當(dāng)代散文賞析-期末考試題型與復(fù)習(xí)重點2018秋

復(fù)習(xí)重點和考試題型考試題型I.ParaphraseinEnglishthepartsunderlinedinthefollowing(2x10=20%)1至。2段來自我講課的重點段落unit2,unit3,unit6,unit7,unit8,unit11,unit12,unit13IIRewritethefollowing(2x5=10%)高級英語(二)教與學(xué)指南unit3,6,9的rewritingIIITranslatethefollowingpartsintoEnglish(40%)2段來自我講課的重點段落unit2,unit3,unit6,unit7,unit8,unit11,unit12,unit13IVWriting(30%)以下是復(fù)習(xí)的主要重點段落(大家好好做一下高級英語(二)教與學(xué)指南相應(yīng)的練習(xí))Unit2Infact,thereisalongandhonorablehistoryofprocrastinationtosuggestthatmanyideasanddecisionsmaywellimproveifpostponed.Itissomethingofatruismthattoputoffmakingadecisionisitselfadecision.Theparliamentaryprocessisessentiallyasystemofdelayanddeliberation.So,forthatmatter,isthecreationofagreatpainting,oranentree,orabook,orabuildinglikeBlenheimPalace,whichtooktheDukeofMarlborough,sarchitectsandlaborers15yearstoconstruct.Intheprocess,thedesigncanmellowandmarinate.Indeed,hurrycanbetheassassinofelegance.AsT.H.White,authorofSwordintheStone,oncewrote,time“isnotmeanttobedevouredinanhouroraday,buttobeconsumeddelicatelyandgraduallyandwithouthaste.”事實上，有一個漫長而光榮的拖延歷史表明，如果推遲，很多想法和決定可能會有所改善。推遲作出決定本身就是一個決定，這是不言而喻的。議會程序基本上是一種拖延和審議的制度。因此，就此而言，是創(chuàng)造了一幅偉大的繪畫，或主菜，或一本書，或像布倫海姆宮這樣的建筑，它使馬爾伯勒公爵的建筑師和工人建造了15年。在這個過程中，設(shè)計可以醇厚和腌制。的確，快點可以成為優(yōu)雅的刺客。正如“石頭之劍”一書的作者T.H.懷特曾寫道，“時間”并不意味著在一小時或一天內(nèi)被吞噬，而是被微妙地逐漸消耗，而且沒有匆忙。Unit3Inaprimitivesociety,forexample,menpicturedtheworldaslarge,fearsome,hostile,andbeyondhumancontrol.Thereforetheybuiltheavy,wallsofhugeboulders,behindwhichtheycouldfeelthemselvestobeinadelimitedspacethatwascontrollableandsafe;theseheavywallsexpressedman'sfearoftheouterwotTlandhisneedtofindprotection,howeverillusory.Itmightbearguedthattheundevelopedtechnologyoftheperiodprecludedtheconstructionofmoredelicatewalls.Thisisofcoursetrue.Still,itwasnottechnology,butafearfulattitudetowardtheworld,whichmadepeoplewanttobuildwallsinthefirstplace.Thegreaterthefear,theheavierthewall,untilinthetombsofancientkingswefindstructuresthatarepracticallyallwall,thefearofdissolutionbeingtheultimatefear.例如，在原始社會中，人們認為世界是大的，可怕的，敵對的，超出人類控制的。因此，他們建造了巨大的巨石墻，他們可以感覺自己處于一個可控制和安全的劃界空間；這些沉重的墻壁表達了人類對外部世界的恐懼以及他尋求保護的必要性，無論多么虛幻。可能有人認為，這一時期未開發(fā)的技術(shù)無法建造更精致的墻壁。這當(dāng)然是真的。盡管如此，這不是技術(shù)，而是對世界的恐懼態(tài)度，這使人們首先想要建造墻壁?？謶衷酱螅瑝υ街?，直到在古代國王的墓葬中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)幾乎都是墻壁的結(jié)構(gòu)，對解散的恐懼是最終的恐懼。Unit6Theoutstandingcharacteristicofman,screativenessistheabilitytoitransmutetrivialimpulsesintomomentousconsequences.Thegreatnessofmanisin2whathecandowithpettygrievancesandjoys,andwithcommonphysiologicalpressuresandhungers.“WhenIhavealittle3vexation,“wroteKeats,“itgrowsinfiveminutesintoathemeforSophocles.”Toacreativeindividualallexperienceis4seminal---alleventsare^equidistantfromnewideasand6insights---andhis7inordinatehumannessshowsitselfintheabilitytomakethetrivialandcommonreachanenormousway.Childrenandmaturepeople8thriveondullroutine,whiletheadolescent,whohaslostthechild,scapacityforconcentrationandiswithouttheinnerResourcesofthemature,needsexcitementandnoveltytoiostaveoffboredom.