初英句子成分、基本句型 七年級(jí)下冊(cè)(共58張PPT)

句子成分和類型（基本句型）目錄Catalog1Warmingup2七大句子成分（主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)，定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)）

3五大基本句型4SummaryPART01WarmingupWarmingupPleasemakeabriefself-introduction.Aself-introMynameisCharlieLu.

IamfromHuaduexperimentalmiddleschool.Inmyschoolalotofpeopleknowmeformymusictalents.IgotthetopgradeofpianointheartgradeexaminationofChina.HoweverIwasnotbornapianoboy.Ihavekeptpiano-playingformorethantenyears.Asthesayinggoes,practicemakestheperfect.I’malsogoodatGuzhengandSaxophone.Ilikemusic.Itbringsmealotoffun.Myfavouritesubjectsarephysicsandbiology.I'mjustinterestedinthem.

Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily,myfather,mymother,myyoungersisterandme.

Whenmyparentsarefreethissummerholiday,wewillgotravellingtorelaxourselves.Mymotheroftensaystravellingmakesusfresh.Youhumanbeingshavefamilies.Wealsohaveoursinasentence.PART02句子成分句子中的大家庭主語(yǔ)

疑問(wèn)句?我叫名詞，是一家之主，所以人們就讓我做主語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)除了名詞充當(dāng)，還可以是---IamcuriousaboutthehistoryofChina.（代詞）Seeingisbelieving.（動(dòng)名詞）Tosayisonething,andtodoisanother.（不定式）Twoindistressmakesthesorrowless.（數(shù)詞）Whathesaidinthemeetingimpressedmealot.（從句）Itissaidthatanyonewhotouchesthetreewillhaveabadluck.

(從句)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

沒有我就沒有家，所以我是最最重要的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。做我的謂語(yǔ)吧Yes,Ido.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后來(lái)，我們就建立了新家庭，形成了最初的、完整的主體結(jié)構(gòu)。英語(yǔ)是這樣的：主語(yǔ)

謂語(yǔ)主體結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在，我們有了寶寶，媽媽被尊稱為及物動(dòng)詞孩子叫什么呢就叫賓語(yǔ)吧主語(yǔ)

謂語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)

我叫賓語(yǔ)。我是媽媽生的，所以老跟在媽媽后面。但我隨爸爸姓氏，所以我也是名詞主語(yǔ)

謂語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)除了名詞充當(dāng)，還可以是——Weallenjoyourselvesinthisparty.（代詞）IenjoyreadingEnglishloudlyinthemorning.（動(dòng)名詞）IwanttobeasingerwhenIgrowup.（不定式）Oneplusoneequalstwo.（數(shù)詞）Wefounditdifficulttomakeeveryteammembertobeactiveinteamactivities.(形式賓語(yǔ))Thescientistshavefoundoutthatsleepcanhaveaneffectonone'ssociality.（從句）

及物動(dòng)詞VT.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

自從有了我，媽媽就忙不過(guò)來(lái)了，所以就請(qǐng)了位老奶奶專門照看我，也算給家里補(bǔ)充個(gè)幫手。我叫賓語(yǔ)，奶奶自然就叫賓補(bǔ)。賓語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)我是來(lái)照看孩子的賓補(bǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常是名詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞OnlyworknoplaymakesJackadullboy.（名詞）Thenewsofhisdeathmademeblueforlong.（形容詞）Mymomaskedmetotakepartinthisspeechcontest.（不定式）Wefoundthevillagedistroyedinruinsinthisearthquakeandwealsofoundmanychildreninthisareasleepingontheroad.（分詞）

及物動(dòng)詞VT.+一個(gè)物+兩個(gè)物+一個(gè)物+尾巴直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)

媽媽說(shuō)老大叫間接賓語(yǔ)，老幺叫直接賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)

謂語(yǔ)

間接賓語(yǔ)

直接賓語(yǔ)

指代人

指代物表語(yǔ)

重要提示：這些聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞后經(jīng)常加形容詞,充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)。常見系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)除了名詞、形容詞，還可以是——Myfatherisagreatengineer.名詞Whathesaidseemedunbelievableathistime.形容詞Winteriscomingon.Itiscolderandcolder.形容詞Seeingisbelieving.動(dòng)名詞Tosayisonething,andtodoisanother.不定式Thecatisunderthetree.介詞短語(yǔ)Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtakeactiontoprotectourenvironment.從句

不及物動(dòng)詞VI.

