七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第二單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳細(xì)總結(jié)譯林版

7BUnit2知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Comicstrip1.I'mafraidtheywon'twelcomevisitorslikeyou.恐怕他們不會(huì)歡迎像你這樣的客人。I'mafraid譯為“恐怕”，是一種口語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣，通常不用he'safraid,she'safraid.例：I'mafraiditisgoingtoraintomorrow.恐怕明天要下雨了。補(bǔ)充：beafraidofsth害怕某物我害怕蛇I'mafraidso.我恐怕是這樣的。I‘mafraidnot.我恐怕不是這樣的。Ithinkso.我如此認(rèn)為。Idon'tthinkso.我不這樣認(rèn)為。beafraidofdoingsthbeafraidtodosth表示“怕…..”之意CanIhavedinnerwithyou?我能與你共進(jìn)晚餐嗎？Sorry,I'mafraidnot.這里的意思是：對(duì)不起，不能visitor派生詞由visit演變職業(yè)cashiercleanerdancerdriverengineerfarmermanagerofficerpainterplayerreportersingershopkeeperteacherwaiterwaitressworkerwriteractressactordoctordentistastronaut（宇航員）artisthostpilotpolicemanpostmanmodelcooknurse2.like介詞：像looklike/belike動(dòng)詞：喜歡likedoingsth3.Mostofthemhave14floors.大多數(shù)樓有14層。most的用法表示“數(shù)量上最多，最大”，為many或much的最高級(jí)。例：Shehadthemostmoneyofallofthem.在這些人中，她最有錢。mostof+the/this/these/that/those/物主代詞+名詞，指某一范圍內(nèi)的多數(shù)。（名詞前面一定要有修飾詞）例：MostofthestudentscomefromChina.mostofmybooksmostof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+V復(fù)mostof+不可數(shù)名詞+V單④most與mostof的區(qū)別1most+名詞表泛指，無(wú)范圍如：mostyoungpeoplemostof+名詞指某一范圍的多數(shù)mostof+人稱代詞，of不能少如：mostofthem兩者有時(shí)可互換：Mostteachersinthisschoolarewomen.=Mostoftheteachersinthisschoolarewomen.3It’sgoodtoliveinaneighbourhoodlikethat.住在那樣的居民區(qū)里真好。It+is+形容詞+todosth句式，是“做某事是……的”。表示對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是…..的：Itis+形容詞+forsb+todosth如果形容詞說(shuō)明人的品質(zhì)、性格特征，則用：Itis+形容詞+ofsb+todosthReadingTheyarekindandhelpful.他們友好而且樂于助人。helpful(adj.)樂于助人，有幫助的helphelpfulcarecarefulThere'ssomethingwrongwithmycomputer.我的電腦壞了。◎there'ssomethingwrongwithsth=sthisnotworkingwell=sthisbroken意為“某物失靈”◎something復(fù)合不定代詞，類似有anything，nothing，everything,somebody,nobody,everybody等。Something多用于肯定句中，否定句或疑問(wèn)句中常用anything做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式?！蛐稳菰~，動(dòng)詞不定式，else等詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)，要后置如：nothinginteresting沒什么有趣的anythingelse其他任何東西There'snothingnewintoday'snewspaper.I'mgoingtoaskacomputerengineertocheckit.我打算叫一個(gè)電腦工程是來(lái)檢查一下?！騛sksbtodosth要求/請(qǐng)求某人做某事asksbnottodosth要求/請(qǐng)求某人不做某事◎ask(sb)forhelp（向某人）請(qǐng)求幫助例：Youcanask110forhelpwhenyouhavetrouble.◎ask(sb)forsth（向某人）要求得到某物例：Don'taskyourparentstoomuchmoneytobuysnacks.