”.Iwouldreallyliketoplay_________ahumanteam,for___havebeenprogrammedtoactjustlikethem.6.分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。7.這里是“與……比賽”的意思。8.指本文的主人翁—電腦。usingagainstIAfterall,withthehelpofmyelectronicbrain9______neverforgetsanything,usingmyintelligenceis10________I’mallabout!9.關(guān)系代詞指代前面的myelectronicbrain。10.引導(dǎo)后面的表語(yǔ)從句,指代從句的內(nèi)容。whichwhat二、課文概括以約30個(gè)左右的詞概括課文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。Thecomputerintroducedthedevelopingprocessofitself.FirstacalculatingmachinewasinventedinFrancein1642,thenitkeptchanginguntilitnowdevelopsintoalaptopusedinallfields.語(yǔ)法活用形容詞和副詞熟讀深思1.朗讀下列句子,看看形容詞可作哪些成分。⑴Thisisaninterestingbook.這是一本有趣書(shū)。(定語(yǔ))⑵Thisbookisinteresting.這本書(shū)很有趣。()表語(yǔ)⑶Ifindthebookinteresting.我覺(jué)得這本書(shū)有趣。()⑷Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.我有重要的事情要告訴你。()賓補(bǔ)后置定語(yǔ)2.副詞在句中作狀語(yǔ),看看可修飾哪些詞。⑴It’srainingheavily.雨下得很大。(修飾動(dòng)詞)⑵You’requiteright.你非常正確。()修飾形容詞⑶Don’tspeaktoofast.不要說(shuō)得太快。()⑷Yourcoatisjustbehindthedoor.你的上衣正好在門(mén)后面。()⑸Luckily,hewassaved.幸運(yùn)的是，他得救了。()修飾另一副詞修飾介詞短語(yǔ)修飾句子歸納總結(jié)1.形容詞是作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的典型詞類(lèi)。因此，在做語(yǔ)法填空時(shí),若句子缺定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ),要首先想到用形容詞。2.副詞在句中作狀語(yǔ),修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子。3.形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)的常用句型：(1)表示相等：as+原級(jí)+as(2)表示不如：notas/so+原級(jí)+as(3)表示超過(guò)：比較級(jí)+than(4)表示“最”：the+最高級(jí)+of/in短語(yǔ)(表示范圍)⑸表示“越……越……”:the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)⑹表示“越來(lái)越”:比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)⑺表示“與其……不如……”:more...than...特別提醒:在語(yǔ)法填空中,主要考查形容詞與副詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換、比較級(jí)等,以及-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞的用法區(qū)別等。靈活運(yùn)用1.Histeachertookadeepdrink，smiled_______(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.1.修飾動(dòng)詞smiled，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。warmly2.Theteacherreplied,“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe________(sweet).”2.意思是“沒(méi)有什么比這更甜”即“這是世界上最甜的東西”。sweeter3.Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,buthefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”______(high).3.指比他pluckupafewinches之前“長(zhǎng)”得“更高”了,是省略了thanbefore的隱性比較級(jí)。4.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir_______(nature)course.4.在名詞course前作定語(yǔ),用形容詞。naturalhigher5....wedranktogetherandtalked_____(merry)tillfarintothenight.5.修飾動(dòng)詞talked作狀語(yǔ),用副詞形式。6....oneofthe______(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher,MsChen.(廣州市水平測(cè)試)6.由Ievermade可知,用bad的最高級(jí)。merrilyworst7.Gamesareoften________(excite)anddramatic,buttheygenerallyaren’tveryintellectual.(佛山二模)7.指事物(比賽)“令人興奮的”。8.Seatedinacomfortablechair，listeningtothepeacefulmusic,you’llbebroughtintoa_______(relax)stateofmind.8.作定語(yǔ)要用形容詞,表示人感到輕松的,用-ed形式的形容詞,意為“放松的心情”。relaxedexciting9.Howmuchisadishofplainicecream?”heasked.Somepeoplewerenowwaitingforherserviceandthewaitressgrewabit_________(patience).“Thirtyfivecents”shesaid______(rude).9.前空是在系動(dòng)詞grew后作表語(yǔ),用形容詞;后空修飾動(dòng)詞said,用副詞。impatientrudely10.Thiswas_______(large)becausepetownerstendedtobethemiddleage,whohavelesseducationandmorehealth-riskfactors.10.修飾because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句,用副詞。largely11.Someoftheseuniversitieshavefortythousandor______(many)students.11.指比四萬(wàn)“更多”的學(xué)生。12.Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas_____smallerthanexpected.12.修飾形容詞比較級(jí),表示少“得多”。moremuch語(yǔ)法填空[2011梅州三校聯(lián)考]

Nowadays,itiscommonthatparentsbuy16___educationalpresentfortheirchildren.AlotofpersonalcomputersareplacedundertheChristmastreethisyear.