及物動(dòng)詞VT.+一個(gè)物+兩個(gè)物+一個(gè)物+尾巴家庭好伙伴，它經(jīng)常在我們名詞前后，有了它我們好像B格高了。但媽媽不愛跟它搭檔，據(jù)說(shuō)源于“馬路殺手”的傳說(shuō)，媽媽借口說(shuō)它只是配飾Tomboughtanluxuriousorangesportscar.

定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)由形容詞充當(dāng)，也可以是——Heismy

boyfriend.名詞Thisismycreditcard.形容詞性物主代詞Thecatunderthetreeismine.介詞短語(yǔ)Informationageneedspeopleequipedwithbasicdata-analysisability.分詞短語(yǔ)Informationageneedspeople

tobeequipedwithbasicdata-analysisability.不定式Informationageneedspeoplewhoareequippedwithbasicdataanalysisability.從句狀語(yǔ)目的Inordertohavemoretoeat,weoftenwaggedourtailsgentlyandfriendly

.目的狀語(yǔ)方式狀語(yǔ)我們跟謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞很親，看家護(hù)院是強(qiáng)項(xiàng)（放在在整個(gè)句子的前后）地點(diǎn)時(shí)間通常修飾動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子，位置比較靈活狀語(yǔ)常由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、分詞短語(yǔ)，從句充當(dāng)。Theoperationwentonsuccessfully.副詞ExpertsallovertheworldcometogetherinShanghaiforthisconference介詞短語(yǔ)Tohaveabetterperformance,Ikeptpracticingbeforegoingtothestage.不定式短語(yǔ)Lookingaround,IrealizedwithashockthatIwastheonlypassengerleftonthebus.分詞短語(yǔ)WhenIlookedaround,IrealizedwithashockthatIwastheonlypassengeleftonthebus.從句7種句子成分

行為動(dòng)詞

不及物動(dòng)詞VI.

及物動(dòng)詞VT.我爸爸對(duì)我嚴(yán)格。Myfatherstrictwithme.我好怕他。Iafraidhim.看，我站在那里哭。Istandingtherecrying.有錯(cuò)就改be類-isamarewaswere變化類-become,turn,grow,get,go感官類-look,sound,smell,taste,fell眼耳鼻舌身延續(xù)過(guò)程類-keepremainstay證明結(jié)果類-prove，turnout表象類-seemapprove注意：聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)這個(gè)句型是否成立？his,Mybrother,homework,hasn'tdone.English,People,speak,allovertheworld.attention,You,good,to,yourpronunciation,mustpay.did,Howmany,you,newwords,lastclass,learn?thestudents,Someof,want,intheschool,togoswimming.willlfind,Go,and,you,themuseum,ontheleft.thebridge,across.is,Theydidn'tknow,“FatherChristmas”,really,who.You,it,useful,afteryouleavetheschool,willfind.tosleep,Theman,wastrying,downstairs.totake,He,asked,her,theboy,outofschool.連詞成句Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming.Goacrossthebridgeandyouwilllfindthemuseumontheleft.Theydidn'tknowwho“FatherChristmas”reallyis.Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleavetheschool.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.答案分析句子成分

MynameisCharlieLu.

IamfromHuaduexperimentalmiddleschool.Inmyschoolalotofpeopleknowmeformymusictalents.IgotthetopgradeofpianointheartgradeexaminationofChina.HoweverIwasnotbornapianoboy.Ihavekeptpiano-playingformorethantenyears.Asthesayinggoes,practicemakestheperfect.I’malsogoodatGuzhengandSaxophone.Ilikemusic.Itbringsmealotoffun.Myfavouritesubjectsarephysicsandbiology.I'mjustinterestedinthem.

Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily,myfather,mymother,myyoungersisterandme.