人類創(chuàng)造力的突出特點是能夠?qū)嵥榈臎_動轉(zhuǎn)化為重大的后果。人類的偉大之處在于，他可以用輕微的不滿和歡樂，以及共同的生理壓力和饑餓來做?！爱?dāng)我有一點點時，”濟慈寫道，“它在五分鐘內(nèi)成長為索福克勒斯的一個主題。”對于一個有創(chuàng)造力的人來說，所有的經(jīng)驗都是4分鐘的-所有的事件都是新的想法和6個新的-并且他的7過度的人性表現(xiàn)在使瑣碎和共同的范圍成為一種巨大的方式的能力。兒童和成熟的人8日常活躍，而青少年失去了孩子的專注能力，沒有成熟的內(nèi)在資源，需要興奮和新奇，以避免無聊。Unit7FortheGreeks,beautywasavirtue:akindofexcellence.Personsthenwereassumedtobewhatwenowhavetocall---lamely,enviously---wholepersons.IfitdidoccurtotheGreekstodistinguishbetweenaperson's“inside”and“outside,”theystillexpectedthatinnerbeautywouldbematchedby-beautyoftheotherkind.Thewell-bornyoungAthenianswhogatheredaroundSocratesfounditquiteparadoxicalthattheirherowassointelligent,sobrave,sohonorable,soseductive---andsougly.OneofSocrates,mainpedagogicalactswastobeugly一andteachthoseinnocent,nodoubtsplendid-lookingdisciplesofhishowfullofparadoxeslifereallywas.Onecouldhardlyaskformoreimportantevidenceofthedangersofconsideringpersonsassplitbetweenwhatis“inside”andwhatis“outside”thanthatinterminablehalf-comichalf-tragictale,theoppressionofwomen.對于希臘人來說，美麗是一種美德：一種卓越。那時人們被認為是我們現(xiàn)在要稱之為-跛腳，羨慕-全人。如果希臘人確實想要區(qū)分一個人的“內(nèi)部”和“外部”，他們?nèi)匀黄谕麅?nèi)在的美與之相匹配-另一種美。聚集在蘇格拉底周圍的出生年輕的雅典人發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們的英雄如此聰明，如此勇敢，如此光榮，如此誘人-如此丑陋，這是相當(dāng)自相矛盾的。蘇格拉底的主要教育行為之一就是丑陋-并教導(dǎo)那些無辜的，毫無疑問是出色的門徒，他的生活實際上充滿了悖論。0ne幾乎不可能要求更多重要的證據(jù)來證明人們認為人在“內(nèi)部”和“外部”之間的分裂，而不是那個無休止的半漫畫半悲劇故事，即女性的壓迫。Unit8Oneofthemajorpleasuresinlifeisappetite,andoneofourmajordutiesshouldbetopreserveit.Appetiteistheikeennessofliving;itisoneofthesensesthattellsyouthatyouarestill2curioustoexist,thatyou3stillhaveanedgeonyourlongingsandwanttobiteintotheworldandtasteitsdmultitudinousflavorsandjuices.Byappetite,ofcourse,Idon,tmeanjustthe5lustforfood,butanyconditionofunsatisfieddesire,any6burninginthebloodthatprovesyouwantmorethanyou,vegot,andthatyouhaven,tyetusedupyourlife.Wildesaidhefeltsorryforthosewho7nevergottheirheart'sdesire,butsorrierstillforthosewhodid.Igotmineonceonly,anditnearlykilledme,andI,vealwayspreferred8wantingtohavingsince.Besides,thewhole9toffee-nessoftoffeeswasi0imperceptiblydiminishedbythegrossactofhavingeatenit.生活中最重要的樂趣之一就是食欲，我們的主要職責(zé)之一應(yīng)該是保護它。食欲是生活的一種；它是一種感官告訴你，你仍然存在，你仍然有一個優(yōu)勢，你想要咬住世界，品嘗它的4種風(fēng)味和果汁。當(dāng)然，通過食欲，我并不僅僅意味著食物的最大限度，而是任何不滿意的欲望，血液中任何證明你想要的東西超過你所擁有的，并且你還沒有用盡你的生活。王爾德說，他為那些沒有得到他們內(nèi)心渴望的人感到難過，但對于那些做過的人來說仍然是悲傷的。我只得到了我一次，它差點殺了我，而且我一直喜歡8個曾經(jīng)。此外，整個太妃糖的咖啡因吃掉它的嚴重行為而不知不覺地減少了。Unit11Weshoulddeplorethedisappearanceofmanuscripts.Howcananyone,studentorscholar,learnanythingaboutthecreativeprocessfromafloppydisc?Canthiswobblyplasticrevealthehours,theendlesshours,wherebeautywasbornoutofIitsowndespair(asWilliamButlerYeatsputit)andblear-eyedwisdomoutofmidnightoil?Manuscriptsaretheserecordsofcreativeagony,oftensweat-stained,coffee-splatteredorcigarette-charred.Manuscriptstelluswhatwentoninawriter,ssoul,howheorshefeltduringtheagonyofcreation.Manuscriptsareourgifttoourheritage,andwehavenorighttodeprivefuturegenerationsoflearninghowwethinkandfeel,simplybecausewefindwordprocessingmoreconvenient.