Unit+4+Discovering+Useful+Structures課件【高效備課精研+知識精講提升】高中英語人教版（2019）必修第二冊

UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSExpressfeelingsanddescribesituationsTolearntousethepastparticiplesastheattributeandtheobjectcomplement.2.Tobeabletowriteastoryordescribesituationsbyusingthepastparticiples.Whatisthepastparticiple?abrokenheartaninjuredmancrowdedbuses1

Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.

2

Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,…3TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,…請觀察句中過去分詞與它相關(guān)聯(lián)的名詞的邏輯關(guān)系。請觀察過去分詞作定語時(shí)的位置。分析三個(gè)例句中分詞或分詞短語的句子成分。1

Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.

2

Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,…3TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,…Lookatthesentencesandunderlinethepastparticiples.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctions.Thenfindmoresentenceswiththe-edforminthetext.astheattributeastheattributeastheattributeastheobjectcomplementTheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,England—manypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.Moreexamples:Thenewproductfinallypassedtherequiredtest.ItisahousebuiltbytheRomans.Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.Unfortunatelyhehadhislegbrokenyesterday.Whenthepastparticipleisusedastheobjectcomplement,itisoftenformedwiththe“have/get/feel/find/…+object+-edform”.PastParticiplesastheAttribute(2)visitors_______ofthelongwait/…atrip_________wellbymyworkplace/…stars________beautifullyattheevent/…Completethephrasesintherightcolumnbyusingthepastparticiplesintheleftcolumn.Comparethemeaningofeachpairofphrases.Thenmakesentenceswiththephrases.PastParticiplesastheAttribute(1)tiredvisitorsawell-organisedtripbeautifullydressedstars·tiredorganiseddressed過去分詞(短語)作定語過去分詞作定語時(shí)和被修飾詞之間是被動關(guān)系；過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)位于被修飾詞之后，即后置定語，而單個(gè)過去分詞作定語時(shí)一般前置；當(dāng)過去分詞是像state-owned,heart-felt,hand-made等這樣的復(fù)合形式，或者前面有副詞修飾時(shí)，一般放在被修飾詞前面作前置定語。如前面例句中的

“awell-organisedtrip”。及物動詞的過去分詞作定語被修飾詞與過去分詞為被動關(guān)系且表示動作已完成或描述狀態(tài)Heisateacherlovedby

hisstudents.不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語沒有被動意義，只表示動作已完成Therelivedaretiredteacherinthearea.過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示被動的、完成的動作，賓語補(bǔ)足語與賓語之間常常存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，即賓語是過去分詞所表示的動作的承受者。Hefoundthedoorlocked.Isawhimtakenawayinanambulance.Youshouldhaveyourphonerepaired.過去分詞(短語)作賓語補(bǔ)足語常接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有感官動詞，如watch,see,observe,look,hear,listen,find,notice等；使役動詞如make,get,have,keep,leave等。egIwatchedthedeskcarriedoutoftheclassroom.

Themanfoundhishometownentirelydestroyed.Mymotherhasherhaircuteverytwomonths.Wemustgettheworkfinishedbefore6o’clock.Thespeakerdidn’tknowhowtomakehimselfunderstood.

want,order等表示希望、命令等意義的動詞后也常跟過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。egAllofuswantedsuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting.Themanagerorderedtheproblemsettledassoonaspossible.介詞with后也可接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，構(gòu)成with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。egWithmoreflowersplanted,thegardenlooksmuchmorebeautiful.

