介詞語法及練習

介詞介詞的分類表示時間介詞表示地點介詞表示方位介詞表示方法、手段常見介詞的搭配介詞的含義介詞1.是一種用來表示:詞與詞,詞與句之間的關系的詞。2.在句中不能單獨作句子成分什么是介詞？它的作用是什么？TOC\o"1-5"\h\z心l.Lookatme.( )心2.Hegoestoschoolbybike.( )心3.Heisinterestedindrawing/ )心4.Thebookisonthedesk.( )介詞:通常用在 、 、 之前，表示某個人、事物/東西、事件與另一個之間的 。介詞的主要分類：心1.atthecinema,inthehospital 心2.Writewithapen,gobybus 心3.insummer,onSeptemper1st 心4.bytheway,atlast,intheend (一).時間介詞1.in年、月、季節(jié)及時間段(早、午、晚)on具體某一天，星期、節(jié)日at鐘點、節(jié)日、(一段時間)的起點注意：atnoon在中午atnight在夜間inthemorning在早上onthemorningofJuly1st在七月一日的早上onarainyday在雨天atsixo'clock,atnoon,atthattime,athalfpastthree,atmid-night?… 2.onSunday,onNewYear'sDay,onMarch21st,onmybirthday… inthreedays,inaweek,inamonth,inMay,inl998… inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening 但：onthemorningofMaylstatnight= nightintheday=inthe MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis___themorningofJuly9.A.on B.in C.atThetwinswereborn__aFridayevening.A.in B.on C.atWetravelledovernighttoParisandarrived__5o'clock__themorning.A.on,in B.at,in C.at,inWefinishourlessons___ll:30andthenhavearest__noon.A.in,in B.at,at C.in,atin+時間段在……之后（內）多用于將來時after+時間段在……之后，多用于過去時MrBrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.A.for B.after C.inOurmanagercameback___anhour.A.in B.after C.atfor+時段since+時段+agosince+時間點since+一般過去時句子Hecamehere__l992,andhehaslivedhere___l992.A.in,for B.in,sinceC.since,since2.IhaveknownLiLei__overfiveyears.A.in B.since C.forIthasbeenthreeyearssincehe__here.A.come B.cameC.comesTheoldmanhasbeenaway___twoyearsago.A.in B.since C.forbefore在……之前by到??????時為止，不遲于??????Hewon'tcomeback___five.A.before B.after C.byTheworkmustbefinished__Friday.A.atB.byC.afterWehadthreemeetings___lastFriday.A.inB.beforeC.by地點介詞1?on在 的上面，與表面接觸over在 的正上方，不接觸表面under在 下面（是on,over的反義詞）Look!Thereisabridge__theriver.A.onB.overC.aboveCanyouseetheegg___theplate?A.onB.inC.overThelight__usisverybright.A.overB.underC.onAroadis___ourcityandthereismuchtraffic___it.A.on,overB.above,onC.over,onThesunrose thehorizon（地平線）.A.on B.aboveC.over2?above 在……上方below在 下方，是above的反義詞Thetemperaturewillfall__zeroatnight.A.belowB.above C.over2.Suddenlythereisaloudvoice___thetree.A.below B.above C.on3.Thereisaclockonthewall.It's___theblackboard.A.on B.in C.above注意:on接觸平面over在平面的正上方above在上方3?in+大地方at+小地方on+門牌，某層樓Myunclelive___F12__thefifthfloor.A.at,on B.in,on C.on,atTheyarrived___Beijingat12:00andwaitedforabus___thestationtothehotel.A.at,in B.in,on C.in,at心l?atthevillage,athome,atthecornerofthestreet..心2.inShanghai,inthecountry,inAsia,intheworld,inspace…

