Unit 4 第2課時(shí) 課文講解及句型拓展【核心素養(yǎng)提升+備課精講精研】 六年級(jí)英語下冊(cè) （牛津上海版）

StayingbehealthyEpisode2牛津上海版英語六年級(jí)第二學(xué)期Unit4CSingasongHelikessinging.Shelikesdancing.Welovemusic.Wereallylovemusic.Fun!Fun!Fun!Heenjoysrunning.Sheenjoysswimming.Welovesports.Wereallylovesports.Go!Go!Go!Weloveplaying.Wereallyloveplaying.Wewon’tforgetworking.Wereallyenjoyworking.Playandwork.Workandplay.Weloveboth.Weloveboth.CLookandmatchplayworkinoutbasketfoothomehouseclassballmatematedoorgroundplaygroundindooroutdoorbasketballhomeworkfootballclassmatehouseworkCLookandsayJack–playcardsS1:Whatdoes___likedoing?S2:He/Shelikes…S1:Isitanoutdooractivityoranindooractivity?S2:It’san___activity.Peter–makesnowcastlesTom-runAndy–dohouseworkSimon–dopuzzles3-1123C3-2S1:Whatdoes___likedoing?S2:He/Shelikes…S1:Isitanoutdooractivityoranindooractivity?S2:It’san___activity.Wilson–listentomusicPhilip–makemodelplanesAmy–swimEmily–drawpictures123C3-3S1:Whatdoes___likedoing?S2:He/Shelikes…S1:Isitanoutdooractivityoranindooractivity?S2:It’san___activity.Jolin–cookKitty–singMary–playvolleyballKate–haveabarbecueAngela–fish1232-1C12ReadandwriteBillyandAdahavedoneasurveyonactivities.Readtheirreportandfillintheblanks.Whatareyourfavouriteactivities?IndooractivitiesTwentystudentsenjoywatchingTVbest.Tenstudentsloveplayingcomputergames.Sixlikeplayingthepiano.Onlyfourlikereading.OutdooractivitiesTwenty-fivestudentsliketogoshoppingeveryweekend.TheirfavouriteplacesforshoppingareSandfield,DragonBayandEastEnd.Tenstudentsliketogocyclingontheweekendsandfiveliketohavebarbecues.2-2C12Whatareyourfavouriteactivities?Playingcomputergames10Playingthepiano6420Goingshopping25105INDOORACTIVITIESOUTDOORACTIVITIESReadingWatchingTVGoingcyclingHavingbarbecuesAsurveyCIngroups,findoutyourclassmates’favouriteindoorandoutdooractivities.S1:What’syourfavouriteindoor/outdooractivity?S2:Ilike…That’smyfavouriteindoor/outdooractivity.S3:Ilike…,too.S4:Idon’tlike…Ilike…That’smyfavouriteindoor/outdooractivity.122-1C2-212Writeyoursurveyresultsinthetablebelow.readingabookdoingpuzzlesathomeNo.ofstudentsIndooractivityswimmingplayingfootballNo.ofstudentsOutdooractivityWriteareportCLookatthesurveyforyourgroup.Writeareportaboutyourclassmates’favouriteindoor/outdooractivities._____studentslike___________________________._____studentslike___________________________.CDrawabarchart12345678910No.ofstudents++++++Indooractivities

Class

2-112C12345678910No.ofstudents++++++Outdooractivities

Class

2-212LookandsayCFourgirlsinourclasslikeplayingbasketball,butonlythreeboyslikeplayingbasketball.478223410GirlsBoysFavouritesportsinourclassCWriteareportThereare_____(howmany?)studentsinourclass.Thereare_____(howmany?)boysand_____girls._____girlslikeplayingbasketball,but…478223410GirlsBoysDailyexpressions.日常表達(dá)1.like/love/enjoydoing…喜歡做…e.

g.Manychildrenlike/love/enjoyflyingkitesonafineday.許多孩子喜歡在晴天放風(fēng)箏。2.haveaheadache頭痛“身體部位+ache”表示病痛。此處have意為“患病，得病”。e.

g.haveastomachache胃痛

havetoothache牙痛【知識(shí)拓展】其他對(duì)于身體不適的表達(dá)還有：haveacold感冒

haveafever發(fā)燒

3.practiseswimming練習(xí)游泳practisedoingsth.表示“練習(xí)做……”“訓(xùn)練……”的意思。e.g.Shepractisesplayingtheviolineverymorning.

