中國落實(shí)國家自主貢獻(xiàn)目標(biāo)進(jìn)展報(bào)告（2022） Progress on the Implementation of Chinas Nationally Determined Contributions

(UNOFFICIALTRANSLATION)

ProgressontheImplementationof

China’sNationallyDetermined

Contributions(2022)

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1Thisisanunofficialtranslation.Incaseofanydivergence,theofficialtextintheChineselanguageshallprevail.

Contents

1.China’sNewArrangementsandMeasurestoAchieveNDCtargets 1

1.1LeadingaComprehensiveGreenTransformationofEconomyandSociety

withCarbonDioxidePeakingandCarbonNeutrality 1

1.2ImprovingthePolicySystem 3

1.3StrengtheningStrategicPlanningandInstitutionalDevelopment 4

2.NewAchievementsofControllingGHGEmissionsinKeyAreas 5

2.1GradualImprovementoftheLow-carbonIndustrySystem 5

2.2SustainedImprovementofQualityandEfficiencyinIndustrialSector 6

2.3ContinuousImprovementforGreenandLow-carbonPerformanceinUrban

andRuralConstruction 7

2.4SteepingUpinDevelopingaGreen,Low-carbonTransportSystem 8

2.5ActivelyImprovingEfficiencyandReducingEmissionsinAgriculture 9

2.6ActionforLow-carbonScoiety 10

3.AcceleratedShiftTowardGreenandLow-carbonEnergies 11

3.1RapidDevelopmentofNon-FossilEnergies 11

3.2EffectiveManagementofTotalFossilEnergyConsumption 13

3.3IntensifiedCleanUseofCoal 13

4.ConsolidatedandEnhancedEcosystemCarbonSink 14

4.1ConsolidatingtheEcosystem’sCarbonSequestrationEffect 14

4.2EnhancingBiologicalCarbonSinkCapacity 14

4.3StrengtheningtheGroundworkfortheEcosystem’sCarbonSinkPerformance

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5.LaunchedNationalCarbonTradingMarket 15

5.1MarketOperatinginanOrderlyandStableWay 15

5.2SustainedProgressonInstitutionalConstruction 16

5.3InitialEffectsofCarbonIncentivesandRestraints 16

6.ContinuouslyEnhancedAbilitytoAdapttoClimateChange 17

6.1FormulatingandImplementingtheNewStrategyofClimateChange

Adaptation 17

6.2ContinuouslyImprovingClimateChangeMonitoringandEarlyWarning

System 18

6.3ImprovedClimateChangeAdaptationCapabilityinKeySectors 19

6.4MakingSolidProgressofCitiestoAdapttoClimateChange 19

6.5IncreasingtheAwarenessofClimateChangeAdaptation 20

6.6EnhancedInternationalCooperationonClimateChangeAdaptation 20

7.Conclusion 21

TargetsandprogressofHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegioninResponseto

ClimateChange 22

TargetsandprogressofMacaoSpecialAdministrativeRegioninResponseto

ClimateChange 26

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ChinaupdateditsNationallyDeterminedContributions(NDC)targetsin2020aspertherequirementto“reflectitshighestpossibleambition”underthetermsoftheParisAgreement;subsequentlysubmitteditsupdatedNDCtargetstotheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC)inOctober2021.ToachieverelatedtermsoftheParisAgreement,commitmentsshouldbehonoredandconcreteactionsshouldbeimplemented.China’sprogresstowarditsNDCtargetsispresentedbelow.

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1.China’sNewArrangementsandMeasuresto

AchieveNDCtargets

Chinaimplementsanationalstrategytodealwithclimatechangeactively.TheNDCtargetspresentnotonlyChina’scurrentandfutureeffortstoaddressclimatechange,butalsoaspartofitsresponsibilitytobuildaglobalcommunitywithasharedfuture;itisanimportantwayofpromotingecologicalcivilizationandrealizinghigh-qualitydevelopment.In2015,Chinasetitsnationallydeterminedactionobjectivesby2030.Bytheendof2019,ithaddeliveredonits2020climateactiontargetsaheadofschedule.In2020,ChinaannouncedtheupdatedNDC,namelystrivetocarbondioxidepeakingbefore2030andachievecarbonneutralitybefore2060,loweritscarbondioxideemissionsperunitofGDPbyover65percentfromthe2005level,increasetheshareofnon-fossilfuelsinprimaryenergyconsumptiontoaround25percentby2030,increasetheforeststockby6billionm3fromthe2005levelanditstotalinstalledcapacityofwindandsolarpowertoover1.2billionkWby2030.Asadevelopingcountry,Chinahasmadeitsutmosteffortinresponsetoclimatechangebasedonitsdevelopmentstageandnationalconditions.ChinahasalwaysplacedahighpriorityonimplementingtheNDCtargetsasacrucialsteptopromotethecomprehensivegreenandlow-carbontransformationineconomicandsocialdevelopment.