我們應(yīng)該對手稿的消失感到遺憾。任何人，學(xué)生或?qū)W者如何從軟盤上學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)創(chuàng)作過程的任何內(nèi)容？這種搖搖欲墜的塑料可以揭示出時間，無盡的時間，美麗源于我自己的絕望(正如威廉巴特勒葉芝所說的那樣)和朦朧的智慧來自午夜的油嗎？手稿是創(chuàng)造性痛苦的記錄，通常是汗?jié)n，咖啡濺或香煙燒焦。手稿告訴我們作家的靈魂是什么，在創(chuàng)作的痛苦中他或她的感受如何。手稿是我們對我們傳統(tǒng)的禮物，我們沒有權(quán)利剝奪后代學(xué)習(xí)我們的思考和感受，僅僅因為我們發(fā)現(xiàn)文字處理更方便。Unit12Americawasalandthatwasbeginningalloveragain,dedicatedtonothingmuchmorecomplicatedthantheratherihazybeliefthatallmenhadequalrightsandshouldhaveanequalchanceintheworld.InsuchalandLeestoodforthefeelingthatitwassomehowofadvantagetohumansocietytohavea2pronouncedinequalityinthesocialstructure.Thereshouldbealeisureclass,backedbyownershipofland;inturn,societyitselfshouldbe3keyedtothelandasthechiefsourceofwealthandinfluence.Fromthemthecountrywouldgetitsleadership;4tothemitcouldlookforthehighervalues---ofthought,ofconduct,ofpersonal^deportment---togiveitstrengthandvirtue.美國是一片重新開始的土地，致力于使所有人享有平等權(quán)利并且在世界上擁有平等機會的相當(dāng)羞恥的信念。在這樣的土地上，李代表的感覺是，在社會結(jié)構(gòu)中出現(xiàn)2個不平等的不平等對人類社會來說有點不利。應(yīng)該有一個休閑階層，以土地所有權(quán)為后盾；反過來，社會本身也應(yīng)該作為財富和影響力的主要來源。從他們這里，國家將獲得領(lǐng)導(dǎo);4對于他們來說，它可以尋找更高的價值觀-思想，行為，個人的行為-賦予它力量和美德。Unit13Aeuphemismiscommonlydefinedasan1auspiciousorexaltedterm(like“sanitationengineer”)thatisusedinplaceofamore2down-to-earthterm(like“garbageman”).Peoplewho3arepartialtoeuphemisms4standaccusedofbeing“5phony”ortryingtobidewhatitistheyarereallytalkingabout.Andthereisnodoubtthatinsomesituationstheaccusationisentirelyproper.Forexample,oneofthemore6detestableeuphemismsIhavecomeacrossinrecentyearsistheterm“OperationSunshine,”whichisthenametheU.S.GovernmentgavetosomeexperimentsitconductedwiththehydrogenbombintheSouth.Pacific.Itisobviousthatthegovernment,inchoosingthisname,wastryingto7expungethehideousimagerythatthebombevokesandinsodoingcommitted,asIseeit,animmoralact.Butthereisanothersidetoeuphemizingthatisworthmentioning,andafewwordshereinitsdefensewillnotbe8amiss.WhatIamsayingisthattheprocessofeuphemizinghasnomoralcontent.Themoral9dimensionsaresuppliedbywhatthewords10inquestionexpress,whattheywantustovalueandtosee.Now,allsortsofscoundrelsknowthisperfectlywellandcanmakeuslovealmostanythingbygettingusthecharmofanametowhateverworthlessthingtheyarepromoting.Butatthesametimeandinthesamevein,euphemizingisaperfectlyintelligentmethodofgeneratingnewandusefulwaysofperceivingthings.Themanwhowantsustocallhima“sanitationengineer”insteadofa“garbageman”ishopingwewilltreathimwithmorerespectthanwepresentlydo,Hewantsustoseethatheisofsomeimportancetooursociety.Hiseuphemismislaughableonlyifwethinkthatheisnotdeservingofsuchnoticeorrespect.Theteacherwhoprefersustousetheterm“culturallydifferentchildren”insteadof“slumchildren”iseuphemizing,allright,butisdoingittoencourageustoseeaspectsofasituationthatmightotherwisenotbeattendedto.