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2022高考英語習(xí)資料(精)狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典2022年高考英語復(fù)習(xí)資料〔精編〕第一局部:詞匯專題1.abolish.vt廢除,廢止(習(xí)俗、制度)eg:Shouldweabolishthedeathpenalty?們應(yīng)該廢除死刑嗎?2.abortion.n.①[u]工流產(chǎn),打胎②[c]人工流產(chǎn)手術(shù)③[c]完全失敗的方案或行動(dòng)3.absurd.Adj①unreasonable;notsensible.不合理的唐的謬的eg:Whatanabsurdsuggestion!多么荒唐的建議②foolish;inafunnyway.愚蠢的;怪誕不經(jīng)的eg:Thatuniformmakesthemlookabsurd.他們穿著那種制服看起來怪模怪樣的。4.abundant.adj①morethan;plentiful.豐富的,充裕的Wehaveabundantproofofhisguilt②作表語,富有某事物~insth:havingplentyofsth;rich。5.adolescentadj青春期的;青春期特有的。n.6.advocate.v.speakpubliclyinfavorofsth;recommend;support.擁護(hù);提倡;主張。eg:Doyouadvocatebanninginthecity你支持禁止汽車在市中心通行這一主張嗎?advocacy.n.7.alcoholic,adj①酒精的;含酒精的;②由喝酒引起的。8.algebra.n.[u].代數(shù)學(xué),代數(shù)。9.alternative.adj作定語??捎靡源嫫渌挛锏模涣硪豢蛇x用的;其他的。Haveyougotanalternativesuggestion?有沒有其他的建議?10.altitude.n.①heightabovesea-level海拔,高度.eg:Whatisthealtitudeofthevillage?②常作復(fù)數(shù),海拔甚高的地方。126

狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典Itisdifficulttobreatheatthese在這些高的地方很難呼吸。11.aluminium:chemicalelement;alightsilverymetal.鋁12.ambiguous:adj.①havingmorethanonepossiblemeaning有不止一種意思的;有歧義②uncertaininmeaningorintention.意向不明的;曖昧的ambiguouslyadv.ambiguousnessn.13.anchor:n.①錨;②可以依靠的人或物;靠山;③atanchor;bring(aship)/cometoanchor航拋錨。14.n:short,interestingorstoryaboutarealorevent軼事,逸聞(關(guān)于真人真實(shí)的短小有趣的事.anecdotal.Adj。15.appetite.n.①[u]physicaldesire,espforfoodorpleasure食欲,胃口;WhenIwasillIcompletelylostmyappetite生病時(shí)完全沒有胃口;②[c],anaturalforwalkmeagoodappetite.走了長路使我食欲大振。16.assess.v.①decideorfixtheamountofsth.確定評(píng)定(數(shù)額)assesssth(atsth).assessthedamageat1000dollars.定損害賠償金一千元②decideorfixthevalueofsth;evaluate確定,評(píng)定(某事物)的價(jià)值,估價(jià);③assesssthassth.評(píng)定某事物的質(zhì)量。I‘dassessyourchancesasextremelylow.assessment.[u]確定,評(píng)定;評(píng)價(jià),看法;[c]核定的付款額。17.authentic.adj①knowntobetrueorgenuine真實(shí)的,真正的。andocument,signature,painting.正式文件,親筆簽名,原作繪畫。reliable可信的,可靠的。18.automatic.adj.①(指機(jī)器)自動(dòng)的指動(dòng)作)未加思索而作出意識(shí)的必然隨之而來的。19.autonomyn.self-governing;independence.治主。autonomous.adj自治的,自主的,獨(dú)立的。20.bacteria.細(xì)菌。21.biochemistry.生物化學(xué)。226

22.biscuit.①[u]餅干②淡褐色③takethebiscuit/cake.極其可笑,討厭,驚奇等。狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典23.bishhop.n.①主教②(國際象棋中的)象.24.blackmail.n.[u].勒索,敲詐;用威脅來左右某人。v.blackmailsb(intodoingsth)挾某人作某事eg:Thestrikersrefusedtobeblackmailedintoreturningtowork.罷工者拒絕了要挾復(fù)工的條件。25.bounce.v.①彈回Theballbouncedoverthewall.②活潑的上下跳動(dòng)moveupanddowninalivelymanner.Theboybouncedonthebed.③遭銀行退票。Ihopecheque‘tbounce.26.bowling.n.①地滾球戲;②滾木球游戲;③朝球員方向投球。agoodpieceofbowling投一個(gè)好球。27.boycott.n.抵抗place/putsthunderaboycott.對(duì)謀事物實(shí)行抵抗;v.拒絕處理或購置(貨物)絕參加(如議)抗AthletesfromseveralcountriesboycottedtheOlympic有好幾個(gè)國家的運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)拒絕參加奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。28.brewery.n.啤酒廠。29.brochure.n.小冊(cè)子atravel旅游指南。30.bureaucratic.adj.官僚制度的,官僚的。31.capsule.n.莢;膠囊;航天艙,太空艙。32.caption.n.(雜志等文章中的)標(biāo)題,題目;(附于插圖或照片上的說明文字;(電影或電視上的)字幕。33.caravan.n.①拖車②(供居住可用馬拉的)篷車穿過沙漠地帶的)旅行隊(duì)(如商隊(duì))。34.carbon.n.碳35.casual.adj.①happeningbychance.偶然的,碰巧的;②不經(jīng)意的,隨便的,臨時(shí)的;③(衣物)便服的,不正式的eg:casualwear便裝;④非永久性的,acasuallabourer.臨時(shí)工。326

