2023上半年嘉興市英語(yǔ)統(tǒng)招專升本多輪練習(xí)題【帶答案】

2023上半年嘉興市英語(yǔ)統(tǒng)招專升本多輪練習(xí)題【帶答案】學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、閱讀理解(30題)1.HettyGreenwasnicknamedtheWizardofWallStreetbecauseshe______.

A.inheritedalargesumofmoney

B.madealargesumoffortunewithshares

C.builtupalargecompanyonshares

D.wasveryqueerandcruel

2.Accordingtothepassage,itisbelievedthat"FloresHuman"______.

A.wasdwarfedbyitsenemies

B.coulduselanguage

C.leftalotoffossilsinthehotandwetenvironment

D.reachedFlores40,000yearsago

3.Whatis"Arcades"?

A.Itisakindofcomputergames.

B.Itisanarea.

C.Itistheplacewhereyoucanplaythecomputergamescheaply.

D.Itisapark.

4.ThevocabularyoftheEnglishislargebecause______.

A.theEnglishdonotliketospeakotherlanguages

B.itcamefromdifferentotherlanguages

C.manyEnglishwordscomefromLatin

D.Britainhasalonghistory

5.Mason'srelationtotheFederalBillofRightswasoneof______.

A.significantbutindirectinfluence

B.principalauthorship

C.soleauthorship

D.distantandessentiallyunimportantinfluence

6.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthehoursofthelibrary?

A.Itwillonlybeopenontheweekends.

B.Itwillbeopenbothweekendsandweekdays.

C.Itwillshortenitshoursonweekdays.

D.Itisnotmentioned.

7.Therearemanycommonlyheldbeliefsabouteyeglassesandeyesightthatarenotprovenfacts.Forinstance,somepeoplebelievethatwearingglassestoosoonweakenstheeyes.Butthereisnoevidencetoshowthatthestructureofeyesischangedbywearingglassesatayoungage.Wearingthewrongglasses,however,canproveharmful.Studiesshowthatforadultsthereisnodanger,butchildrencan

develop

lossofvisioniftheyhavethewrongglasses.Wehaveallheardsomeofthecommonmythsabouthoweyesightgetsbad.Mostpeoplebelievethatreadingindimlightcausespooleyesight,butthatisunique.Toolittlelightmakestheeyesworkharder,sotheydogettiredandstrained.Eyestrainalsoresultsfromreadingalot,readinginbed,andwatchingtoomuchtelevision.But,althougheyestrainmaycausesomepainorheadaches,itdoesnotpermanentlydamageeyesight.Anothermythabouteyesisthattheycanbereplaced,ortransferredfromonepersontoanother.Thereareclosetoonemillionnervefibersthatconnecttheeyeballtothebrain.andasifyetitisimpossibletoattachthemallinanewperson.Onlycertainpartsoftheeye—thecorneaandtheretina—canbereplaced.Butifwekeepclearingupthemythsandlearningmoreabouttheeyes,somedayafulltransplantmaybepossible!

Thispassageismostlyabout______.

A.differenttypesofeyeglasses

B.avisittotheeyedoctor

C.mythsabouteyesight

D.corneatransplants

8.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat查看材料

A.whenoneisinabadmood，heorshemaynotworkverywell

B.thebestwaytoovercomeabadmoodistotalktooneself

C.somedrugsaremoreeffectivethanphysicalexercises

D.takingdrugsisattheriskofbeingpoisonous

9.Didthemerchantknowwhohadtakentheumbrella?

A.Sure.B.Notverysure.C.Notatall.D.Probably.

10.Weliveinaright-handedworld.Itmeans______.A.A.allthepeopleareright-handed

B.lifeishardforleft-handedpeople

C.left-handedpeoplecan'tlive

D.thereisanotherleft-handedworld

11.AtlastJim‘smother__________．查看材料

A.gavehersonsomegoodfood

B.knewhersonhadtoldalie

C.boughtsomemedicineforherson

D.boughtsomecakesforherson

12.Itcanbeconcludedfromthetextthat______.

