2019年英語新外研選修七講義Module2SectionⅡIntroductionReading-LanguagePoints

SectionⅡIntroduction&Reading—LanguagePoints一、這樣記單詞記得準(zhǔn)·寫得對(duì)記得快·記得多Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)詞匯1.highlightn．最重要的部分；最精彩的部分2.foreveradv.永遠(yuǎn)3.rentv.(短期)租用Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1.mediatorn．調(diào)解員；斡旋者→mediatev．調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)停2.competitiveadj.好強(qiáng)的；好競爭的→competev．競爭；比賽→competitionn．競爭→competitorn．競爭者3.electv．選舉；推選→electionn．選舉4.settlev．解決→settlementn．協(xié)議；和解5.suitv．合適；適合→suitableadj.適合的，適宜的6.enormousadj.巨大的，龐大的→enormouslyadv.極其地；非常地1.rentv．(短期)租用[詞塊]①forrent招租②rentcharge租費(fèi)③rent...from...向……租借……④rent...to...把……租給……⑤collecttherents收租[比較]①hire多用于對(duì)人的雇用②rent表示“租出去”和“租借”兩種含義2.enormousadj.巨大的，龐大的[同義]①hugeadj.巨大的；龐大的；極大的②immenseadj.巨大的；廣大的③massiveadj.巨大的；大量的；大規(guī)模的④vastadj.巨大的；廣闊的[詞塊]anenormoushouse巨大的房子二、這樣記短語記牢固定短語多積常用詞塊1.compare...with...把……與……比較2．lookbackat回顧，回憶3．share...with...與……分享……4．workas充當(dāng)；擔(dān)任5．workon從事6．havefun玩得開心7．haveproblemswith在……方面有問題1.inafewdays'time幾天之后2．yearsfromnow從現(xiàn)在往后幾年3．goonatrip參加旅行4．becomeajournalist成為一名記者5．a(chǎn)tthestartoftheschoolyear在這一學(xué)年開始的時(shí)候6．gotocollege上大學(xué)7．getgoodgradesonmyfinalexams期末考試我考了好成績?nèi)?、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Meanwhile,Ifindmyselflookingbackatmysenioryear...同時(shí)，我發(fā)覺自己在回顧自己高中最后一年的時(shí)光……“find＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語在此處充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)。Isuddenlyfoundmyselfrunningdownthestreet.我不知不覺突然在街上跑了起來。2.It'swell-knownthatAmericansarecompetitive,andIdidenjoyitwheneverIwonourraces!眾所周知，美國人爭強(qiáng)好勝，每當(dāng)我贏得了比賽，我都會(huì)為此欣喜萬分！do/does/did用在動(dòng)詞之前，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，常譯為“的確，真的”。Shedidtellmethatshewouldjoinusinthework.她真的告訴過我她要參加我們的工作。3.It'sagreatpitythatit'sprobablythelasttimethiswillhappen.真遺憾，這樣美妙的夜晚很可能不會(huì)再有了。It'sagreatpitythat“很遺憾……”。it是形式主語，that從句是真正的主語。It'sagreatpitythatLilycannotcometotheparty.真遺憾，莉莉不能來參加這個(gè)聚會(huì)了。1．(教材P16)Meanwhile,Ifindmyselflookingbackatmysenioryear,andthinkingaboutallthewonderfulthingsthathavehappened.同時(shí)，我發(fā)覺自己在回顧自己高中最后一年的時(shí)光，追憶所有發(fā)生過的美好往事。lookbackat回顧，回憶(＝lookbackon/to)①WhenIlookedbackatthosedaysIrealizedIwasdesperatelyunhappy.當(dāng)我回想起那些日子時(shí)，我覺得自己痛苦極了。②Shelooksdownuponpeoplewhohaven'tmuchknowledge.她看不起沒有知識(shí)的人。③Beforethemeetinghelookedthroughthereports.開會(huì)前，他把報(bào)告看了一遍。④AndIdolookforwardtoreceivingyourreplyletterassoonaspossible.(2017·浙江高考寫作)并且我熱切盼望早日收到你的回信。2．(教材P16)SomethingelseI'vegreatlyenjoyedisworkingasapeermediator,someonewhohelpsstudentstosettleproblemsthattheyhavewithotherstudents.另外一件我非常樂意做的事情是做同齡人的調(diào)解員，就是幫助學(xué)生們解決同學(xué)之間的問題。settlev.