36.centigrade.adj.攝氏溫度計(jì)的。acentigradethermometer氏溫度計(jì).37.circuit.n.圍繞一地方的線、路線、旅程,圈;電路;聯(lián)賽。38.circulate.v.①goroundcontinuously(某物)循環(huán);②moveaboutfreely流通awindowtoallowtheairtocirculate.③spread流傳,傳播Thenewsofherdeathcirculatedquickly狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典39.circus.n.馬戲團(tuán)thecircus馬戲表演;競技場。40.①causeorto使謀事)清楚易懂,澄清.IhopethatwhatIsaywillclarifythesituation.我希望我說的話能澄清這一情況;②除去(油脂)中的雜質(zhì)。41.coincidence.[c/u]巧合(的事);[u]事情,口味、故事等)相合,符合,一致。42.collision.[u/c]~(withsb/sth);~(betweenAandB)①(物與物或人與人)相撞、碰撞、撞壞Thetwoshipswerein/cameintocollision兩艘輪船相撞;②抵觸,(相反的目的、看法、意見等的沖突.Herpoliticalactivitiesbroughtherintocollisionwiththelaw.的政治活動(dòng)觸犯了法律collisioncourse必然與某人某事物)相沖突的進(jìn)程或行動(dòng)。43.compensatev.~(sb)forsth.補(bǔ)償,賠償;報(bào)償;報(bào)酬。Nothingcancompensateforthelossofonehealth.失去的健康是無法補(bǔ)償?shù)摹?4.事物的)組成局部、成分、零部件作定語,(整體中的)一局部、組成的。45.consensus.n.[c/u]~(onsth/that…)意見一致;共同看法eg:①Thetwopartieshavereachedaconsensus.isbroadconsensusinthecountryontheissue.46.contemporary.adj.~(withsb/sth)屬于該時(shí)代或該時(shí)期的;屬于同一時(shí)代的;②當(dāng)代的,現(xiàn)代的。47.corrupt.v.makesb/sth使(某人或物)墮落,腐化敗壞youngpeoplewhosemoralshavebeencorrupted道德敗壞的年輕人。48.crayon.n.繪畫用的鉛筆,彩色粉筆,蠟筆。49.departuren.[c/u]離開,離去;背離,違反50.dimensionn.426

c/umeasurementanysort(breadth;length;thickness;height,etc)(空間的)任何一種量度(寬度,長度,厚度,高度等eg.Whatarethe~softheroom?這個(gè)房間的面積是多少?2)(pl.)size,extent大小,體積程度,范圍eg.acreatureofhuge~s體龐大的動(dòng)物Ididn‘tthe~softheproblem.(fig)我未曾意識(shí)到問題的嚴(yán)重程度.狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典3)aspect方面,側(cè)面eg.Thereisa~totheproblemthatwehavenotdiscussed.這個(gè)問題還有一方面我們沒有討論過51.dioxiden.[U]二氧化物carbon~二氧化碳52.diplomacyn1)外交,外交手段/腕,外交術(shù)eg.Internationalproblemsmustbesolvedby~,notbywars.國際問題應(yīng)通過外交手段來解決,不應(yīng)訴諸戰(zhàn)爭。2)artoforskillsindealingwithpeople;tact處理人際關(guān)系的方法,技巧;交際手腕;處事之道53.discriminationn.[u]1)goodjudgmentandperception區(qū)分力,識(shí)別力2)歧視,偏袒(某人/物)eg.racial/sexual/religious/political~種族/性別/宗教/政治歧視Thisisaclearcaseof~againstforeignimports.這顯然是對(duì)進(jìn)口貨物的排斥。54.adj.人反感的使人厭惡的討厭的55.diverseadj.ofdifferentkinds,varied多種多樣的,不同的eg.peoplefrom~culture不同文化背景的人Herinterestsarevery~.她的興趣非常廣泛。56.enterprisen.1)[c]事業(yè),方案(尤指困難的或需要勇氣的)eg.Themusicfestivalisanewenterprisewhichwehopewillbecomeanannualevent.音樂會(huì)是一項(xiàng)新生事物,我們希望它能成為一年一度的盛會(huì)。2)[u]事業(yè)心,進(jìn)取心,勇氣,膽量eg.awomanofgreat~事業(yè)心極強(qiáng)的女子Hegotthejobbecauseheshowedthespirit~.他因?yàn)楸憩F(xiàn)進(jìn)取精神,所以得到這份工作.3)[u]參與方案,企業(yè)活動(dòng),經(jīng)營[c]businesscompanyorfirm事業(yè)單位,企業(yè)單位,公司,商號(hào)商行57.fantasticadj.1)wildandstrange荒謬的,奇異的526

