2019年英語新選修六講義Unit5SectionⅠWarmingUpReading-Prereading

IthaslongbeenknowntheancientEgyptianrulers,orpharaohs(法老)wereburiedwithgreatceremonyandlavish(大量的)treasuresthatweretobeusedintheotherworld.Unfortunately,until1922noremainsofanyofthepharaohsortheirtreasureshadeverbeenfound.Inthatyear,however,anarchaeologistnamedHowardCarterandhissponsor,LordCarnavon,wereatlastsuccessful.TheyfoundthetombofKingTutankhamen,whowasburied3,200yearsago.KingTut'stombwasthefirstfullypreservedburialsitetobeuncoveredinEgypt'sValleyoftheKings.Thetwomenfoundthetombtocontainwonderfultreasures.Goldfiguresandmagnificentfurnituredecoratedwithgoldwerefoundinthemyriad(許多)ofsecretroomsandtunnelswithinthepyramid.TheonlydisappointmentforHowardCartercamewhenhefoundthatKingTut'sbodywasnothingbutdust.Apparentlyamistakehadbeenmadewhentheking'sremainsweremummified(使成木乃伊).Carterdid,however,find143piecesofjewelrywithinthemummycase,mostlymadeofgoldandpreciousstones.Actually,despiteallthepublicityabouttheremarkablefindsinhistomb,Tutankhamen'sreign(統(tǒng)治時(shí)期)aspharaohwasshortandrelativelyuneventful(太平的).Hediedwhenhewasjust18yearsold.Section_ⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Pre-reading[原文呈現(xiàn)]AVISITTOTHEZHOUKOUDIANCAVESAgroupofstudents(S)fromEnglandhascometotheZhoukoudiancavesforavisit.Anarchaeologist①(A)isshowingthemround②.A：WelcometotheZhoukoudiancaveshereinChina.ItisagreatpleasuretomeetyoustudentsfromEngland,whoareinterestedinarchaeology③.Youmustbeawarethat④it'sherethatwefoundevidence⑤ofsomeoftheearliestpeoplewholivedinthispartoftheworld.We'vebeenexcavating⑥hereformanyyearsand...[讀文清障]①archaeologist/?ɑ?kI'?l?d?Ist/n.考古學(xué)家(美archeologist)②showsb.round帶領(lǐng)某人參觀③archaeology/?ɑ?kI'?l?d?I/n.考古學(xué)(美archeology)④be/becomeawarethat...意識(shí)到/認(rèn)識(shí)到……⑤evidencen．證據(jù)；證明⑥excavate/'eksk?veIt/vt.挖掘；發(fā)掘周口店洞穴參觀記一群英國(guó)學(xué)生(學(xué))來到周口店洞穴參觀，一位考古學(xué)家(考)正領(lǐng)著他們參觀?？迹簹g迎到中國(guó)來參觀周口店洞穴。很高興見到你們這些來自英國(guó)并且對(duì)考古學(xué)感興趣的學(xué)生。你們想必都很清楚，正是在這個(gè)地方，我們找到了居住在世界上這個(gè)地區(qū)的最早人類的證據(jù)。我們?cè)谶@兒進(jìn)行挖掘工作已經(jīng)很多年了，而且……S1：I'msorrytointerrupt⑦youbuthowcouldtheylivehere?Thereareonlyrocksandtrees.A：Goodquestion.Youareanacute⑧observer.Wehavefoundhumanandanimalbonesinthosecaveshigherupthehillaswellas⑨t(yī)oolsandotherobjects.Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassume⑩theylivedinthesecaves,regardlessof?thecold?.S2：Howdidtheykeepwarm?Theycouldn'thavemats?，blanketsorquilts?likewedo.Itmusthavebeen?veryuncomfortable.A：We'vediscoveredfireplacesinthecentreofthecaveswheretheymadefires?.Thatwouldhavekeptthemwarm?，cookedthefoodandscaredwildbeasts?away?aswell?.Wehavebeenexcavatinglayersofashalmostsixmetresthick,whichsuggeststhattheymighthavekeptthefireburningallwinter.Wehaven'tfoundanydoorsbutwethinktheymighthavehunganimalskinsatthecavemouthtokeepouteq\o(○,\s\up1(21))thecoldduringthefreezingwintereq\o(○,\s\up1(22)).⑦interrupt/?Int?'r?pt/vt.&vi.打斷……講話；打岔；暫時(shí)中斷或中止⑧acute/?'kju?t/adj.有觀察力的；敏銳的；嚴(yán)重的；深刻的此處在句中表示“觀察力敏銳的”。⑨aswellas“也；又”，連接并列成分。⑩assume/?'sju?m/vt.假定；設(shè)想?regardlessof不管；不顧；不理會(huì)?在itisreasonabletoassume...中，it是形式主語，真正的主語是toassume...?mat/m?t/n.席子；墊子?quilt/kwIlt/n．