1.1LeadingaComprehensiveGreenTransformationofEconomy

andSocietywithCarbonDioxidePeakingandCarbonNeutrality

Respondingtoclimatechangeissomethingwemustdo,notsomethingimposeduponusbecauseitistheinherentrequirementforachievingChina’ssustainabledevelopment.Upholdingtheconceptthat“clearwatersandgreenmountainsareinvaluableassets”,Chinahasadoptedacoordinatedapproachtotheprotectionandgovernanceofmountains,rivers,forests,farmland,lakes,grasslands,anddeserts.Chinahassparednoeffortinpromotingecologicaldevelopment,strengtheningpollutioncontrol,andimprovingtheproductionandlivingenvironmentforthepeople.Inthebackdropoftacklingclimatechangeandboostingthepost-pandemiceconomicrecovery,Chinahasincorporatedthegoalsofpeakingcarbondioxideemissionsandachievingcarbon

2ThisreportiscompileduponthenoticefromtheUNFCCCsecretariatdatedApril22toreportChina'sprogressonmeetingitsNDCtargets.

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neutralityinitsoverallplanforecological,economicandsocialdevelopment.Andpushedfortheall-roundgreentransformationoftheeconomyandsocietythroughcoordinatedeffortsofreducingpollutionandcarbonemissionsandincreasinggreengrowth.

Makingcoordinatedeffortstoreducepollutionandcarbonemissions.Synergizingtheeffortstoreducepollutionandcarbonemissionsistheinevitablechoicetoaccomplishtheall-roundgreentransformationofeconomicandsocialdevelopmentinthenewdevelopmentstage.InJune2022,sevenauthorities,includingtheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironment,jointlyissuedtheImplementationPlanforSynergizingReductionofPollutionandCarbonEmission,whichwasanimportantcomponentofthe“1+N”policyframeworkforpeakingcarbondioxideemissionsandachievingcarbonneutrality.Takingthisplanasakeyapproach,Chinahascoordinatedtheworkoncarbondioxidepeaking,carbonneutrality,andeco-environmentalprotectionandbetteralignedthepoliciesoneco-environmentgovernanceandtheenergyindustry.Keepingacloseeyeonthemainsourcesofenvironmentalpollutionandcarbonemission,Chinahasfocusedonareassuchasindustries,urban-ruralconstruction,trafficandtransportation,agriculture,andecologicalworkandrefinedthetechnicalpathsforthegovernanceofair,water,oceans,soil,andsolidwastes.Throughpromotinginnovationmechanisms,introducingpilotinitiatives,andintensifyingsafeguards,Chinahasmademanypracticaleffortstoachievetwostrategictasks–thefundamentalimprovementoftheeco-environmentandcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutrality.

Acceleratingtheformationofaspatiallayoutforgreendevelopment.Chinarespectsnature,leavesthetimeandspacefornaturalecologytorestandrecover,andaimstobuildacommunityoflifeformanandnature.Itimplementsthemostrigorouseco-environmentalprotectionsystem,emphasizestheunderpinningeffectofterritorialspatialplanning,firmlydefendstheboundaryfornaturalandecologicalsecurity,andenhancestheecosystem’scarbonfixationcapability.Thezonedeco-environmentalmanagementandcontrolhavebeentightened,therequirementforzoningandpurposeregulationinterritorialspatialplanshavebeenapplied,andthe“ThreeLinesOnePermit”policy(redlineofecologicalconservation,bottomlineofenvironmentalquality,upperlineofresourceutilization,andtheaccesslistofprojectswitheco-environmentalimpacts)hasbeenexploredandintegratedtoembedcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutrality.TheChineseGovernmenthasinitiatedtobuildanumberofnationalparks,withtheThree-River-SourceNationalPark,HainanTropicalRainforestNationalPark,andWuyishanNationalParkalreadyestablishedinthefirstbatch,etc.,intheefforttobuildtheworld’slargestnationalparksystemwithaviewtokeepingthenaturalecosysteminitsintegrityandentiretywithbettercarbonfixationcapacity.