inthebox,onthechair,underthedesk,nexttoKate,ontherightofLucy,infrontofthehouse,behindthedoor?…1.在廣州1.在廣州2.在電影院3.在湖邊4.在海里5.樹上的蘋果6.書上的小鳥7.在天空上8.在農場上19.在街道上 Guangzhou thecinema thelake theseaapples thetreebirds thetree thesky thefarm thestreetin,on表示"在……上"時，不是都用"on"，有時須用in。在樹上inthetree用于指樹上的鳥、人等。onthetree用于指生長在樹上的葉子、果實。在墻上inthewall鑲嵌在墻內，指窗戶、門、釘子等。onthewall在墻的表面之上，指地圖、畫像等。在報紙上inthenewspaper用于指報上的內容。onthenewspaper用于指放在報紙上的東西，如眼鏡等2.in里面，排、行、組on左、右邊at前、后部1.Weare___TeamOne.Isit__thefrontoftheclassroom.LiPingis___myleft.A.on,in,atB.in,in,atC.in,at,on2.Ihaveagoodseat.Isit__thebus.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof3.Theteacherisstanding___ourclassandgiveatalk.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof3.to表目的地或去的目的for動身去某地

Hegotonatrain___Shanghai.A.to B.for C.towardsWilyoutakeatrain___Tianjian.A.to B.for C.atI'mleaving Beijingnextweek.A.to B.for C.towards方式介詞使用工具使用工具用介詞with使用語言用介詞in使用器官用介詞with使用聲音用介詞in使用方法用介詞in或by1.writewithapen,cutwithknife,lockwithalock1.writewithapen,cutwithknife,lockwithalock2.seewithoureyes,dowithourhands,smellwithournoses,eatwithourmouths-3.inEnglish,inFrench,inyourownwords,inthreelanguage-4.in aloudvoice, in alowvoice -5.inthisway,bythismeans.bybike,bybus,bytrain,byplane,byship,bycar??(onfoot)byland陸路，bysea水路,byair空運7.inareadcoat,thegirlinyellow,theboyinwhite-8.lieinbed,afterawhile,inthesun(在陽光下)underthesun(天下，世界上；到底，究竟)注：onthebike,onthebus,onthetrain,ontheplane,ontheship,inthecar...方位介詞1.in在某范圍之內to在某范圍之內on與某地相鄰、接壤TOC\o"1-5"\h\zShanghailies theeastofChina.( )Japanlies theeastofChina.( )Hubeilies thenorthofHunan.( )Chinalies___theeastofAsiaand___thenorthofAustralia.A.in,onB.in,toC.to,inMongoliais___thenorthofChina.A.in B.on C.to2.cross表面穿過through中間穿過1.Thesunshinecomeintotheroom___thewindow.A.acrossB.throughC.pastYoucango___theroadhere.A.across B.through C.pastCanyouswim theriver.A.across B.through C.past常用易混淆介詞辨析after/in皆可表示時間在……之后，其區(qū)別為：after.表示“在某點時間之后”，用于將來時。如：We'llgooutforawalkaftersupper..表示“一段時間之后”，用于過去時。如：Mymothercamehomeafterhalfanhour.in表示“一段時間之后”，用于將來時。如：We'llgotoschoolintwoweeks.between/among1） between多指兩者之間。如：What'sthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?2） among指三者或三者以上的同類事物之間，在或籠統(tǒng)的一群人或一些物之中，表示“在中間，在之中”。如：Theyoungpeoplelivedandworkedamongtheworkers.注意：我們可以說betweenyouandme，但不能說betweenyouandI,因為between是介詞。3） between還可以用來指三個或三個以上的人或物的每兩個之間。三個或三個以上的名詞用and連接，前面用between，而不用among。女口：Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthethreeofthem.Switzerlandlies France,Ger-many,AustriaandItaly.besides/exceptWehaveseenthecrocodilebesidesLiFang（除 之外，還有）全部計算在內WeareallChineseexceptTominourclass.（除……之外，不計算在內）—Allthestudentsinourclasswenttothecinema___Kangkang,why?—Becausehehadabadcold.A．ExceptB．besidesC．Beside D．withoutover,above,onover表示與某物不接觸的“正上方”，under與其相對，表示“正下方”。Theskyisoverourheads.天空在我們頭頂上。Thecatisunderthetable.那只貓在桌子底下。above表示“在 的上方"，“高于”；below與其相對，表示“在…的下面”，“低于”。Thetemperaturewillstayabovezerointhedaytime,butatnightitwillfallbelowzeroagain.白天氣溫將保持在零度以上，但在晚上又將降到零度以下。on指兩個物體表面接觸，一個在另一的上面。Theyputsomeflowersontheteacher'sdesk.他們把一些花放在講桌上。cross，across,throughcross作動詞用，“穿過，越過”的意思。主要表示在物體表面上橫穿。如橫過馬路、過橋、過河等，與goacross同義。cross作名詞用是“十字架，十字形飾物”的意思。across是介詞，有“橫跨，橫穿，穿越”之意。across與go/walk等動詞連用表示“穿過，越過，橫穿”的意思。