被子；棉被?musthavedone意為“一定……，肯定……”，表示對(duì)過去情況的肯定推測(cè)。?makefires生火?keepthemwarm是“keep＋賓語＋adj.(賓補(bǔ))”結(jié)構(gòu)。?beast/bi?st/n.野獸?scare...away把……嚇跑?aswell還；也，用于肯定句句尾。eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))keepout阻擋eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))freezingwinter寒冷的冬天學(xué)1：對(duì)不起，打斷一下你的講話。但他們?cè)趺茨茏≡谶@個(gè)地方呢？這兒只有石頭和樹木啊?？迹?jiǎn)柕煤?。你是個(gè)敏銳的觀察者。在高山上的那些洞穴里我們找到了人骨和獸骨，還有工具和其他物品。因此我們有理由認(rèn)為他們不顧嚴(yán)寒，就住在這些洞穴里。學(xué)2：那他們是怎樣取暖的呢？他們不可能像我們現(xiàn)在這樣有墊子、毯子和被子。想必是很不舒服的了?？迹何覀儼l(fā)現(xiàn)在洞穴中央有生火用的地爐。他們用地爐里的火來取暖、做飯，還可以用火來嚇跑野獸。我們一直在挖掘一層層的積灰，幾乎有六米厚。這意味著他們可能整個(gè)冬天都在燒火。我們還沒有找到門，但我們認(rèn)為在天寒地凍的冬季他們可能是用獸皮掛在洞口來防寒的。

S3：Whatwildanimalswerethereallthattimeago?A：Well,we'vebeenfindingeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))thebonesoftigersandbearsinthecaves,andwethinktheseweretheirmostdangerousenemies.Nowwhatdoyouthinkthistellsusaboutthelifeoftheseearlypeopleeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))？(showspictureofasewingneedle)S2：Gosh!That'saneedle.Goodness,doesthatmeantheyrepairedthings?A：Whatelsedoyouthinkitmighthavebeenusedforeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))？S4：Letmelookatit.It'satmosteq\o(○,\s\up1(26))threecentimetreseq\o(○,\s\up1(27))long.Ahyes,itseemstobemadeofbone.Iwondereq\o(○,\s\up1(28))howtheymadetheholeforthe...S2：(interrupting)Doyoumeanthattheymadetheirownclothes?Wheredidtheygetthematerial?A：Theydidn'thavemateriallikewehavetoday.Canyouguesswhattheyused?S1：Wow!Didtheywearclothesmadeentirelyeq\o(○,\s\up1(29))ofanimalskinseq\o(○,\s\up1(30))？Howdidtheypreparethem?I'msuretheywerequiteheavytocutandsewtogether.eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))havebeenfinding是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))...whatdoyouthinkthistellsusabout...？是復(fù)雜的特殊疑問句，其構(gòu)成形式為：wh-/how＋doyouthink＋賓語從句。doyouthink作插入語，其后賓語從句用陳述語序。除think外，可用于此句式的動(dòng)詞還有believe,suppose,imagine,expect,guess等。eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))beusedfor...被用來……eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))at(the)most至多；最多eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))centimetre/'sentI?mi?t?/n.厘米(美centimeter)eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))wondervt.&vi.想知道；感到詫異n．驚奇；奇跡；奇觀eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))entirelyadv.完全地；全部地eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))過去分詞短語madeentirelyofanimalskins作后置定語，修飾clothes。學(xué)3：在那以前有些什么野獸呢？考：嗯，我們?cè)诙蠢镪懤m(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn)老虎和熊的骨頭。我們認(rèn)為，這些野獸對(duì)他們來講是最危險(xiǎn)的敵人了?，F(xiàn)在，你們看這個(gè)東西能告訴我們有關(guān)早期人類生活的什么情況呢？(指著一張畫有針線的照片讓大家看)學(xué)2：哎呀！那是一根針。天哪，難道他們還會(huì)修補(bǔ)東西嗎？考：除此之外，你們認(rèn)為它還可能有別的什么用處嗎？學(xué)4：讓我看看。這個(gè)東西最多三厘米長(zhǎng)，噢，它看起來像是用骨頭做的。我不知道他們是怎樣做成針眼的……學(xué)2：(插話)你是不是說他們自己做衣服穿？他們又是從哪里搞到衣料的呢？考：他們沒有像我們今天穿的這種衣料。你們能猜出他們用的是什么嗎？學(xué)1：哇！他們穿的衣服全都是用獸皮做的嗎？他們那些衣服是怎么做成的？我想獸皮剪裁并縫起來一定又厚又重啊。