她每天早上都練習(xí)拉小提琴。4.helpdothehousework幫忙做家務(wù)help(to)dosth.表示“幫忙做……”，有時(shí)可以改寫為helpwithsth。e.

g.Sallyoftenhelpshermumdothehousework.=Sallyoftenhelpshermumwiththehousework.莎莉經(jīng)常幫媽媽做家務(wù)。Ⅰ.ChoosetherightwordInthebracketstocompletethesentence.1.Ialways

.(havesorethroat/haveasorethroat).2.I'dliketo

(buy/sell)somebiscuitsformyson.3.

(Swim/Swimming)isakindofactivity.4.

Hehas(fewer/less)sheepthanyou,doesn'the?5.

(Both/Neither)ofmyparentsareteacher.【隨堂小練】【Keys】1.haveasorethroat2.buy3.Swimming4.fewer5.BothChoosethewordorexpressionwhichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpartineachsentence.A.wouldliketoB.sadC.withoutD.sendE.takehisadviceF.over( )1.Therearemorethanfiftystudentsinmyclass.( )2.QuYuanwasnothappyatthattime.( )3.Idon't'likericedumplingswithnomeat.( )4.Thenewkingdidn'tlistentohim.( )5.Iwanttohavesomepudding.( )6.IwillpostaChristmascardtomyfriend.【Keys】1.F2.B3.C4.E5.A6.DImportantSentencesstructures1.Helikessinging.【記憶鏈接】like/love/enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事Heenjoysreadingbookswhenheisfree.當(dāng)他空閑的時(shí)候他喜歡讀書?！就卣埂縠njoyoneself=haveagoodtime=havefun過得愉快Ihopeyouenjoyyourselves.我希望你們玩得開心。2.Workandplay,weloveboth.【記憶鏈接】both

pron.意為“兩者（都）……”，在本句中指的是學(xué)習(xí)和工作這兩件事。Bothofthetwinslikedoingpuzzles.這對(duì)雙胞胎都喜歡猜謎。【拓展】either要么...要么....(二者選其一)

neither兩者都不Eitherofthetwinsgoestoschoolbybus.雙胞胎中的其中一個(gè)坐公交去上學(xué)。Neitherofthetwinslikesswimming.這對(duì)雙胞胎都不喜歡游泳?！镒⒁猓篵othof+名詞/代詞+謂語動(dòng)詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Either/Neitherof+名詞/代詞+謂語動(dòng)詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。3.Wewon’tforgetworking.【記憶鏈接】forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事forgettodosth.忘記去做某事同類詞組：continue/goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做原來的事continue/goontodosth.繼續(xù)做另一件事rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事remembertodosth.記得去做某事stopdoingsth.停止手中的事stoptodosth.停下來去做另一件事4.Howoftendoyouexercise?【記憶鏈接】exercisen.&v.鍛煉，運(yùn)動(dòng)Takemoreexercisetostayhealthy.多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，以保持健康。（作名詞）Youshouldexercisemore

ifyouwanttoloseweight.如果你想減肥，就應(yīng)該多做運(yùn)動(dòng)。（作動(dòng)詞）【辨析】exercise

作“運(yùn)動(dòng)”解釋時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞作“體操”和“練習(xí)”解釋時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞?！就卣埂縃owoften是對(duì)動(dòng)作的頻率進(jìn)行提問，Howmanytimes是對(duì)動(dòng)作的次數(shù)進(jìn)行提問。Igoshoppingwithmymothertwiceaweek.對(duì)“twiceaweek”提問：Howoftendoyougoshoppingwithyourmother?對(duì)“twice”提問：Howmanytimesdoyougoshoppingwithyourmother?5.-WhatshouldIdo?-Youshouldwatchlesstelevision.【記憶鏈接】

★should表示勸告、建議、命令等，意為“應(yīng)該”。Youshouldwashyourhandsfirst.