與cross基本同義，也是表示從物體表面經(jīng)過。through是介詞，“在…之中，透過”的意思，常與go,walk等動詞連用，主要表示從物體內部穿過。如穿過森林、隧洞等Wemust theroadverycarefully.Beforegoing theroad,youshouldlookleftfirstandthenright.Itrytogetintotheroom the windowbecauseIcan'topenthedoor.Theydrove the streetquickly,butthepolicecaughtthematlast.It'sdangeroustoswim the river.Go thebridgeandyouwillseethestation.infrontof,inthefrontofinfrontof表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某個范圍以外；inthefrontof表示“在 的前部”，在某個范圍以內例如：Therearesometalltreesinfrontofthebuilding.在樓前有一些高樹。Theteacherissittinginthefrontoftheclassroom.老師坐在教室前面above\over\on\below\underBecareful,thereisaheavybox yourhead.Thesunis themountainintheeast.Therearesomestamps thedesk.Thepositionhepointedtowas thesealevel.Thelittlemouseis thetable,soitisnoteasytofindit.since,for表示“延續(xù)的一段時間”時，可用“for+時間段”或“since+過去的時間點”，常與含延續(xù)動詞的完成時連用?！狧owlonghaveyoubeeninthiscity?你在這座城市待了多久了？—Fortenyears.十年。MrSmithhaslivedheresince1998.史密斯先生自從1998年就住在這。Thereare （超過）sixtystudentsinourclass.Fishcan'tlive （沒有）water.3.Wehaven'tseeneachotherforalongtime （自從…）wemetlasttime.Doyouworryabout （他們）?Who's （值日）dutytoday?Haveyoupaid （付款）thebook?Pleaseturn （關掉）thelights.It'sbadforyourhealthtogotoschool （不吃）breakfast.常見介詞短語分類列舉1?表示時間的介詞及介詞短語in,at,on,before，after，till，since，for,fromto,until，by，inthemiddleof，atthebeginningof，attheendof，athalfpastfive，atnight，inaweek，inthemorning，inclass，atsunrise，inspring/summer/autumn/winter，onSunday，onSaturdayafternoon，onawinterevening，foralongtime，fortwomonths，afterschool，sinceliberation，beforelunch，atthetimeof，attheageof。2?表示地點的介詞及介詞短語in，at，into，to，on，beside，before，behind，above，under，outside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across，off，down，among，past，between，outof，around，inthefrontof，inthemiddleof，atthebackof，atthefootof，athome，atthegate，atthetable，inthesky，ontheground，inatree，inthesouth，inthesun，inthebed，onone'swayhome，bythesideof。3?介詞和各類詞搭配構成的介詞短語1）?介詞與動詞搭配arrivein/at到達askfor要，請求dowellin在 方面做得好givein投降goon繼續(xù)hearfrom收到 來信hearof聽說help'sB.withsth.幫助 做laughat嘲笑learnfrom向 學習leavefor離開一地去另一地talkto與 談話goinfor從事，致力于putup穿上，掛上takedown拿下，取了lookat（有意識地）看speakto對某人說sendfor派人去請 shoutat大聲叫喊，吼叫 takeaway拿走，帶走thinkof考慮，關心turninto把 變成waitfor等候，等待 takeoff脫下，起飛turnon/off打開（關上）listento聽lookafter照顧，照看lookfor尋找looklike看上去像getto到達pointto指著 fillwith充滿，裝滿beginwith以 開始deal/dowith處置，對待meetwith偶爾遇見，遭遇passon傳遞belongto屬于writeto寫信給 callon號召，訪問，邀請dieof死于 dependon依靠，依賴 smileat向 微笑believein信任lookout向四下看，到處看2）?