16.educational以元音開(kāi)頭。aneducationalpresentan17________(believe)thatcomputersarethekeytosuccess,parentsarealsoinsistingthatchildren18________(teach)tousetheminschoolasearlyaspossible.17.parents與believe是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。父母相信電腦是成功的關(guān)所以堅(jiān)持……。18.insist表堅(jiān)持主張時(shí),賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。insistthatsb.(should)do。Believing

betaughtTheproblemforschoolis19_____whenitcomestocomputers,parentsdon‘talwaysknowbest.Teachersfoundthemselvescaughtinthemiddleoftheproblembetweenparent20_______(press)andwiseeducationaldecisions.19.that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句。20.根據(jù)下文andwiseeducationaldecisions,可知and連接的兩個(gè)都是名詞。thatpressureManyschoolsaregivingintoparentalimpatienceandarepurchasinghardware21______goodeducationalplanning.Educatorsdonotevenagreeonhowcomputersshouldbeused.Eventhose22____believethatallchildrenshouldhaveaccesstocomputerswarnofpotentialdangerstotheveryyoung.21.根據(jù)前文Manyschoolsaregivingin....可知是沒(méi)有好的教育計(jì)劃就購(gòu)買(mǎi)了電腦硬件。22.先行詞是those。withoutwhoThetemptationremainsstronglargely23_______youngchildrenadaptsowelltocomputers.However,noteveryschoolcanaffordtogointocomputing,andthatcreates24________problem:adivisionbetweenthehavesandthehave-nots.23.前后兩句為因果關(guān)系。24.前文已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過(guò)problem,在此,表示出現(xiàn)另外的問(wèn)題。becauseanotherVeryfewparentsareagitatingfor(倡導(dǎo))computerinstructioninpoorschooldistricts,25______theremaybebarelyenoughmoneytopaytheteacher.25.where在此引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是前文的poorschooldistricts。那些貧窮的地方?jīng)]有足夠的錢(qián)付給老師做報(bào)酬。where

三、語(yǔ)篇運(yùn)用在班會(huì)課上,班主任讓我們介紹一位在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)和生活中能夠成為你學(xué)習(xí)榜樣的人物。假如李明是你從小到大的朋友，而你對(duì)他刻苦、勤奮和懂事很欽佩,因此,決定向全班同學(xué)介紹李明的情況。內(nèi)容包含以下要點(diǎn)：姓名李明年齡15歲基本情況1.在他5歲時(shí)，他的父母親在一次車(chē)禍中去世,除了一個(gè)姐姐外,沒(méi)有其他的親人了,因此他從小就比其他小孩更懂事；2.在班上,沒(méi)人比他更勤奮,成績(jī)也是班上最好的；3.每天他都是最早到學(xué)校、最晚一個(gè)離開(kāi)的；4.他總是認(rèn)為“不會(huì)讀書(shū)寫(xiě)字的人和瞎子沒(méi)什么兩樣”。[寫(xiě)作要求]1.只能用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部?jī)?nèi)容；2.盡可能多使用形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)。LiMing,aboyof15,ismygoodfriend.Attheageof5,hisparentsdiedinatrafficaccident,andhehasnorelativesotherthanhiseldersister,whichmakeshimmoresensiblethanotherchildren.Onstudy,nobodycanbemorediligentthanhiminhisclassandheisalwaysthebeststudentintheeyesofhisteachers.Everydayheisthefirsttogettotheschoolandthelasttoleave.Healwaysbelievesthatonewhocannotreadandwriteisnobetterthanablindman.走近高考

[2010江蘇]Anotherperson’senthusiasmwaswhatsetmemovingtowardsthesuccessIhaveachieved.Thatpersonwasmystepmother.IwasninewhensheenteredourhomeinruralVirginia.Myfather1metoherwiththesewords:1.A.rushedB.sentC.explainedD.introduced1.D爸爸把我介紹給了她。一、完形填空“Iwouldlikeyoutomeetthefellowwhois2forbeingtheworstboyinthiscountyandwillprobablystartthrowingrocksatyounolaterthantomorrowmorning.”Mystepmotherwalkedovertome,3myheadslightlyupward,andlookedmerightintheeyes.2.A.distinguished B.favoredC.mistaken D.rewarded2.A因?yàn)槭亲顗牡暮⒆佣?.A.draggedB.shookC.raisedD.bent3.C表示微微地抬了一下我的頭。