2)impossibletocarryout,notpractical無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的,不是實(shí)際的3)excellent了不起的,極好的4)verylarge,extraordinary巨大的,異乎尋常的58.ferryn.渡船,渡口v.(用船或飛機(jī)等)運(yùn)送(人或貨物)(通常指短程或定期的)狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典59.formatn.1)shape,size,binding,etcofabook式,開本,裝訂方法2)總體安排,方案,設(shè)計(jì)等;3)格式v.按一定的方式安排某事,(計(jì)算機(jī)編排格式60.frameworkn.框架構(gòu)會(huì)的秩序或制度那么思想61.n.1)[u]摩擦(力)2)[u/c]矛盾沖突62.garmentn.1)(一件)衣服2)(fig)covering覆蓋eg.Inspringnaturewearsanew春天,大自然披了新裝63.grilln.烤架,烤肉,烤肉室v.燒烤(食物等)盤問(某人)64.herbn,草本植物,藥草,芳草65.immigrationn.移民66.institutionn.1)[u]建立,設(shè)立,制定任命;2)[c]慈善機(jī)關(guān)67.insurancen.保險(xiǎn)68.irrigationn灌溉69.laundryn.[c]洗衣店[u]洗熨好的或需洗熨的衣服70.loungev.懶洋洋地坐或立(尤指倚靠某物n.等候室,(BrE)起居室71.marathonn.拉松賽跑;拖時(shí)長久令人難以忍受的事72.marblen.1)大理石;玻璃/泥彈球2)(作定語)(fig)大理石般的73.mercyn.[u]仁慈,寬恕,寬?。踓]常用單數(shù))恩惠,幸運(yùn)(idm)at~ofsb./sth.74.mercifuladj.be∽to/towardssb.eg.Shewasmercifultotheprisoners.對(duì)犯人很仁慈。75.minimum.n.(pl.minima)leastorsmallestamount,degree,etc.possible最小值(量,限度)最小的,最少的76.mosquiton.子77.obtainv.getsth.78.outspokenadj.直言的,坦率的626

be~in(doing)sth.;beinoneremarks直言不諱paralleladj.1)平行的Theroadandtherailwayare~to/witheach2)相對(duì)應(yīng)的,相同的,類似的80.patentadj.1)obvious,clear,evident著的,清楚的,明顯狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典2)(作定語)有專利的;專利生產(chǎn)/經(jīng)銷的n.許可證,專利證;專利創(chuàng)造81.pedestriann.行人adj.(作定語)1)行人的2)平淡的,沉悶的82.prejudicen.[u/c]偏見,成見v.某人抱偏見,影響某人;削弱83.pulsen.脈搏(音樂的)節(jié)拍脈動(dòng)脈沖波v.強(qiáng)烈而有規(guī)律的跳動(dòng)搏動(dòng)振動(dòng)84.punctualadj.按時(shí)的,準(zhǔn)守的85.punctuation標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的使用法)86.radiumn.鐳87.razorn.,剃刀,刮臉刀88.recommendv.1)提到某物,推薦某人,贊許某人物2)建議,勸告3)使某人/物顯得可取~sb./sth.(tosb.)forsth./assth.eg.Shewasstronglyrecommendedforthepost.89.relevant有關(guān)的,切題的90.resemblev.(無被動(dòng)語態(tài)無進(jìn)行時(shí))belikeorsimilarto…相似eg.Sheresemblesherbrotherinlooks.91.restriction[u/c]限制,約束92.roundaboutadj.(常作定語)繞道的兜圈子的拐彎抹角的n.旋轉(zhuǎn)木馬,環(huán)狀交叉路93.ripen/raipn/v.(使某物)成熟ripeningcorn即將成熟的谷物peachesripenedbythesun經(jīng)日曬而成熟的桃94.scared~(ofsb/sth)驚恐的恐懼的I‘mscaredghosts)害怕(鬼)95.sausagen.[c,u]香腸,臘腸96.1)傷痕,疤2)(精神上的)創(chuàng)傷Herinleft他在獄中的歲月留下了精神創(chuàng)傷.726

v.(-rr-)1)給(某人)留下傷痕.2)~(over)痊愈(留下疤痕);疤.Thewoundgraduallyscarredover.傷口逐漸痊愈結(jié)疤.97.scarf.n.圍巾;頭巾;披肩98.scratchv.1)a).刮,劃,抓(物體外表或皮膚)(呈現(xiàn)傷或痕狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典Thedogisscratchingatthedoor.狗正在抓門b)抓,劃或刮而成(某狀態(tài))scratchalineonasurface在物體外表上劃出一條線.2)撓或擦(皮膚);尤指(搔癢)3)~sb/sth(onsth)使(自己或身體某部)外劃傷.He‘sscratchedhishandonanail.的手讓釘子刮破了.4)發(fā)出刮或擦的聲音.Myscratches.我的鋼筆在寫字時(shí)發(fā)出刮紙聲還可以作n.99.semicircle.n.半圓形;半圓形的周長半圓形的東西a~ofchairs排列成半圓形的椅子.100.significance.n.[u]1)意義;意思2)重大意義;重要性101.skateboard滑板(長約50厘米的窄板,裝有滑輪可站在上面滑行)102.sneeze.n.噴嚏v.打噴嚏103.1)鼻子吸氣發(fā)出聲音2)~(at)呼吸時(shí)用鼻吸氣;(up)用鼻子吸入某物104.softball壘球(與棒球相似,但球場較小球較大而弱)105.software軟件106.souvenir.紀(jì)念品,紀(jì)念物107.spade.n.鍬,鏟spades(紙牌中的)黑桃108.stainlessadj.無污點(diǎn)的;無瑕疵的109.starvation.n.挨餓;餓死110.supreme.adj.1)力.級(jí)別或地位最高的;至高無上的2)最重要的;最大的111.surplus.n.1)[c,u]剩余(額);過剩;盈余;順差Wehaveatradesurplusof$400million.我們有4億美元的貿(mào)易順差.826

