職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類完型填空題

職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類完型填空題附答案職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類完型填空題附答案職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類完型填空題附答案【經(jīng)典資料，ＷＯＲＤ文檔，可編寫改正】【經(jīng)典考試資料，答案附后，看后必過，ＷＯＲＤ文檔，可改正】閱讀理解WhoWanttoLiveForeverIfyourdoctorcouldgiveyouadrugthatwouldletyouliveahealthylifefortwiceaslong，wouldyoutakeitThegoodnewsisthatwemaybedrawingneartothatdate，Scientistshavealreadyextendedthelivesofflies，wormsandmiceinlaboratories.Manynowthinkthatusinggenetictreatmentswewillsoonbeabletoextendhumanlifetoatleast140years.Thisseemsagreatidea.Thinkofhowmuchmoretimewecouldspendchasingourdreams，spendingtimewithourlovedones，watchingourfamiliesgrowandhavefamiliesoftheirown."LongerlifewouldgiveusachancetorecoverfromourGregoryStockoftheUniversityOfCaliforniaSchoolOfaddingtotheyearwecanwork."

mistakesandpromotelongtermthinking,"saysDrPublicHealth."ItwouldalsoraiseproductivitybyLongerlivesdon'tjustaffectthepeoplewholivethem.Theyalsoaffectsocietyasawhole."Wehavewar，poverty，allsortsofissuesaround，andIdon'tthinkanyofthemwouldbeatallhelpedbyhavingpeoplelivelonger,"saysUSbioethicistDanielCallahan."Thequestionis'Whatwillwegetasasociety'Isuspectitwon'tbeabettersociety."Itwouldcertainlybeaverydifferentsociety.Peoplearealreadyfindingitmoredifficulttostaymarried.Divorceratesarerising.Whatwouldhappentomarriageinasocietywherepeoplelivedfor140yearsAndwhatwouldhappentofamilylifeifnineor10generationsofthesamefamilywereallaliveatthesametimeResearchintoageingmayenablewomentoremainfertileforlonger.Andthatraisestheprospectofhaving100-year-oldparents，orbrothersandsistersborn50yearsapart.Wethinkofaneldersiblingassomeonewhocanprotectusandofferhelpandadvice.Thatwouldbehardtodoifthatsiblingcamefromacompletelydifferentgeneration.Workinglifewouldalsobeaffected，especiallyiftheretirementagewaslifted.Morepeoplewouldstayinworkforlonger.Thatwouldgiveusthebenefitsofage-skill，wisdomandgoodjudgment.Ontheotherhand，morepeopleworkingforlongerwouldcreategreatercompetitionforjobs.Itwouldmakeitmoredifficultforyoungerpeopletofindajob.Toppostswouldbedominatedbythesamefewindividuals，makingcareerprogressmoredifficult.Andhoweasilywoulda25-year-oldemployeebeabletocommunicatewitha125-year-oldbossYoungpeoplewouldbeasmallerpartofasocietyinwhichpeoplelivedto140.Itmaybethatsuchasocietywouldplacelessimportanceonguidingandeducatingyoungpeople，andmoreonmakinglifecomfortablefortheold.Andsocietywouldfeelverydifferentifmoreofitsmemberswereolder.Therewouldbemorewisdom，butlessenergy.Youngpeopleliketomoveabout.Oldpeopleliketositstill.Youngpeopletendtoactwithoutthinking.Oldpeopletendtothinkwithoutacting.Youngpeoplearecuriousandliketoexperiencedifferentthings.Oldpeoplearelessenthusiasticaboutchange.Infact，theyarelessenthusiasticabouteverything.Theeffectofanti-ageingtechnologyisdeeperthanwemightthink.Butasthescienceadvances，weneedtothinkaboutthesechangesnow."Ifthiscouldeverhappen，thenwe'dbetteraskwhatkindofsocietywewanttoget，"saysDanielCallahan."Wehadbetternotgoanywherenearituntilwehavefigurethoseproblemsout."詞匯:mice/mais/n.老鼠(復(fù)數(shù))sibling/'sibli/n.兄弟姐妹bioethicist生物倫理學(xué)家說明:1.brothersandsistersborn50yearsapart出生年份相隔50年的兄弟姐妹2.Wehadbetternotgoanywherenearit我們最好離它遠(yuǎn)點，這里的it指代前面講的anti-ageingtechnology.譯文誰想長生若是你的醫(yī)生能給你一種藥，這個藥能讓你健康的活兩倍長的時間，你會服用嗎好信息是我們離這日越來越近了?？茖W(xué)家已經(jīng)在實驗中延長了蒼蠅、螨蟲和老鼠的壽命。好多人認(rèn)為，采用基因療法，我們很快就能將人類的壽命延長到最少140年。這獠似一個好想法。想想我們將會延長多少時間來追趕我們的夢想、與愛人廝守、猾著我們并組成他們自己的家庭。