A：Ourevidencesuggeststhattheydidwearclothesmadefromanimalskinseq\o(○,\s\up1(31)).Wecontinuediscoveringeq\o(○,\s\up1(32))toolsthatweresharpenerseq\o(○,\s\up1(33))forothertools.Itseemsthattheyusedthesharpenedeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))stonetoolstocutupeq\o(○,\s\up1(35))animalsandremovetheirskin.Thensmallerscraperseq\o(○,\s\up1(36))wereprobablyusedtoremovethefatandmeatfromtheskin.Afterthattheywouldrubanampleeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))amountofeq\o(○,\s\up1(38))saltontotheskintomakeitsoft.Finally,theywouldcutitandsewthepiecestogether.Quiteadifficultandmessyeq\o(○,\s\up1(39))task!Nowlookatthis.(showsanecklace)S2：Why,it'saprimitiveeq\o(○,\s\up1(40))necklace.Didearlypeoplereallycareabouteq\o(○,\s\up1(41))theirappearancelikewedo?It'slovely!A：Yes,andsowellpreservedeq\o(○,\s\up1(42)).Whatdoyouthinkit'smadeof?S4：Letmesee.Oh,Ithinksomeofthebeadseq\o(○,\s\up1(43))aremadeofanimalbonesbutothersaremadeofshells.A：Howcleveryouare!Oneboneisactuallyananimaltoothandtheshellsarefromtheseaside.Canyouidentifyeq\o(○,\s\up1(44))anyotherbones？eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))didwearclothesmadefromanimalskins中，did強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞wear，表示“的確穿著”，過去分詞短語madefromanimalskins作后置定語，修飾clothes。eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))continuedoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事；持續(xù)做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))sharpener/'?ɑ?p?n?/n.磨具；削具eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))sharpen/'?ɑ?p?n/vi.&vt.(使)鋒利；尖銳；清晰eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))cutup切碎cutdown砍倒；縮減eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))scraper/'skreIp?/n.刮刀；刮削器scrape/skreIp/vt.擦凈；削平；磨光eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))ample/'?mpl/adj.足夠的；充足的；富裕的ample表示很多，根本不用發(fā)愁；enough表示夠用。eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))anampleamountof許多，大量，修飾不可數(shù)名詞。eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))messy/'mesI/adj.凌亂的；臟的eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))primitive/'prImItIv/adj.原始的；遠(yuǎn)古的；簡(jiǎn)陋的eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))careabout在乎；介意；關(guān)心carefor照料；想要；喜歡eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))preservevt.保存；保護(hù)；維護(hù)eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))bead/bi?d/n.小珠子；滴eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))identify/aI'dentIfaI/vt.確認(rèn)；識(shí)別；鑒別identify...as...確認(rèn)……是……考：我們有證據(jù)表明，他們的確穿的是用獸皮制作的衣服。我們不斷發(fā)現(xiàn)一些磨削其他工具用的工具。看樣子他們用磨尖的石器來切割野獸并剝皮，可能再用小一些的刮子把皮上的脂肪和肉去掉。然后，他們可能在獸皮上邊擦上大量的鹽，使皮變?nèi)彳洝Ｗ詈筮M(jìn)行剪裁，縫起來就成了。確實(shí)是既難又臟的活！現(xiàn)在來看看這個(gè)吧。(指著一串項(xiàng)鏈)學(xué)2：哎呀！這是一條原始的項(xiàng)鏈吧。早期人類也像我們現(xiàn)在一樣講究外貌嗎？太漂亮了！考：是的。還保存得很好呢。你們看看是用什么做的？學(xué)4：我看看。噢，我想有些珠子是用獸骨做的，但是其他的是用貝殼做的?？迹耗阏媛斆?！有塊骨頭實(shí)際上是野獸的牙齒，貝殼是從海邊撿來的。你們認(rèn)得別的骨頭嗎？S1：Thisonelooksverymuchlikeafishbone.Isthatreasonable?A：Yes,indeed,asthebotanicaleq\o(○,\s\up1(45))analyseseq\o(○,\s\up1(46))haveshownuseq\o(○,\s\up1(47))，allthefieldsaroundhereusedtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(48))bepartofalargeshallowlake.Probablytherewerefishinit.S3：Butalakeisnotthesea.Wearemilesfromthesea,sohowdidtheseashellseq\o(○,\s\up1(49))gethere?A：Perhapstherewastradebetweenearlypeoplesortheytravelledtotheseasideontheirjourneys.Weknowthattheymovedaround,followingtheherdsofanimalseq\o(○,\s\up1(50)).Theydidn'tgrowtheirowncrops,butpickedeq\o(○,\s\up1(51))fruitwhenitripenedeq\o(○,\s\up1(52))andhuntedanimals.That'swhyeq\o(○,\s\up1(53))theyarecalledhuntersandgatherers.Now,whydon'twegoandvisitthecaveseq\o(○,\s\up1(54))？,eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))botanical/b?'t?nIkl/adj.植物學(xué)的；與植物學(xué)有關(guān)的botany/'b?t?nI/n.植物學(xué)eq\o(○,\s\up1(46))analysis/?'n?l?sIs/n.(pl.analyses)分析analysevt.分析eq\o(○,\s\up1(47))as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，as指代后面整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容。eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))usedtodo過去常常做否定形式可以用usedn'ttodo,也可以用didn'tusetodo。eq\o(○,\s\up1(49))seashell/'si??el/n.海貝殼eq\o(○,\s\up1(50))現(xiàn)在分詞短語followingtheherdsofanimals作movedaround的伴隨狀語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(51))pickvt.挑選；采；摘；剔除eq\o(○,\s\up1(52))ripen/'raIp?n/vt.&vi.使……成熟；成熟eq\o(○,\s\up1(53))That'swhy...意為“這就是為什么……”，why引導(dǎo)表語從句，why從句表示結(jié)果，原因在前面已經(jīng)說明。eq\o(○,\s\up1(54))Whydon'twedo...？＝Whynotdo...？用來提出建議。學(xué)1：這根很像魚骨頭，對(duì)嗎？考：很對(duì)，正如植物學(xué)的分析結(jié)果告訴我們的一樣，這四周曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)很大的淺水湖的一部分。當(dāng)時(shí)可能湖里是有魚的。學(xué)3：不過，湖并不是海呀。我們離海還遠(yuǎn)著呢。那么，貝殼又是怎么來的呢？考：早期人類之間也許有貿(mào)易來往，或者他們也可能旅行到海邊去。我們知道，他們跟著獸群四處走。他們并不種植谷物，而是在野果熟了的時(shí)候采摘它們并捕殺野獸來充饑。這就是他們被稱為獵人和采摘者的緣故。好了，咱們現(xiàn)在去參觀洞穴好嗎？Pre-readingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．a(chǎn)lternativeA．tostopsomeonefromcontinuingwhattheyaresayingordoingbysuddenlyspeakingtothem2．starvation B．thequalityofbeingcorrectortrue3．tentativeC．somethingyoucanchoosetodooruseinsteadofsomethingelse4．a(chǎn)ccuracy D．sufferingordeathcausedbylackoffood5．interruptE．tomakesomethinghaveasharperedgeorpoint6．a(chǎn)ssumeF．notdefiniteorcertain,andmaybechangedlater7．a(chǎn)mpleG．morethanenough8．sharpenH．tothinkthatsomethingistrue,althoughyoudonothavedefiniteproof9．a(chǎn)nalysisI．torecognizesb./sth.andbeabletosaywhoorwhattheyare10．identifyJ．thedetailedstudyorexaminationofsth.答案：1～5CDFBA6～10HGEJILead-inLookatthefollowingpicturesandfillintheblanks.1．DoyouknowaboutZhoukoudian?Whatisitfamousfor?Yes,itisfamousforPeking_Man.2．Guess:Wheredidtheylive?Howdidtheykeepwarm?Whatclothesdidtheywear?Theymightlivein_the_caves,_make_firestokeepwarmandwearanimal_skins_or_leaves.While-readingFast-reading(Ⅰ)Readtheconversationandmatchthethreetopicswithwhatthearchaeologisttalkedabout.1．Topic1A．Whatcanwelearnfromanecklace?2．Topic2 B．Lifeinthecave.3．Topic3C．Whatcanwelearnfromaneedle?答案：1～3BCA(Ⅱ)What'sthemainideaofthetext?Themainideaofthetextisaboutthe_life_and_habits_of_our_earliest_people_in_the_Zhoukoudian_caves.Careful-reading(Ⅰ)True(T)orFalse(F)．1．Earlypeopleusedblanketstokeepthemwarm.__F__2．Thearchaeologistshavefoundthebonesoftigersandbearsinthecaves.__T__3．Earlypeopleusedanimalskinsandfiberstomaketheirclothes.__F__4．Theearlypeopledidn'tgrowtheirowncrops.__T__(Ⅱ)Readthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．Wheredothecaveslie?A．Intheforest. B．Ontheseaside.C．Atthefootofthehill. D．Higherupthehill.2．Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderabouthowearlypeoplemadeclothes?a．cleanthefatandmeatfromtheskinb．