◎asksbaboutsth詢問(wèn)某人關(guān)于某事例：Sheasksmesomequestionsaboutanimals.MycousinAnnie'sbicycleisbroken,soshe'sgoingtoasksomeonetofixit.◎broken形容詞“壞的，破的，折了，斷了”例：Theglassisbroken,whobrokeit？玻璃壞了，誰(shuí)弄碎的？◎breakbrokebroken打破，打斷，，弄壞例：Don'tbreaktheeggs,theyareforyou.◎fixSomecollegestudentsarereadytohelp.一些大學(xué)生很樂于幫忙。collegestudents大學(xué)生gotocollege上大學(xué)bereadytodosth樂意/準(zhǔn)備干某事=bewillingtodosth例：Oneofmyclassmatesisalwaysreadytohelpotherstudents.我的一個(gè)同班同學(xué)一直很樂于幫助其他同學(xué)。Someofthemoftenvisittheoldpeopleanddosomeshoppingforthem.他們中一些人經(jīng)常拜訪這些老人并幫他們買些東西。visit參觀，拜訪visitor游客例：參觀長(zhǎng)城visittheGreatWall來(lái)自日本的許多游客AlotofvisitorsfromJapandosomeshopping意為“買些東西，購(gòu)物”“do+some+ving”短語(yǔ)表示一些籠統(tǒng)而不明指的事例：dosomecleaning做些打掃dosomereading讀些東西dosomewashing洗些東西You'reluckytoliveinaneighbourhoodlikethat,Simon.你住在一個(gè)像那樣的社區(qū)真的很幸運(yùn)，西蒙。lucky（adj.）luck(n.)luckily(adv.)beluckytodosth意為“很幸運(yùn)做某事”例：Luckily_(luck),Icouldgetthelasttickettotheconcert.②goodlucktosbwithsth祝某人某事好運(yùn)8Theyhelpuswithallkindsofproblems.他們幫助我們解決各種各樣的問(wèn)題。helpsbwithsth幫助某人解決某種困難幫助某人做某事helpsbdosthwiththehelpof…在…的幫助下Grammar一般將來(lái)時(shí)（SimpleFutureTense）1.定義：表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況2.三種結(jié)構(gòu)：(1).will動(dòng)詞原型+ (2).shall動(dòng)詞原形+ (3).begoingto動(dòng)詞原形+ Hewillplaycardswithhisbrotherthisevening.Ishallmeetmyfriendsintheparktomorrow.SheisgoingtovisitherunclenextMonday.3.否定句和疑問(wèn)句否定句：will/shall+not+do(won't/shan't+do)am/is/are+not+goingto+do疑問(wèn)句：Will/Shall+主語(yǔ)+do;Am/Is/Are+主語(yǔ)+goingtodo①Schoolwillbeoverintwohours.→Schoolwillnotbeoverintwohours.→Willschoolbeoverintwohours?Weshalltakeabustoschoolnextweek.→Shallwetakeabustoschoolnextweek?②Thepolicemenaregoingtocatchthethiefthisafternoon.→Thepolicemenaren'tgoingtocatchthethiefthisafternoon.→Arethepolicemengoingtocatchthethiefthisafternoon?4.常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由tomorrow組成的，如：tomorrowmorning/evening明天早晨、晚上thedayaftertomorrow后天由next組成的，如：nextTuesday/Sunday下周二/日由this組成的，如：thisafternoon/evening今天下午/晚上D.由thecoming組成的，如：thecomingSunday下個(gè)星期天這些表時(shí)間的單詞或短語(yǔ)的前面都不能加介詞E.由in組成的，如：intwohours在2小時(shí)內(nèi)，inafewdays在幾天內(nèi)inthefuture在未來(lái)5.幾點(diǎn)注意：shall和will還可以表示征求對(duì)方意見或詢問(wèn)情況ShallIopenthewindow?Willyougoshoppingwithmetonight?Willyouplease…?表示客氣地請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng)，意思是“請(qǐng)您……好嗎？”Willyoupleaseclosethedoor?It'ssocoldoutside.therebe句型的將來(lái)時(shí)Therewillbe+名詞/therebegoingtobe+名詞Therewillbeasportsmeetinginmyschool.