的孩子成長加州大學(xué)公共健康學(xué)院的格里戈里斯托克博士認(rèn)為：“長壽能使我們有機(jī)遇改正錯誤，劃。同時，長壽還延長了人的工作時間,從而使生產(chǎn)力獲取提髙。"

亦能促使人從長計長壽不但會影響到壽命延長的這個人的生活，還會影響到整個社會。"戰(zhàn)爭、貧困，所有這類問題都確實存在著，而我認(rèn)為延長人的海命其實不能夠緩解這些問題美國的生命倫理學(xué)家丹尼爾卡拉漢如是說，“我們應(yīng)該考慮的是‘長壽將給我們的社會帶來什么’我想那將不是一個更好的社會。”自然，那將是一個特別不相同的社會。此刻的人們已經(jīng)感覺保持一段婚姻比過去更加困難。離婚率在不斷上升。若是一個社會里的人都能活到140歲，那時候的婚姻將是什么樣的呢若是一個家庭里同時生活著九或十代人，那樣的家庭生活又將是怎樣的一種悄景呢對老齡化的研究有可能延長女性的育齡。那樣的話，即可能出現(xiàn)百歲的父親母親，也許年齡相差姐妹。其實我們是希望W舟或姐姐能夠恩賜我們幫助、建講和保護(hù)，但是若是他們厲

