全新版教案模板

全新版教案模板以第二冊(cè)第七課為例IClassHours:6IITeachingAimsandRequirementsStudentswillbeableto:1.graspthemainidea(becauseofitstoleranceforoutsideinfluences,Englishhasbecomeagreatlanguage)andstructureofthetext;2.understandsomeidiomaticEnglishusagesmentionedintheunit;3.masterkeylanguagepointsandstructuresinthetext;4.conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.IIITeachingFocus1.Vocabulary2.Grammar3.WritingStrategyIVClassHoursAllotment1stperiod:Culturalnotesandwarm-upquestions.2ndperiod:Pre-readingactivities(NewwordsandExpressions).3rdperiod:IntensivestudyofthetextA(Languagepoints).4thperiod:IntensivestudyofthetextA(Languagepoints)andwritingstrategy5thperiod:Exercises(Vocabulary,wordbuilding,structure,translation,clozeandtextB).6thperiod:Listeningandspeakingactivities.V.ClassProcedures1.Culturalnotesandwarm-upquestions.1)Culturalnotes(1)HistoryofEnglishTherootsofEnglish:EnglishbeganasawestGermaniclanguagewhichwasbroughttoEnglandbytheSaxonsaround400A.D.OldEnglishwasthespokenandwrittenlanguageofEnglandbetween400and1100A.D.ManywordsusedtodaycomefromOldEnglish,includingman,woman,king,mother,etc.ButOldEnglishwasverydifferentfrommodernEnglishandonlyafewwordscanbeeasilyrecognized.Inthe9thand10thcenturies,whenVikingsinvadedEngland,OldNorsewords,e.g.sky,takeandgetandmanyplacenames,enteredthelanguage.FromtheNormanConquest(1066)untilthelate12thcenturyEnglishwasreplacedastheofficiallanguagebyNormanFrench,thoughEnglishwasstillusedbythelowerclasses.Englishfromabout1300to1500isknownasMiddleEnglish.ItwasinfluencedbyFrenchandalsoLatininvocabularyandpronunciation.Frenchbroughtmanywordsconnectedwithgovernment,e.g.sovereign,royal,court,legalandgovernmentitself.LatinwasthelanguageofreligionandlearningandgavetoEnglishwordssuchasminister,angel,master,schoolandgrammar.LiteraturebeganagaintobewritteninEnglishduringthisperiod.OneofthemostfamousMiddleEnglishworksisChaucer'sTheCanterburyTalesThedevelopmentofModernEnglish:ModernEnglishdevelopedfromtheMiddleEnglishdialectoftheEastMidlandsandwasinfluencedbytheEnglishusedinLondon,whereaprintingpresswassetupbyWilliamCaxtonin1476.Englishchangedagreatdealfromthistimeuntiltheendofthe18thcentury.DuringtheRenaissance,manywordswereintroducedfromGreekandLatintoexpressnewideas,especiallyinscience,medicineandphilosophy.Theyincludedphysics,species,architecture,encyclopediaandhypothesis.Inthe16thcenturyseveralversionsoftheBiblehelpedbringwrittenEnglishtoordinarypeople.TheElizabethanperiodisalsofamousforitsdrama,andShakespeare'splayswereseenbymanypeople.Thedevelopmentofprintinghelpedestablishstandardsofspellingandgrammar,butthereremainedalotofvariation.SamuelJohnson'sADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage(1755)wasthefirstauthoritativetreatmentofEnglish.Itdefinedabout40,000wordsandgaveexamplesoftheiruse.Bythe18thcenturyAmericanEnglishwasestablishedanddevelopingindependentlyfromBritishEnglish.AftercolonistsarrivedintheUSnewwordsbegantobeaddedfromNativeAmericanlanguages,andfromFrenchandSpanish.In1783,soonafterJohnson'sdictionarywaspublished,NoahWebster'sTheElementarySpellingBookwaspublishedintheUS.AtfirstitusedJohnson'sspellings,butlatereditionscontainedmanyofwhathavecometobeknownasAmericanspellings,e.g.harborandfavorite.20thCenturyEnglish:Duringthe19thandearly20thcenturiesmanydictionariesandbooksaboutlanguagewerepublished.NewwordsarestillbeingaddedtoEnglishfromotherlanguages,includingChinese(fengshut)andJapanese(karaoke).Existingwordsgainnewsenses,andnewexpressionsspreadquicklythroughtelevisionandtheInternet.