cutupanimalsc．rubsaltontotheskind．removetheskine．sewthepiecestogetherA．b－d－c－a－e B．b－d－a－c－eC．b－a－d－c－e D．b－a－c－d－e3．Whichofthefollowingshowsustheearliestpeopleandthemodernpeoplehavesomethingincommon?A．Peoplehunganimalskinstokeepoutthecold.B．Peoplenevergrewtheirowncrops.C．Peopleusescience.D．Peoplecareabouttheirappearance.4．Throughtheconversation,everythingofthefollowingaboutourearliestpeopleismentionedEXCEPT________.A．homes B．toolsC．dress D．entertainment5．Fromtheconversationwecaninferthattheearliestpeopleinthecaveswerevery________.A．busyandrichB．idleandlazyC．cleverandhard-workingD．stupidandcruel答案：1～5DBDDCStudy-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．ItisagreatpleasuretomeetyoustudentsfromEngland,whoareinterestedinarchaeology.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]很高興見到你們這些來自英國(guó)并且對(duì)考古學(xué)感興趣的學(xué)生。2．Youmustbeawarethatit'sherethatwefoundevidenceofsomeoftheearliestpeoplewholivedinthispartoftheworld.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]你們想必都很清楚，正是在這個(gè)地方，我們找到了居住在世界上這個(gè)地區(qū)的最早人類的證據(jù)。3．Wehavebeenexcavatinglayersofashalmostsixmetresthick,whichsuggeststhattheymighthavekeptthefireburningallwinter.[句式分析][嘗試翻譯]我們一直在挖掘一層層的積灰，幾乎有六米厚。這意味著他們可能整個(gè)冬天都在燒火。Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAnewcourseonworldheritageanditsconservationoffersagoodopportunityfortheyoungpeopletolearnaboutthelegacy(遺產(chǎn))ofhumanityandgainasenseofresponsibilitytohelpprotecttheplanetweliveon.AccordingtoaworldheritageeducationprogrammejointlylaunchedbytheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)andChina'sMinistryofEducation,thecoursewillfirstbeofferedatseveralschoolsinBeijingbeforebeingincludedasamandatorycourse(必修課)forhighschoolstudentsnationwide.Thenewcoursecoversphotos,slideshowsanddocumentariesonthemagnificenceoftheworldheritagesites.Theclassaimstotellchildrenwhatworldheritageisandwhyandhowitshouldbeprotected.Atotalof177nations,includingChina,havesignedtheConventionConcerningtheProtectionofWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritage.Listedare754sitesallovertheworld,ofwhich29areinChina—thethirdmostafterSpainandItaly.Currently,protectionofthecountry'sculturalandnaturalresourcesleavesmuchtobedesired.Educationisundoubtedlythebestwaytocultivatepeople'ssenseforprotectingculturalandnaturalresources.TheintroductionofsuchaprogrammeinChineseclassroomswillcertainlyhelpouryoungpeoplerealizethesignificanceofcommonheritage,learningaboutworldheritagesites,thehistoryandtraditionsofdifferentcultures,ecology,andtheimportanceofprotectingbiologicalandculturaldiversity.Moreimportantly,itwillhelpcultivateasenseofresponsibilityinthemindsofyoungparticipants.Thisiscriticalinprotectingtheseculturalandnaturallegacies,aswellasourlivingenvironmentandthelimitedresourcesforsustainabledevelopment.語篇解讀：將遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)納入課堂學(xué)習(xí)，旨在幫助孩子們學(xué)習(xí)和了解有關(guān)遺產(chǎn)的信息及讓孩子知道如何保護(hù)遺產(chǎn)。1．WhichofthestatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．TheworldheritageeducationprogrammewasjointlylaunchedbytheUnitedStatesandChina'sMinistryofEducation.B．ThecoursewillfirstbeofferedatalltheschoolsinBeijing.C．