委婉語通常被定義為一個吉祥或崇高的術(shù)語（如“衛(wèi)生工程師”），用于代替更為嚴謹?shù)男g(shù)語（如“垃圾人”）。那些偏向于委婉語的人被指責(zé)為“5phony”或試圖隱瞞他們真正在談?wù)摰膬?nèi)容。毫無疑問，在某些情況下，指控是完全正確的。例如，近年來我遇到的其中一個更令人討厭的委婉語是“陽光行動”這個術(shù)語，這是美國政府用它在南方用氫彈進行的一些實驗所給出的名稱。太平洋。顯而易見的是，政府在選擇這個名字的時候，正在試圖改變炸彈喚起的可怕形象，并且這樣做，就像我認為的那樣，是一種不道德的行為。但是還有另外一個值得一提的委婉說法，而在其辯護中的一些話不會是8amiss。我所說的是，委婉的過程沒有道德內(nèi)容。道德9維度由問題所表達的詞語10，他們希望我們重視和看到的詞語提供?，F(xiàn)在，各種各樣的惡棍都非常清楚地知道這一點，并且可以讓我們愛上幾乎任何東西，讓我們將名字的魅力帶給他們正在宣傳的任何毫無價值的東西。但同時也是同樣的，委婉化是一種非常智能的方法，可以產(chǎn)生新的有用的感知方式。那個希望我們稱他為“衛(wèi)生工程師”而非“侍從”的男人希望我們能夠比現(xiàn)在更尊重他，他希望我們看到他對我們的社會有一定的重要性。。只有當(dāng)我們認為他不值得這樣的通知或尊重時，他的委婉說法才是可笑的。喜歡我們使用“文化差異兒童”而不是“貧民窟兒童”這一術(shù)語的老師是委婉的，但這樣做是為了鼓勵我們看到可能無法照顧的情況。Myfather,snegativeresponsewasnotsomuchtothearchitectureastoaviolationofhisconceptofthenatureofmoney.Thearchitectureitselfdidn,tcausesomuchofItmightbearguedthattheundevelopedtechnologyoftheperiodprecludedtheconstructionofmoredelicatewalls.Itwaspossiblybecauseoftheundevelopedtechnologyoftheperiod試題樣題(題型例釋)I.ParaphraseinEnglishthepartsunderlinedinthefollowing(20%):Besides,thewhole9toffee-nessoftoffeeswas10imperceptiblydiminishedbythegrossactofhavingeatenit..imperceptiblydiminished:unaccountablythewholetoffeenessoftoffees:appealforachildtoeattoffeesRewritethefollowing(20%)Foreachofthesentencesbelow,writeanewsentenceascloseinmeaningaspossibletotheoriginalsentencebyusingthegivenwordsasthebeginning.Theoutstandingcharacteristicofman,screativenessistheabilitytotransmutetrivialimpulsesintomomentousconsequences.Man,screativenessisespeciallyshowninthefactthatOneofthewondershumancreativityworksisthatmancanmakefulluseofeveninsignificantfeelngstoproducefar-reachingresultsTranslatethefollowingunderlinedpartsintoEnglish(30%)美國是一個一切從頭越的國家，它致力于實現(xiàn)一種復(fù)雜而又相當(dāng)模糊的信念：人人都享有平等的權(quán)利，并應(yīng)該享受平等的生存機會。TheUnitedStatesisacountrythatisalloverthetop.Itiscommittedtoacomplexandrathervaguebelief:everyonehasequalrightsandshouldenjoyequalopportunitiesforsurvival.Writing(30%)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionbasedonthetitle:ShouldFirecrackersBeBanned?Youshouldbaseyourcompositiononthefollowingoutline(giveninChinese)..有人認為放鞭炮是好事，為什么？.有人認為放鞭炮是壞事，為什么？.我的看法ShouldFirecrackersBeBanned?放鞭炮應(yīng)該被禁止嗎?Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewsonfirecrackers.SomepeoplethinkvesbevesbeAstome,Iaminfavorofthefirstidea.ThereasonsareasfollowsFirst,addmittedly,lettingofffirecrackerswillcreateanauspiciouatmosphere,butitwillnotreallybringlucktoletofffirecrackersBesides,itisdangeroustoletofffirecrackers.Itwasreportedthatlettingofffirecrackerscausesalotofaccidents,fire,injury,andevendeatheveryyear.However,itisourtraditionalcustomtocelebrateanimportantoccasionbylettingofffirecrackers.Howcanweletofffirecrackerswhithougcausingaccidents