Strengtheningeco-environmentalaccessregulation.Regulatingandcontrollingthedischargefrompointsourcesisavitalapproachtoachievinggreentransformationatalowcost.Chinahasconsistentlyandstrictlycontrolledtheexpansionofhigh-energy-consumption,high-emissionprojectswithlow–technologyandsubjectedthemtolist-

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basedmanagement,classifiedhandling,anddynamicmonitoring.Theseprojectsarerequiredtogothroughstringentenvironmentalimpactassessmentbeforeapproval,andenvironmentalimpactassessmentonGHGemissioniscarriedoutonatrialbasisforprojectsinkeyindustriessuchaselectricpower,ironandsteel,buildingmaterials,non-ferrousmetals,petrochemicalandchemicalindustry,andcoalchemistry.Effortsliketheseareaimedatadjustingtheindustrialmixandpromotinggreen,low-carbonandhigh-qualitydevelopmentatthesource.

Fosteringgreengrowthandsustainablewaysoflife.Establishingandimprovingthegreen,low-carbonandcirculareconomicsystemandadvancingthegreentransformationofeconomicandsocialdevelopmentisthefundamentalpolicyforaddressingtheresource,environmentalandecologicalissues.Tofostergreengrowthandsustainablelifestyle,Chinahasboostedgreenproduction,deliveredplansforgreenindustrialandagriculturaldevelopment,andpushedtheconstructionofanindustrialsystemfeaturinghighefficiency,energyconservation,advancedenvironmentalprotection,andcircularuseofresources.Initiativessuchasgreendesign,cleanindustrialproduction,circulareconomy,cleanandlow-carbonenergy,andgreenagriculturaldevelopmenthavebeenpromoted,andthelistsofgreenplants,greenproducts,greenindustrialparks,andgreensupplychainmanagemententerprisestopromotegreenmanufacturinghavebeendelivered.Greenplanshavebeenpushedaheadinthedirectionofsustainabledevelopmentandgreenconsumptionacrossthewholeproductcycle,logisticschain,andtheentiresystemofconsumption,coveringclothing,food,housing,travel,etc.Severalprovincesandcitieshavebeendesignatedtopilotlow-carbondevelopment,whichhasshownasignificantreductionoftheircarbonintensityfasterthanthenationalaverage.Theideaofgreenandlow-carbondevelopmentisincorporatedintothenationaleducationsystem,anddemonstrativeprojectsarelaunchedforbuildingagreenandlow-carbonsociety,soastoforgeconsensusacrossthesocietyandbringeveryoneonboardassoonaspossible.

1.2ImprovingthePolicySystem

Chinaadherestotheprincipleofoverallplanning,givingprioritytosaving,“two-wheel-drive”strategy,seekingforcoordinatedeffortsathomeandabroad,andriskprevention.Italsostrengthensthetop-leveldesignandstrategiclayoutforcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutrality,forwhicha“1+N”policyframeworkhasbeenputinplace.

Havingputinplacea“1+N”policyframeworkforcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutrality.The“1”meanstheguidanceandthetop-leveldesignforcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutrality.Itconsistsofthetwodocumentsissuedin2021:

WorkingGuidanceforCarbonDioxidePeakingandCarbonNeutralityinFullandFaithfulImplementationoftheNewDevelopmentPhilosophyandTheActionPlanforCarbonDioxidePeakingby2030,whichclearlyarticulatetheschedules,roadmapsandworkingproceduresforcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutrality.Whereasthe“N”istheimplementationschemesinkeyareasandsectors,suchasenergy,industry,urbanandruraldevelopment,transport,agricultureandruralareas,reductionin

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pollutionandcarbonemissions,coal,oilandnaturalgas,steel,non-ferrousmetals,petrochemicalsandbuildingmaterials,andthesupportingplans,suchastechnologysupport,financialsupportandstatisticalandaccountingwork.Meanwhile,allprovinceshavealsohadtheirimplementationschemesforcarbondioxidepeakingwithintheirrespectivejurisdictions.Asaresult,theseserialdocumentshaveonthewholeformedafull-fledgedpolicysystemforcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutralitywithdefiniteobjectives,reasonabledivisionoffunctions,effectivemeasuresandefficientcollaboration,layoutasoundandcoordinatedarrangement,andgiveasteadyboosttothemomentumforreachingthe“dual-carbon”goal.