>Englishisnowaninternationallanguageandisusedasameansofcommunicationbetweenpeoplefrommanycountries.AsaresulttheinfluencesontheEnglishlanguagearewiderthaneveranditispossiblethatWorldEnglishwillmoveawayfromusingaBritishorAmericanstandardandestablishitsowninternationalidentity.(2)WinstonChurchill(1874-1965)apoliticianwhoisrememberedasoneofBritain'sgreateststatesmen.HewasthesonoftheConservativepoliticianLordRandolphChurchillandhisAmericanwifeJennie.AsayoungmanheservedasasoldierinIndiaandEgypt,andasajournalistinSouthAfrica,beforeenteringpolitics.ChurchillbecamePrimeMinisterandMinisterofDefencein1940.HisradiospeechesduringWorldWarIIgavetheBritishpeopleastrongdeterminationtowinthewar,especiallyattimesofgreatcrisis.ExamplesofChurchill'sphrasesstilloftenquotedtodayare"Ihavenothingtoofferbutblood,toil,tearsandsweat",and"Thiswastheirfinesthour".TheConservativePartyledbyChurchilllosttheelectionof1945,buthebecamePrimeMinisteragainfrom1951to1955whenheretired,aged80.WhenhediedinJan1965hewasgivenastatefuneral.(3)JuliusCaesar(100-44BC)thebest-knownofalltheancientRomanleaders,andthefirstonetolandinBritainwithanarmy.Hedidthistwice,in55and54BC,althoughBritaindidnotbecomepartoftheRomanEmpireuntilnearlyahundredyearslater.(4)VikingamemberofapeoplefromScandinaviawhoattackedpartsofnorthernandwesternEurope,includingBritainandIreland,inthe8thto11thcenturies.InBritaintheywerealsoknownasNorsemen.TheysettledontheScottishislandsandinareasofeasternEngland,andtheDanishkingCanuteruledEnglandfrom1016.TheVikingswerefearedasviolentandcruel,buttheywerealsonotedfortheirskillinbuildingshipsandassailors.TheyhadanimportantinfluenceonEnglishcultureandtheEnglishlanguage.(5)NormananyofthepeoplefromNormandyinnorthernFrancewhosettledinEnglandaftertheirleaderWilliamdefeatedtheEnglishkingattheBattleofHastingsin1066.TheNormanstookcontrolofthecountry,aprocessknownastheNormanConquest.TheyusedmanyoftheexistingAnglo-Saxonmethodsofgovernmentofthestateandthechurch,butaddedimportantaspectsoftheirownandmadegovernmentmuchmoreeffective.ThelanguageofgovernmentbecamefirstLatin,andthenNormanFrench,andthiscausedmanynewwordstobeaddedtotheexistingEnglishlanguage.(6)WilliamCaxton(c.1422-1491)themanwhosetupthefirstprintingfirminBritain.Heprintedhisfirstbookin1474.ByprintingbooksinEnglish,Caxtonhadastronginfluenceonthespellinganddevelopmentofthelanguage.ManyofthebookshepublishedwereFrenchstorieswhichhetranslatedhimself.(7)OttoJespersen(1860-1943)Danishphilologist,grammarian,andeducationist.Hepromotedtheuseofthe"directmethod"inlanguageteachingwiththepublicationofhistheoreticalworkHowtoTeachaForeignLanguage(1904).Otherbooksincludehisseven-volumeModernEnglishGrammar(1909-1949).(8)NorsetheofficiallanguageofNorway.OldNorsewastheGermaniclanguageofNorwayanditscoloniesdowntothe14thcentury.ItistheancestoroftheScandinavianlanguagesandismostclearlypreservedinthesagaliteratureofIceland.2)Warm-upquestions(1)Whatisthepassageabout?(2)What’syourimpressionoftheEnglishlanguage?(3)CanyougiveoneortwoexamplestoillustratethemessinessoftheEnglishlanguage?