?Thepossiblesolutionisthatthesubstituteforthefirecrackershouldbeinventedsothatwecancelebrateanimportantoccasionwhitoutcausingaccidents.Therehaslongbeenanationaldebate辯論)onfirecrackers.Somepeopleclaimthatfirecrackersshouldbebannedbecausewehaveheardoftoomanyinstancesoffirecrackersinjuringpeopleandcausingfires.Othersholdtheoppositeopinion.Theybelievefirecrackers,apartfromcreatinghappyatmosphereandbringgoodluck,havebecomepartofournationaltradition.Howcanwedoawaywiththiscustomwhichlabelsouridentity?Frommypointofview,Iwelcomeso-calledlimitedbanning,whichhasbeenpracticedinsomepartsofourcountry.Ontheonehand,thelocalgovernmentatalllevels,canorganizelarge-scalepartiesinwhichfirecrackersareletoffonnationalholidaysespeciallytheSpringFestival.Ontheotherhand,thespecialisthimself,whomakesthishiscareer,takesontheresponsibilityoflettingoffthefirecrackersonceremoniesandparties.Onlyinthiswaycanwekeepourselvesfromdangerwhileretainingthehappinessbroughtaboutbyfirecrackers.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicOnSocialPractice.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,basingyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelowandwriteyourcompositioninthecorrespondingplaceonyourAnswerSheet.1）社會實踐的積極作用2）社會實踐可能帶來的負面影響3）提出建議SocialPracticeSocialpracticehasbeenmoreandmorepopularinuniversitiesandcolleges.Studentsareaskedtoentersocietyandgetsomeideaofit.Surelysocialpracticehasmanyadvantages.Firstly,socialpracticecanofferstudentsachancetocontactsocietyandmeetdifferentkindsofpeople.Inthiswaystudentscangainsomevaluablesocialexperience,whichwillbeusefultotheirfuturecareer.Secondly,studentscanapplywhattheyhavelearnedinclasstopracticalwork,thusknowingthemselvesmoreclearly.Thirdly,socialpracticecanbringthemsomefinancialrewardandmakethemmoreindependentoftheirfamily.However,someproblemsmayariseifnocorrectguidanceismade.Forexample,somestudentsgetoverlyinterestedinsocialpracticeandwanttoworkfull-timeandearnmoney,thusneglectingtheirstudies.Andsomestudentsarelikelytogetintouchwiththedarksideofsociety,whichwillaffecttheirfuturestudies.Inordertocarryoutsocialpracticesmoothly,studentsshouldfirstknowitsobjective.Theyshouldputtheirstudiesinthefirstplaceandseesocialpracticejustasausefulsupplement,sotheyoughttotrytostrikeabalancebetweensocialpracticeandtheirstudies.點評：本篇文章屬于解釋性說明文。就業(yè)市場的競爭要求大學(xué)生具有豐富的社會實踐，才能適應(yīng)就業(yè)市場的競爭，所以現(xiàn)在在校大學(xué)生參與社會實踐活動頻繁，但如何處理好學(xué)業(yè)和社會實踐的關(guān)系成為人們關(guān)注的話題。本預(yù)測題與大學(xué)生生活密切相關(guān)，也是四級作文關(guān)注的重要話題社會實踐SocialPractice作者:adreep2015-01-30關(guān)于提高學(xué)生能力關(guān)于畢業(yè)關(guān)于社會實踐關(guān)于贏得工作面試Collegestudentsneedtotakepartinthesocialpracticebeforetheygraduate,manyuniversitiesencouragestudentstodoit,theyhavesomepoliciestosupportstudentstocarryonsocialpractice.Itisobviousthatsocialpracticeisveryimportantforcollegestudents,studentscangainalotfromit.大學(xué)生需要在畢業(yè)前參加社會實踐，很多大學(xué)鼓勵學(xué)生進行社會實踐，他們有一些政策來支持學(xué)生實行它。