你應(yīng)該先洗手?！飈ess為little的比較級(jí)，通常與不可數(shù)名詞連用。TodayWaterintheriverislessthanbefore.如今小河里的水比以前少?！倦S堂小練】1．Wilsonisagoodstudent.Healways__________veryhard.A．study B．studies C．studying D．studied【答案】B【詳解】句意：威爾遜是個(gè)好學(xué)生。他總是學(xué)習(xí)很努力?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的“always”可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是第三人稱“He”，所以謂語動(dòng)詞用三單形式，故選B。2．Pleasekeep__________.Thegrandpaissleepingnow.A．quietly B．quite C．quiet【答案】C【詳解】句意：請(qǐng)保持安靜。爺爺正在睡覺。考查詞匯辨析。quietly副詞，表示“輕聲地；輕柔地；安靜地”；quite副詞，表示“相當(dāng)；完全”；quiet形容詞，表示“安靜的”。根據(jù)“Thegrandpaissleepingnow.”可知，此處表達(dá)保持安靜。keep系動(dòng)詞，其后接形容詞作表語。故選C。一、劃線部分提問1．Davidoftengoestotheschoollibraryatfourthirty.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)________Davidoftengototheschoollibrary?2．Myhouseismorethantenminutes’walkfromhere.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)________________isyourhousefromhere?3．Thesupermarketisaboutfourkilometersfrommyhome.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)________________isthesupermarketfromyourhome?4．Shedoesn’tliketigersbecausetheyaretooscary.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)________________sheliketigers?5．Thesunisabout1,300,000timeslargerthantheEarth.(劃線部分提問)________________________________theEarth________thanthesun?6．Aliceisreadingabookinthelibrary.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)________Alice________inthelibrary?7．Stevehastofinishhomeworkbefore9:00p.m.everynight.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）________Stevehavetodoeverynight?8．Itusuallytakesmetwohourstofinishmyhomework.(對(duì)畫線部分提問）________doesitusuallytakeyoutofinishyourhomework?9．Tomisofmediumheight.（對(duì)畫線部分提問）________doesTom________________?10．Ittookmetwodaystomakeapumpkinlantern.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)________________________it________youtomakeapumpkinlantern?隨堂練習(xí)一1．Whendoes【詳解】句意：大衛(wèi)經(jīng)常在四點(diǎn)半去學(xué)校圖書館。劃線部分“atfourthirty”表示時(shí)間，對(duì)其提問用when，句首首字母大寫；原句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞“goes”，故改為一般疑問句要用助動(dòng)詞does，放在主語前，疑問詞后。故填Whendoes。2．

How

far【詳解】句意：我家離這里步行超過十分鐘。根據(jù)劃線部分“morethantenminutes’walk”可知，此處提問距離，應(yīng)該用howfar“多遠(yuǎn)”進(jìn)行提問，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填How；far。3．

How

far【詳解】句意：超市離我家大約四公里。劃線部分表示距離，所以應(yīng)用howfar“多遠(yuǎn)”提問。故填How；far。4．

Why

doesn’t【詳解】句意：她不喜歡老虎因?yàn)樗鼈兲珖樔肆?。劃線部分為原因狀語從句，疑問句應(yīng)用why來提問，句首首字母w需要大寫，原句謂語的助動(dòng)詞doesn’t放在特殊疑問詞后面，故填Why；doesn’t。5．

How

many

times

is

larger【詳解】句意：太陽大約是地球的130萬倍。劃線部分是倍數(shù)，此處應(yīng)詢問“多少倍”，time“倍”是可數(shù)名詞，疑問詞用howmany，后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)times；變疑問句時(shí)把is放主語之前，其他不變。故填How；many；times；is；larger。6．

What’s

doing【詳解】句意：愛麗絲正在圖書館看書。根據(jù)劃線部分“readingabook”可知，應(yīng)該用what提問，句子是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，動(dòng)詞部分用doing，故填What’s；doing。7．Whatdoes【詳解】句意：史蒂夫不得不在每天晚上九點(diǎn)前做完作業(yè)。劃線部分“finishhomeworkbefore9:00p.m.”表示做某件事，應(yīng)用what來提問，位于句首，首字母要大寫；原句中的has說明句子采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，疑問句中應(yīng)借助助動(dòng)詞does。故填Whatdoes。8．Howlong【詳解】句意：完成我的家庭作業(yè)通?；ㄙM(fèi)我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。劃線部分“twohours”表示一段時(shí)間，對(duì)一段時(shí)間提問要用Howlong。故填Howlong。9．

What

look

like【詳解】句意：Tom是中等身高。劃線部分ofmediumheight是介詞短語，形容人的外貌，表示為“中等身高”，當(dāng)詢問某人外貌特征時(shí)，可用句式whatdo/doessb.looklike“某人長得怎么樣”。故填What；look；like。10．