解決，處理；安排好；定居settledown舒適地坐或躺，過安定的生活，(使)安靜/安頓settledownto(doing)sth.安心去做某事settlesb.in/intosth.幫助某人遷入新居/安頓下來settleonsth.決定做某事settlein＝settleintosth.適應(yīng)，習(xí)慣(新情況，環(huán)境)①Youcan'texpectthatalltheproblemscanbesettledinaveryshorttime.你不能指望著所有的問題會(huì)在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)被解決。②Youhadbettersettledownandsetaboutrevising.你最好安定下來并開始復(fù)習(xí)。③Howarethekidssettlingintotheirnewschool?孩子們在新學(xué)校習(xí)慣嗎？[辨析比較]settle,solvesettlesolve“解決”，其對(duì)象通常是某種爭端“解決”，側(cè)重的是給出一個(gè)答案settleeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(anissue,anargument,aquarrel,amatter))solveeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(aproblem,amystery,apuzzle,difficulties))選用上述單詞填空④Itistimethatyousettledyourdisputewithhim.⑤Howitcameaboutisstillamysterytosolve.3．(教材P17)．..wehadgreatfunracingeachotherdowntheskislopes.……我們比賽著沖下雪坡，玩得非常開心。havefun玩得開心havefundoingsth./withsth.開心地做某事makefunofsb.開某人的玩笑，嘲弄某人for/infun開玩笑地，為了好玩Whatfun!真有趣！Itisfuntodosth.做某事很開心/好玩①Theyoftenhavefunflyingkitesintheopenair.他們經(jīng)常開心地在戶外放風(fēng)箏。②PeopleenjoymakingfunoftheclothesIwear,thoughtheyseemallrighttome.人們愛拿我穿的衣服開玩笑，雖然我的衣服對(duì)我似乎很合適。③Mymotherenteredthelocalflowershowjustforfunandgotafirst.我母親僅僅因好玩而參加了本地的花卉展，結(jié)果得了第一名。[名師點(diǎn)津]fun為不可數(shù)名詞，無復(fù)數(shù)形式，不與不定冠詞連用，但可用great,much,alotof修飾。4．(教材P17)．..I'llneverforgetbeingelectedtothestudentcouncil.……我也永遠(yuǎn)忘不了當(dāng)選為學(xué)生會(huì)成員的經(jīng)歷。electv.選舉；推選(1)electsb.to...把某人選進(jìn)……electsb.(as/tobe)＋職位選某人當(dāng)……(2)electionn.選舉，推選①Weelectedourmonitorbyashowofhands.我們舉手選舉了班長。②Iwaselectedas/tobeamemberofthecampussecuritycommittee.我被選為校園安全委員會(huì)的一員。③Detailsoftheelection(elect)willbepostedoutsidethetownhall.選舉的詳情將貼在市政廳外。[名師點(diǎn)津]當(dāng)有關(guān)職位只有一名時(shí)，表示職務(wù)的名詞前不加冠詞，而且as通常被省略，除此之外的as大多不可省略。5．(教材P17)Ifoundadressthatsuitedmeperfectly,andhadmyhairspeciallydoneonthedayoftheprom.我找到一件非常適合我的晚禮服，畢業(yè)舞會(huì)那天還專門去做了頭發(fā)。suitv.合適；適合n．一套服裝；套裝(1)suitsth.tosth./sb.使適合某物/某人besuitedfor/tosth./sb.適合某物/某人suitsb.(fine)(很)合某人的意；對(duì)某人(很)合適(2)suitableadj.適合的besuitabletodosth.適合做某事besuitablefor適合……①Wefoundhimworkmoresuitedtohisabilities.我們給他找到了更適合他的能力的工作。②Hecansuithisconversationtowhoeverhe'swith.無論跟誰說話，他都能說到一塊兒。③Thesimplicityofthebookmakesitsuitableforchildren.這本書簡單易懂，適合兒童。[辨析比較]suit,fit,matchsuit指“適合，中意，適宜”，多指符合需要、口味、性格、條件、場合等。尤其用來指衣服的樣式、顏色或發(fā)式與人相配fit是一個(gè)日常用語，多用來指“大小、形狀、尺寸等合適”match指“相配，配得上”，指人或物在性質(zhì)、色調(diào)、設(shè)計(jì)等方面相當(dāng)或相配選用上述單詞填空④Thedressfitsyouwell,butitscolordoesn'tsuityou,andalsoitdoesn'tmatchyourshoes.1．Meanwhile,Ifindmyselflookingbackatmysenioryear,andthinkingaboutallthewonderfulthingsthathavehappened.同時(shí)，我發(fā)覺自己在回顧高中最后一年的時(shí)光，追憶所有發(fā)生過的美好往事。(1)該句為“find＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)……處于某種狀態(tài)”。