50歲的兄弟于另一個完好不相同的年代，就很難做到這些。長壽也將影響到人的職業(yè)生涯，特別是退休年齡被推后了。更多的人將工作更長的時間。這能帶給我們年齡上的優(yōu)勢：熟練的技術(shù)、智蒽以及正確的判斷。而另一方面，更多的人工作更長的時間將使求職的競爭更加激烈。年輊人更難找到工作。永遠(yuǎn)是少許的那幾個人據(jù)有聹商端職位，這使職業(yè)發(fā)展更加困難。想象一下：一個25歲的員工在與125歲的老板溝通時將遇到怎樣的困難在一個人的壽命長達(dá)140年的社會，年輕人將是一個很小的人群。因此，這樣的社會很可能不會太看重對年輕人的教育和引導(dǎo)，反而會更重視改進(jìn)老年人的生活質(zhì)世。若是一個社會的絕大多數(shù)是老年人，它將給人帶來很不相同的感覺。它更有智蒽，卻缺乏活力。年輕人喜動，老年人喜靜；年輕人做事缺乏思慮，老年人愛思慮卻缺乏行動；年輕人好奇心強并可望有不相同的體驗，老年人對變化缺乏熱情，事實上，他們是對所有的事都缺乏熱佾。“逆老齡化”技術(shù)所產(chǎn)生的影響比我們想象的要深遠(yuǎn)。而隨巷科技的進(jìn)步，我們此刻就需要去考慮這些改變?！叭羰沁@個手術(shù)有一天能實現(xiàn)，我們最好問問自己想獲取一個怎樣的社會,"丹尼爾卡拉漢說，“在想清楚這些問題從前，我們最好不要開始著手做這件事?！本毩?xí):1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthethingsthatlivinglongermightenableanindividualtodo？A．Spendingmoretimewithhisfamily.B．Havingmoreeducation.C．Realizingmoredreams.D．Workinglonger.2.Whichofthefollowingisimpliedinthesixthparagraph？A．MarriagesintheUStodayarequiteunstable.B．MoreandmorepeopleintheUStodaywanttogetmarried.C．Livinglongerwouldmakeiteasierforpeopletomaintaintheirmaritalties.D．Ifpeoplelivelonger，theywouldstayinmarriagelonger.3.AllofthefollowingarepossibleeffectslivinglongermighthaveonworkinglifeEXCEPTA．Communicationbetweenemployersandemployeeswouldbemoredifficult.B．Moremoneywouldbeusedbyemployeesinpaymentoftheiremployees.C．Thejobmarketwouldbemorecompetitive.D．Itwouldbemoredifficultforyoungpeopletobepromotedtotoppositions.4.AnimportantfeatureofasocietyinwhichpeoplelivealonglifeisthatA．itplacesmoreemphasisoneducatingtheyoung.B．itisbothwiseandenergetic.C．itlacksthecuriositytoexperimentwhatisnew.D．itwelcomeschanges.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCallahan'sattitudetoanti-ageingtechnology？A．Optimistic.B．Pessimistic.C．Reserved.D．Negative.答案與題解：1.B長壽使個人能做的事主要在第三、四段里講到，作者沒有提到長壽能夠讓人更多地接受教育。2.A本題答案以下面的這兩句話為依照:Peoplearealreadyfindingitmoredifficulttostaymarried.Divorceratesarerising.表示美國人目前的婚姻關(guān)系已經(jīng)十分纖弱。3.B文章的第九段講了壽命延長、退休推遲可能帶來的各種問題，但作者沒有提到聘用者需要更多的錢來支付員工的薪水。4.C答案能夠在第十、十一這兩段里找到。5.C本題的答案依照能夠在最后一段里找到。Callahan認(rèn)為在搞清楚長壽社會會給我們帶來哪些問題從前，最好不要急著搞抗衰老的技術(shù)?？梢娝购馑ダ霞夹g(shù)的發(fā)展是有保留的。SomePeopleDoNotTasteSaltLikeOthersLow-saltfoodsmaybeharderforsomepeopletolikethanothers，accordingtoastudybyaPennStateCollegeofAgriculturalSciencesfoodscientist.Theresearchindicatesthatgeneticfactorsinf1uencesomeofthedifferenceinthelevelsofsaltweliketoeat.Thoseconclusionsareimportantbecauserecent，well-publicizedeffortstoreducethesaltcontentinfoodhaveleftmanypeoplestrugglingtoacceptfarethatsimplydoesnottasteasgoodtothemasitdoestoothers，pointedoutJohnHayes，assistantprofessoroffoodscience，whowasleadinvestigatoronthestudy.Dietshighinsaltcanincreasetheriskofhighbloodpressureandstroke.Thatiswhypublichealthexpertsandfoodcompaniesareworkingtogetheronwaystohelpconsumerslowersaltintakethroughfoodsthatareenjoyabletoeat.Thisstudyincreasesunderstandingofsaltpreferenceandconsumption.Theresearchinvolved87carefullyscreenedparticipantswhosampledsaltyfoodssuchassoupandchips，onmultipleoccasions，spreadoutoverweeks.Testsubjectswere45menand42women，reportedlyhealthy，ranginginagefrom20to40years.Thesamplewascomposedofindividualswhowerenotactivelymodifyingtheirdietaryintakeanddidnotsmokecigarettes.Theyratedtheintensityoftasteonacommonlyusedscientificscale，rangingfrombarelydetectabletostrongestsensationofanykind."Mostofuslikethetasteofsalt.However，someindividualseatmoresalt，bothbecausetheylikethetasteofsaltinessmore，andalsobecauseitisneededtoblockotherunpleasanttastesinfood."saidHayes."Supertasters，peoplewhoexperiencetastesmoreintensely，consumemoresaltthandonontasters.Snackfoodshavesaltinessastheirprimaryflavor，andatleastforthesefoods，moreisbetter，sothesupertastersseemtolikethemmore."However，supertastersalsoneedhigherlevelsofsalttoblockunpleasantbittertastesinfoodssuchascheese，Hayesnoted."Forexample，cheeseisawonderfulblendofdairyflavorsfromfermentedmilk，butalsobittertastesfromripeningthatareblockedbysalt,"hesaid."Asupertasterfindslow-saltcheeseunpleasantbecausethebitternessistoopronounced."Hayescitedresearchdonemorethan75yearsagobyachemistnamedFoxandageneticistnamedBlakeslee，showingthatindividualsdifferintheirabilitytotastecertainchemicals.Asaresult，Hayesexplained，weknowthatawiderangeintasteacuityexists，andthisvariationisasnormalasvariationsineyeandhaircolor."Somepeople，calledsupertasters，describebittercompoundsasbeingextremelybitter，whileothers，callednontasters，findthesesamebittercompoundstobetastelessoronlyweaklybitter."hesaid."Responsetobittercompoundsisoneofmanywaystoidentifybiologicaldifferencesinfoodpreferencebecausesupertastingisnotlimitedtobitterness.":publicize/'pblisaiz/v.引起公眾?的注意;(用廣告)宣dietary/'daiteri/adj.食的;定食品的ferment/'f:ment/v.(使)酵geneticist/di'netisist/n.學(xué)家acuity/'kju:iti/n.敏;尖注:1.PennStateCollegeofAgriculturalSciences:即PennStateUniversity-CollegeofAgriculturalSciences州州立大學(xué)學(xué)院。Penn是Pennsylvania的寫，是美國夕法尼州州名。州州立大學(xué)建于1855年，在全國共有24個分校。在句中，PennStateCollegeofAgriculturalSciences用作定，修foodscientist。2.well-publicizedeffortstoreducethesaltcontentinfood:有關(guān)減少食品含量的大力宣的做法.3.leftmanypeoplestrugglingtoacceptfarethatsimplydoesnottasteasgoodtothemasitdoestoothers:使得多人努力去接受合適其他人而不合適他口味的食品。fare相當(dāng)于food。4.leadinvestigator:研目人5.?carefullyscreenedparticipantswhosampledsaltyfoodsassoupandchips，onmultipleoccasion，spreadoutoverweeks:??仔的參加者，他在幾周內(nèi)的不相同里品加了的食品，如和薯條。6.toopronounced:此pronounced形容，意verynoticeable，conspicuous(明的，著的)。7.supertasting：超重味感文：咸度味感因人而異州州立大學(xué)學(xué)院食品科學(xué)家行的一研究表示，