(4)Canyouguesswhatthetextsinthisunitaregoingtobeabout?2.Pre-readingactivities(NewwordsandExpressions).Newwordsmassive:largeinscale,amount,ordegreeExamples:(1)Theancienttemple'smassivestonepillarshadbeguntocrumble.(2)Thescaleoftheproblemissomassivethatitwillrequireallourresourcestodealwithit.corrupt:1)causeerrorstoappearinExamples:(1)TheAcademyruledthatsuchforeignexpressionswerenotpermitted,astheycorruptedthelanguage.(2)HasJapanesebeencorruptedbytheintroductionofforeignwords?2)causetoactdishonestlyinreturnforpersonalgainsExamples:(1)Webelievefilmsofviolencewouldcorruptyoungpeople.(2)Toourgreatsurprise,theformermayorturnedouttohavebeencorruptedbythedesireformoneyandpower.ban:forbid(sth.)officially(usedinthepattern:bansth.\bansb.fromsth./doingsth.)Examples:(1)Thelocalgovernmentwillbansmokinginallofficeslaterthisyear.(2)Scientistsfrommanycountriescalledontheinternationalcommunitytocreateaninternationalconventiontobanhumancloningassoonaspossible.(3)Tomwasbannedfromdrivingforsixmonthsafterbeingcaughtspeedingagain.n.ban(followedbyon)Examples:(1)Thegovernmentisconsideringatotalbanoncigaretteadvertising.(2)Thebanonundergroundnucleartestsisavitalsteptowarddisarmament.invent:1)makeordesign(sth.thathasnotexistedbefore);create(sth.)Examples:(1)JamesWattinventedthesteamengine.(2)AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephone.2)give(aname,reason,etc.thatdoesn'texistorisnottrue)Examples:(1)Allthecharactersinthenovelareinvented.(2）Standingstillintheteacher'soffice,theboytriedtoinventaplausibleexcuseforhisabsencefromclass.Cf.:invent,discover1)Ifsomebodyinventssomething,theyarethefirstpersontothinkofitormakeit.Example:WalterHuntandEliasHoneinventedthesewingmachine.2)Ifsomebodydiscoverssomething,theyfindoutaboutsomethingwhichexistsbutwhichwasnotpreviouslyknown.Example:TheplanetPlutowasdiscoveredin1930.fascinating:ofgreatinterestorattractionExamples:(1）ThestoryofhisadventuresintheArcticwasfascinatingtolistento.(2）Ifoundthediscussionaboutcloningabsolutelyfascinating.tolerance:1)thequalityofallowingotherpeopletosayanddoastheylike,evenifyoudon'tagreeorapproveofit(followedbyof/for)Examples:(1)Schoolteachershavetohaveagreatdealoftoleranceinordertodealwithdifficultchildren.(2)Ithinktolerancebetweenstudentsisextremelynecessarysincetheyliveandstudytogether.2)theabilitytobearsth.painfulorunpleasant(followedbyof/for)Examples:(1)Humanbeingshavelimitedtoleranceofnoise.(2)Thepatienthadnotoleranceforpain.Wheneverhewasinjectedhewouldcry.Expressionsstrictlyspeaking:Ifoneuseswords,appliesrules,heirexactsenseExamples:(1）He'snotstrictlyspeakinganartist;heismoreofaperformer.(2）Strictlyspeakingshewasnotqualifiedforthejob.Butweemployedherbecauseofherhonesty.toa(veryreal,certain,etc.)extent:tothedegreespecifiedExamples:(1)Iagreewithhimtosomeextentbuttherearestillsomeareasofsharpdisagreementbetweenus.(2)Tosomeextentthewaterpollutionhasaffectedlocalresidents.(3)Toacertainextentthefailureoftherestaurantwasduetobadmanagement.putintopractice:Examples:(1)Havingdelayedseveraltimes,wemustputthisplanintopracticenow.(2)Theyweren'tallowedtoputintopracticeintheirdailylivestheteachingstheyreceived.strikeout:startbeingindependent;startdoingwhatonewantstodoinlifeExample:Afterworkingforhisfatherforabouttenyears,hedecidedtostrikeoutonhisown.3.IntensivestudyofthetextA(Languagepoints)1)