(2)該結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語補(bǔ)足語可以是形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/分詞/名詞。①Whenshewokeup,shefoundherselfinthehospital.當(dāng)她醒來時(shí)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在醫(yī)院里。②Ifoundmyselfspending(spend)awholedayinmytent.我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己一整天都在帳篷里度過。③Theyfoundthemselvessurrounded(surround)bycolorfulrocks,fishes,shellsandplants.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們自己被彩色的巖石、魚、貝殼和植物包圍。④Ifindheraneasywomantogetalongwith.我發(fā)現(xiàn)她是一個(gè)很容易相處的女士。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)在“find＋賓語＋分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作與賓語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且分詞動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)，則用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與賓語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且分詞表示被動(dòng)和完成，則用過去分詞。(2)在“find＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”中，如果賓語是動(dòng)詞不定式或從句，習(xí)慣上用形式賓語it來代替，并把真正的賓語放在句末。2．It'swell-knownthatAmericansarecompetitive,andIdidenjoyitwheneverIwonourraces!眾所周知，美國人爭強(qiáng)好勝，每當(dāng)我贏得了比賽，我都會(huì)為此欣喜萬分！did在句中起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。do/does/did用在動(dòng)詞之前，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，常譯為“的確，真的”。通常用于一般過去時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的肯定句中，也可用于祈使句中。①Shedidtellmeaboutheraddress,butIforgotallaboutit.她確實(shí)告訴過我她的地址，但我忘了。②Idohopeyou'llstayherealittlelonger.我確實(shí)希望你在這里多待一會(huì)兒。③Wedon'tknowshedoes(do)hateusingamobilephone.我們不知道她確實(shí)討厭使用手機(jī)。[名師點(diǎn)津]do是對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)，如果對(duì)其他成分的強(qiáng)調(diào)我們應(yīng)該使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分＋that/who＋...。④Itisonlyinthiswaythatwecansolvethisproblem.只有這樣，我們才能解決這個(gè)問題。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．It'stimeyousettled/shouldsettle(settle)yourdifferenceswithyourfather.2．WheneverIamalone,Ifindmyselfalwayslookingbackattheolddays.3．Icanusuallyletmyselfgoandhavefunwithfriends.4．Tomwaselected(elect)asthechairmanwhenhewasinhisthirties.5．PeoplesaythatIamsuitedtobeing(be)aprimaryschoolteacher.6．Wedoknowwhyhe'sgone,butatpresentIcan'ttellyouaboutit.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Settledown,children;stoprunningabout!孩子們，安靜下來吧，別到處亂跑了！2．Itissuitableforpeopleofallagesandphysicalconditions.它適合于各種年齡和體質(zhì)的人。3．Ingeneral,peopledonotliketobemadefunof.大體上講，人們都不喜歡被嘲笑。4．Acommitteewillbesetuptolookintothematter.將要成立一個(gè)委員會(huì)對(duì)此事進(jìn)行調(diào)查。5．Hedidgototheparkforawalkyesterdayafternoon.昨天下午他確實(shí)去那個(gè)公園散步了。一、全練語言點(diǎn)，基穩(wěn)才能樓高Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Youhavetobehighlycompetitive(好競爭的)todowellinsportthesedays.2．