有些人很喜含量低的食品。

研究指出，因素致我咸度的不相同喜好。研究人、食品科學(xué)副教授翰·海斯指出，些特別重要，因近期減少食品含量的大力宣使得多人努力去接受合適其他人而不合適自己口味的食品。含量高的食會增加高血和中的，就是公共健康家和食品公司共同努力、通可口的食品幫助消者減少入量的原因。研究令人更加理解的喜好和入的差異。研究包括87名仔的參加者，他在幾周的不相同品了和薯條等含食品。參加者包括45名男性和42名女性，身體健康，年在20到40之。參加者不會主改自己的食，吸煙。他通一種常用的科學(xué)量表來區(qū)咸度味感，分“最微味感”到“最烈味感”等。

且不海斯，“大多數(shù)人都喜的味道。但是，有些人吃多，不是因他更喜咸味，也因他需要咸味來掩飾食品其他的味道?？谖冻氐娜吮瓤谖镀接沟娜撕馁Y更多的。因快餐食品的主要味道就是咸味，而且咸度越高，味道越好，因此口味超重的人更喜快餐。”海斯提到，口味超重的人需要來掩飾奶酪等食品中的苦味?！氨确?，奶酪是牛奶味和酵苦味的圓滿合，而能夠掩飾苦味?？谖冻氐娜瞬幌驳湍汤遥蚩辔短髁?。”海斯出了化學(xué)家?？怂购蛯W(xué)家布雷克斯里75年前行的研究，研究表示，人品特定化學(xué)制品的能力是不相同的。海斯解，由此我知道每個人的味敏度是不相同的，一差異和眼睛色的差異一正常。海斯，“口味超重的人得苦味混雜物特別之苦，而口味平庸的人會得同的苦味混雜物沒有味道，或稍微有些苦。苦味混雜物的反可是確定在食品偏好方面生物差其他眾多方法之一，因口味超重的人不能是苦味敏感。”練習(xí):Inparagraph2，JohnHayespointsoutthatAitisgoodtohealthtoeatfoodwithoutsalt.Bmanypeoplerejectlow-saltfoodcompletely.Cmanypeopleacceptlow-salttastelessfoodreluctantlyDfoodwithreducedsalttastesbetter.2.ThefourthparagraphdescribesbrieflyA.howtoselectsubjectsandwhattodointheresearch.B.howtoidentifysupertastersandnontasters.C.whytolimitthenumberofsubjectsto87persons.D.whytoselectmoremalesubjectsthanfemaleones.3.ThearticlearguesthatsupertastersAlikethetasteofsaltinesstoblocksweettastesinfood.Blikesnackfoodsassaltinessistheirprimaryflavor.Cconsumelesssaltbecausetheydon'tlikeintensivetastes.Dliketosharesaltycheesewithnontasters.4.WhichofthefollowingappliestosupertastersintermsofbittertasteATheylikebitternessinfoodsaswellassaltiness.BTheylikehigh-saltcheeseasithasintensebittertaste.

？CTheypreferhigh-saltcheese，whichtasteslessbitter.DTheypreferhigh-saltcheeseasitisgoodtohealth.5.WhatmessagedothelasttwoparagraphscarryA.Tasteacuityisgeneticallydetermined.B.Tasteacuityisdevelopedovertimeafterbirth.CTasteacuityisrelatedtoone'seyeandhaircolor.DTasteacuityisstillamysterioussubjectinscience.

？答案與解:1.C依照短文的第二段內(nèi)容，好多人因食品中的含量降低，因此必做出很大努力(struggling)去適，而低食品于他來，口味很不好(farethatsimplydoesnottaste?goodtothem)。C有acceptreluctantly(勉接受)表達(dá)了意思，因此是正確的。A、B、D三個均是的。2.A第四段介了科學(xué)家是怎樣研究的，它包括了研究象的人數(shù)、性、人條件、咸度味感分表等。A概括了方面的內(nèi)容，因此是答案。而B、C、D所述內(nèi)容均不吻合段的意思。3.B短文的第五段供應(yīng)了答案。supertaster在里的意思是:口味重的人，在本文中，nontaster是其反，即，口味清的人。段告我，口味重的人耗資更多的;因快餐食品的主要味道就是咸味，而且咸度越高，口味越好，因此口味重的人快餐偏。B表達(dá)了上述內(nèi)容，因此是答案。4.C短文第六段供應(yīng)了答案。段告我，奶醋酵會生苦味，supertasters不喜苦味，而高含量能夠遮住奶酷里的苦，是他偏高奶酷的原因。因此，只有C是正確。5.A文章第七段中，Hayes引用了75年前一位學(xué)家的。從中，Hayes得出的是，Tasteacuity(味敏度)上的差異與他和眼睛的色上的差異是同一象，也就是，都是與生俱來的。第八段又，是一種biologicaldifference(生物差異)，因此A是答案。B味敏'度是后天形成的，然與作者的相左。C味敏度的差異與和眼睛的色上的差異有關(guān)，然是的。D的內(nèi)容在最后兩段都沒有提到，因此不會是答案。完型填空DreamsEveryonecandream．Indeed,everyonedoesdream．Thosewho1thattheyneverdreamatallactuallydream2asfrequentlyastherestofus,3theymaynotrememberanythingaboutit．Eventhoseofuswhoareperfectly4ofdreamingnight5nightveryseldomrememberthosedreamsin6detailbutmerelyretainanuntidymixtureofseeminglyunrelatedimpressions.Dreamsarenotsimplyvisual-wedreamwithallour7,sothatweappeartoexperiencesound,touch,smell,andtaste．Oneoftheworld'soldest8writtendocumentsistheEgyptianBookofDreams．Thisvolumeisaboutfivethousandyearsold,soyoucan9thatdreamswerebelievedtohaveaspecialsignificanceeventhen．Manyancientcivilizationsbelievedthatyou10neveraskasleepingpersonas,duringsleep,thesoulhadleftthebodyandmightnotbeabletoreturn11timeifthesleeperweresuddenly12.Fromancienttimestothepresent13,peoplehavebeen14attemptstointerpretdreamsandtoexplaintheirsignificance．Therearemanybooksavailableonthesubjectofdreaminterpretation．a(chǎn)lthoughunfortunatelytherearealmostasmanymeaningsforaparticulardream15therearebooks．：Frequently/'fri:kwntli/adv.