2)習(xí)語)insurplus有剩余;有盈余Ourtradeisinsurplus.3)adj.~(tosth)剩余的過剩的surpluslabour剩余勞動(dòng)力112.suspension.n.1)[u]懸掛懸浮,暫停,延緩,停職thesuspensionofafrom對(duì)一名學(xué)生的停學(xué)處分2)[u]車輛的懸掛裝置(如彈簧及減震器)3)[c,u]懸浮(液)狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典4)suspensionbridge懸索橋;吊橋113.systematic.adj.1)有系統(tǒng)的,有方案的,有條理的;Heverysystematicinallhedoes.他做一切事情都很有條理2)有預(yù)謀的,蓄意的asystematicattempttoruinsb‘sreputation蓄謀破壞某人的名譽(yù)114.towards)dosth)(人或物呈現(xiàn)的)傾向,趨勢(shì)atendencytofact/towardsfatness/togetfat發(fā)胖的趨勢(shì)2)(事物運(yùn)動(dòng)或變化的)趨向,傾向,趨勢(shì)Pricescontinuetoshowanupwardtendency.物價(jià)呈持續(xù)上升的趨勢(shì).115.tentative.adj.試驗(yàn)性質(zhì)的,躊躇的,試探性的不確定的,非決定性的.reachatentativeconclusion得出暫時(shí)的結(jié)論116.tissue1)[u,c]動(dòng)植物的組織;2)[c]用作手帕等的)巾aboxoftissues一盒紙巾3)[c](包裝物品用的)薄紙,棉紙.;4)[c,u](何種類的)薄織物5)[c]~(ofsth)(相關(guān)的或交織的一套,一系列Hisstoryisatissueoflies.他的話是一派謊話.117.tournamentn.1)聯(lián)賽,比賽,競賽,錦標(biāo)賽(常為淘汰制(舊時(shí))武士騎馬比武(用鈍武器,尤指長矛)118.tram(有軌的)電車119.transparent.adj.1)透明的aboxwithatransparentlid帶有透明蓋的盒子;2)明顯的,無疑的,無錯(cuò)誤的a~lie易識(shí)破的謊話;3)易懂的,清楚的a~styleofwriting簡明的文體。120.trolleybusn.無軌電車121.typhoon臺(tái)風(fēng)122.undertake.v.(pt.undertookpp.undertaken)926

1)承當(dāng)(某事物);負(fù)起(某事物)的責(zé)任;2)同意或容許做某事123.undo(pt.undidpp.undone)1)解開,松開(結(jié),紐扣等);翻開,拆開(包裹,信封等)2)使(某物)無效;取消;廢除.124.vanilla.n.1)[c]香子蘭(熱帶蘭科植物,花味香醇)2)[u]香草醛(自香子蘭莢中提取或由人工合成的香精125.violence.n.[u]1)暴力行為(指非法的);暴行b.狂熱;激情;強(qiáng)烈的感情狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典Weexpressedourviewswithsomeviolence.我們沖動(dòng)地亮明了觀點(diǎn).2)劇烈;猛烈;厲害;3)doviolencetosth.違背或違反某事物126.voluntary1)adj.自愿的,自動(dòng)的,主動(dòng)的;志愿的,無償?shù)?義務(wù)的2)n.(教堂禮拜儀式或進(jìn)行期間的)樂器獨(dú)奏127.yawn.v.打哈欠;(指大洞穴等)張開,裂開n.1)哈欠;2)乏味的或枯燥的事物Themeetingwasonebigyawnfromstarttofinish.那會(huì)議自始至終十分無聊.128.zebra.n.斑馬129.zoom1)(指飛行器汽車等)急速移動(dòng)(尤指發(fā)出嗡嗡聲或轟轟聲2)(指價(jià)格,費(fèi)用等)急升,猛漲n.(指飛行器或汽車等)急速的移動(dòng),急速移動(dòng)時(shí)發(fā)出的聲音.第二局部:語法專題專題1.定語從句一、關(guān)系代詞的用法1.that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語,作主語時(shí)不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:Thecoat(that)Iputonthedeskis放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語)2.which用于指物,在句中作主語或賓語,作主語不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:buildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。(作主語)3.who,whom用于指人who用作主語whom用作賓語。在口語中,有時(shí)可用who代替whom,也可省略。例如:1026

ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfrom經(jīng)常在英語方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國人。(作主語Whoistheteacher(whom)LiMingistalking正在與李明談話的老師是誰?(賓語)注意1)當(dāng)定語從句中含有介詞詞放在句末時(shí)whothat,which可省略,但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí),只能用―介詞which/whom‖結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:Pleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedthenovel.告知你從誰那里借的這本小說。2)含有介詞的固定動(dòng)詞詞組中,介詞不可前置,只能放在原來的位置上。例如:狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。3)that作介詞的賓語時(shí)介詞不能放它的前面只能放在從句中動(dòng)詞的后面。例如:Thecitythatshelivesinisveryfar居住的城市非常遠(yuǎn)。4)關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況:a.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾,或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:wasfirstpersonpassedtheexam.b.被修飾的先行詞為all,any,,,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代詞時(shí),只能用that而不用which.例如:Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎?c.先行詞被theonly,the,thesame,thelast,little,等詞修飾時(shí)能用that用which.例如isthesamebikethatIlost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。d.先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如:IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomethatIinroom.我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見到的人和一些照片。e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句為防止重復(fù)只能用如:Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰?1126

f.主句是therebe結(jié)構(gòu),修飾主語的定語從句用that,而不用which.如:ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本書是湯姆的。5)關(guān)系詞只能用which,而不用that的情況:a.先行詞為that,those時(shí)用which,而不用例如:‘sthatwhichisunderthedesk?在桌子底下的那些東西是什么?b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)般用which不用that.例如Thistheroominwhichhelives.這是他居住的房間。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句which,而不用例如:Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.湯姆回來了,這使我們很快樂。二、關(guān)系副詞的用法1.when指時(shí)間其先行詞表時(shí)間在句中作時(shí)間狀語例如:Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.這是他到達(dá)的時(shí)間。2.where指地點(diǎn)其先行詞表示地點(diǎn)句中作地點(diǎn)狀語例如:Thisistheplacewhereheworks.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典3.why指原因,其先行詞是原因,起原因狀語作用。例如:Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。4.as引導(dǎo)的定語從句1)as引導(dǎo)的定語從句可置于句首,而which不可。Asweallknow,neversmokes.2)as代表前面的整個(gè)主句并在從句中作主語時(shí),從句中的謂語必須是系動(dòng)詞;假設(shè)為行為動(dòng)詞,那么從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用。3)非限定性定語從句中出現(xiàn)expect,think,suppose等表示猜想、想象、預(yù)料等時(shí)。Sheinthewe4)thesame……as;……as中的as是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu),和……一樣……。Ishouldliketousethesametoolasisusedhere.Weshouldhavesuchadictionaryasheisusing.自我測試:1.Isthistheriver_____IcanswimA.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.theone2.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.1226

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.it3.Canyoulendmethedictionary______theotherday?A.thatyouboughtB.youboughtitC.thatyouboughtitD.whichyouboughtit4.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.A.whichagreesB.whoagreeC.whoagreesD.whichagree5.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.A.thatB.itC.whichD.who6.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegate.A.who‘sB.whosethatofwhich.7.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.A.thatB.whichD.who8.Theworldisupofmatter.A.inthatweliveB.onwhichweliveC.whereweliveinD.welivein參考答案:1-5BCACA6-8BCD狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典專題2.插入語在英語學(xué)習(xí)中入語是一個(gè)比擬重要的知識(shí)點(diǎn)插入語是一種獨(dú)立成分,通常與句中其他成分沒有語法上的關(guān)系,許多同學(xué)在學(xué)習(xí)過程中會(huì)有一定的困難。其實(shí),插入語大都是對(duì)一句話進(jìn)行附加說明或解釋,通常由一個(gè)詞、一個(gè)短語或一個(gè)句子構(gòu)成常置于句首句中或句末一般用逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)與句子隔開。下面舉例歸納插入語的幾種用法。1._____themoreexpensivethecamerathebetteritsquality.A.GeneralspeakingB.SpeakinggeneralC.GenerallyspeakingD.Speakinggenerally解析:此題答案為C.generallyspeaking為分詞短語,意思是―一般來說‖,在句中用作插入語。小結(jié):許多分詞短語可以用作插入語,這樣的分詞短語有:speaking(嚴(yán)格地說),generallyconsidering(般認(rèn)為),judgingfrom……(根據(jù)……判斷)等。例2.Twomiddle-agedpassengersfellintothesea.____,neitherofthemcouldswim.A.InfactB.LuckilyC.UnfortunatelyD.Naturally1326

解析:此題答案為unfortunately為副詞,意思是―令人遺憾地,不巧,可惜‖,在句中用作插入語。小結(jié):常用作插入語的副詞或副詞短語有:確實(shí)),surely(疑),however(然而),frankly(坦率地說),obviously(然),naturally(天然地),luckily(happily)forsb.(算人幸運(yùn)),fortunately(幸好),strangely(怪),briefly(簡單地說)等。例3.Yourperformanceinthedrivingtest‘treachtherequiredstandard,_____,youA.intheafterallinD.atthesametime解析:此題答案other為介詞短語,意思是―換句話說‖,作插入語。小結(jié):常用作插入語的介詞短語有:conclusion(總之),inaword(而言之),in簡而言之),ingeneral(一說來),ina在種意義上),inmyview(在我看來),inhisopinion(按照他的看法),infact(實(shí)上)首先),inaddition(此)course(當(dāng))surprise,toherregret(使她遺憾的),forexample等。例4Itisfromher._____,welastmorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What?smoreB.ThatistosayC.InotherwordsD.Believeitornot解析:答案D.believeitornot一分句,意思是―信不信由你‖,在句中作插入語。小結(jié):用簡短的句子結(jié)構(gòu)作插入語,它們常置于句中或句末。這類簡短的句子有:Iamsure(我狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典可以肯定地說)believe(我相信),doyouknow(你知道嗎)see(你明白)afraid(恐怕issaid(據(jù)說)suppose(我想)more(而且),what‘sworse(更糟糕的是)is(也就是說)‘simportant(重要的是)等。例5_____withyou,Ihavenomoneytospare.A.TobefrankB.What‘smoreC.InadditionD.However14/26