Refininggreenandlow-carbonpolicies.Chinahasrampedupeffortstocontrolenergyintensityandconsumption,althoughtheincrementalrenewableenergiesandenergyuseasrawmaterialsarenotcounted.Carbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutralitystandardshavebeenrefinedandaunifiedandstandardcarbonemissionstatisticsandaccountingsystemhasbeencreatedtograduallyreplacethedualcontrolofenergyintensityandconsumptionwiththatofcarbonemissionandintensity.Policiesinsupportofclimatechangeresponse,coveringthefiscalandtaxsystem,price,investment,andfinance,arebeingimproved,andclimateinvestmentandfinancinghavebeenlaunchedforatrialrun.Astandardsystemforcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutralityfeaturingmultipledimensions,areasandlevelshasbeenprimarilyestablished,withaspecialemphasisontheconsistencyandeffectivenessofthestandards.

1.3StrengtheningStrategicPlanningandInstitutional

Development

Thejourneytowardcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutralityischallengingandinvolvesanextensiveandprofoundreform.Itrequiresstrategicthinkingandplanning,systemicefforts,andinstitutionalreform.

Strengtheningoverallplanningandcoordination.In2021,Chinasetupanationalsteeringgrouptoguideandcoordinatetheworkofcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutrality.Theleadinggroupsattheprovinciallevel(autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesdirectlyunderthecentralgovernment(PARMs)wereallsetupforplanningandcoordinatingcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutrality.Anorderlyworkingmechanismfeaturingunifiedplanningandcoordinationacrossdifferentlevelshasbeenestablished.

Incorporatinggreenandlow-carbondevelopmentintotheoverallplansofnationaleconomicandsocialdevelopment.TheOutlineofthe14thFive-YearPlan(2021-2025)forNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopmentandtheLong-RangeObjectivesThroughtheYear2035ofthePeople’sRepublicofChinasetanobligatoryindicator:thecarbondioxideemissionperunitofGDPin2025willbe18percentlowerthanin2020,andallprovinceshavealsoincorporatedgreenandlow-carbondevelopmentintotheir14thFive-YearPlans,outliningtheirspecifictargetsandtasks.Dealingwithclimatechange,promotinggreenandlow-carbondevelopment,and

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achievingcarbondioxidepeakingandcarbonneutralityformimportantcontentsofmajornationalandregionalstrategies.Relatedpromotionandprojectdeploymentwerecarriedoutaccordingly.

FormulatingMediumandLong-termStrategiesforAddressingGreenhouseGasEmissions.InOctober2021,ChinaofficiallyunveiledChina’sAchievements,NewGoalsandNewMeasuresforNationallyDeterminedContributionsandChina’sMid-CenturyLong-termLowGreenhouseGasEmissionDevelopmentStrategy,respectivelyspecifyingthenewtargetsandnewmeasuresforimplementingitsNDCandthefundamentalpolicyandstrategicvisionofitsGHGemissiondevelopmentinthelongrun.ThetwodocumentsrepresentChina’sspecificmovestofulfilltheParisAgreementandembodyitscommitmentsandeffortstopromotegreenandlowcarbondevelopmentandactivelyrespondtoglobalclimatechange.

Formulatingandimplementingthenationalstrategyforclimatechangeadaptation.ChinahasissuedtheNationalStrategyforClimateChangeAdaptation2035,whichputsforwardthemaintargetsofitsclimatechangeadaptationworkinthenewera.Basedonthelevelofexposureandvulnerabilityofdifferentsectorsandregionstotheadverseeffectsandrisksofclimatechange,theplanspecifiesthekeysectorsandregionsoftheadaptationworkwithcorrespondingpreventativemeasures,providingimportantguidancetoreducetheharmfuleffectsofclimatechangesandstrivingforclimateresilient.

2.NewAchievementsofControllingGHGEmissions

inKeyAreas

Basedonpreliminarycalculations,in2021,China’scarbonintensitydroppedby3.8percentand50.8percentfromthelevelrespectivelyin2020and2005.