Protectionofthecountry'sculturalandnaturalresourceshasbeenperfectthankstopeople'sefforts.D．Chinarankshighamongthecountrieswith29siteslistedonthelist.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Listedare754sitesallovertheworld,ofwhich29areinChina—thethirdmostafterSpainandItaly.”可知D項(xiàng)正確。2．Whatcanyouexpecttolearnattheclass?A．Whatworldheritageis.B．Whyweshouldprotectheritage.C．Howworldheritageshouldbeprotected.D．Alloftheabove.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theclassaimstotellchildrenwhatworldheritageisandwhyandhowitshouldbeprotected.”可知課堂設(shè)置的目的是告訴孩子們世界遺產(chǎn)是什么，為什么要保護(hù)遺產(chǎn)以及如何保護(hù)遺產(chǎn)，故選D項(xiàng)。3．Theunderlinedword“cultivate”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．distribute B．exploitC．develop D．improvise解析：選C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文這種課程能幫助孩子意識(shí)到保護(hù)遺產(chǎn)的重要性可知，此處指的是教育無疑是最好的培養(yǎng)孩子遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)意識(shí)的最好的方式，故選C項(xiàng)。4．What'sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toinformusofthereasonforprotectingtheheritage.B．Totellusthewaytoprotecttheheritage.C．Totellusanewcourse.D．Totellusheritagepreservationstartswitheducation.解析：選D寫作意圖題。本文主要介紹了在教學(xué)中加入遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)的課程，寫作的目的是告訴我們遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)從教育開始，故選D項(xiàng)。BScientistsrecentlydiscoveredthatpicturesoncavewallsatCreswellCragsaretheoldestknowninGreatBritain.Buttheydidn'tfindoutintheusualway.Archaeologistsoftendatecaveartwithaprocesscalledradiocarbondating.Thetechniquecanmeasuretheageofcarbonfoundincharcoal(木炭)drawingsorpaintedpictures.Carbonisanelementfoundinmanythings,includingcharcoalandevenpeople.Butinthiscase,therewasnopaintorcharcoaltotest.Peoplecarvedthepicturesofanimalsandfiguresintotherockusingstonetools.Thescientistshadan“aha！”momentwhentheynoticedsmallrocksstucktothetopofthedrawings.Thesmallrocksmusthaveformedafterthedrawingsweremade.“Itisraretobeabletoscientificallydaterockart，”saidAlistairPike,anarchaeologicalscientistatBritain'sUniversityofBristol.“Wewereveryfortunatethatsomeofthemwerecoveredbystalagmites(石筍)．”Whenatestprovedthatthestalagmitesformed12,800yearsago,thescientistsknewtheartunder-neaththemhadtobeatleastthatold.Andsomeoftheanimalsshown,liketheEuropeanbison,arenowextinct—anothertip-offthattheartisquiteold.TheartistscametoCreswellCrags.ThisplaceisoneofthefarthestpointsnorthreachedbyourancientancestorsduringtheIceAge.Atthattime,muchoftheNorthSeawasdry,sopeoplecouldmoveaboutmoreeasily.Sometoolsandbonesfoundthereare13,000to15,000yearsold.Theyshowthatthetravellershuntedhorses,reindeer,andarctichare.TheirartworkissimilartoartinFranceandGermany.IttellsscientiststhattheCreswellCragsartistsmusthavehadacloseconnectiontothepeopleseveralthousandkilometresaway—anotherimportantcluetounderstandinghowhumansspreadoutacrosstheworld.eq\x(語篇解讀：科學(xué)家們最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了英國(guó)最古老的壁畫，并試圖推測(cè)它們的年代、主題等。)5．Whydoscientistssaytheartisquiteold?A．Theanimalscarvedinthestonearestrange.B．Theartwascarvedintostonewithstonetools.C．Thecaveisoneofthefarthestpointsintheworld.D．