介詞與名詞搭配intime及時inbed臥床inlife一生中ontime準時，按時infrontof在 前面onfoot步行bybus乘公共汽車athome在家inEnglish用英語inthemiddle在中間atnight在晚上atnoon在中午athospital在醫(yī)院withasmile帶著微笑ofcourse當然（可以）inahurry匆忙，急忙inaminute一會兒bytheway順便說說/問問atfirst首先，起初atlast最后，終于atthemeeting在會上atleast至少 onone'swayto在……的路上inthesun在陽光下inatree在樹上insurprise驚奇地atonce立刻，馬上atthefootof在……腳下atall壓根兒atdinner在吃正餐atthetable在桌子旁 atwork在工作atschool在學校atthebackof在 后面atthebeginningof在 開始attheendof在 結尾atthesametime同時，然而byhand用手，手工，親手bytheendof到 結束時bytrain乘火車daybyday日復一日onebyone一個接一個byspaceship乘坐宇宙飛船inalowvoice大聲地inaword總而言之，一句話introuble處于困境infact事實上inthestreet在街上intheend最后，終于inspace在空間innotime立刻，很快inorder按順序，整齊，正常inorderto為了，以便intheday在白天inline成一直線inashortwhile不久inall總共，總計intown在城里insilence不作聲outofbreath上氣不接下氣 outofsight消失，看不見onduty值日ontheleft/right在左/右邊ontheonehandontheotherhand一方面 另一方面ontheothersideof在 的另一邊ontopof在 頂上inthedistance在遠處inpublic當眾，公開地outofwork失業(yè)ontheradio通過無線電廣播 tothisday直到今天toone'ssurprise/joy使某人吃驚/高興3）介詞與形容詞、過去分詞和動詞等搭配bebornin出生于 begoodat擅長 bemadeof由 制成beangrywithsB.對某人生氣beangryatsth.為某事生氣bepleasedwithsB.對某人感到滿意besatisfiedwithsth.對某事感到滿意 besurprisedat對 感到驚奇/詫異 betiredof討厭 /厭倦 beinterestedin對 感興趣beproudof以 為自豪/驕傲 befullof充滿 take/catchholdof抓住besureof確信 takepartin參力口breakinto闖入takecareof照顧，關心，保管bebusywith忙于 bestrictwith對 嚴格要求catchupwith跟上，趕上havenothingtodowith與 無關gotoschool上學gotobed/sleep睡覺givealessonto給 上課lookgotothecinema去看電影bekindtosB.對某人友好 sayhelloto向 問好lookforwardto盼望，期待keepoutof不讓進入goonstrike罷工beusedto習慣于 用適當?shù)慕樵~填空Weusuallyhavelunch noon.LinTaowasborn February18th.Annsits myright, Kate'sleft.Shesits us.Myfatherisleaving Suzhoutomorrow.Wemustlearn eachother.Theywent thegateandenteredthegarden.Wecandoallthings ourhands. theendofthelastcap，hecaughtup theothers.Bekind people.Don'tshoutpeople.Lastmonthheworked ateacher threeweeks.Hisfatherisveryangry him hisstudy.A.at，withB.with，atC.to，aboutD.about，toPaperismade wood.A.fromB.ofC.byD.inThebasketisfull apples.A.withB.ofC.inD.byKatecan'tcome.Let'saskweiHuainstead her.A.ofB.forC.toD.withTheheavyrainstoppedme___gettingtoschoolontime.A.toB.fromC.onD.forLiLida'sparentsareveryproud theirson.A.toB.inC.forD.ofThefoxlookedup acocksitting thetree.A.to，inB.at,in C.for，onD.at，onPleasewait thebusstopnearmyhome.A.forB.atC.nextD.infrontWhereisyourbikemade ?A.inB.fromC.ofD./Whentheredlightison，it'sdangeroustogo thestreet.A.acrossB.throughC.crossD.toHeisrich unhappy.A.orB.andC.soD.butTakearest youfinishthework.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.whileYoucan'tpasstheexam, youstudyhard.A.ifB.ofC.unlessD.andourteamtriedbest, wefailed.A.Though,butB.Because,soC.If,andD.Though,/Don'tgetoff thebusstops.A.whenB.afterC.untilD.soThereisagoodplay TVthisevening.A.onB.byC.inHowfarisit Guangzhou Beijing?A.from...to B.from...fbrC.away...toJapanlies theeastofChina.A.toB.inC.onMr.BrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___towweeks.A.forB.afterC.inA:Whattimedidyougettherethismorning?B: eight.A.InB.AtC.OnWeallagree you.Let'sstartatonce.A.toB.forC.withMyauntarrivedhere awarmspringmorning.A.inB.atC.onA:Whendidyourunclearrive China?B:HegottoGuangzhou themorningofthe16thofApril.A.in,onB.in,inC.at,onHawaiiisfamous itsbeautifulbeaches.A.inB.forC.withWemuststopchildrenfrom withfire.A.playB.playedC.playingLook,Tin