A.hisfather'sadvicehelpedhimtodecidewhichjobtotakeup

B.workinginthesportsteamwashismostimportantexperience

C.helearntmuchfromhissharedexperiencewithhisteammembers

D.hisexperienceasabaggageboyhadagreatinfluenceonhislaterlife

13.Ifyoumissaclass，youshould_________.查看材料

A.calltheteacheroraclassmatetogettheassignment

B.giveanexcuseandthenignoretheassignment

C.keepsilenceandmiss;theassignment

D.askaclassmateabout，theassignmentwhenyouattendtheschool

14.Thebesttitleofthispassagecanbe______.

A.Surroundings

B.DependenceonEnvironment

C.Intelligence

D.EffectofEducation

15.TomHendrix,36,isabusinessmanfromToronto,Canada.Hewouldliketofindapenpalfromadifferentcontinenttodiscussbusinesspracticesanddifferencesbetweenhiscountryandothers.ThebestpenpalforTomHendrixwouldbe______.

A.MaryB.KimLeeC.PietroD.Helga

16.Intheevening,theofficerswentbackwithalltheteethwhichcost______.

A.$785B.$1050C.$157D.$875

17.Findinglevelsofmeaningis______.

A.importantforgraduatestudentsinhumanities

B.difficultforgraduatestudentsinhumanities

C.commonforundergraduatestudentsinscience

D.easyforundergraduatestudentsinscience

18.47."Collided"means______.A.hiteachotherhardB.stoppedC.racedeachotherD.traveledinthesamedirection

19.WhenIamaboss,Iwillnolongerhavetosearchforthisthing.Thissentencemeans______.

A.whenIhavepower,Iwillhavehappiness

B.beingabossismoreimportantthanfeelinghappy

C.whenIbecomeaboss,Iwillneversearchforhappiness

D.bossandthisthingmeanthesametobossandI

20.PassageFourOceanographyhasbeendefinedas“Theapplicationofallsciencestothestudyofthesea”．

Beforethenineteenthcentury，scientistswithaninterestintheseawerefewandfarbetween．CertainlyNewtonconsideredsometheoreticalaspectsofitinhiswritings，buthewasreluctant(不愿意)togotoseatofurtherhiswork．

Formostpeopletheseawasremote，andwiththeexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravellersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromthesea，therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyques—tionsaboutit．1etalonetoaskwhatlaybeneaththesurface．ThefirsttimethatthequestionWhatisatthebottomoftheoceans?hadtobeansweredwithanycommercialconsequencewaswhenthelayingofatelegraphcablefromEuropetoAmericawagproposed.Theengineershadtoknowthedepthprofile(起伏形狀)oftheroutetoestimatethelengthofcablethathadtobemanufactured．

ItwastoMauryoftheU．S．NavythattheAtlanticTelegraphCompanyturned，in1853forinfonnationonthismatter．Inthe1840s，MauryhadbeenresponsibleforencouragingvoyagesduringwhichsoundingsweretakentoinvestigatethedepthsoftheNorthAtlanticandPacificoceans．Later．someofhisfindingsarousedmuchpopularinterestinhisbookThePhysicalGe—ographyoftheSea．

Thecablewaslaid.butnotuntil1866wastheconnectionmadepermanentandreliable.Attlleeadyattempts，thecablefailedandwhenitwastakenoutforrepaimitwasfoundtobecoveredinlivinggrowths，afactwhichdefiedcontemporaryscientificopinionthattherewasnolifeinthedeeperpartsofthesea．

Withinafewyearsoceanographywasunderway．In1872Thomsonledascientificexpedition(考察)，whichlastedforfouryearsandbroughthomethousandsofsamplesfromthesea.Theirclassificationandanalysisoccupiedscientistsforyearsandledtoafive’volumereport，thelastvolumebeingpublishedin1895．