=Thereisgoingtobeasportsmeetinginmyschool.Therewillbethreefootballmatchesnextweek.=Therearegoingtobethreefootballmatchesnextweek.Theyaregoingtobringsomewater.BringTakeCarryHowaboutyouruncle？Howabout=whataboutdoingsth向?qū)Ψ皆儐?wèn)、介紹、打聽情況3Heisgoingtomakeafire.Fire火可數(shù)名詞makeafire生火putoutafire滅火Integratedskills1.Whatareyougoingtobeinthefuture?你將來(lái)想干什么？§inthefuture,“將來(lái)”用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)，指較長(zhǎng)的將來(lái)一段時(shí)間例：Whatwilllifebelikeinthefuture?未來(lái)的生活會(huì)是什么樣子呢？I'dliketobeteacherinthefuture?將來(lái)我想當(dāng)一名教師。I'msureyou'llbegoodatit.我確定你將會(huì)做好它的。besuretodosth肯定做某事Wearesuretowin.我們肯定會(huì)贏。besure+that從句Wearesurehewillcometohelpus.sure(adv.)意為“當(dāng)然可以”=certainly例：MayIuseyourbike?Sure./Certainly.Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.soundlike聽起來(lái)像sound作連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“聽起來(lái)”其后一般接形容詞作表語(yǔ)例：Themusicsoundsbeautiful.音樂聽起來(lái)很美Iwanttohelpsickpeople.我想要幫助病人。①病的=illbesick=beill例：Jackdidn'tcometoschool,becausehewassick/ill.②惡心的例：Pleaseopenthewindow.Ifeelalittlesick.③besickof……厭倦……，膩煩……例：Iamsickofreadingthesamebookeveryday.注意：sick可以修飾名詞，如：asickboy一個(gè)生病的男孩，但ill不可作定語(yǔ)5job與workWork與job做名詞是同義詞，都有“工作、職業(yè)”意思區(qū)別：job是可數(shù)名詞，指特定工作。Work是不可數(shù)名詞，泛指工作。上班翻譯成gotowork不能說(shuō)gotoajobJob只能做名詞，work還可做動(dòng)詞，不僅有“上班、工作”意思，還有“努力、從事”意思。6elder與olderelder為形容詞older的比較級(jí)形式，意為“年長(zhǎng)的”，同時(shí)old還有一個(gè)比較級(jí)older。注意二者的區(qū)別。older通常用于比較兩個(gè)人的年齡大小或者兩個(gè)物體之間的新舊程度。elder專用于同一個(gè)家庭成員之間的年幼對(duì)比，也有時(shí)指職位、身份較高的人，且只能用于形容人。7by+交通方式表示交通方式的幾種表達(dá)（1）用“by+交通工具名詞”表示交通方式bycarbybusby+交通路線的位置bywaterbyseabyairin/on+冠詞/形容詞性物主代詞/指示代詞+交通工具名詞in多用于car等交通工具之前，on多用在bike/horse/bus/train/ship等交通工具之前（4）take+a/the+交通工具名詞TaskDoyouhaveanyproblems?你們有困難嗎？補(bǔ)充：haveproblemswithsth例：Doyouhaveproblemswithyourhomework?haveproblemsindoingsth例：Doyouhaveproblemsindoingyourhomework?Pleaselookattheinformationbelow.請(qǐng)看一下信息。◎information不可數(shù)名詞同義詞news但news是新聞，消息的意思，主要強(qiáng)調(diào)“新”短語(yǔ)：apieceofinformation//twopiecesofinformation例：JustsearchtheInternet,andyoucangetalmostallthe_____A____youneed.A.informationsB.informationC.pictureD.story◎below(prep.)在……下面,(adv.)下面反義詞 above例句：Thetemperatureisgoingtobebelowzerotomorrow.Thereisabridgebelowthewaterfall.在瀑布下游有一座橋。Lookatthesightsdownbelow.看下面的景色。()Incoldwinter,thetemperatureinHarbinoftenremains_B____zeroallday.AaboveBbelowCoverDunderAreyounotfeelingwellthesedays?這些天你感到不舒服嗎？◎Feelwell指身體感覺舒服，沒有毛病，這里well是形容詞，“身體好的，健康的”反義詞組feelsick,fee