清華大學(xué)2003-2007年博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題(常用版)

清華大學(xué)2003-2007年博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題（常用版）(可以直接使用，可編輯完整版資料，歡迎下載）

清華大學(xué)2003年博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題清華大學(xué)2003-2007年博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題（常用版）(可以直接使用，可編輯完整版資料，歡迎下載）PartⅠListeningComprehension(20%)(略)PartⅡVocabulary(10%)Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestonethatcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughcenter.16．Writtenatleast100yearsago,thehandwritingfadedandcertainlybecame______.A．infiniteB．illegibleC．infectiousD．immune17．Itisdoubtfulwhetheranyonecanbeatruly______observerofevents.A．inadequateB．impassiveC．geniusD．impartial18．Shewas______bythelackofappreciationshownofherhardwork.A．frustratedB．dispersedC．functionedD．displaced19．Theshuttleexplodedintheairsuddenlyandbrokeinto______atonce.A．diversityB．fragmentsC．doctrineD．drought20．Asthesocietyhasrigidsocial______,everyoneknowshisroleinthesociety.A．hemisphereB．contemptC．controversyD．hierarchy21．Threeyearshave______sincewelastmetattheconferenceforInternetcommunicationinBeijing.A．elapsedB．discernedC．discontentedD．electrified22．Itturnedoutthathehad______thewholestoryjusttocheathisfriends.A．dissipatedB．divergedC．detachedD．fabricated23．Hehadaclear______ofwhatwaswrongwiththemachineandfixeditinashorttime.A．debrisB．deficiencyC．perceptionD．persecution24．Fortenyearstheproblemaboutthewaterhasnotbeensolved,wecametothinkthatithasbeena______probleminthisarea.A．perpetualB．persuasiveC．picturesqueD．possessive25．Hewas______bythenoiseoutsideyesterdayeveningandcouldnotconcentrateonhisstudy.A．peckedB．orientedC．perturbedD．paddled26．Heisofteninclinedto______inotherpeople’saffairs,whichisnoneofhisbusiness.A．manipulatedB．lumberedC．meddleD．littered27．Hepracticed______onherandmanagedtoget$2,000．A．linenB．deceptionC．longitudeD．paradise28．Hewas______totakeoverthedutiesandresponsibilitiesofhisfatherfromanearlyage.A．deducedB．dampedC．diminishedD．destined29．Suchquestionsshouldbeapproachedhonestlyandinfullawarenessthat______loanagreementswillcostmoneyduetocancellationorothercharges.A．compressingB．terminatingC．conformingD．contending30．Theroomwasfullofpeopleandsmoke.Shestartedtofeel______withtheheatinside.A．oppressedB．congestedC．confrontedD．craned31．Thelanguageexpertsbelievethatthe______ageforlearningaforeignlanguageis6yearsold.A．conceptualB．considerateC．optimalD．component32．Shegotveryangryand______herclothesaboutintheroom.A．flungB．flewC．clampedD．clashed33．Heknewthathewouldbepunishedseverelybecauseofhisseriouserror.Thereforehe______awaythedaybeforeyesterday.A．cautionedB．fledC．chatteredD．civilized34．Theevilmannerswouldbe______rootandbranchduetotheforcefulactiontakenbythelocalgovernment.A．exterminatedB．exemplifiedC．facilitatedD．emitted35．Weallknowthatitisveryhardto______himtogivehisplanup.A．endeavorB．reduceC．a(chǎn)ssertD．inducePartⅢReadingComprehension(40%)Directions:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD．YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandthenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Ascorchingsun,anendlessseaofsandandawaterless,forbiddinglylonelylandthatistheimagemostpeoplehaveofdeserts.Buthowtrueisthispicture?Desertsaredrylandswhererainfallislow.Thisisnottosayrainneverfallsindeserts:itmayfallonceortwiceayearinafiercetorrentthatfadesalmostassoonasithasbegun,orwhichevaporatesinthehotairlongbeforeithasgotanywhereneartheearth.Itmayfallinasuddensweepingfloodthatcarrieseverythinginitspath.Rainsmayonlycomeonceinfiveorsixyearsornotfallforadecadeormore.TheMojavedesertintheUnitedStatesremaineddryfortwenty-fiveyears.Withoutwaternolivingthingcansurvive,andonefeatureofthetruedesertlandscapeistheabsenceofvegetation.Withlittlerainandhardlyanyvegetationthelandsuffersunderthesun.Therearevirtuallynocloudsortreestoprotecttheearth’ssurfaceanditcanbeburninghot.Underthesun,soilsbreakupandcrack.Windandtorrentialrainsweepawayanderodethesurfacefurther.Eightmillionsquarekilometersoftheworld’slandsurfaceisdesert.Throughouthistorydesertshavebeenexpandingandretreatingagain.CavepaintingsshowthatpartsoftheSaharaDesertweregreenandfertileabout10,000yearsago,andevenanimalslikeelephantsandgiraffesroamedtheland.Fossilanddunesfoundinfertileanddamppartsoftheworldshowthattheseareaswereoncedeserts.Butnowthecreationofnewdesertareasishappeningonacolossalscale.Twentymillionsquarekilometers,anareatwicethesizeofCanada,isatahightoveryhighriskofbecomingdesert.Withafurther1.25millionsquarekilometersundermoderaterisk,anareacovering30%oftheearth’slandsurfaceisdesert,becomingdesert,orindangerofbecomingdesert.Therateofgrowthofdesertsisalarming.Theworld’sdrylandswhichareunderthreatincludesomeofthemostimportantstock-rearingandwheat-growingareasandarethehomesof600～700millionpeople.Theseregionsarebecomingdesertsattherateofmorethan58,000squarekilometersayearor44hectaresaminute.InNorthAfricaatleast100,000hectaresofcroplandarelosteachyear.Atthisratethereisahighriskthatwewillbeconfinedtolivingononly50%ofthisplanet'slandsurfacewithinonemorecenturyunlessweareabletodosomethingaboutit.36．Whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutrainfallinthedesert?A．Itneverrains.B．Itrainssolittlethatnothingcanlive.C．Itrainsunexpectedly.D．Itrainsveryinfrequently.37．Desertsoilsbreakupandcrackbecauseof______.A．theeffectsofwindandminB．thelackofprotectionfromthesunC．thetropicallocationofdesertsD．theabsenceofrain38．Whatdowelearnaboutdesertsfromthistext?A．Desertscanchangeintogreenandfertileareas.B．Certainareashavealwaysbeendesert.C．Desertswereoncethehomeofelephantsandgiraffes.D．Desertshavebeengrowingsincethebeginningoftheworld.39．Howmuchoftheworld'slandsurfaceisatriskofbecomingdesert?A．Lessthantenmillionsquarekilometers.B．Twentymillionsquarekilometers.C．Morethantwentymillionsquarekilometers.D．30%oftheworld'slandsurface.40．Whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutthecreationofnewdesertareas?A．Itisanaturaldevelopment.B．Theproblemisnotveryserious.C．Itisaveryworryingproblem.D．Thesituationwillimproveintime.Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thefirstthingtonoticeisthatthemediawe'reallfamiliarwith—frombookstotelevisionareone-waypropositions:theypushtheircontentatus.TheWebistwo-way,pushandpull.Infinerpoint,itcombinestheone-wayreachofbroadcastwiththetwo-wayreciprocity(互惠)ofamid-cast.Indeed,itsusercanatoncebeareceiverandsenderofbroadcast—aconfusingproperty,butmind-stretching!AsecondaspectoftheWebisthatitisthefirstmediumthathonorsthenotionofmultipleintelligences.Thispastcentury'sconceptofliteracygrewoutofourintensebeliefintext,afocusenhancedbythepowerofoneparticulartechnology—thetypewriter.Itbecameagreattoolforwritersbutaterribleoneforothercreativeactivitiessuchassketching,painting,notatingmusic,orevenmathematics.Thetypewriterprizedoneparticularkindofintelligence,butwiththeWeb,wesuddenlyhaveamediumthathonorsmultipleformsofintelligence—abstract,textual,visual,musical,social,andkinesthetic.Aseducators,wenowhaveachancetoconstructamediumthatenablesallyoungpeopletobecomeengagedintheiridealwayoflearning.TheWebaffordsthematchweneedbetweenamediumandhowaparticularpersonlearns.AthirdandunusualaspectoftheWebisthatitleverages(起杠桿作用)thesmalleffortsofthemanywiththelargeeffortsofthefew.Forexample,researchersintheMaricopaCountyCommunityCollegesysteminPhoenixhavefoundawaytolinkasetofseniorcitizenswithpupilsintheLongviewElementarySchool,ashelper-mentors(顧問(wèn)).It'swonderfultoseekidslistentothesegrandparentsbetterthantheydototheirownparents,thementoringreallyhelpstheirteachers,andtheseniorscreateasenseofmeaningforthemselves.Thus,thesmalleffortsoftheman—theseniors—complementthelargeeffortsofthefew—theteachers.ThesamethingcanbefoundinoperationatHewlett-Packard,whereengineersusetheWebtohelpkidswithscienceormathproblems.Bothoftheseexamplesbarelyscratchthesurfaceaswethinkaboutwhat'spossiblewhenwestartinterlacingresourceswithneedsacrossawholeregion.41．Whatdoesthewordmind-stretchingimply?A．Obtainingone'smentalpower.B．Strengtheningone'spowerofthought.C．Makinggreatdemandsonone'smentalpower.D．Exertingone'smentalpowerasfaraspossible.42．Whatisaterribletoolforactivitiessuchassketchingandpainting?A．Technology.B．Typewriter.C．Text.D．Theweb.43．Whichgroupofpeoplemakesomeeffortstohelppupilsinelementaryschools?A．Teachers.B．Researchers.C．Grandparents.D．Seniorcitizens.44．Thesentencetheseniorscreateasenseofmeaningforthemselvesmeanstheseniors______.A．a(chǎn)cquireanewmeaningoftheirlivesB．understandthemeaningofthewebC．createawebsiteforthemselvesD．a(chǎn)ddanewmeaningtotheweb45．Theexpression“scratchthesurface”mostprobablymeansA．thinkhardinapuzzledwayB．dealwithaproblemthoroughlyC．treatasubjectwithoutbeingthoroughD．workoutasolutionforaproblemeasilyQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thereisnoquestionthattheoldstyleofairpollutioncouldkillpeople.Inoneweekfollowingtheinfamous“peasouper”foginDecember1952,4,700peoplediedinLondon.Mostofthesepeoplewereelderlyandalreadyhadheartorlungdiseases.AseriesofthesekillerfogseventuallyledtotheBritishPassingtheCleanAirActwhichrestrictedtheburningofcoal.Fortunatelytheeffectofsmogonthelungsisnotsodramatic.Scientistshavenowconductedanumberoflaboratoryexperimentsinwhichvolunteersareexposedtoozoneinsideasteelchamberforafewhours.Evenatquitelowconcentrationsthereisareversiblefallinlungfunction,anincreaseintheirritabilityofthelungsandevidenceofairwayinflammation(發(fā)炎).Althoughirritableandinflamedlungsareparticularlyseeninpeoplewithasthma(哮喘)andotherlungdiseases,theseeffectsofozonealsooccurinhealthysubjects.Similarchangesarealsoseenafterexposuretonitrogendioxide,althoughthereissomedisagreementabouttheconcentrationatwhichtheyoccur.Otherstudieshavefoundthatpeoplelivinginareaswithhighlevelsofpollutionhavemoresymptomsandworsehungfunctionthanthoselivinginareaswithcleanair.Groupsofchildrenattendingschoolcampsshowfallsinlungfunctionevenatquitelowconcentrationsofozone.Thereisalsoarelationshipbetweenozonelevelsandhospitaladmissionsforasthma,bothinNorthAmericaandAustralia.Itissuspectedthatlong-termexposuretosmogmayresultinchronicbronchitis(支氣管炎)andemphysema(肺氣腫),butthishasyettobeproven.RecentlyanassociationhasbeenfoundbetweenthelevelsofparticlesintheairanddeathratesinNorthAmericancities.ThereasonforthisassociationisnotunderstoodandasyetthereisnoevidencethisoccursinAustralia.However,wedoknowthathazydaysareassociatedwithmoreasthmaattacksinchildren.46．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheresultoflaboratoryexperiments?A．Lowconcentrations.B．Fallinlungfunction.C．Irritabilityofthelungs.D．Airwayinflammation.47．Irritableandinflamedlungsarealsoseeninpeoplewith______.A．a(chǎn)sthmaB．lungdiseasesC．goodhealthD．weakhealth48．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasapossiblecauseoflungdiseases?A．Theburningofcoal.B．Long-termexposuretosmog.C．Exposuretonitrogendioxide.D．Attendingschoolcamps.49．Therelationshipbetweenexposureto______hasnotyetbeendetermined.A．ozoneandfallinlungfunctionB．ozoneandlungdiseasessuchasasthmaC．nitrogendioxideandworselungfunctionD．smogandchronicbronchitisandemphysema50．Theassociationbetween______hasnotyetbeenfoundinAustralia.A．ozonelevelsandhospitaladmissionsforasthmaB．hazydaysandmoreasthmaattacksinchildrenC．thelevelsofparticlesintheairanddeathratesD．highlevelsofpollutionandmoresymptomsQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheeventsofSept.11haveratchetedupsecurityatAmericanairportstothehighestlevelever,accordingtoaspokesmanforTransportationSecretaryNormanMineta.Buttosaythereisplentyofroomforimprovementputsitmildly:Hundredsofemployeeswithaccesstohigh-securityareasat15U.S.airportshavebeenarrestedorindictedbyfederallawenforcementofficialsforusingphonySocialSecuritynumbers,lyingaboutcriminalconvictionsorbeingintheUnitedStatesillegally.Noneofthosearrestedhadterroristlinks,butsomeaviationexpertssaidtheworkerswereinapositiontohelpsmuggleweaponsorbombsaboardaircraftiftheyhadranted.TestsorderedbyPresidentBushandconductedbyfederalagentsat32airportsbetweenNovemberandFebruary,whenairportswereonhighestalert,showedthatSecurityscreenersfailedtodetectknives70%ofthetime,guns30%ofthetimeandsimulatedexplosives60%ofthetime.TwomembersoftheHouseTransportationCommitteearepushingtoreversetheadministration