Thebluedresssuits(適合)youwell,andyoulookextremelybeautifulinit.3．ThedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtorelyonimportedoilaregoneforever(永遠(yuǎn))．4．Nowthatthedifficultproblemhasbeensettled(解決),wecangoonwithourwork.5．Theseflowersarebrightlycolouredinordertoattract(吸引)butterflies.6．Iarrivedwithonesuitcase,myonlyluggage(行李)foraterm.7．TheweekendinVenicewasdefinitelythehighlight(最精彩的部分)ofourtrip.8．Thethreecharts(圖表)areofthesame.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Whatafunitwillbewhenwegoonholidaytogether.去掉a2．Theyliketolookbackthoseunforgettableyearsinthearmy.back后加to/at3．MrSmithelectedthechairmanoftheeducationcommittee.elected前加was4.Stoptalking,children,andsettledowntodoyourhomework.do→doing5．Hemayhaveforgottenaboutit,butIdidcalledhimtotellhim.called→callⅢ.完成句子1．Ibethe'lllaughwhenhelooksbackon/atthiswholethinginayear.我敢打賭一年以后回頭看這件事的時(shí)候他會(huì)大笑。2．Herechildrencanhavefunplayingwithwater.在這里孩子們可以痛痛快快地玩水。3．Itisagreatpitythatnotallchildreninthecitycanhavethesamechance.很遺憾在這個(gè)城市里不是所有的孩子都有同樣的機(jī)會(huì)。4．ThebiggestsurprisewaswhenIwaselectedmonitor.最大的驚喜就是我被選為班長的時(shí)候。5．Ienjoysharingmyopinionswithothers.我喜歡與他人分享我的觀點(diǎn)。6．Waituntilthechildrensettledownbeforeyoustartthelesson.等到孩子們靜下來，你才能上課。7．WhenIenteredmyroom,Ifounditdecoratedwithflowers.當(dāng)我走進(jìn)房間時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)房間里裝飾了鮮花。8．Aftercovering10kilometers,hedidlooktired.走了10千米，他確實(shí)顯得很疲倦。Ⅳ.課文語法填空Promnighthascomeandgone,andI1.havereceived(receive)myhighschooldiploma.2.Itisagoodthingthattheexamsarefinished.Meanwhile,Ifindmyself3.looking(look)backatmysenioryearandthinkingaboutallthewonderfulthings.Ihavedecidedtowritethem4.down.Oneofthebestthingsaboutthisyearhasbeenworkingas5.anartseditor.Thehighlightoftheyearwastheseniorprom.Ifoundadressthatsuitedme6.perfectly(perfect),andhadmyhairspecially7.done(do)onthedayoftheprom.EverybodytoldmethatI8.looked(look)veryelegant.ButthebigsurpriseoftheeveningwaswhenI9.waselected(elect)promqueen.Itwasaperfectending10.toaperfectschoolyear.Ⅴ.串點(diǎn)成篇微表達(dá)我經(jīng)?；貞?lookbackat)那段經(jīng)歷。我過去不知道如何解決(settle)一個(gè)關(guān)于我的友誼的大問題。王林是我最好的朋友。我們在一起總是很開心(havefun)。但是他很好強(qiáng)(competitive)。我們在同一個(gè)公司工作。上周我們部門想競選(elect)一位經(jīng)理。王林希望能參加這次競選，但是我認(rèn)為那個(gè)職位更適合(suit)我。因此我不知道做什么。Ioftenlookbackatthatexperience.Ididn'tknowhowtosettleabigproblemaboutmyfriendship.WangLinismybestfriend.Wealwayshavefuntogether.Butheisverycompetitive.Weworkinthesamecompany.Ourdepartmentwantedtoelectamanagerlastweek.WangLinhopedtotakepartintheelection,butIthinkthepositionsuitedmefine.SoIdidn'tknowwhattodo.