How

long

did

take【詳解】句意：我花了兩天時(shí)間做了一個(gè)南瓜燈。劃線部分是時(shí)間段，疑問詞用howlong；根據(jù)“took”可知變疑問句時(shí)借助助動(dòng)詞did，后加動(dòng)詞原形。故填How；long；did；take。二、同義句轉(zhuǎn)化11．HealwaystakesaplanetoBeijing.(改為同義句)HealwaysgoestoBeijing________________.12．Acrossfromthehotelisapark.（改為同義句）________________aparkacrossfromthehotel.13．Sheisnottooheavyortoolight.（改為同義句）Sheis________________________.14．Withthisbook,studentswon’tbeafraidoflearningEnglishanymore.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)______________________________________15．Iwasveryafraidtogoswimminginthelake.(改為同義句)Iwasveryafraid________________swimminginthelake.16．Marydidn’twanttostopformeals.(改為同義句)Marydidn’twanttostop________________meals.17．Thefirstcomputerwasasbigasahouse.

(改為同義句)Thefirstcomputerwas________________________________ahouse.18．Hewon’tgodancinganymore.(改為同義句)Hewill________________godancing.He’ll________________dancing.19．Theartistcanusechalktodraw3-Dpictures.(改為同義句)Theartistcandraw3-Dpictures________________.20．Thebottleisfullofwater.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)________________________________________________隨堂練習(xí)二11．

by

plane##air【詳解】句意：他總是坐飛機(jī)去北京。takeaplane可用byplane/air“乘飛機(jī)”來替換。故填by；plane/air。12．

There

is【詳解】句意：酒店對(duì)面是一個(gè)公園。根據(jù)“...aparkacrossfromthehotel.”可知，此處可用therebe句式來表示“某地有某物”，結(jié)合題干可知，該句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且空后是單數(shù)名詞apark，此時(shí)be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is。故填There；is。13．

of

medium

build【詳解】句意：她既沒有過重，也沒有過輕。根據(jù)“Sheisnottooheavyortoolight.”可知，她沒有過重或過輕，即她是中等身材，結(jié)合“Sheis...”，可用介詞短語ofmediumbuild，作表語。故填of；medium；build。14．Withthisbook,studentswillbenomoreafraidoflearningEnglish.【詳解】句意：有了這本書，學(xué)生們就不再害怕學(xué)習(xí)英語了。本題要求改為同義句，not...anymore=nomore“不再”。故填Withthisbook,studentswillbenomoreafraidoflearningEnglish.15．

of

going【詳解】句意：我很害怕去湖里游泳。描述害怕做某事“beafraidtodo”或者“beafraidofdoing”兩者可以互換。故填of；going。16．

to

have【詳解】句意：瑪麗不想停下來吃飯。此題要求改為同義句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，原句中的stopformeals=stoptohavemeals意為“停下來吃飯”。故填to；have。17．

the

same

size

as【詳解】句意：第一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)和房子一樣大。asbigas“和……一樣大”，也可以用thesamesizeas...“與……相同大小”替換。故填the；same；size；as。18．

no

more##longer

give

up【詳解】句意：他不會(huì)再去跳舞了。表示“不再做某事”可用結(jié)構(gòu)nomore/nolonger；也可表示為“放棄跳舞”，giveup“放棄”，will后加動(dòng)詞原形。故填no；more/longer；give；up。19．

with

chalk【詳解】句意：這位藝術(shù)家可以用粉筆畫三維圖片。此處表示“用粉筆”可用結(jié)構(gòu)withchalk。故填with；chalk。20．Thebottleisfilledwithwater.【詳解】句意：瓶子里裝滿了水。此處考查同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，形容詞短語befullof=befilledwith“裝滿”。故填Thebottleisfilledwithwater.三、改寫句子21．Thefivestudentsarehelpingtheoldwoman.（改為一般疑問句）________thefivestudents________theoldwoman?22．Therearesomeflowersondesk.(改為一般疑問句)________________________flowersonthedesk?23．Shewearsabluesweatertoday.（改為一般疑問句）________she________abluesweatertoday?24．Iwasinterestedinmusictwoyearsago.(改為一般疑問句)________________interestedinmusictwoyearsago?25．It’sveryinteresting.(改為否定疑問句)________________veryinteresting?26．Shehastocleanherroomeveryday.(改為一般疑問句)_______she_______tocleanherroomeveryday?27．Sometimeshesitsinfrontofthebuilding.（用now改句）He________________infrontofthebuildingnow.28．Sallyhaslonghair.（用shorthair改為選擇疑問句）_________Sally_________longhair_________shorthair?29．Themanissleeping.Thewindowisopen.(合并為一句)Themanissleeping________________________________.30．Therearesomebonesinthebackofelephants’feet.(改為否定句)There________________bonesinthebackofelephants’feet.隨堂練習(xí)三21．