'soppositiontoarmingpilotsbecausegroupsrepresentingpilotsareinsistingthattheirmembersneedtobearmedasalastlineofdefense.AttorneyGeneralJohnAshcroftsaidthearrestsofhundredsofairportemployeesshowedthatthesystemofbackgroundchecks—donepiecemealbyairlines,privatecontractorsandothers—needstightening.Thatmuchispainfullyobvious.Whatisn'tcleariswhythesystemwassoporous(有漏洞的)tobeginwithandwhyitwasn'timmediatelytightenedafterthatinfamousTuesdayinSeptember.SomepeopleintheindustrywiselyhavesuggestedthatallairportworkersberequiredtopassthroughthesamemetaldetectorsandotherSecuritychecksasflightcrewsdo.CongresshasorderedthenewTranspirationSecurityAdministrationtofindwaystoenactjustsucharequirement.Unfortunately,nodeadlinehasbeenset,inpartbecausefederalofficialsarepreoccupiedwithgettingthousandsofnewbaggagescreenersinplacebyNov.19—whenthefedstakeoverairportsecurity—andinstallingbomb—detectionequipmentinallairportsbytheendoftheyear.Plainly,thosetwogoalsarecritical.Butitwouldbeamistaketogivelowprioritytofixingothergapingholesinthenation'sairportsecuritynet.Ifthefederalcrackdownisgoingtobeeffective,itneedstobecomprehensive.51．Thepossiblereasonforhundredsofairportemployeesbeingarrestedmightbeoneofthefollowingexcept______.A．usingfalseIDB．helpingothersinsmugglingC．beingintheU.S.illegallyD．denyingornotmentioningpastcrimes52．Figuresshowedthatsecurityscreenerswere______dangerousitems.A．a(chǎn)bletodetectB．notabletodetectC．noteffectiveindetectingD．veryeffectiveindetecting53．Whois/areagainstthepointthatpilotsneedtobearmed?A．Pilots.B．Federalagents.C．Theadministration.D．TwomembersoftheHouseTransportationCommittee.54．Whatdoestheword“infamous”mean?A．Notfamous.B．Wellknownforsomethingbad.C．Wellknownforsomethingexciting.D．Wellknownforsomethingpermanent.55．WhichoneisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Allthepassengersaresupposedtogothroughsecuritychecks.B．Alltheairportworkersaresupposedtogothroughsecuritychecks.C．Alltheflightcrewsaresupposedtogothroughsecuritychecks.D．Notallthefederalofficialsaresupposedtogothroughsecuritychecks.PartⅣCloze(10%)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD．YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.Whenaninventionismade,theinventorhasthreepossible56ofactionopentohim:hecangivetheinventiontotheworldbypublishingit,keeptheidea57,orpatentit.A58patentistheresultofabargain59betweenaninventorandthestate,buttheinventorgetsalimitedperiodofmonopolyandpublishesfulldetailsofhisinventiontothepublicafterthatperiod60.Onlyinthemostexceptionalcircumstances61thelifespanofapatent62toalterthisnormalprocessofevents.Thelongestextensionever63wastoGeorgesValensi;his1939patentforcolorTVreceivercircuitwasextendeduntil1971becauseformostofthepatent'snormallifetherewasnocolorTVto64andthusnohopeforrewardfortheinvention.Becauseapatentremainspermanently65afterithasterminated,theshelvesofthelibraryattachedtothe66officecontaindetailsofliterallymillionsofideasthatarefreeforanyonetouseand,if67thanhalfacentury,sometimesevenre-patent.Indeed,patentexpertsoftenadviseanyone68toavoidthehighcostofconductingasearchthrough69patentsthattheonesurewayofviolationofrelyotherinventor'srightistoplagiarizeadeadpatent.Likewise,becausepublicationofanideainanyotherform70invalidatesfurtherpatentsonthatidea,itistraditionally71totakeideasfromotherareasofprint.Muchmodemtechnologicaladvanceis72onthesepresumptionsoflegalsecurity.Anyoneclosely73inpatentsandinventionssoonlearnsthatmost“new”ideasare,infact,asoldasthehills.Itistheftreductiontocommercialpractice,eitherthroughnecessityordedication,orthroughtheavailabilityofnewtechnology,74makesnewsandmoney.Thebasicpatentforthetheoryformagneticrecordingdatesbackto1886．Manyoftheoriginalideasbehindtelevisionoriginate75thelate19thandearly20thcentury.56．A．workB．possibilityC．measuresD．courses57．A．openB．coveredC．secretD．improved58．A．grantedB．grantingC．inventingD．invented59．A．strikingB．struckC．tobestrikingD．tostrike60．A．terminatingB．continuingC．continuesD．terminates61．A．a(chǎn)reB．tobeC．beD．is62．A．extendingB．willextendC．extendedD．tobeextended63．A．grantedB．grantingC．tograntD．beinggranted64．A．receivingB．sendingC．receiveD．send65．A．publicB．secretC．closeD．concealed66．A．customerB．commerceC．patentD．television67．A．longerB．olderC．weakerD．younger68．A．wishedB．refusingC．refusedD．wishing69．A．liveB．deadC．workingD．recording70．A．temporarilyB．suddenlyC．permanentlyD．sharply71．A．dangerousB．undesirableC．safeD．terrible72．A．constructedB．sentC．a(chǎn)nticipatedD．based73．A．involvingB．involvedC．containedD．containing74．A．whichB．whenC．thatD．where75．A．withB．offC．beforeD．fromPartⅤWriting(20%)Directions:Inthispart,youareaskedtowriteacompositiononthetitleof“EffectofChina’sEntryintoWTOonPh.DPrograminChina”withnolessthan200Englishwords.YourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingoutlinegiveninChinese.PutyourcompositionontheANSWERSHEET.1．中國(guó)加入WTO后，博士研究生的培養(yǎng)也會(huì)受到一定程度的影響。2．探討一下會(huì)產(chǎn)生哪些方面的影響，是積極的還是消極的影響等。3．談?wù)勀銈€(gè)人的看法。清華大學(xué)2003年博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題參考答案與解析PartⅠListeningComprehension(略)PartⅡVocabulary16．【答案】B【解析】本句說(shuō)這個(gè)手跡寫于至少100年前，字跡褪色自然難以辨認(rèn)了。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中infinite意為“無(wú)限的”；illegible意為“難辨認(rèn)的，字跡模糊的”；infectious意為“有傳染性的，易感染的”；immune意為“免疫的”。只有B項(xiàng)符合句意。17．【答案】D【解析】本句的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，inadequate的意思是“不足的”；impassive的意思是“被動(dòng)的，冷漠的”；genius的意思是“天才，天賦”；impartial的意思是“公平的，不偏不倚的”。句中所講的是一個(gè)真正客觀公正的事件觀察者，只有D項(xiàng)符合句意。18．【答案】A【解析】本句的句意是“她因辛苦的工作沒(méi)有得到欣賞而沮喪”。frustrated“失敗，落空”符合句意，如：Hewasfrustratedbyhispoverty．他因貧窮而灰心喪氣。dispersed“被分散的，散布的”；functioned“活動(dòng)，運(yùn)行”；displaced“取代，代替”都不正確。19．【答案】B【解析】本句說(shuō)的是飛機(jī)在空中突然爆炸，裂成了碎片。fragments“碎片，斷片”是正確的答案。如：Shedroppedthebowlontheflooranditbrokeintofragments．她把碗掉在地上，碗破成碎片。而diversity“差異，多樣性”；doctrine“教條，學(xué)說(shuō)”；drought“干旱，缺乏”都與句意不相符。20．【答案】D【解析】從句意“因?yàn)樯鐣?huì)等級(jí)森嚴(yán)，人人都知道自己在社會(huì)中的角色”可知，hierarchy“層次，層級(jí)”是正確答案。如：Thegovernmentisahierarchy．政府是個(gè)官階分明的統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)。而hemisphere“半球”；contempt“輕視”；controversy“爭(zhēng)論”都無(wú)此意，所以正確答案為D。