很明顯，社會實踐對大學(xué)生來說是很重要的，學(xué)生可以從社會實踐收獲很多。First,studentscancontacttotherealworld,theycanlearntodealwiththethingswhichtheywillmeetinthefuture.Studentsalwayskeeptheirstudyinthecampus,whattheyhavelearnedisfromthebook,buttheydon’thavethechancetopracticeit,socialpracticeprovidesthemthechance.Studentscanmaketheirknowledgeuseful.第一，學(xué)生可以接觸到真實的世界，他們可以學(xué)著去處理將來會遇到的問題。學(xué)生總是在校園里面學(xué)習(xí)，所學(xué)的都是書本上的知識，但是沒有機會來實踐，社會實踐就給他們提供了機會。學(xué)生可以讓他們學(xué)的知識變得有用。Second,socialpracticeisveryhelpfulinfindingjobsforstudents.Whenstudentscometothejobmarket,theemployerspayspecialattentiontotheworkingexperience,socialpracticebelongstoit,ithelpsstudentsstandoutandwinthechancetotakethejobinterview.Theemployersthinkyoucanhandlesomesituationsbecauseofyoursocialpractice.第二，社會實踐在幫助學(xué)生找工作方面是非常有用的。當(dāng)學(xué)生來到人才市場，雇主很注重工作經(jīng)驗，社會實踐就屬于工作經(jīng)驗，它能幫助學(xué)生脫穎而出，贏得面試的機會。雇主覺得你可以應(yīng)對一些狀況，因為你有社會經(jīng)驗。Thereisnodoubtthatstudentsshouldjointhesocialpractice,itisveryusefultohelpstudentsinimprovingtheirabilityandgainingthejobinterview.毫無疑問，學(xué)生應(yīng)該參加社會實踐，它在提高學(xué)生能力和贏得工作面試方面很有用。一篇theSocialPracticeInChina,everycollegeorganizesasocialpracticeactivityforitsstudentsduringholidays.Somestudentsgointoacompanytoknowabouthowitruns.Someputthemselvesinacommunity,doingsomevoluntarywork.Othersworkasatutor,makingmoneyfortheirschoolings.Allofthesewoulddothemgood.First,theycangainsomeabilitiesandskillsfromthepractice.Second,theyareabletohaveabetterunderstandingoftheoutsideworld.Third,somestudentscanearnsomemoney.Hower,weshouldmakeitclearthatouraimistocontactwiththesociety.So,weshouldnotexpecttoomuchofit.Besides,weshouldobeytherulesthere.DirectionsForthispart,youareallowedtowriteacompositiononthetopic“ShouldJaywalkers（亂穿馬路的人）BeFined?”.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbasedontheoutlinebelow.Itiscommontoseepedestrianscrossinginthemiddleofastreetorignoringatrafficlight.Themeasureoffiningjaywalkershasprovokedwidespreadcontroversy.Howtoresolvetheproblem?ShouldJaywalkersBeFined?Itiscommontoseepedestrianscrossinginthemiddleofastreetorignoringatrafficlight,deliberatelyorunconsciously,especiallyinsmallandmedium-sizedcities.Twodecadesago,therewerefewcars,andthetrafficlawswereinadequate.Therefore,peopledevelopedthemind-setthattheywillnotbepunishedforthiscommonbehaviorandthatthereisnothingwronginjaywalking.However,nowadays,withtherapidincreaseinthenumberofvehicles,jaywalkershavebecomeoneoftChineseStyleofCrossingRoadThesedaysthephrase“Chinesestyle”becomeprevailingontheInternet.AndthetopicofChineseStyleofCrossingRoadespeciallyhotdiscussedalloverthenation.TheoriginalcauseisthatBeijingtrafficChiefvowedtocrackdownonjaywalkers.Hesaidpeoplewhodonotwaitforthegreenlighttocrosstheintersectionwillreceiveon-the-spotfinesof10yuan.Inordertosupportit,policesinZhejiangProvincebegantofinethejaywalkerswhosereflectonthefinewassharedbynetcitizenslater.ActuallyChinesestyleofCrossingRoadisconcernedbycitizensformanyyears.Therearemain2reasonsaccountforit.Foronething,astherhythmofpeople’slifeisspeedingup,moreandmorepeoplebecome”Fast”orimpatient.Theyevencan,twaitforsecondstillthetrafficlightallowingthemcrossingroad.Foranother,peoplelikelytofollow“thepowerofunity”ratherthantheruleofgovernment.Peopleoncecrosstheroadwithoutregardofthetrafficlightsaslongasthereisabigenoughcrowdforthemtocross.AsfarasIconcern,ChinesestyleofcrossingroadisnotjustamoralproblembutalsoacaseofPandorawhichbringsouttrafficjamsandtrafficaccidents.Whenjaywalkerliftoneoftheirfeet,theyneverremindthemselvesthatwhattheyaregoingtodomayleadtensorhundredsofcarswaitingforthemandwastmorethantensorhundredstimesoftheirseconds.Whatiswore,itmayleadatragedy.Thewholetrafficislikeachessgame,everyoneinthetrafficnetisgenerallyconnected.Tocracktheproblemasawhole,firstly,asforthegovernment,theyshouldstrengthentheeducationofeachcitizenbyallmeans,fromschooleducationtoadvertisements,etc.Secondly,asforthecitizens,everyoneshouldknowcrossingtheroadaccordingtothetrafficistheirbasicresponsibility.Anyonetrytoviolatetheruleswillbepunished.Thirdly,inordertoforcethecitizenstoobey,policemenshouldbesenttoinspectbeforethecitizensgetusedtothegoodhabit.So,everyone,justwaitforseconds,andyouwillseeabettercity,abetterChina.Letsdo.SayNotoJaywalkingOnewillneverfailtonoticethefactthatnowadaysjaywalkinghasturnedfromanillegalpracticeintoacommonplaceoneinmanycitiesofourcountry.Accordingtoarecentpoll,morethan80%ofthepeoplesurveyedadmittedtheyhadoncedoneso.Whataresomeofthefactorsinvolvedandmeasuresweshouldtaketocopewiththisproblem?Jaywalkingoriginatesfromageneralslackeningofself-disciplinewitheverydaybehavior.Manycitizensregarditasaminorissueandhavenoideathatitisactuallyagainstthetrafficlaw.Meanwhile,thelawsandregulationsarefarfrombeingfullyobservedinapracticalsense.Alltheseleadtothefrequentoccurrenceofjaywalking.Jaywalkingisfarfromaminorbadhabitbutafactforbiddenbylaw,sotheoffendersshouldbepunishedwhentheyarecaught.However,itismyownpersonalviewthatpreventionisbetterthancureandsoagoodeducationprogramabouttheobservationoftrafficregulationisoneofthemostimportantstepsanygovernmentshouldtake.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?YoushouldwriteatLeast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:.名校校園正成為旅游新熱點.校園是否應(yīng)對游客開放，人們看法不同.我認為…UniversityCampusBeOpentoTouristsUniversityisstudents’fightgoal,enteringtheuniversitymeansthepromisingfutureforstudents.Inmostuniversitycampus,thesceneryisverybeautiful,somecampusareeventhehottouristsites.LikeCambridgeandOxford,manypeoplegotheretohavealookatthebeautifulsites.Campusseemtobetheopentotouristsites,Ithinkitisnotgoodtobeopen.大學(xué)是學(xué)生奮斗的目標，進入大學(xué)對學(xué)生來說意味著有一個光明的未來。在大部分大學(xué)校園里，風(fēng)景是很漂亮的，一些大學(xué)校園甚至成為熱門的旅游景點。比如劍橋和牛津，很多人去那里只為看一眼美麗的風(fēng)景。大學(xué)校園似乎對旅客開放，我覺得開放是不好的。Ontheonehand,whentouristscome,therewillbealotof

