AndroidBLE與終端通信(三)-客戶端與服務(wù)端通信過程以及實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)通信資料

AndroidBLE與終端通信（三）——客戶端與服務(wù)端通信過程以及實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)通信一.藍牙數(shù)據(jù)傳輸藍牙數(shù)據(jù)傳輸其實跟我們的 Socket（套接字）有點類似，如果有不懂的，可以百度一下概念，我們只要知道是這么回事就可以了，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中使用 Socket和ServerSocket控制客戶端和服務(wù)端來數(shù)據(jù)讀寫。而藍牙通訊也是由客戶端和服務(wù)端來完成的，藍牙客戶端 Socket是BluetoothSocket,藍牙服務(wù)端 Socket是BluetoothServerSocket,這兩個類都在 Android.bluetooth包下，而且無論是 BluetoothSocket還是BluetoothServerSocket，我們都需要一個 UUID（標識符），這個UUID在上篇也是有提到，而且他的格式也是固定的：UUID:XXXXXXXX(8)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXXXXXXXXXX(12)第一段是 8位，中間三段式 4位，最后一段是 12位，UUID相當于Socket的端口，而藍牙地址則相當于 Socket的IPandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"><Buttonandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:onClick="btnSearch"android:text="搜索藍牙設(shè)備"/><ListViewandroid:id="@+id/lvDevices"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="0dp"android:layout_weight="1"/></LinearLayout>2.實現(xiàn)步驟1.聲明我們需要的東西本地藍牙適配器privateBluetoothAdaptermBluetoothAdapter;列表privateListViewlvDevices;存儲搜索到的藍牙privateList<String>bluetoothDevices=newArrayList<String>();//listview的adapterprivateArrayAdapter<String>arrayAdapter;UUID.randomUUID()隨機獲取UUIDprivatefinalUUIDMY_UUID=UUID.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");連接對象的名稱privatefinalStringNAME="LGL";這里本身即是服務(wù)端也是客戶端，需要如下類privateBluetoothSocketclientSocket;privateBluetoothDevicedevice;輸出流_客戶端需要往服務(wù)端輸出privateOutputStreamos;2.初始化獲取本地藍牙適配器mBluetoothAdapter=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();判斷手機是否支持藍牙if(mBluetoothAdapter==null){Toast.makeText(this,"設(shè)備不支持藍牙",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();finish();}判斷是否打開藍牙if(!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){彈出對話框提示用戶是后打開Intentintent=newIntent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(intent,1);不做提示，強行打開mBluetoothAdapter.enable();}//初始化listviewlvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);獲取已經(jīng)配對的設(shè)備Set<BluetoothDevice>pairedDevices=mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();判斷是否有配對過的設(shè)備if(pairedDevices.size()>0){for(BluetoothDevicedevice:pairedDevices){遍歷到列表中bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName()+":"+device.getAddress()+"\n");}}//adapterlvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);/**異步搜索藍牙設(shè)備——廣播接收*/找到設(shè)備的廣播IntentFilterfilter=newIntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);注冊廣播registerReceiver(receiver,filter);搜索完成的廣播filter=newIntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);注冊廣播registerReceiver(receiver,filter);}3.點擊搜索publicvoidbtnSearch(Viewv){設(shè)置進度條setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("正在搜索...");判斷是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索if(mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}開始搜索mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();}4.搜索設(shè)備privatefinalBroadcastReceiverreceiver=newBroadcastReceiver(){@OverridepublicvoidonReceive(Contextcontext,Intentintent){收到的廣播類型Stringaction=intent.getAction();發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)備的廣播從intent中獲取設(shè)備BluetoothDevicedevice=intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);判斷是否配對過if(device.getBondState()!=BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED){添加到列表bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName()+":"device.getAddress()+"\n");arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}搜索完成}elseif(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)){關(guān)閉進度條setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("搜索完成！");}}};5.客戶端實現(xiàn)已經(jīng)發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)流客戶端@OverridepublicvoidonItemClick(AdapterView<?>parent,Viewview,intposition,longid){先獲得藍牙的地址和設(shè)備名單獨解析地址Stringaddress=s.substring(s.indexOf(":")+1).trim();主動連接藍牙try{判斷是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索if(mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}try{判斷是否可以獲得if(device==null){獲得遠程設(shè)備device=mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);}開始連接if(clientSocket==null){clientSocket=device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);連接clientSocket.connect();獲得輸出流os=clientSocket.getOutputStream();}}catch(Exceptione){TODO:handleexception}//如果成功獲得輸出流if(os!=null){os.write("HelloBluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));}}catch(Exceptione){TODO:handleexception}}6.Handler服務(wù)服務(wù)端，需要監(jiān)聽客戶端的線程類privateHandlerhandler=newHandler(){Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();super.handleMessage(msg);}};7.