ItWas_________thataskedMauryforhelpinoceanographicstudies．

A.thosewhoearnedalivingfromthesea

B.someearlyintercontinentaltraveners

C.theAmericanNavy

D.thecompanywhichproposedtolayanunderseacable

21.Inancienttimeswealthwasmeasuredandexchangedinthingsthatcouldbetouched:food,tools,andpreciousmetalsandstones.Thenthebartersystemwasreplacedbycoins,whichstillhadrealvaluesincetheywerepiecesofraremetal.Coinswerefollowedbyfiatmoney,papernotesthathavevalueonlybecauseeveryoneagreestoacceptthem.Todayelectronicmonetarysystemsaregraduallybeingintroducedthatwilltransform.moneyintoevenlesstangibleforms,reducingittoaseriesof"bitsandbytes",orunitsofcomputerizedinformation,goingbetweenmachinesatthespeedoflight.Already,electronicfundtransferallowsmoneytobeinstantlysentandreceivedbydifferentbanks,companies,andcountriesthroughcomputersandtelecommunicationsdevices.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwastheearliestkindofexchangeofwealth?

A.Barteredgoods.

B.Fiatmoney.

C.Coincurrency.

D.Intangibleforms.

22.WhydoesEnglishwidelyusedintheworld?Because______.

A.ithasthelargestnumberofspeakersintheworld

B.itisspokennotonlyinBritainbutalsoinAmerica

C.itisoneofthemostimportantworkinglanguagesinmanyfields

D.A,BandC.

23.44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thereareabout10percentdisabledpersonsinthe

UK.B.Thewholesocietyshouldpayattentiontothebarriersfacedbythedisabledpeople.C.Eventheable-bodiedmaylosesomeoftheirbodyfunctionswhentheygetolder.D.Therestillexistsprejudiceagainstthedisabledwhichresultsmainlyfromignorance.

24.Accordingtotheauthor,atabigparty,smalltalkisusedwiththepurposeof______

A.makingbothothersandyourselffeelatease

B.excludingthoseyoudon'tlikefromjoiningyou

C.keepingyourvoicelowsoonlyyourfriendscanhearyou

D.comfortingthosewhofeellonely

25.IfsomeoneforgedyoursignatureandDrewmoneyfromyouraccount_________．

A.thebankwouldalwayspaymoneytotheforger

B.thebankwouldn’tloseanymoney

C.youwouldn’tloseanymoney

D.youwouldn’tloseyourmoney

26.

第38題Accordingtothepassage，thePublicityandPromotionsdepartment________

A.hasthefinaldecisioninproducinganalbum

B.handlestherecordingarrangementsfortheband

C.sendsrepresentativestolookfornewtalent

D.visitsbarsandnightclubs

27.UsingtheprogramdevelopedatUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,thepapersarecheckedbyusing______.A.A.printingandlookingcarefullyathundredsofpapersontheInternet

B.asearchofmanywebpagesandacomparisonofwordsused

C.askingthestudentwheretheygottheinformationinthepaper

D.comparingallthepaperswhichareturnedinbythestudents

28.48.Thewritertakesanexampletoshowheis______thewaythewordisused.A.pleasedwithB.strangetoC.worriedaboutD.carefulwith

29.Tothewriter，thefactthatwomenaltertheirold-fashiondressisseenas_________.

A.awasteofmoney

B.awasteoftime

C.anexDressionoftaste

D.anexpressionofcreativity

30.Accordingtothepassage,itisdifficulttobecertainaboutthedistantfutureoftheuniversebecausewe______.

A.havetoomanyconflictingtheories

B.donothaveenoughfundingtocontinueourresearch

C.arenotsurehowtheuniverseisputtogether

D.havefocusedourinvestigationsonthemoonandplanets

二、完型填空(20題)31.(46)

A.sinceB.thatC.whileD.as

32.(43)

A.thatB.whomC.whichD.what

33.(81)

A.changeB.notesC.checksD.bills

34.(42)

A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which

35.(83)

A.markingupB.markupC.tomarkupD.tomark

36.23.A.whichB.thatC.oneD.all

37.26.（）A.A.exitB.windowC.gateD.seat

38.(49)

A.yearsB.seasonsC.daysD.weeks

39.【C9】

A.someB.noC.manyD.afew

40.