2.1GradualImprovementoftheLow-carbonIndustrySystem

Green,low-carbonandcirculardevelopmentistheinherentrequirementfordevelopingahigh-qualitymoderneconomicsystem.Chinahasactivelyimprovedthelow-carbonindustrysystemthroughaligningeffortstoadjustthestructureoftheindustryandboostthedevelopmentoflow-carbonindustries.

Stronglydevelopinggreenandlow-carbonindustries.Chinahassteadilydevelopedemergingindustrialclustersinnewenergy,new-energyvehiclesandgreen,eco-friendlysectors,supportedthegreen,low-carbonandhigh-qualitydevelopmentofindustriesandbuiltupapro-environmentalmanufacturingsystem.In2021,thehigh-techmanufacturingsectorsawitsaddedvaluerise18.2percentyearonyear,accountingfor15.1percentofthetotalforindustriesabovethedesignatedsize,itsoutputofnew-energyvehiclescomeinat3.677millionunits,up152.5percentfromthepreviousyear,itsoutputofphotovoltaicmodulesstandatabout182GW,leadingtheworldfor15consecutiveyears;generatedthepro-environmentaloutputvalueofmorethanCNY8.0

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20%

16%

12%

8%

4%

0%

trillion,andsawanannualgrowthrateofover10percent.Chinasawtheoperatingrevenueofitsstrategicemergingserviceenterprisesriseby16.0percentandtheinvestmentofitshigh-techindustriesriseby17.1percentfromthepreviousyear.

2012201320142015201620172018201920202021

StrategicemergingindustriesHigh-techmanufacturing

Figure1.Annualgrowthofadded-valueofstrategicemergingindustriesandhigh-techmanufacturing,2012-2021

Optimizingindustrialstructure.Asa‘stabilizer’,servicesectors’valueaddedaccountedforCNY60.968trillionannually,anincreaseof8.2percent,accountedfor53.3percentofGDP,contributedto54.9percentofeconomicgrowth,andboostedGDPgrowthby4.5percentagepoints.Theeconomicstructurecontinuedtobeoptimizedfromprimary,secondaryandtertiaryindustries,withtheratioofthevalueaddedinGDPaccountingfor7.3percent,39.4percentand53.3percentofGDP,respectively.

2.2SustainedImprovementofQualityandEfficiencyin

IndustrialSector

Continuousimprovementofenergyefficiencyintheindustrialsector.Energyconsumptionperunitofvalueaddedofindustrialenterprisesabovethedesignatedlevelwassignificantlyreducedadecadeago,withtheoverallenergyconsumptionperunitproductofcrudesteel,aluminum,andethylenereductionby9.0percent,4.7percentand4.9percent,respectively.Guidelineshavebeendevelopedtoupgradeironandsteel,coking,andferroalloyindustriestolowerenergyandcarbonintensity,andtofosterbenchmarkstodriveuptheindustry’senergyefficiencyingeneral.Thankstothecombinedapproachofenergyefficiencyinspectionanddiagnosis,theoverallenergyconsumptionperunitproductofcementclinker,plateglass,andaluminumisinaleadingpositionintheworld.In2021,theenergyconsumptionperunitofvalueaddedofindustrialenterprisesabovethedesignatedlevelwasreducedby5.6percent.

Clearimprovementincleanproduction.Theironandsteelindustryhasundergonetheretrofitofhigh-qualityultra-lowemission.In2021,atotalof23ironandsteelcompaniescompletedtherenovationforabout145milliontonsofcrudesteel

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productioncapacity,andtheworkisinprogressforanother540milliontonsofcapacity.Theemissionintensityofmainpollutantsinkeyindustrieswasreducedbymorethan20percentduringthe13thFive-yearPlanperiod.

Initialestablishmentofagreenmanufacturingsystem.Chinahasestablished468sectoralstandardsforenergy-savingandgreendevelopmentandfostered662greenplants,989green-designproducts,52greenindustrialparks,and107greensupplychainenterprises.Ithasalsocultivated117demonstrativecompaniesforgreendesignofindustrialproducts,coveringsectorssuchasthelightindustry,textile,buildingmaterials,chemicalindustry,andelectricsandelectronics.By2021,therewere430“l(fā)ittlegiant”enterprisesspecializinginenergyconservationandenvironmentalprotection,whichhaveeffectivelymotivatedsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs)tobecomemorecapableofgreenandlow-carboninnovations.

