被動語態(tài)講解

被動語態(tài)ThePassiveVoice被動語態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。Hisbrotherwashesbowlsevery

day.主謂賓(受動者)Bowlsare

washedbyhis

brother

every

day.改為被動語態(tài)TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeilun.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeilun.EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.你知道這些被動句的否定句和一般疑問句嗎？1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主語+及物動詞+賓語Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時：S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主謂賓(受動者)Thelittlebaby

waslookedafterbyhimyesterday.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過去時：S+was/were+過去分詞Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主謂賓(受動者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.3.They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來時：S+will+be+過去分詞4．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina．Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情態(tài)動詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.練習(xí)：1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.TheymadecomputersintheU.S.A.3.Peopleusedknivesforcuttingthings.4.Peopleusedmetalformakingmachines.5.TheyproducesilkinSuzhouandHangzhou.6.TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.

7.TheywritebusinesslettersinEnglish.

8.TheygrowriceinSouthChina.

9.TheyplantmanytreesinNorthChina.

10.LuXunwrotethisbook.

11.Theworkersbuiltsomebridges.12.Wecanusetheboxasatable.

13.Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday

被動語態(tài)中的特殊情況1.不及物動詞帶介詞和介詞賓語時，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，仍然要帶上介詞。e.g.Thestudentslisten

totheteachercarefullyinclass.被動句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被動句：Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.

2.當(dāng)動詞帶有復(fù)合賓語(有賓補(bǔ)),并且賓補(bǔ)是省去“to”的動詞不定式時，在被動語態(tài)中應(yīng)加上“to”e.g.Theymakeusdoallthework.被動句：Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem.e.g.Weoftenhearhersingsongs.被動句：Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus.e.g.Isawhimwalktoschool.被動句：Hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme.這些動詞真奇怪，主動句中to離開，被動句中to回來。（let，have，make，feel，see,watch,hear,notice…)3.當(dāng)動詞帶雙賓語時(一個賓語是指人，一個是指物)，將其中指人的賓語提前作被動句的主語時，另一個賓語按順序照抄下來；如是將指物的賓語提前作被動句的主語，在被動句中則指人賓語前應(yīng)加“to”或“for”。常見加to的動詞有g(shù)ive，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell…常見加for的動詞有make,draw,buy…e.g.Hegivesmeaflowereveryday.被動1Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday.被動2Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday.e.g.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.被動1Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.被動2Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.練習(xí)：將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍泳洹?.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.

LiLei’sfatherislistenedtocarefullybyLiLei.2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.Thebabywaslookedafterbythemotherintheroom.3.Wetookcareofthethings.Thethingsweretakencareofbyus.4.Theygaveussomework.

Weweregivensomeworkbythem.Someworkwasgiventousbythem.5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.

Theyweremadetolaughallthetimebytheboy.6.Mymotherbuysmeabike.

Abikeisboughtformebymymother.Iamboughtabikebymymother.

1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISES

areusedarecleaned(變被動語態(tài)）5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.

wasmadetohave

canbe

used3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.The

ticket

was

found

was

told9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.

we

were

given

were

giventous7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMust

be

finished10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.

wasasked

isdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemended

mustbe

taken14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?

is

studiedIs

talked

bythem下列時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成

1.Lucyiswateringthetrees.

2.Theboywasmendinghisbike.3.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.

看一看想一想Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Theroo