41.【B4】

A.SinceB.AfterC.DuetoD.Owingto

42.(47)

A.forceB.seeC.remindD.popcorn

43.34.（）A.A.BudgetB.ThinkC.CountD.Number

44.(54)

A.moreB.lessC.funD.pickles

45.Themainreasonforthewidespread【C8】______forEnglishA.requireB.requestC.supplyD.demand

46.【C7】

A.againB.asusualC.tooD.aswell

47.(50)

A.lastB.firstC.middleD.top

48.(48)

A.professionalB.amateurC.specialD.ordinary

49.【B3】

A.ButB.ForC.StillD.And

50.

第29題請(qǐng)將正確答案填在第29處。

A.andB.withC.helpedD.followed

三、語(yǔ)音(10題)51.(3)

A.someB.lotC.otherD.honey

52.()A.A.cup

B.mud

C.just

D.tune

53.

A.expectB.exactC.exampleD.exam

54.（）A.A.function

B.answer

C.brunch

D.Atlantic

55.(2)

A.area

B.heatC.realD.idea

56.(4)

A.weaveB.treatC.greatD.speaker

57.（）A.A.receipt

B.implication

C.empty

D.concept

58.(5)

A.prepare

B.therefore

C.are

D.care

59.(1)

A.German

B.region

C.plant

D.sufficient

60.選出下列選項(xiàng)中劃線部分讀音不同的選項(xiàng)（）

A.alreadyB.eachC.leagueD.weak

四、詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)(20題)61.WhenIwasachildI______goswimminginthelake.A.A.usedtoB.amusedtoC.usetoD.wasused

62.Whichofthesetrainsistheone______goestoNanjing?

A.whichB.ofwhichC.oftheseD.that

63.Itwas______theprofessorregardedwithsuchcontempt.

A.hewhoB.himthatC.himwhoseD.those

64.Mostofthepeople______tothereceptionareoldfriends.

A.toinviteB.beinginvitedC.invitedD.inviting

65.Givenmoretimeandmoney,we______betterthanwhatitis.

A.haddoneB.wouldtoC.couldhavecloneD.havedone

66.TheSmiths________theirbreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.

A.hadB.werehavingC.hasbeenhavingD.arehaving

67.Nobodyexceptyourparents______foryou.

A.arewaitingB.iswaitingC.waitD.bewaiting

68.IfI______getbacktoLondonintime,I'lldefinitelycome.

A.canB.couldC.wouldbeabletoD.willbeableto

69.Tomwritesas______asherbrother.

A.clearB.moreclearC.clearlyD.mostclearly

70.Manyaplayerwhohadbeenhighlythoughtofhas______fromthetennisscene.

A.disposedB.disappearedC.discouragedD.discarded

71.All______isacontinuoussupplyoffueloil.

A.whatisneeded

B.thatisneeded

C.thethingisneeded

D.fortheirneeds

72.She______intotearswhensheheardfromthehospitalthatherfatherdied.

A.burstB.wentC.fellD.exploded

73.Bobneedsatutorbecauseitisimportant______onhisexamnextmonth.

A.thathedowell

B.forhimdowell

C.hedoesthatwell

D.thathewilldowell

74.Writingstoriesandarticles______whatIamfondof.

A.isB.wereC.areD.havebeen

75.Thefact______moneyorderscanusuallybeeasilycashedhasmadethemapopularform.ofpayment．

A.ofB.isthatC.thatD.whichis

76.______determinesagoodmealvariesfromcountrytocountry.

A.WhatB.ThatC.ItD.Which

77.Somefishermentrytomakeup______theirabsencebygivingtheirchildrenexpensivepresents.

A.withB.onC.forD.of

78.Weareinterestedin______youhavetoldus.

A.allwhichB.whichC.allD.that

79.______illness,hewenttotheseasideforvacation.

A.DuetoB.AccordingtoC.OwingtoD.Forthesakeof

80.You______yesterdayifyouwerereallyseriousaboutthejob.