rubbish.Wealwayshearaboutthenewsthatinthetouristsites,

manyrubbishareleft,whichmakesthesitespolluted.University

campusaretheplacesforstudentstostudy,theplacesshouldbe

cleanandquiet.一方面，當(dāng)游客來到校園，就會帶來很多的垃圾。我們總是聽到這樣的新聞，在一些旅游景點，留下了很多垃圾，使得景點受到了污染。大學(xué)校園是給學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的地方，應(yīng)該是干凈和安靜的。Ontheotherhand,whencampusisopentothetourists,itmeansanyonecangointotheschool,itwillbenotsafetostudents.Somebadpeoplewillpretendtobethetouristsandgointothe

campustostealthings.Somestudentswillfightagainstthebad

guysandwillgethurt.Openingthecampusgivesthebadguys

thechancetomakecrime.另一方面，當(dāng)大學(xué)校園對游客開放，意味著任何人都可以進入校園，對于學(xué)生來說很不安全。一些不懷好意的人會假裝成游客，進入到校園來偷竊。一些學(xué)生會和歹徒搏斗，傷到自己。開放校園給壞人帶來了犯罪的機會。Universitycampusshouldbecleanandquietforstudentstolearnknowledge.Studentsalsoneedasafeenvironment.Soitisnotgoodtoopentheuniversityfortourists.大學(xué)校園應(yīng)該是干凈和安靜的，有利于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)知識。學(xué)生也需要一個安全的環(huán)境。所以大學(xué)校園對旅客開放是不好的。

〔參考作文〕ShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?〔參看范文一〕Onecanalwaysfindvisitorstakingpicturesandenjoyingthesceneryin

universitycompus.DuringtheMayDayHoliday,NationalDay

Holiday,summerandwintervacations,manyUniversitycampusesbecome

populartouristsites.Inmyopinion,universitycampusshouldbeopento

tourists.Infact,therearemanyroyalgardensandparks,allofthemobviouslybetterthanthesceneryintheUniversities.Whydoyouthinkpeopleprefervisitingherewiththeirchildren?ThatisbecauseitisadreamgoalformanyChineseparentsandyoungambitiousstudents.Besidesthis,asmoretouristscometovisituniversities,theseuniversitiescanwidentheirinfluenceaswellandtheycanalsomakesomeprofitfromthetourism.Inaword,Ithinktheuniversitycompusshouldbeopentothetourists

〔參看范文二〕Inuniversitycompus,especiallyinsomefamousones,suchasPeking

UniversityandQinghuaUniversity,touristsarealwaysseenlookingaround

everywhere.Althoughmostofthemvisitwithhopeandrepect,Ithink

universitycompusshouldnotbeopentotourists.First,tourists'visitwilldisturbthenormalteaching.Theyalwaysgetinto

teachingbuildings,librariesandsoon.Theywillmakenoiseandthrow

rubbisheverywhere.Second,sometouriststramplegrasstotake

photos,andsculptureontreestoleavewords.Thesewillaffectthe

environmentofthecompusbadly.Theuniversityisaholyplaceforstudy,notfortourism.SoItshouldnotbeopen.ShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?Nowadays,withthedevelopmentofsocietyandeconomyandthe

improvementofpeople'slivingstandard,tourismhasgrowntobeanew

boomingindustry.Placeswithdifferentstylesoftouristresourceshave

becometouristdestinations,amongwhichthecampusesofprestigious

universitiesturnouttobeanewfocus.Opinionsonwhethertheuniversitycampusesshouldbeopentotouristsvaryfromindividualtoindividual.Proponentsputforwardthefollowingtworesons.First,withthecomingofgreatnumbersoftourists,universitiesmayobtainalotofmoneytorenewandmodernizeteachingbuildingsandotherteachingfacilities,consequentlyimprovethewholecampusenvironment.Second,youngchildren,whenabsorbedinthenobleandsacredatmosphere,maybestimulatedtoworkevenhardertorealizetheirdreamofattendinguniversities.Opponentsholdthattheinflowingoftouristsmaybeadisturbancetothenormalteachingactivities.Everyadvantagehasitsdisadvantage.Inmyviewpoint,thebenefits

outweighthedrawbacksonthecomditionthatpropervisitingtimeis

scheduled.Anywayuniversitiesshouldnotonlybeanivorytowertocollegestudents,butalseatouristattractiontoallpeople.Nowadays,manyfamousuniversitycampuseshavebecomeoneofthe

populartouristattraction.IthasbeenshownonTVandontheradiothat

everyyearthousandsandthousandsofmiddleschoolstudentsvisitTsingHuaUniversityandPekingUniversityandotherfamousuniversitiesin

China.Intheplacefarawayfromthecapitalcity,thelocalstudentsalsovisit

theuniversitiesfamousintheirownprovince.sofarasthepresentsituation

isconcerned,isitagoodorbadthingtoopentheuniversitycampusfor

tourists?Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Ononehand,some

peoplearguedthatitisagoodthingforthestudentstovisitthefamous

universitycampu