現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語有什么區(qū)別？Isawhimgetoffthebus.Isawhimlyingontheroad.Isawhimknockeddownbyacar.do主動，全過程done被動，完成doing主動，進(jìn)行Readthesentencesandunderlinethe-edformastheobjectcomplement.1JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.2Whenwefinallyreachedtheservicedesktoaskforaudioguides,wehearditannouncedthattherewerenoaudioguidesleft.3WefoundourselvesverysurprisedbythelargenumberofvisitorsandtheamountofnoiseattheentranceoftheNationalGallery.4JudyhadhereyesfixedonVanGogh’sSunflowers.Itwashardtoapproachthepaintingasthereweresomanypeoplearound.5Shehadacopyofthepaintingboxedtoensurethatitwasdeliveredsafely.Rewritethesentenceswithpastparticlesastheattribute,andthenseewhetheryoucanwritealittlestorywiththem.1LochNesswassurroundedbybeautifulnaturallandscape,whichmadeitlookamazing.LochNesssurroundedbybeautifulnaturallandscapelookedamazing.2Carlandhisfriendsstayedwithagenerousfamilywhoofferedthembreadwithbutterandhoneythatwashomemade.Carlandhisfriendsstayedwithagenerousfamilywhoofferedthemhomemadebreadwithbutterandhoney.3Thefamily’sancestorsonceattendedtosoldierswhowerewoundedintheFirstWorldWar.Thefamily’sancestorsonceattendedtowoundedsoldiersintheFirstWorldWar.4TheyoungpeoplewereattractedbythelegendofLochNess.Theywatchedoverthelakewiththeircamerasandbinoculars,whichwerepositionedonthehill.TheyoungpeopleattractedbythelegendofLochNesswatchedoverthelakewiththeircamerasandbinocularspositionedonthehill.PracticeYouareapolicemanwritingareportaboutahousethathasbeenbrokeninto.Usethepastparticiplebelowastheobjectcomplementtodescribewhatyoufound.ReportofaHouseBreak-inat26MountPleasantRoad,CambridgeWhenIenteredthehouseIfoundthetelephone_____________,thewindows________andthedoor________.Iwasovercomebythesmell.disconnectedbrokenopenedsteal,disconnect,wash,repair,mend,check,open,lock,examine,clean,break,insure(給……上保險(xiǎn))PracticeIhadtogetthekitchen________,thecooker_______andthefloor________beforeIcouldlookintotheproblem.MrsSmithhadhadthehouse________and________afewmonthsagosoitshouldhavebeensafe.Nobodyshouldhavebeenabletoenterwithoutpermission.Ihadthelocks_________andthewindows_________beforeIleft.MrsSmithwasverygrateful.cleanedrepairedwashedlockedmendedcheckedexaminedsteal,disconnect,wash,repair,mend,check,open,lock,examine,clean,break,insure(給……上保險(xiǎn))PracticeShehadonlyhadthreevaluablejewels______andasshehadhadthem_______shewasnottooupset.Shethinksthegardenermayhavestolenakeyandbethepersonwhobrokeintothehouse.Signed:PoliceConstableStephenBriggsDate:21/9/2022steal,disconnect,wash,repair,mend,check,open,lock,examine,clean,break,insure(給……上保險(xiǎn))insuredstolen1.

JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcarbatterycharged.chargev.

totakeinandstoreelectricity充電tostateofficiallythatsbmaybeguiltyofacrime控告toasksbforaparticularamountofmoneyforsthyouareselling收費(fèi)egThehotelcharges$125anight.Gibbonshasbeenchargedwithmurder.【歸納】takechargeof

負(fù)責(zé)管理/照顧chargesb.withsth.

指控某人犯……罪inchargeof

負(fù)責(zé),主管chargesb.for(doing)sth.

收取某人(做)……的費(fèi)用inthechargeof

由……負(fù)責(zé)freeofcharge免費(fèi)chargen.v.chargen.

收費(fèi);指控;主管【語境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)Yourorderwillbedelivered_____________(免費(fèi))withinaten-milelimit.2)Theychargedmefivedollars______acupofcoffee.3)Theprojectis________________(在……掌管之下)anexperiencedengineer.4)Themanarrestedbythepolice________________(被指控)stealing.5)Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswas_________(要價(jià)，收費(fèi)).waschargedwithfreeofchargeforinthechargeofcharged2.Whenwefinallyreachedtheservicedesktoaskforaudioguides,wehearditannouncedthattherewerenoaudioguidesleft.

announcevt.1)tostateormakeknown,especiallypublicly宣布，宣告；通知2)toshowthatsomethingisgoingtohappen作為……的跡象；顯示egTheyhaveannouncedthedateoftheirweddinginthenewspaper.Sheannouncedthatshehasnointentionofleavingherhusband.Gatheringcloudsannouncedtheoncomingstorm.【拓展】announcementn.

宣告、布告、通告、宣布，是可數(shù)名詞。announcern.

廣播員、報(bào)幕員

【即學(xué)即練】

根據(jù)括號中的漢語提示完成句子。1)ThespokesmanoftheForeignMinistry_______________________________(向記者發(fā)布新聞).2)Footsteps___________________________(說明她回來了).3)Attention,please!Ihave________________________(重要通知)tomake.announcedthenewstothereportersannouncedherreturnanimportantannouncement3.

JudyhadhereyesfixedonVanGogh’sSunflowers.Itwashardtoapproachthepaintingasthereweresomanypeoplearound.approachv.

tomovetowardsornearertosborsth接近;靠近

todealwithsth著手處理

tospeakto,writeto,orvisitsbinordertodosth

接洽

egI’mnotsurehowtoapproachtheproblem.She’sbeen

approached

byamodellingagency.

approachn.接近;方法;途徑【歸納】1)approachsb.for/aboutsth.要求某人(做)……

beapproaching快到了；正在接近2)attheapproachof

在……快到的時(shí)候

makeanapproach/approachesto

接近；逼近；交涉；對……進(jìn)行探討

an

approachto

(doing)sth(做某事)的方法(途徑)【語境應(yīng)用】單句語法填空。1)____________(approach)thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metresinheight.2)Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproaches__________thestudyofmathematics.3)Whatweneedarenewapproaches__________solvingtheproblem.4)Facingyourproblemsisthebestapproachto___________(work)thingsout.Approachingtotoworking①表達(dá)“做……的方法”時(shí)各自的搭配分別是：

theapproachto(doing)sth. thewaytodo/of(doing)sth. themeansof(doing)sth. themethodof(doing)sth.②分別與不同的介詞搭配：

withthismethod,inthi