Are

helping【詳解】句意：五位學(xué)生正在幫助老婦人。根據(jù)“arehelping”，可知原句是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為Be+主語+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他。故填A(yù)re；helping。22．

Are

there

any【詳解】句意：桌子上有一些花。原句為therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，變一般疑問句要把be動(dòng)詞放在there前；some變?yōu)閍ny。故填A(yù)re；there；any。23．

Does

wear【詳解】句意：她今天穿著一件藍(lán)色毛衣。結(jié)合題干可知，原句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的陳述句，主語為she，其對(duì)應(yīng)的一般疑問句“...she...abluesweatertoday?”應(yīng)由助動(dòng)詞does來提問，且此時(shí)位于主語she后的動(dòng)詞wear應(yīng)用原形。故填Does；wear。24．

Were

you【詳解】句意：兩年前我就對(duì)音樂感興趣了。含有be動(dòng)詞的肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?，需把be動(dòng)詞提到主語前，第一人稱I變?yōu)榈诙朔Qyou，所以對(duì)應(yīng)的be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用were。故填Were；you。25．

Isn’t

it【詳解】句意：這很有趣。原句為肯定句，改為否定疑問句，須將be動(dòng)詞的否定形式isn’t放在句首，并大寫句首字母，主語放在其后。故填I(lǐng)sn’t；it。26．

Does

have【詳解】句意：她不得不每天打掃房間。根據(jù)題意改為一般疑問句，原句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)，hasto是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，意為“不得不”，變一般疑問句，需借助助動(dòng)詞does來完成，其結(jié)構(gòu)是Does+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？has的原形是have，havetodosth.“不得不去做某事”，固定短語。故填Does；have。27．

is

sitting【詳解】句意：有時(shí)他坐在大樓前。用now改句后，時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：am/is/aredoing，主語是he，be動(dòng)詞用is，sits變?yōu)閟itting，故填is；sitting。28．

Does

have

or【詳解】句意：莎莉有一頭長發(fā)。選擇疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)是“一般疑問句+or+選擇部分”，原句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句中含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞has，所以疑問句中助動(dòng)詞用does，后跟動(dòng)詞原形，“l(fā)onghair”和“shorthair”之間用or連接，故填Does；have；or。29．

with

the

window

open【詳解】句意：那個(gè)男人正在睡覺。窗戶是開著的。合并為一句時(shí)，表示窗戶開著的狀態(tài)，可用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)with+名詞+形容詞，withthewindowopen“窗戶開著”。故填with；the；window；open。30．

aren’t

any【詳解】句意：在大象的腳背部有一些骨頭?？疾楹衎e動(dòng)詞are的句子變否定句，在are后加not縮寫成aren’t。some在否定句中要變成any。故填aren’t；any。四、將所給單詞連成句子31．a(chǎn)re,the,swimming,boys,the,pool,in_________________________________________?32．time,they,have,do,what,breakfast__________________________________________________________?33．you,are,with,good,people,old_____________________________________________________________?34．people,ivory,also,kill,elephants,for,their(.)________________________________________.35．play,to,you,Do,join,want,me,to,chess(連詞成句)_____________________________________?36．school,get,how,to,long,does,take,to,it__________________________________________________________?37．places,elephants,remember,with,can,foodandwater______________________________________________.38．is,

for,

just,

theweather,

walking,

right______________________________________________.39．it,

take,

does,

getto,

bybus,

thepark,

howlong,

to______________________________________________?40．a(chǎn)re,there,a,of,lot,things,can,you,do(.)________________________________________.隨堂練習(xí)四31．Aretheboysswimminginthepool【詳解】theboys作主語；areswimming是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)，一般疑問句將are提到句首；inthepool是地點(diǎn)，放在句末，故填A(yù)retheboysswimminginthepool“男孩們?cè)谟斡境乩镉斡締帷薄?2．Whattimedotheyhavebreakfast【詳解】根據(jù)句末標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)可知，本句是問句，whattime位于句首進(jìn)行提問，助動(dòng)詞do位于其后。they作主語，have作謂語動(dòng)詞，breakfast作賓語。故答案為：Whattimedotheyhavebreakfast“他