A.oughttocome

B.oughthavecome

C.oughtcome

D.oughttohavecome

五、書(shū)面表達(dá)(1題)81.假設(shè)你是Tom，將去上海旅游，寫(xiě)一封信給你在上海的朋友張強(qiáng)，告訴他你將乘火車(chē)于l0月21日上午8點(diǎn)到達(dá)上海，請(qǐng)他接你，并請(qǐng)他幫你安排21至24日的住宿（旅館最好靠近市中心，房間可以小一些，但不要太貴）。此外，你還要他幫你訂24日返回北京的火車(chē)票。

注意：詞數(shù)應(yīng)為100左右

Oct．15

DearZhangQiang，

Allthebest，

Tom

六、寫(xiě)作(1題)82.你(LiYuan)的生日就要到了，寫(xiě)封信邀請(qǐng)朋友參加你的生日聚會(huì)。信的內(nèi)容包括：

(1)告知對(duì)方聚會(huì)的具體時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)。

(2)到達(dá)聚會(huì)地點(diǎn)的行車(chē)路線及便利的交通工具。

參考答案

1.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段的最后一句說(shuō)明了她的這個(gè)綽號(hào)的由來(lái)，是因?yàn)樗I(mǎi)賣(mài)股票賺了很多錢(qián)。

2.B根據(jù)最后一段可知選B項(xiàng)。A、C、D三項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容均與文章不符。

3.C解析：本題屬詞匯測(cè)試題。文章第二段第四句中的“Arcades(拱廊)”，根據(jù)上下文，它是一個(gè)便宜電腦游戲集中的地方。

4.B

5.A

6.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。根據(jù)第二段第四行“Thelibrarywillmaintainregularhoursduringtheweek，butshorterhoursonSaturdaysandSundays"可得出正確答案為B。

7.C作者列舉了幾個(gè)有關(guān)視力的錯(cuò)誤的說(shuō)法。C項(xiàng)是正確的。

8.D推理判斷題。

【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】文章第二段說(shuō)，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，非藥物方法可像藥物一樣改變?nèi)藗兊男那?。而且無(wú)毒作用。言外之意，藥物具有毒副作用。

9.C解析：文章最后五行，指明許多雨傘被送到這位失主門(mén)前，雖然有些雨傘上附有留言，但都沒(méi)有、也不會(huì)有任何姓名。

10.B本題是對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)的考查。由文章倒數(shù)第2句可得出答案。

11.B推理判斷題。

【應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】從最后一段可推知，Jim的媽媽明白了，Jim說(shuō)自己胃痛是撒謊。

12.D解析：本題考查的是推斷能力。該題可以從文章第一段以及第四段第一句得到線索。從第四段第一句話OfallthejobsI'vehad，itwasmyexperienceatPennsylvaniaRailwaystationthathasstuckwithme可確定答案為D。

13.A第二段。如果因某種原因缺課，應(yīng)問(wèn)老師或同學(xué)作業(yè)是什么。不能因?yàn)槿闭n而不做作業(yè)。選項(xiàng)A正確。

14.C

15.C解析：第三個(gè)筆友。

16.D解析：本題考查的是對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的把握能力。該題可以從文章第二段第三句…h(huán)isteethwerebeingsoldincuriosityshopsat$5each以及最后一段最后一句Theyhadcollected175teeth得出答案。

17.A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的最后兩句可知本題選A項(xiàng)。

18.A47．第二段。相撞之后騎車(chē)人受傷。選項(xiàng)A是正確的。

19.A解析：通過(guò)句子“Stillothersthinkthatiftheyhavepower,theywillfmdthisthing.”可知本題應(yīng)選A。

20.D

21.A根據(jù)文中第一段第一句可知，最早的財(cái)富交換形式是物物交換。

22.C文章第一段最后一句表明，英語(yǔ)是最重要的國(guó)際工作語(yǔ)言。

23.D44．答案為D。用排除法，選項(xiàng)D與第四段第四句prejudicecanbeevenhardertobreakdownandignoranceinevitablyrepresentsbyfarthegreatestbarrierofall不符。選項(xiàng)A在第二段第一句提到；選項(xiàng)B在最后一段最后一句提到；選項(xiàng)C在第三段第三句提到。