Thenshelookedatmyfatherandreplied,“Youare4.Thisisnottheworstboyatall,butthesmartestonewhohasn’tyetfoundanoutletforhisenthusiasm.”Thatstatementbegana(n)5betweenus.Noonehadevercalledmesmartandmystepmotherchangedallthat.Shechangedmanythings.4.A.perfectB.rightC.wrongD.impolite4.C你錯(cuò)了。5.A.agreement B.friendshipC.gap D.relationship5.B這句話(huà)開(kāi)始了我們之間的友誼,用友誼說(shuō)明關(guān)系的親密。She6myfathertogotoadentalschool,fromwhichhegraduatedwithhonors.Shemovedourfamilyintothecountyseat,wheremyfather’scareercouldbemore7andmybrotherandIcouldbebetter8.6.A.beggedB.persuadedC.orderedD.invited6.B繼母把我父親說(shuō)服了去上一個(gè)牙科學(xué)校。7.A.successfulB.meaningfulC.helpfulD.useful7.A在那兒我父親的事業(yè)將更加成功。8.A.treated B.entertainedC.educated D.respected8.C而在那，我們弟兄們可以得到更好的教育。WhenIturnedfourteen,sheboughtmeasecondhand9andtoldmethatshebelievedIcouldbecomeawriter.Iknewherenthusiasm,IappreciateditandIsawhowithadalreadyimprovedourlives.Iacceptedher10andbegantowriteforlocalnewspapers.9.A.cameraB.radioC.bicycleD.typewriter9.D給我買(mǎi)了二手的打字機(jī)，讓我開(kāi)始寫(xiě)作。10.A.beliefB.requestC.criticismD.description10.A我接受了她的信念。Iwasdoingthesamekindof11thatgreatdayIwenttointerviewAndrewCarnegieandreceivedthetaskwhichbecamemylife’sworklater.Iwasn’ttheonlybeneficiary.Myfatherbecamethe12manintown.11.A.teaching B.writingC.studying D.reading11.B我從事的寫(xiě)作,因此用writing。12.A.cleverest B.wealthiestC.strongest D.healthiest12.B我爸爸成了我們鎮(zhèn)上最富裕的人。Mybrotherandstepbrothersbecameaphysician,adentist,alawyer,andacollegepresident.Whatpower13has!13.A.enthusiasm B.sympathyC.fortune D.confidence13.A熱情有著多強(qiáng)大的力量呀。Whenthatpowerisreleasedtosupportthecertaintyofone’spurposeandis14strengthenedbyfaith,itbecomesanirresistibleforcewhichpovertyandtemporarydefeatcannever15.14.A.deliberately B.happilyC.traditionally D.constantly14.D不斷得到增強(qiáng)。15.A.winB.matchC.reachD.doubt15.B這種力量是貧窮和暫時(shí)的挫折所不能相比的。Youcancommunicatethatpowertoanyonewhoneedsit.Thisisprobablythegreatestworkyoucandowithyourenthusiasm.技巧點(diǎn)撥推斷寫(xiě)作目的要求考生推斷作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的。題干中常有purpose,或后面需接表示目的的動(dòng)詞不定式的intendto,meantto,(inorder)to等?？忌筛鶕?jù)文章的主旨和體裁來(lái)推斷作者的寫(xiě)作目的。因此,文章的首尾段或每段的首尾句是閱讀的重點(diǎn),作者的寫(xiě)作意圖往往就隱含在其中。二、閱讀理解作者寫(xiě)文章的目的通常有三種：(1)toentertainreaders(使讀者愉悅、發(fā)笑)：常見(jiàn)于個(gè)人經(jīng)歷或故事類(lèi)的文章。(2)topersuadereaders(說(shuō)服讀者接受某種觀點(diǎn))：常見(jiàn)于廣告或議論文。廣告是作者要推銷(xiāo)一種產(chǎn)品或一種服務(wù)：吸引更多的游客﹑讀者或訂戶(hù)﹑觀眾等。議論文是為了說(shuō)服讀者接受或贊同某一觀點(diǎn)。(3)toinformreaders(告知讀者某些信息)：多見(jiàn)于科普類(lèi)﹑新聞報(bào)道類(lèi)﹑文化類(lèi)或社會(huì)類(lèi)的文章,以及勸告性或建議性的文章。弄清其寫(xiě)作目的,需要找準(zhǔn)主題句,把握文章主旨。真題演練(A)[2010陜西]WhenIfirstgotane-mailaccounttenyearsago,Ireceivedcommunicationsonlyfromfamily,friends,andcolleagues.NowitseemsthateverytimeIcheckmye-mail,Ihaveanendlessseriesofadvertisementsandothercorrespondencethatdonotinterestmeatall.Ifwewante-mailtocontinuetobeuseful,weneedspecificlawsthatmakespamming(發(fā)垃圾郵件)acrime.Iflawmakersdonotdosomethingsoontoprohibitspam,theproblemwillcertainlygetmuchworse.Computerprogramsallowspammerstosendhundredsofmillionsofe-mailsalmostinstantly.Asmoreandmoreadvertisersturntospamtoselltheirproducts，individuale-mailboxesareoftenfloodedwithspame-mails.Wouldpeoplecontinuetousee-mailiftheyhadtodealwithanannoyingamountofspameachtime?Thisproblemistroublingforindividualsandcompaniesaswell.Manyspame-mailscontaincomputervirusesthatcanshutdowntheentirenetworkofacompany.Companiesrelyone-mailfortheiremployeestocommunicatewitheachother.Spamfrequentlycausesfailuresintheirlocalcommunicationsnetworks,andtheiremployeesarethusunabletocommunicateeffectively.Suchasituationresultsinalossofproductivityandrequirescompaniestorepeatedlyrepairtheirnetworks.Thesecomputerproblemsraiseproductioncostsofcompanies,whichare,intheend,passedontotheconsumer.Forthesereasons,Ibelievethatlawmakersneedtolegislate(立法)againstspam.Spammersshouldbefined,andperhapssenttoprisoniftheycontinuetodisturbpeople.E-mailisatoolwhichhelpspeopleallovertheworldtocommunicateconveniently,butspamisdestroyingthisconvenience.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“correspondence”intheParagraph1probablymean?A.Messages. B.Ideas.C.Connections. D.Programs.1.A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)本文中的e-mail一詞以及endlessseriesofadvertisements可以推斷出correspondence是“信件”的意思。2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemajorcauseofthefloodingspam?A.Companiesrelyone-mailforcommunications.B.Morepeopleintheworldcommunicatebye-mail.C.Manycomputervirusescontainspame-mail.D.Moreadvertisersbegintopromotesalesthroughspam.2.D推理判斷題。由第二段中的Asmoreandmore…withspame-mails.可推出本題選D。3.AccordingtoParagraph3,whoisthefinalvictimofspam?A.Thebusiness. B.Theadvertiser.C.Theemployee. D.Theconsumer.3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句可知本題選D。4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Spamistroublingforindividualsandcompanies.B.Whoeverspamsshouldbesenttoprison.C.Spamresultsinalossofproductivity.D.Computerproblemsincreaseproductioncostsofcompanies.4.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知B言之過(guò)分。5.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toinform. B.Toeducate.C.Topersuade. D.Toinstruct.5.C推理判斷題。通讀全文可知本文作者擺出了垃圾郵件的危害,其目的是說(shuō)服立法人員盡快出臺(tái)法律阻止垃圾郵件的蔓延,故本題選C。(B)[2010安徽]TheengineerCamilloOlivettiwas40yearsoldwhenhestartedthecompanyin1908.AthisfactoryinIvrea,hedesignedandproducedthefirstItaliantypewriter.Todaythecompany’sheadofficeisstillinIvrea,nearTurin,butthecompanyismuchlargerthanitwasinthosedaysandthereareofficesallaroundtheworld.By1930therewasastaffof700andthecompanyturnedout13,000machinesayear.SomewenttocustomersinItaly,butOlivettiexportedmoretypewriterstoothercountries.Camillo’sson,Adriano,startedworkingforthecompanyin1924andlaterhebecametheboss.Heintroducedastandardspeedfortheproductionlineandheemployedtechnologyanddesignspecialists.Thecompanydevelopednewandbettertypewritersandthencalculators.In1959itproducedtheELEAcomputersystem.Thiswasthefirstmainframe(主機(jī))computerdesignedandmadeinItaly.AfterAdrianodiedin1960,thecompanyhadaperiodoffinancialproblems.Othercompanies,especiallytheJapanese,madefasterprogressinelectronictechnologythantheItaliancompany.In1978,CarlodeBenedettibecamethenewboss.Olivettiincreaseditsmarketingandservicenetworksandmadeagreementswithothercompaniestodesignandproducemoreadvancedofficeequipment.Soonitbecameoneoftheworld’sleadingcompaniesininformationtechnologyandcommunications.TherearenowfiveindependentcompaniesintheOlivettigroup-oneforpersonalcomputers,oneforotherofficeequipment,oneforsystemsandservices,andtwofortelecommunications.6.From