解析:答案為A.tobefrank不定式短語,意思是―坦率地說‖,在句中作插入語。結(jié):常用作插入語的不定式短語有tobesure(無疑地,tosumup(概括地說),totellthetruth(老實(shí)說等。例6_____,heshouldhavedonesuchathing.A.SpeakinggeneralB.StrangetosayC.LuckilyD.Ofcourse解析:答案為B.strangetosay為形容詞短語,意思是―說也奇怪‖,在句中作插入語。結(jié)常用作插入語的形容詞或其短語有真的)真可笑),needlesstosay(不用說),mostimportantofall,worsestill(糟糕的),evenbetter(更好)等。試題設(shè)計(jì):1._____,heoftenforgottoturnoffthelights.A.EvenbetterB.StrangeC.HoweverD.Fortunately2.Greenland,_____islandintheworld,coversovermillionkilometers.A.itistheB.thatisthelargestC.theD.thelargest3.Anawfulaccident_____,however,occurtheotherday.A.doesB.didC.hastoD.hadto4.YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthediscussion.,she______somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid5.Borishasbrains.In,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas____IQ.A.ahighB.ahigherC.thehigherD.thehighest6.Helenwaskindertoheryoungestsonthantoothers,_____,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which7._____thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmayhimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven8._____resultsfromhardwork.1526

A.WorseB.SureC.ToupD.What‘sworseAsIknow,thereis_____carinthisneighborhood.A.nosuchB.noaC.notsuchD.nosucha10.Hemadeanotherwonderful,_____ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis【參考答案】BDBDB6~11DACAA專題3.倒裝1.倒裝的分類倒裝分為完全倒裝和局部倒裝全倒裝指將句子的謂語動(dòng)詞全部提到主語之前構(gòu)成的倒裝完全倒裝指把謂語的一局部提到主語之前構(gòu)成的倒裝。2.完全倒裝(1)表示地點(diǎn)`,趨向的副詞(如here,there,up,down,off,in,out)提到句首,句子的主語為名詞時(shí),句子要完全倒裝。camethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Thereflymanykindsofbirds.Outdashedthestudentsatthesound.Offrushedthewildanimals.Upwenttheprices.注意:句子的主語為代詞時(shí),不能倒裝。如:itcomes.(2)表示地點(diǎn)、位置、處所的介詞提到句首,句子的主語為名詞時(shí),要完全倒裝。Betweenthetwobuildingsisabeautifulgarden.Infrontoftheclassroomisaplayground.示方向的介詞短語提到句首,句子的主語為名詞時(shí),要完全倒裝。EastofChinaisJapan.(4)therebe句型是一種完全倒裝句。Therestoodadogbeforehim.TherearemanypicturesontheThereexistopinionsthisquestion.(5)\分詞(代詞)+be+主語\結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.Gonearethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.3.不完全倒裝不完全倒裝又叫局部倒裝。局部倒裝與句子的主語是代詞還是名詞無關(guān)。狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典1626

(1)表示否認(rèn)意義或否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)的詞或短語提到句首,句子要用局部倒裝。1)表示否認(rèn)意義的詞有:hardly,scarcely,seldom,never,little,few等2)表示否認(rèn)意義的短語有:innoplace任何地方都不atnotime在任何時(shí)候都不oncondition在任何條件下都不innosituation在任何情況下都不bynomeans,innoway用任何方法都不notuntil直到……才hardly…when…剛一…就…nosooner…than…剛一…就…①Hecanhardlysayawordatthesightoftheteacher.Hardlycanhesayawordatthesightoftheteacher.②Heseldomstaysupatnight.Seldomdoeshestayupatnight.③Weseetheanimalhereatnotime.Atnotimedoweseetheanimalhere.(2)notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…連接主語時(shí),不倒裝,謂語與最近的主語一致;引導(dǎo)狀語和從句時(shí)要局部倒裝。①NotonlyhebutalsoIclassroomnow.IsnotonlybutalsoIintheclassroomnow?②Notonlyintheclassroombutalsoathomedoeshereadthatbook.(3)merely,only,simply引導(dǎo)的除主語以外的句子成分提前時(shí),句子用局部倒裝。Onlyinthatwaycanyoufinishtheworkontime.Onlyhecandothework.(4)so表示―也‖時(shí),句子用局部倒裝。Theyseenthatfilm.Sohavewe.so表示如此時(shí)代詞替前面提過的事用倒裝。askedmetostudyhardtopasstheexam.SoIdid./Ididso.so表示與其前者的情況相同時(shí)不用倒裝一般用句型itis/waswith…Heishard-working.HestudiesveryHeoftenothers.He‘tsmokeordrink.Soitiswithme./Itisthesamewithme.(5)在虛擬語氣中,if從句的謂語局部含有had、should時(shí),可省略if,將條件句中的had、were、should提到主語前構(gòu)成倒裝。Weresheintheclassroomwithusnow,shewouldstopyou.Shouldshelosethematchtomorrow,thesunwouldriseinthewest.1726

狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典(6)表示時(shí)間頻度的詞和短語提前子用局部倒裝見的有always,often,seldom,usually,nowandthen,onceinawhile,everyother+間,manyatime(許屢次)次數(shù)+(a)時(shí)間Twiceaweekwillshegototheclassnextyear.(7)such/so引導(dǎo)的成分提前時(shí),句子用局部倒裝,such…that,sosuch…as(not)todo,so…as(not)todo等①Suchagoodstudentishethatalwaysgetsgoodresults.→Heissuchagoodthathegetsgoodresults.abigmistakehemakeastofailtheexam.→Hemadeabigmistakeastofailtheexam.選擇最正確答案:1.Ifyouwanttogothere,____.A.IgoalsoB.soamIC.soIwillD.sowillI2.Notonly____interestedinfootballbut____beginningtoshowaninterestinit.A.theteacherhimselfis;allthestudentsareB.theteacherhimselfis;areallthestudentsC.istheteacherhimself;areallD.istheteacherallthe3.____didthestudentsrealizetheyarewrong.A.ItwasuntilB.ItwasnotuntilthenC.NotuntilthenD.Notuntil4.Sodifficult____ittoliveherethatIdecidedtoleavehere.A.IfelthavefeltIIfeelthestation____thebellrang.A.Ihadreached;whenB.hadIreached;thenC.didIreach;whenD.hadIreached;when6.—Idon‘tthinkIcanwalkon.—____.Lethavearest.A.NeitheramIB.NeithercanIC.IsoD.Ithinkso7.____thematchtomorrow,thesunwouldriseinthewest.1826

A.Ifhehelosewhenyouridentityhasbeenchecked____.狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典A.youareallowedinC.willyouallowinB.youwillbeallowedinD.willyoubeallowedin9.Ontopofthebooks____thephotoalbumyoulookingfor.A.isB.areC.hasD.have10.withneighboringcountriescouldnotsettletheirdifference.A.theyagreedB.agreedtheyC.didtheyagreeD.theydidagree參考答案:1-5DDCDD6-10BCDAC專題4.省略和替代省略和替代這兩種語言現(xiàn)象一般出現(xiàn)在上下文相同的語境中,它們的共同目的都是讓句子防止重復(fù),言簡意賅。一、省略(一)復(fù)合句的省略1.狀語從句由(al)though,asif,until,once,unless,when,whether,where,while等引導(dǎo),且同時(shí)具備以下兩個(gè)條件:主句和從句的主語一致,或從句主語為it從句中的主要?jiǎng)釉~是be某種形式。那么從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞??墒÷?。例如:When(theis)completed,themuseumwillopentothepublicnext‘llgoforholidayif(itis)2.比擬狀語從句的省略。例如:I‘mtallerthanhe(istall).Thehigherthetemperature(is),thegreaterthepressure(is).3.某些虛擬語氣的句子可以省略should虛擬條件句有時(shí)可以省略if,但從句要使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:WereIyou(=IfIwereyou),Iwouldgowithher.Isuggestthathe(should)studymoreEnglishbeforegoingabroad.4.賓語從句中的連接詞that限制性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞常省略。例如:Sheisthewoman(who/whom/that)wearetalkingabout.()并列句的省略1926

為使句子簡潔,在無損句子完整的前提下常省略相同成分。例如:oftenregardshavestayedhome,butIdidn‘t(stayhome).狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典(三)(簡單句)習(xí)慣省略1.對(duì)話語境中前后省略。例如:—Howareyou?—(I‘m)Fine.2.介詞in,from等在搭配中省略。例如:Theyarebusy(in)cleaningtheroom.spendsevening(in)studyingcouldstopthem(from)movingtheheavybox.這類詞常為waste/succeed/difficulty/trouble/keep/prevent。3.省略不定式符號(hào)to。不定式作動(dòng)詞make/let以及感官動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)要省略to,但變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)不能省略。例如:Thebossmadetheworkersworkdayandallnight.workersweremadetoworkalldayandallnight.在密切聯(lián)系的語境中防止重復(fù)賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式只保存。例如:Don‘ttouchanythingunlessyourteachertellsyouto.—Didinvitehimtothepartyyesterday?—Yes,‘dtriedto,butherefusedto.單項(xiàng)選擇題考查的主要是狀語從句、不定式和問句的省略。二、替代替代有三種:名詞性替代、動(dòng)詞性替代和分句性替代。(一)名詞性替代常用one,it,that,those,thesame和人稱代詞或物主代詞。例如:1.MrSmithgavethetextbookstoallthepupilsexcepttheonesalreadyIhateitpeopletalkmouthsfull.3.—Hewasnearlydrownedonce.—Whenwasthat?—Itwasin1998whenhewasinthemiddleschool4.Thehousesofthericharelargerthanthoseofthepoor.5.Ihaveacupofblackcoffeewithsugar,please?—Givemethesame,please.(二)動(dòng)詞性替代常用do,doso/it/that等。例如:1.—Itoldaboutit.—Idid,too.2026