二、勤練高考題型，多練自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空WhenIwasthreeyearsold,myparentsdiscoveredIwastotallydeaf.Afterdiscussingwithdoctors,theymadeadecisiontosendmetoa1school.Iexperiencedgreat2throughoutelementaryschoolbecauseI3withmostofmyschoolworkinorderthatIcouldkeepup.Becauseofmy4Ihadtoconstantlyaskeveryone,“Whatdidhe/shesay？”Classmatesarewarm-hearted.5，Iworriedthateveryonewouldsoon6repeatingeverythingbacktome.OftenIwasafraidmyclassmateswouldmakefunofmesoI7answeredanyteacher'squestion.Mrs.Jordan,my5th-gradeteacher,changedmy8withasimplethree-wordphrase.Onemorning,sheaskedtheclassaquestion.Ireadherlipsandimmediatelyraisedmyhand.YetIdaren't9it—thistimeIknewtheanswer.Whenshecalledonme,Iwasnervous.Despitemy10，IfeltconfidentbecauseIwas11thatIhadtherightanswer.Itookadeepbreathand12answeredMrs.Jordan'squestion.Iwillnever13whathappenednext.Her14surprisedallofus.Mrs.Jordanenthusiasticallyhitthefloorwithherrightfootandranherrightfingerinafullcircleuntilitpointeddirectlyatme.Withsparkling(閃閃發(fā)光的)eyesandawidesmileshe15，“THAT'SRIGHT,STEPHEN！”Forthefirsttimeinmyyounglife,Iwasaninstantstar.Mypride16inmyheart.My17Fromthatday,mygrades19dramatically.My20amongmypeersincreasedandmyoutlookonlifedidacompleteturnabout.語篇解讀：因聽力有問題，作者很少能回答老師的問題。有一天他卻對(duì)老師的提問做出了正確回答，對(duì)此老師給出了積極的鼓勵(lì)，就是這樣簡單的三個(gè)詞的鼓勵(lì)改變了作者的生活。1．A.boarding B．normalC．special D．medical解析：選B由下文作者經(jīng)常問別人老師說了什么可知，作者雖然耳朵失聰，但卻去了一個(gè)正常的(normal)學(xué)校。2．A.gratitude B．discriminationC．a(chǎn)nxiety D．indifference解析：選C作者身患?xì)埣玻瑹o法順利地跟上同學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)度，經(jīng)常與學(xué)校的功課“做斗爭”(struggled)，常會(huì)感到焦慮(anxiety)。3．A.struggled B．dealtC．trembled D．reacted解析：選A參見上題解析。4．A.curiosity B．braveryC．courage D．disability解析：選D由第一段中提到的我聽力有殘疾可知，這里是指我的殘疾(disability)。5．A.Therefore B．BesidesC．However D．Otherwise解析：選C前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用however。同學(xué)們都很熱心，可是我卻擔(dān)心……6．A.gettiredof B．getshyofC．getashamedof D．getskilfulat解析：選A由前文提到的“worried”和空格后的“Iwasafraid”可推斷，作者是擔(dān)心同學(xué)們會(huì)不會(huì)對(duì)他不停的提問而感到厭煩。7．A.briefly B．eagerlyC．narrowly D．rarely解析：選D我擔(dān)心同學(xué)們?nèi)⌒ξ遥晕液苌?rarely)去回答老師的問題。8．A.belief B．situationC．environment D．decision解析：選B根據(jù)下文可知，作者的生活發(fā)生了變化，因此是改變了作者的處境(situation)。9．A.deny B．bearC．judge D．believe解析：選D作者經(jīng)常向同學(xué)問老師說了什么，學(xué)習(xí)也不是很得心應(yīng)手，這次他自己也不敢相信(believe)他竟然知道這個(gè)問題的答案。10．A.fears B．a(chǎn)nnoyanceC．disadvantage D．embarrassment解析：選A由上文“Iwasnervous”可知老師叫我時(shí)，我感到緊張，由此可推斷出這里表示我有些害怕(fears)。11．A.astonished B．pleasedC．convinced D．excited解析：選C作者讀懂了老師的唇語并立即舉手，作者深信(convinced)自己的答案是正確的。由下文老師的反應(yīng)也能推斷出。12．A.nervously B．gladlyC．simply D．respectfully解析：選A前文中的“Iwasnervous”是提示。13．A.encounter B．forgetC．expect D．doubt解析：選B一個(gè)很平常的課堂正確作答，老師卻做出了超乎尋常的反應(yīng)(response)，作者永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記(forget)。14．A.response B．a(chǎn)nswerC．insult D．expression解析：選A參見上題解析。15．A.admitted B．noddedC．cried D．expl