服務(wù)端讀取數(shù)據(jù)流線程服務(wù)類privateclassAcceptThreadextendsThread{privateBluetoothServerSocketserverSocket;privateBluetoothSocketsocket;輸入輸出流privateOutputStreamos;privateInputStreamis;publicAcceptThread(){try{serverSocket=mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME,MY_UUID);}catch(IOExceptione){TODOAuto-generatedcatchblocke.printStackTrace();}}@Overridepublicvoidrun(){截獲客戶端的藍牙消息try{socket=serverSocket.accept();//如果阻塞了，就會一直停留在這里is=socket.getInputStream();os=socket.getOutputStream();不斷接收請求,如果客戶端沒有發(fā)送的話還是會阻塞while(true){每次只發(fā)送128個字節(jié)byte[]buffer=newbyte[128];讀取intcount=is.read();//如果讀取到了，我們就發(fā)送剛才的那個 ToastMessagemsg=newMessage();msg.obj=newString(buffer,0,count,"utf-8");handler.sendMessage(msg);}}catch(Exceptione){TODO:handleexception}}}8.開啟服務(wù)首先要聲明//啟動服務(wù)ac=newAcceptThread();ac.start();MainActivity 完整代碼publicclassMainActivityextendsActivityimplementsOnItemClickListener{本地藍牙適配器privateBluetoothAdaptermBluetoothAdapter;列表privateListViewlvDevices;存儲搜索到的藍牙privateList<String>bluetoothDevices=newArrayList<String>();//listview的adapterprivateArrayAdapter<String>arrayAdapter;UUID.randomUUID()隨機獲取UUIDprivatefinalUUIDMY_UUID=UUID.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");連接對象的名稱privatefinalStringNAME="LGL";這里本身即是服務(wù)端也是客戶端，需要如下類privateBluetoothSocketclientSocket;privateBluetoothDevicedevice;輸出流_客戶端需要往服務(wù)端輸出privateOutputStreamos;//線程類的實例privateAcceptThreadac;@OverrideprotectedvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);initView();}privatevoidinitView(){獲取本地藍牙適配器mBluetoothAdapter=BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();判斷手機是否支持藍牙if(mBluetoothAdapter==null){Toast.makeText(this,"設(shè)備不支持藍牙",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();finish();}判斷是否打開藍牙if(!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){彈出對話框提示用戶是后打開Intentintent=newIntent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(intent,1);不做提示，強行打開mBluetoothAdapter.enable();}//初始化listviewlvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);獲取已經(jīng)配對的設(shè)備Set<BluetoothDevice>pairedDevices=mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();判斷是否有配對過的設(shè)備if(pairedDevices.size()>0){for(BluetoothDevicedevice:pairedDevices){遍歷到列表中bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName()+":"+device.getAddress()+"\n");}}//adapterlvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);//啟動服務(wù)ac=newAcceptThread();ac.start();/**異步搜索藍牙設(shè)備——廣播接收*/找到設(shè)備的廣播IntentFilterfilter=newIntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);注冊廣播registerReceiver(receiver,filter);搜索完成的廣播filter=newIntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);注冊廣播registerReceiver(receiver,filter);}publicvoidbtnSearch(Viewv){設(shè)置進度條setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("正在搜索...");判斷是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索if(mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}開始搜索mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();}廣播接收器privatefinalBroadcastReceiverreceiver=newBroadcastReceiver(){@OverridepublicvoidonReceive(Contextcontext,Intentintent){收到的廣播類型Stringaction=intent.getAction();發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)備的廣播從intent中獲取設(shè)備BluetoothDevicedevice=intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);判斷是否配對過if(device.getBondState()!=BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED){添加到列表bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName()+":"device.getAddress()+"\n");arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}搜索完成}elseif(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)){關(guān)閉進度條setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("搜索完成！");}}};客戶端@OverridepublicvoidonItemClick(AdapterView<?>parent,Viewview,intposition,longid){先獲得藍牙的地址和設(shè)備名Strings=arrayAdapter.getItem(position);單獨解析地址Stringaddress=s.substring(s.indexOf(":")+1).trim();主動連接藍牙try{判斷是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索if(mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()){mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}try{判斷是否可以獲得if(device==null){獲得遠程設(shè)備device=mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);}開始連接if(clientSocket==null){clientSocket=device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);連接clientSocket.connect();獲得輸出流os=clientSocket.getOutputStream();}}catch(Exceptione){TODO:handleexception}如果成功獲得輸出流if(os!=null){os.write("HelloBluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));}}catch(Exceptione){TODO:handleexception}}服務(wù)端，需要監(jiān)聽客戶端的線程類privateHandlerhandler=newHandler(){Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,Stri