常，屢次；繁地，常地Significance/significance/n.

重要性，意civilization/,sivilai'zein,/n.

文明，文化interpret/in't:prit/vt.

解，明

口interpretation/in,t:pri'tein/n.

解，口seldom/'seldm/adv.

很少，不常retain/ri'tein/vt.

保持；雇；住注:1....veryseldomrememberthosedreamsindetailbutmerelyretainanuntidymixture.....but..不??而是??2.Fromancienttimestothepresent...從古到此刻??：demandBpromiseCagreeDclaimalsoBjustConlyDquitethoughBbesidesChoweverDdespitefamiliarBaccustomedCawareDusedafterBonCthroughDovergreatBhighCstrongDdeepfeelingsBemotionsCimpressionsDsensesconsideredBknownCregardedDstimatedseeBfeelCensureDthinkwouldBoughtCshouldDneedbyBinCwithDforawokeBawokenCawakeDawakenminuteBhourCmomentDdaydoingBputtingCmakingDtakingasBlikeCsoDsuch答案與解:1.D里是一個復(fù)合從句，缺的部分是后從句的一個成分。依照后從句的內(nèi)容"neverdreamatall"，能夠判斷此是claim，聲稱。demand，promise，agree都有后的不符。-2.Basfrequentlyas已表達(dá)了"同"的意思，因此also不吻合一空。quite不能夠用來修as...as的，而依照上下午的境，里是"好，恰巧”因此最正確答案是Just。3.A依照上下文的-境，能夠判斷出一空所接的前后兩個句子有折的關(guān)系，而且后一句條件，despite與though都能夠表示."然，盡管"的意思，但是despite是做介是才有"然，盡管"的意思，此缺的是一個接，因此只能用though..4.C四個中，只有aware能夠與of搭配，策示"意到'，accustomed平時與to搭配，表示于，同usedto也表示于。而familiar平時與with搭配，表示"?熟悉"。從與搭配兩個面來看，最合適的都是aware.5.Anightafternight"一夜又一夜"，固定搭配。同的構(gòu)有yearafteryear，dayafterday，weekafterweek。相似的構(gòu)有daybyday，"每天，一每天";yearbyyear，"逐年，一年年.6.A此是在indetail一表達(dá)中間增加了一個形容，來表示致的程度。high表示高度的化，strong是度，deep是深度，用來表示致都不合適。因此用great，ingreatdetail，表示致入微，描述得淋漓盡致。7.D從前的visual，以及后的sound，touch，smell，taste些能夠看出，里指的是人所有的各種感官的感。感官叫做senseorgan，因此各種的感平時都用sense來表示。8.B依照上下文，能夠此是在描述一個事。因此第一消除estimated"估"，而本最古老的是已被定7的，因此regard，consider都不合適，因此，最正確答案是known，目前所知的。9.A此是通從前文所描述的一個事，能夠我到個空后所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。因此不是feel，think.也不是我確，而可是，因此也不是ensured，而是see。C依照上下文的境，能夠判斷出此表達(dá)的是不能夠，不叫醒睡夢中的人。第一消除need，其他ought平時跟to一使用，因此也不能能。而would更should兩者對照，后者的程度更深，更吻合個境。11.B此是及的意思，intime，固定搭配。12.B此察看的是被，與awake的形。里是被叫醒，因此A和C都消除了，表示被而且形式又正確的是Bawoken.13.D里表達(dá)的是從古到今的意思，平時都用一些的看法，minute，moment表示的比詳盡。所以用day比合適。14.C此所表達(dá)的是人素來在，"，"平時直接用attemptto，也許用makeattemptsto，固定搭配。15.Aas...as句式，這里所表達(dá)的前后相同是指書的數(shù)目，與書中對夢講解的數(shù)目的一致性。AHealthProfileAHealthprofileisaportraitofallofthefactorsthatinfluenceyourhealth．Todrawyourhealthprofile，youwill1whatdiseasesruninyourfamily，whathealthhazardsyoumaybeexposedto2work,owyourdaily3comparestotherecommendedstandards，hownluchtimeperweekyou4exercisingandwhattypeofexerciseyouengage5,howstressfulyourworkandfamilyenvironmentsare，whatkindsofillnessesyougetregularly,and6ornotyouhaveanyoneofanumberofaddictions.7thisportrait,youshouldhaveacheckuptodeterminehowyourblood，heart，andlungsarecheckupwillserve8abaseline,towhichyoucanthencomparelatertests．9thisprofileisthoroughlydrawn，youcanbegintothinkaboutsettinghealthprioritiesbased10yourparticularportrait．Forexample，ifyoudrinktwomartiniseveryevening,haveahigh-stress11,areoverweight，smokeapackofcigarettesaday,andusemarijuanaoccasionallyonweekends，youshouldquitsmokingfirst，followed12losingtheexcessweight，reducingthestressofyourjob，givingupyourmarihuanahabit，andthenfinallygiveingsome13tothosemartinisifyouwanttopreventfirstcancer，andthenheartdisease．Evenfortheyouthfulworkingpersonwhohasneverbeensickadayinhislife,whois14excellenthealth．a(chǎn)goodlookatallhealthhabitsandatworkandhomeenvironmentsmaysuggestchangesthatwill15himinthefuture．練習(xí)：knowBhaveknownCneedknowDneedtoknowwithBinConDatdietBmealsCfoodDdinneruseBdevoteCspendDtakeonBinCwithDaboutifBwhetherCeitherDneitherTocompleteBCompletingCCompletionDTobecompletedasBforConDaboutUnlessBOnceCIfDAlthougharoundBwithCaboutD0nworkBtaskCjobDplaceonBwithCafterDbythoughtBideaCthinkingDtalkforBinCwithDonreapBharvestCbenefitDleadLifeExpectancyintheLastHundredYearsAhundredyearsago，lifeexpectancyindevelopedcountrieswasabout47:intheearly21stcentury,menintheUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdomcanexpecttolivetoabout74.Womentoabout80,andthese_____l_____arerisingallthetime.Whathasbrought_____2_____thesechangesWhenwelookatthelife_____3_____ofpeoplel00yearsago,weneedtolookatthegreatest_____4_____ofthetime.Intheearly20thcentury,theseweretheacuteandoften_____3_____infectiousdiseasessuchassmallpox.Manychildrendiedveryyoungfromthesediseasesandothers,andtheweakandelderlywerealwaysatrisk.Inthe_____6_____worldthesediseasesarefar_____7_____today,andinsomecaseshavealmostdisappeared.Anumberof_____8_____haveledtothis:improvementsinsanitationandhygiene,thediscoveryanduseofantibiotics,which_____9_____bacterialdiseasesmuchlessdangerous,andvaccinations_____l0_____common,people'sgeneralhealthhasimprovedwithimprovementsinourgeneralenvironment:cleanerair,bettermeansofpreservingfood，betterandwarmerhousing，andbetterunderstandingofnutrition.Genetically，weshouldallbeabletolivetoabout85but_____l2_____peopledolivelongertoday,therearestillsomebigkillersaroundthatarepreventingUSfromconsistentlyreachingthatage.Theproblemsthataffectpeopletodayarethemorechronicillnesses,suchasheartdiseaseandstrokes,andthose_____l3_____byviruses,suchasinfluenzaandAIDSl.Ofcourse,cancerisahugekilleraswell.Inmostcasesthesediseasesaffect_____l4___