21．【答案】A【解析】本句的意思是“自從我們最后一次在國(guó)際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)交流會(huì)見面以來(lái)，三年已經(jīng)過(guò)去了”。elapsed“(時(shí)間)過(guò)去，流逝”為正確答案。如：Fivemonthshaveelapsedsincehejoinedthearmy．自從他參軍后，五個(gè)月已經(jīng)過(guò)去了。而discerned“辨別，看清楚”；discontented“不滿意的”；electrified“使充電，使電氣化”都不符合句意。22．【答案】D【解析】本句是說(shuō)為了欺騙他的朋友們，他竟然捏造了所有的事情。fabricated“捏造，虛構(gòu)”符合句意，因此是正確答案。如：Thereasonhegaveforhisabsencewasobviouslyfabricated．他所說(shuō)的缺席理由顯然是編造的。dissipated“沉迷于酒色的，消散的”；diverged“分叉，分歧”；detached“分開的，分離的”都與句意不符，因此不正確。23．【答案】C【解析】本句是說(shuō)他非常清楚機(jī)器出了什么毛病，一會(huì)兒就把它修好了。perception“理解，感知”與句意相符。而debris“碎片，殘骸”；deficiency“缺乏，不足”；persecution“迫害”都不正確。24．【答案】A【解析】本句說(shuō)十年來(lái)關(guān)于水的問(wèn)題一直未被解決，我們開始想這已是一個(gè)永久性的問(wèn)題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，perpetual“永久的”符合句意，而persuasive“善說(shuō)服的”；picturesque“獨(dú)特的”；possessive“所有的，物主的”都不正確。因此正確答案為A。25．【答案】C【解析】本句意思為“昨晚外面的噪聲攪得他不得安寧，無(wú)法集中精神學(xué)習(xí)”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有perturbed“感到不安”符合句意，如：Motherwasmuchperturbedbymyillness．母親為我的病甚感不安。其他選項(xiàng)中，pecked意為“啄食”；oriented意為“導(dǎo)向”；paddled意為“劃槳，攪拌”都不正確。26．【答案】C【解析】本句說(shuō)他總愿意干涉別人的事，而這些事跟他毫無(wú)關(guān)系。meddle意思是“干涉”，如：Don'tmeddleinmyaffairs．別干涉我的事情。其他選項(xiàng)中，manipulated意為“操作，操縱”，lumbered意為“伐木，笨重的行動(dòng)”；littered意為“亂丟垃圾”；都不正確。27．【答案】B【解析】本句說(shuō)他設(shè)法騙她2000美元。deception的意思是“欺騙，詭計(jì)”，如practisedeceptiononthepublic欺騙公眾耳目。因此B項(xiàng)正確。linen“亞麻布”；longitude“經(jīng)度，經(jīng)線”；paradise“天堂”都不正確。28．【答案】D【解析】本句中空格處意為某事是注定的。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中destined的意思是“注定，命定的”，如：Theyweredestinednevertomeetagain．命運(yùn)注定他們永不再相逢。因此D項(xiàng)正確。deduced“推論，演繹出”；damped“使潮濕，使沮喪”；diminished“減少，貶低”都不符合句意。29．【答案】B【解析】本句中空格處意為解除貸款協(xié)議，terminating“使終結(jié)”符合句意，如：terminateacontract(pact)“解除契約(條約)”。而compressing“壓縮”；conforming“符合，一致”；contending“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，主張”都不正確。30．【答案】A【解析】本句說(shuō)房間里全是人和煙，她開始覺(jué)得熱得難受。oppressed“壓抑，壓迫”符合句意，如：Asenseoftroubleaheadoppressedmyspirits．對(duì)今后困難的預(yù)感使我情緒低落。其他選項(xiàng)中，congested意為“擁擠的”；confronted意為“面臨，對(duì)抗”；crane意為“起重機(jī)”都不正確。31．【答案】C【解析】本句意為語(yǔ)言專家認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的最佳年齡為6歲。optimal“最佳的，最理想的”符合句意。而conceptual“概念上的”；considerate“考慮周到的”；component“組成的，構(gòu)成的”都不正確。32．【答案】A【解析】本句意為她非常生氣，在屋里亂扔衣服。flung是fling的過(guò)去式，意思是“拋，擲，扔”，如：Don'tflingyourclothesaboutonthechair;hangthemup．別把衣服亂扔在椅子上，把它們掛起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)flew是fly的過(guò)去式，意為“飛翔，飄揚(yáng)”；clamped“夾住，夾緊”；clashed“猛撞，沖擊”都不符合句意。33．【答案】B【解析】本句說(shuō)他知道自己的錯(cuò)誤很嚴(yán)重，將會(huì)受到嚴(yán)懲，因此他前天就逃跑了。fled是flee的過(guò)去式，意思是“逃逸”，符合句意。如：Hewastofleehisnativevillagetojointherebelarmy．他被迫逃離家鄉(xiāng)參加了叛軍。而cautioned“警告”；chattered“喋喋不休地談”；civilized“文明的”都與句意不符。34．【答案】A【解析】本句空格處意為被徹底消除。exterminated意為“消除”，符合句意。exemplified“例示”；facilitated“使便利，推動(dòng)”；emitted“發(fā)出，釋放”都不正確。35．【答案】D【解析】本句意為“我們都知道說(shuō)服他放棄計(jì)劃是很困難的”。induce意思是“說(shuō)服，促使”，符合句意。如：Nothingshallinducemetojointheirclub．我怎么都不會(huì)去加入他們的俱樂(lè)部。endeavor“努力，盡力”；reduce“減少，還原”；assert“斷言”都不正確。