Continuousoptimizationofindustrialstructure.Chinahasmadeconsistenteffortstoeliminateexcessproductioncapacity.In2021,about300milliontonsofironandsteelcapacity,nearly400milliontonsofcementcapacityand150millionweightcasesofplateglasscapacityhadbeeneliminated.Theobsoletetechnologyforaluminumandcementproductionhasbeenphasedout.Chinawouldresolutelycurbtheirrationalexpansionofhigh-energy-consumption,high-emissionprojectswithlow–technology.Sofar,thecountryhascanceledmorethan350suchprojectspriortolaunchingandreducedthedemandforenergyconsumptionby270milliontonsofstandardcoal.Workingguidelineforthehigh-qualitydevelopmentofpetrochemical,chemical,andironandsteelindustrieshasbeencompiledandissuedaccommodatingforthe14thFive-yearPlanperiod,andthecataloghasbeenreleasedtoencouragetechnologiesandproductsinthepetrochemicalandchemicalindustryinabidtopromotetheuseofcutting-edgetechnologiesandprocesses.

2.3ContinuousImprovementforGreenandLow-carbon

PerformanceinUrbanandRuralConstruction

Promotingthelow-carbontransformationinurbanandruralconstructionandmanagement.Chinahaslaunchedacityrenewalcampaignatasteadyandconsistentpace.Itorganizedcomprehensive“healthchecks”for59pilotcitiesnationwideanddevelopedacriteriasystemcomprisingawiderangeofindicatorssuchas“percentageofdayswithfineairquality”,“percentageofsurfacewaterreachingorexceedingType-IIIstandard",and"intensityofwaterloggingpoints”,undereightcategoriessuchasecologicalhospitalityandsecurityresilience.Ithelpedidentifyanypotentialissuesandshortcomingsofthecitiesindealingwithclimatechange.

Vigorouslydevelopingenergy-savingandlow-carbonbuildings.PoliciesandplansissuedbytheChinesegovernmenthavebeengiventodevelopenergy-savingandgreenbuildings,andthetargets,overallrequirements,keytasksandsafeguardshavebeensetforthe14thFive-yearPlanperiod.Ithaspromotedtheimplementationofnationalstandardsforbetterenergyconservationperformanceintheconstructionsector.Bytheendof2021,Chinahadincreasedtheusablefloorareaofsolarandshallowgeothermal

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energy-poweredheatinginurbanbuildingsto5.07billionm2and470millionm2respectively,theusableinstalledcapacityofphotovoltaicpowergenerationinurbanbuildingsto18.16millionkW,thereplacementrateofrenewableenergyinurbanbuildingsto6.0percent,theshareofenergy-savingcivilbuildingsinthetotaltoover63.7percent,andthecumulativefloorareaofultra-lowandnear-zeroenergyconsumptionbuildingstoover13.9millionm2.Chinahassteadilypushedaheadwiththeenergy-savingreconstructionofresidentialbuildingsinnorthernheatingareasandotherareaswhereitishotinsummerandcoldinwinter,completingtheenergy-savingrenovationof1.6billionm2ofresidentialbuildingsandthegreenconstructionof8.5billionsquaremetersofnewbuildings.

AcceleratingcleanwinterheatinginNorthernChina.Since2017,severalkeyregionsforairpollutionpreventionandcontrol,suchasBeijing,Tianjin,Hebeiwiththeirsurroundingdistricts,andtheFen-weiPlain,havebeengivenguidancetoshifttocollectiveheatingandothercleanheatingapproaches.Byreplacingbulkcoalwithcleanenergieslikeelectricity,naturalgas,geothermalenergyandnuclearenergyorcogeneration,awarmandcleanwintersupplyhasbeensecuredforthepeople.Bytheendof2021,about27millionhouseholdsinthoseregionsstoppedusingcoalheatingandshiftedtocleanheatinginwinter,reducingmorethan60milliontonsofbulkcoalconsumption.

Expeditingenergyconservationandtheuseofrenewableenergiesinruralareas.

WhentheseismicperformanceandreinforcementfordilapidatedruralhousinginnorthernChinawereconducted,energyconservationmeasureswereadoptedsimultaneouslytoensurereduced