Whenmyparentsarefreethissummerholiday,wewillgotravellingtorelaxourselves.Mymotheroftensaystravellingmakesusfresh.PART03基本句型基本句型我們主要討論刨除修飾語(yǔ)（定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)）外的成分組成的句子.丁克家庭三口之家二胎政策后三代同堂職場(chǎng)大家庭基本句型主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（不及物動(dòng)詞VI.）不及物動(dòng)詞vi（本身意思完整，后面不需要賓語(yǔ)）eg.Thefirstimpressioncounts/matters.eg.Hestayedhereforalongtime.只作vi(很少部分)work工作go去come來(lái)arrive到stay呆happen/takeplace發(fā)生laugh笑look看swim游泳walk步行sleep睡覺（工作起來(lái)到發(fā)呆，發(fā)生不激動(dòng)，笑看潮起潮落）1.改錯(cuò)：TheearthquakewashappenedagaininSichuanProvince.Idisagreemanypointsmadebythesupporters.2.翻譯：

出生率會(huì)下降。擁有電腦的家庭顯著增多。小試牛刀Thebirthratewillgodown.Thenumberoffamilywhopossessesacomputerincreases.Happen是不及物動(dòng)詞，沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Disagree也是，要加賓語(yǔ)，要加介詞with。答案主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞vi不直接加賓語(yǔ)，若加賓語(yǔ)vi+prep賓語(yǔ)。eg.lookattheblackboardeg.lookforthechildeg.lookafterhismother及物動(dòng)詞vt必須加賓語(yǔ)，否則意思不完整vt+賓語(yǔ)eg.Iseeablackboardintheclassroom.eg.TomwatchedTVjustnow.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)你能說(shuō)出幾個(gè)主謂賓的句子嗎？主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)

指人指物、事情makemeacake=makeacakeformebuymeadrink=buyadrinkformepassmethesalt.=passthesalttomegivemeabook=giveabooktome表方向——to為某人——for主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)

軍人們的努力給我們帶來(lái)了和平與幸福。他教我們英語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)

答案Thesoldiers'effertsbroughtuspeaceandhappiness.HeteachesusEnglish

.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)（人）+賓語(yǔ)（物）

并不是所有的vt都接雙賓語(yǔ)，只有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞才接雙賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)。givesbsth給某人——passsbsth遞給某人——takesbsth拿給某人——tellsbsth告訴某人——sendsbsth送給某人——readsbsth讀給某人——writesbsth寫給某人——buysbsth買給某人——paysbsth支付給某人——bringsbsth帶給某人——leavesbsth留給某人——showsbsth給某人看——teachsbsth教給某人——lendsbsth借給某人——主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)“是什么N.”“是什么樣的”，還可補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作,跟賓語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系HecallsmeTom.Hemakeseveryonelaugh.

（IamTom.）(Everyonelaughs)寫句子我們選他作我們的班長(zhǎng)。這些年不同領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)家讓中國(guó)越來(lái)越強(qiáng)壯。這個(gè)影片讓每個(gè)人都知道了潔凈空氣的重要性。練習(xí)WemakeTomourmonitor.ThosescientistsindifferentfieldsaremakingChinastrongertheseyears.Thefilmmakeseveryonerealizetheimportanceofcleanair.答案區(qū)別：主謂賓賓&主謂賓補(bǔ)HecallsmeTom.（IamTom.）Hemakeseveryonelaugh.(Everyonelaughs)Hegavemeabook.（一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)指代人；一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)指代物、事情）判斷下列句子哪些是主謂賓賓，哪些是主謂賓補(bǔ)Iwatchtheboyplayingfootball.Mygoodfriendtoldmeastory.Lilynoticedtwodogfight.Ilookedatherflyingakite.Pleasehandmethepaper.Hewantedyoutogowithhim.Myparentsleftmealargefortune.Hefound100yuaninthebox.

主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)MyfavouritewriterisLuxun.Heisafamouswriterinchina.Hisbookisinteresting,whichismainlyaboutthestoryinChinainhistime.Let'stalkaboutyourfavouritebook.改錯(cuò)Mostboysareseemedtobebetteratmathsandphysics.

造句秋天來(lái)了，葉子變黃了。他的猜想被證明是對(duì)的。練習(xí)改錯(cuò)seem無(wú)被動(dòng)Autumniscomingonandtheleavesareturningyellow.Histhinkingturnedouttoberight.答案練習(xí)Thisis

mybedroom.Thereis