24.A

25.C

26.A見(jiàn)文中第七句話，“Onceabandhasfinishedrecordingthealbum，thePublicityandPromotionsdepartmenttakesoveranddecidewhether…”．

27.B見(jiàn)原文第三、第四段。加利福尼亞大學(xué)的兩名學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)了抓抄襲者的程序。它是通過(guò)將學(xué)生的文章與網(wǎng)上的文章作比較來(lái)判定該文章是否抄襲。

28.C48．答案為C

短文最后一段的前兩句可推斷出作者對(duì)人們?cè)~匯貧乏的憂慮。

29.B

30.C

31.C解析：劉翔坐在世界紀(jì)錄牌上慶祝。

32.B

33.A解析：change零錢(qián)。根據(jù)句意可知他沒(méi)有零錢(qián)找給我。

34.C

35.A解析：markup做標(biāo)記。為什么做標(biāo)記是讀書(shū)不可缺少的?

36.C

37.A盡量不要坐在出口處的位置。

38.D解析：根據(jù)前面的Twomoreweekspassed可以確定本題答案為D選項(xiàng)，everytwoweeks的意思是“每隔兩周”。

39.B這里是說(shuō)假樹(shù)在某種條件下是看不出來(lái)的。所以，應(yīng)當(dāng)選擇表示否定的詞。B項(xiàng)是正確的。

40.D本題要求找出一個(gè)合適的動(dòng)詞。本句合乎邏輯的意思應(yīng)該是：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒從……學(xué)到的東西要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于我們?cè)瓉?lái)所知道／認(rèn)為的(thought)。A項(xiàng)“做”；B項(xiàng)“希望”；C項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)”，都不符合句意，故選D。

41.A解析：詞義辨析題。since后面跟時(shí)間短語(yǔ)，表示“從……以后”，切合題意。

42.A解析：憲法雖然并沒(méi)有強(qiáng)迫選舉人必須選舉自己發(fā)誓要選的候選人，但選舉人通常是按照誓言做的。

43.A計(jì)算好時(shí)間。

44.B解析：為了達(dá)到平衡，在食用“高”膽固醇后，我們的身體會(huì)“少”用它。選項(xiàng)B是正確的。

45.D根據(jù)后一句中的aworldlanguage可知應(yīng)選擇demand表示對(duì)英語(yǔ)的需求。

46.A上文已經(jīng)提到修車(chē)工出題的事，這里再提他另外的事，故應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

47.A解析：根據(jù)第二段的算法，2000年應(yīng)該是20世紀(jì)的最后一年。選項(xiàng)A是正確的。

48.A解析：以前，奧運(yùn)會(huì)的參賽者都不是職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員。所有的運(yùn)動(dòng)員都是業(yè)余的。直到現(xiàn)在，這種情況才發(fā)生了變化。

49.A解析：作者首先指出人生來(lái)大腦不一樣，接著指出后天的學(xué)習(xí)不可少。這里含轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

50.A兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)(theChinese及AmericanIndians)之間應(yīng)該用連詞and。

51.B

52.D

53.AA項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)[iks]，而B(niǎo)、C、D三項(xiàng)劃線部分的發(fā)音是[igz]，因此選A項(xiàng)。

54.A

55.B解析：A，C，D項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)[ie]，而B(niǎo)項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)[i:]，因此選B項(xiàng)。

56.C解析：該題測(cè)試元音字母組合ea的讀音。A、B、D選項(xiàng)中ea發(fā)[i:]音；C選項(xiàng)中ea發(fā)[ei]音。ea發(fā)[ei]音的詞有g(shù)reat，break等。

57.A

58.C解析：畫(huà)線部分讀[a:]，其他選項(xiàng)的畫(huà)線部分讀[3e]。

59.C解析：畫(huà)線部分讀[α:]，其他選項(xiàng)的畫(huà)線部分讀[e]。

60.A

61.Ausedtodosth．過(guò)去常常做某事。Beusedtosth；習(xí)慣于某事。我很小的時(shí)候常去河里游泳。

62.D

63.B解析：本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句的用法。典型句式是：It+be+所強(qiáng)調(diào)的人或事物sb/st