PartⅢReadingComprehension36．【答案】D【解析】根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Rainsmayonlycomeonceinfiveorsixyearsornotfallforadecadeormore．TheMojavedesertintheUnitedStatesremaineddryfortwenty-fiveyears．”可知，沙漠地區(qū)五六年或十多年下一次雨，即很少降雨，但不是不降雨。infrequently意為“罕見地，稀少地”，因此D項(xiàng)為正確答案。37．【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)第二段第三句“Therearevirtuallynocloudsortreestoprotecttheearth'ssurfaceanditcanbeburninghot．Underthesun，soilsbreakupandcrack…”可知，在沙漠地區(qū)沒(méi)有云、沒(méi)有樹保護(hù)地面，地面很容易曝曬，因此裂開。B項(xiàng)說(shuō)地面缺乏保護(hù)，符合句意。38．【答案】A【解析】答案在文章第二段第六行“Throughouthistorydesertshavebeenexpandingandretreatingagain．”，從這段可知，一些肥沃的地方以前曾經(jīng)是沙漠，而現(xiàn)在的沙漠以前也曾經(jīng)是沃土和綠洲，所以A項(xiàng)正確。39．【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)文章第二段中間的一句話“Twentymillionsquarekilometers，anareatwicethesizeofCanada，isatahightoveryhighriskofbecomingdesert.Withafurther1.25millionsquarekilometersundermoderaterisk．”分析這句話可知，2000萬(wàn)平方公里的土地面臨著成為沙漠的高危險(xiǎn)，而125萬(wàn)平方公里的土地有中度危險(xiǎn)，因此C項(xiàng)為正確答案。40．【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)文章的最后一句話“Atthisratethereisahighriskthatwewillbeconfinedtolivingononly50％ofthisplanet'slandsurfacewithinonemorecenturyunlessweareabletodosomethingaboutit”，意為“如果我們不采取措施我們將會(huì)面臨著很嚴(yán)重的危機(jī)”。所以C項(xiàng)“這是一個(gè)非常令人擔(dān)憂的問(wèn)題”符合文章的本意。41．【答案】C【解析】本題屬于推論題。在解答本題前應(yīng)先找到mind-stretching所在的句子，即“Indeed,itsusercanatoncebeareceiverandsenderofbroadcast—aconfusingproperty,butmind-stretching!(在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上人們可以是信息接受者也可以是發(fā)布者，這很讓人有點(diǎn)迷惑，但是卻對(duì)人的思維有很高要求)”。因此C項(xiàng)為正確答案。42．【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)文中第八行“Itbecameagreattoolforwritersbutaterribleoneforothercreativeactivitiessuchassketching,painting,notatingmusic,orevenmathematics．”可知，對(duì)作家來(lái)說(shuō)是有利的工具，但對(duì)其他創(chuàng)造性的活動(dòng)則是不利的工具，這個(gè)工具可以從緊跟的上文中找到，是thetypewriter，因此B項(xiàng)正確。43．【答案】D【解析】是誰(shuí)努力幫助小學(xué)生呢?答案可參照文章倒數(shù)第五行“Thus，thesmalleffortsoftheman—theseniors—complementthelargeeffortsofthefew—theteachers．”再結(jié)合上文，說(shuō)的是小學(xué)請(qǐng)來(lái)年長(zhǎng)者作為顧問(wèn)，所以是年長(zhǎng)者努力幫助小學(xué)生，故選D。44．【答案】A【解析】在解答本題前應(yīng)首先理解本題句子的含義。theseniorscreateasenseofmeaningforthemselves的意思是“這些老人也感覺(jué)到了自己的價(jià)值”。這句話并沒(méi)有涉及網(wǎng)絡(luò)的內(nèi)容，因此B、C、D三項(xiàng)都不對(duì)，只有A是符合題意的。45．【答案】C【解析】scratch的意思是“亂涂，擦，刮，抓，挖出”，詞組scratchthesurface的意思是“只接觸表面”，C項(xiàng)“處理某事物不全面”跟這個(gè)意思相符，因此C項(xiàng)正確。46．【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)文章第二段第二句話可知，即使?jié)舛确浅５?，也?huì)導(dǎo)致肺功能的降低，導(dǎo)致肺的過(guò)敏性增強(qiáng)，并引發(fā)導(dǎo)氮管發(fā)炎。從中可知，B、C、D三項(xiàng)都是laboratoryexperiments的結(jié)果之一。所以答案為A。47．【答案】C【解析】從原文第二段的“Althoughirritableandinflamedlungsareparticularlyseeninpeoplewithasthma(哮喘)andotherlungdiseases，theseeffectsofozonealsooccurinhealthysubjects．”可知，健康的人也會(huì)患肺氣腫。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。48．【答案】D【解析】該題要選擇不是lungdisease的原因的選項(xiàng)。A、B、C三項(xiàng)都可能是導(dǎo)致肺部病的原因。根據(jù)文中的“Groupsofchildrenattendingschoolcampsshowfallsinlungfunc