2.Hehadpromisedtopay,butfailedtodoso(it/that).狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典①Ifwe'dhavea轉(zhuǎn)換為:Timepermitting,we'dbetterhaveaholidayatweekends.②Whenweseefromthewecanthecitymore轉(zhuǎn)換為hilltop,wecanfindthecitymorebeautiful.從山頂上看,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)城市更美了。2、還必須注意,分詞結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語并不總是和主句的主語一致也可以是主句的其它成分,語法上稱作\依著法那么\例①如果一個(gè)分詞結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中找不到它的邏輯主語,語法上稱作\懸垂分詞\例②。①Searchingforthethiefinthecity,ithadtakenthepolicemenalongtime.在城市里搜查小偷,花費(fèi)了警察很長一段時(shí)間。②Whencarebetakento(人們)種這些花時(shí)必須小心,不要損壞了花根IV.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與獨(dú)立成分的異同1、有些分詞短語可以獨(dú)立存在,在句子中沒有邏輯上的主語,實(shí)際上已經(jīng)變成了習(xí)慣用法這些短語有:Generallyspeaking總的說來,Franklyspeaking坦率地說,Judgingfrom從……判斷,Supposing假設(shè),等等。①Generallyspeaking,theruleisveryeasytounderstand.總的說來,這規(guī)那么很容易懂。②Judgingwhatmustanhonestman.由他所說的來判斷,他一定是一個(gè)老實(shí)的人。2、有些固定短語是帶to的不定式,說明說話人的立場或態(tài)度,在句中作獨(dú)立成分些短語有:tobehonest老實(shí)說,tobesure確實(shí),totellyouthetruth說實(shí)話,tocutalongstoryshort長話短說tobefrank坦率地說,tomakematters/thingsworse更糟糕的是,等。①Totellyouthetruth,Imadeamistakeinthewordspelling.說實(shí)話,我犯了個(gè)拼寫錯(cuò)誤。②Toworse,ofthehavegonetocitiesinsearchofhigherpay,leavingwomenfromnearbyvillagestocarryonwiththe2126

work.情況更糟的是,許多男人都去城市找工資較高的工作,而留下附近村莊的婦女來繼續(xù)承當(dāng)修復(fù)工作。專題7.非謂語動(dòng)詞一.不定式:狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典一)不定式的??夹问剑?)一般形式:Hewith被動(dòng)形式:Hepreferredtobeassignedsomeheavierworktodo.語法功能:表示與謂語動(dòng)詞同步發(fā)生2)完成形式:Hepretendednottohaveseen被動(dòng)形式:Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.語法功能:表示發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前二)不定式??嫉目键c(diǎn)不定式做定語——將要發(fā)生3)不定式充當(dāng)名詞功能——Toseeistobelieve.三)不定式的省略1)感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do表示動(dòng)作的完整性,真實(shí)性;+doing表示動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性,進(jìn)行性Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。強(qiáng)調(diào)\我看見了\這個(gè)事實(shí))Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.昨天我見他正在花園里干活。強(qiáng)調(diào)\我見他正干活\這個(gè)動(dòng)作)感官動(dòng)詞后面接形容詞而不是副詞:caketastesgood.Itfeelscomfortable.2)使役動(dòng)詞have,bid,make,let等詞后不定式要省略但同一樣被動(dòng)以后要復(fù)原toI‘dliketohaveJohndoit.Ihavemypackageweighed.Pauldoesn‘thavetobemadetolearn.3)helphelpsbdohelpsbtodohelpdohelptodo四)有些動(dòng)詞后只跟不定式如wantwishpromiserefuse,pretend,plan,offer,decide,agreeallowsbtodo,causesbtodo,permitsbtodo,enablesbtodo,forcesbtodo,bemorelikely2226

totowarntobetotodo,starttodo五)有的時(shí)候to后面要接-ing形式如:accustom(oneself)to;beaccustomedto;faceupto;inadditionto;lookforwardto;objectto;bereducedto;resignoneselfto;beresignedto;resortto;sinkto;beusedto;bealternativeto;beclose/closenessto;bededication/dedicatedto;opposition/opposedto;similarity/similarto.二.動(dòng)名詞:具有動(dòng)作性特征的名詞2)不定式做狀語——目的狀元高考復(fù)習(xí)寶典1)是名詞Seeingisbelieving.2)具有動(dòng)詞性特征可以帶賓語Starvingtroopsnecessary.)動(dòng)名詞的形式:一般形式:Iyou完成形式:takenyouradvice.被動(dòng)形式:Thisquestionisfarfrombeingsettled.二動(dòng)名詞??嫉狞c(diǎn)1)動(dòng)名詞做主語謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)2)在動(dòng)名詞和不定式中,作為介詞的賓語是動(dòng)名詞3)動(dòng)名詞的否認(rèn)直接在其前加否認(rèn)詞,通過代詞的賓格或所有格形式給出邏輯主語.Iwouldappreciate______backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.youcallingcalling(Key:C.yourcalling也對(duì))Iregretnothavingtakenyouradvice.4)些詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞:admit;appreciate;avoid;celebrate;consider;contemplate;defer;delay;deny;detest;discontinue;dislike;dispute;enjoy;itentails;escape;excuse;explain;fancy;feellike;finish;forgive;can'tmiss;itnecessitates;pardon;postpone;pra

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