Somepictureswerecoveredbystalagmitesmorethan10,000yearsold.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三、四段可知，一些畫表面覆蓋著的石筍已有12800年的歷史，據(jù)此科學(xué)家推測(cè)出此畫非常古老。6．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Carbonisarareelement.B．Todaterockartinscientificmethodsisnotverydifficult.C．SomeanimalsshownonthecavewallsatCreswellCragshavediedout.D．DuringtheIceAge,itwasmoredifficultforpeopletotravelaroundbylandthanbysea.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段第二句可知，巖石壁畫里的某些動(dòng)物，如歐洲野牛已經(jīng)滅絕，所以C項(xiàng)正確。7．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．CaveartinBritainB．CaveartfoundinanunusualwayC．CaveartprovedtobeBritain'soldestD．Caveartaboutanimalsismostbeautiful解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述了已知的英國(guó)最古老的壁畫，內(nèi)容包括年代的推測(cè)，壁畫的主題、特點(diǎn)及其意義等，所以選C項(xiàng)。CEarlierthisweek,23robotsfromallovertheworldcompetedinPomona,California,fora$2millionprizeintheDARPARoboticsChallenge(挑戰(zhàn)賽).Teamshavebeenworkingontheserobotsforthreeyears—theirchallengewastomakearobotthatcanhelpafteranearthquakeorothernaturaldisasters.Therulesaresimple—eachrobothasonehourtoscoreeightpointsfordifferenttasks,whichincludedrivingacar,oropeningadoor.Everyteamhaspeopleinaseparategarage,sittingaroundbigscreensandcontrollingtheirownrobots.AcrossthegaragestandsCarnegieMellon'sbrightredrobot,CHIMP.“Ithasarmsandhandsbutitmovesaroundonthesetracks，”saidTonyStentz,teamleaderofteamTartanRescue.“CHIMPcangofromuprighttoall-foursinjustafewseconds.Weighinginat440pounds,CHIMPseemscertaintowininthecompetition，”hesaid.Duringtheearlydrive,CHIMPalmostwentintothebarricade(障礙物).Itwasslowgettingoutofthecar,butonceitmadeitout,andopenedthedoor,itdroppedtothegroundinthedoorway.Foralltheotherteams,afallmeansthathumanshavetostepinandgettherobotbackonitsfeet.Butaboutfiveminuteslater,CHIMPgotbackupwithoutanyhelp.Theteamdidn'tgetanypointsforthatmove,butrecoveringfromafallwouldcomeinprettyhandyinadisasterarea.AndCHIMPstillcompletedallthetasksinunderanhour.“Whatabang-upjob！”TonyStentzsaidashereceivedhandshakesandhigh-fivesfromthecrowd.ThoughCHIMPwasclearlythewinneronthefirstdayofthefinals,itranintolotsoftroubleontheseconddayandendedupcominginthirdplaceoverall.TeamKAIST,fromSouthKorea,tookthe$2millionprize;Florida-basedTeamIHMCRoboticscameinsecondandwon$1million.“Aftertwodays,hopefullywe'reallastepclosertomakinghumanssaferafterdisasters，”addedTonyStentz.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了在美國(guó)舉辦的DARPA機(jī)器人挑戰(zhàn)賽。)8．AccordingtoParagraph1,theserobots________.A．a(chǎn)reworth$2millionintotalB．a(chǎn)refrom23differentcountriesC．a(chǎn)reabletothinkforthemselvesD．a(chǎn)reexpectedtodoseveralpiecesofwork解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“eachrobothasonehourtoscoreeightpointsfordifferenttasks”可知，D項(xiàng)說法正確。9．Duringthecompetition,CHIMP________.A．keptmovingonallfoursB．felldownsuddenlyC．scoredeightpointsD．beatTeamKAIST解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“itdroppedtotheground”可知，CHIMP在下車時(shí)突然摔倒在地，故選B項(xiàng)。10．Theunderlinedword“bang-up”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”．A．good B．easyC．boring D．dangerous解析：選A詞義猜測(cè)題。由該段中的“recoveringfromafall”和“CH