小升初英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)總結(jié)

小升初英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)總結(jié)小升初英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)總結(jié)小升初英語語法復(fù)習(xí)資料小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié)一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives]Leaf——leaves5．不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I_________him_________this___________her______watch_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________book_______dress________tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____peach______sandwich______dish_______bus_______man______woman_______二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1.be動(dòng)詞：主語be(am,is,are)其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語行為動(dòng)詞(其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語?！綨o.2】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語benot其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be主語其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.非凡疑問句：疑問詞一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語don't(doesn't)動(dòng)詞原形(其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)主語動(dòng)詞原形其它。如：Doyouoftenplayfootball?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.動(dòng)詞s的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink________go_______stay________make________look_________have_______pass_______carry____come________watch______plant_______fly________study_______brush________do_________teach_______wash_______二、用括號內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.______they________(like)theWorldCup?What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?_______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike_______(like)cooking.They_______(have)thesamehobby.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be動(dòng)詞ing.3．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的非凡疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意be主語動(dòng)詞ing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意be動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．假如末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________write_________ski___________read________have_________sing________dance_________put_________see________buy_________love____________live_______take_________come________get_________stop_________sit________begin________shop___________用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.What_____you______(do)now?Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.四、將來時(shí)理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或預(yù)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①begoingtodo；②willdo.三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won’t。例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicafternoon.同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.我們將要學(xué)習(xí)英語We_____________________learnEnglish.We________learnEnglish.一般過去時(shí)1．一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2．Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：⑴am和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（werenot=weren’t）3．句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子否定句：didn’t動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1．一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：work__-worked,cook-cooked2．結(jié)尾是e加d，如：live____lived3．末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-sat過去時(shí)練習(xí)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式is\am_________plant________are________drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance________worry________ask_____taste_________eat__________put______kick_________pass_______do________一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I_______atschooljustnow.He________atthecamplastweek.We________studentstwoyearsago.They________onthefarmamomentago.YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.There________anappleontheplateyesterday.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening.Ⅰ用時(shí)態(tài)適當(dāng)形式填空.一、用動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空I________(do)myhomeworkeveryevening.We_______(fly)kitesintheparkonSundays.Mymother________(clean)ourroomonSundays.Tom_______(play)thepianoeverySaturday.Nowhe______(play).She_______(like)swimming.She______(swim)thisweekend.Usuallymymother_______(wash)thedishesafterlunch.Butmygrandma_______(wash)today.Lookattheman!He______(read)amagazine.Look!Theplane________(fly)overthebuilding.Listen!Myaunt________(sing)intheroom.Sheisasinger.She_____(like)singing.She_______(have)amusicshow.Sheisexcited.TomandMikealways______(swim)intheriver.They_____(swim)intheswimmingpoolthisSunday.Look!They______(swim).What______youusually______(do)intheevening?I_______(play)computergames.What_______you_______(do)now?I_______(make)apaperplane.What_______he_______(do)?He______(dance).What_______she______(do)yesterday?She______(visit)hergrandparents.六、人稱代詞和物主代詞主格主格Iitwe賓格youthem形容詞性hisyour名詞性hers習(xí)題一.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I )_________ismybrother._________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)5.Thisis____(my)book.____(your)isinthebag.6.Theclassroomis(our).7.Arethesewatches____(her)?No.____(her)watchesareathome.8.Theyaren’t____(his)teapots.Theyare____(their).9.Thebigmirroris(his).10.Thatisnot____(my)comb.It’s____(her).11.Isthiscalculator_____(your)?12.Thishairdryerisn’tmysister’s.It’s_____(my).二、根據(jù)中文提示，用代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Thereisanewdressfor________他的)sister.( 2.Thisis_____我的()wallet._________(我的)isred.________(誰的)calculatorsarethese?_______他們)are______( 我們的( ).Give_______（她）atoy,please.________(你們的)eyesareblack._______（你們）comefromJapan.TimandBillaretwins._______（他們）arefromEngland.Show_____（他們）around______(我們的)school.Givethebookto__________(我).Thesebooksare__________(他的).__________(他的)booksarenew.七、形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則1．一般情況下，比較級在后面加-er，最高級在后面加-est；如：small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortest2．在重讀閉音節(jié)（即：輔音＋元音＋輔音）中，先雙寫末尾的輔音字母，比較級加-er，最高級加-est；如：big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottest3．以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞，比較在原級后加-r，最高級在原級后加-st；如：large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicest4．以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，把y改為i，比較級加-er，最高級加-est；如：easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviest5．多數(shù)多音節(jié)詞，比較級在前面加more，最高級在前面加most；如：beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautifuldifferent→moredifferent→mostdifferent6．有少數(shù)形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級是不規(guī)則的，必須熟記。如：good→better→bestbad→worse→worstold→elder→eldestmany/much→more→mostlittle→less→leastfar→further/farther→furthest/farthesr一，寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級old__________young________tall_______long________short________strong________big________small_______fat_________thin__________heavy______light________nice_________good_________beautiful__________________low__________high_________slow_______fast________late__________early_________far_________well_______二．翻譯句子：1、誰比Jim年紀(jì)大？是你。________is_________thanJim？________are誰比David更強(qiáng)壯？是GaoShan._________________thanDavid?GaoShan________.誰的鉛筆更長，他的還是她的？我想是她的。_________pencilis_________,______or________？________is,Ithink.誰的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。_________apples________________,your_______oryour_______?My_______________________.你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎？是的。_________________as_________asyouruncle?Yes,Iam.他和他的朋友Jim一樣年輕。He_______as__________as________________Jim.她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎？不，她比他瘦。________________as_________as______twin_______?No,__________________thanhim.8.YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLing________to_______________thanSuYangeveryday.9.我跳得和Mike一樣遠(yuǎn)。I_________as_______asMike.10.Tom比你跑得快嗎？不是的,他和我跑得一樣快。____Tom__________thanyou?No,he_______.He_____as_____as_____.11.多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，你會(huì)更強(qiáng)壯。________moreexercise,you’ll_________________soon.12.我的科學(xué)很好，但是語文不好。I______________atScience.ButIdon’t_________wellinChinese.13.你放風(fēng)箏比王兵放得高嗎？不，我比他放得低。____you_______thekite_____thanWangbing?No,I______it_____than___.14.我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。Ilike_______.Allmy____________________thanme.15.我的姐姐起得比我早。My__________up_____thanme.16.女孩比男孩唱得好嗎？是的。____thegirls__________________theboys?Yes,they____.17.她不擅長體育。但我跳得沒有她高。Shedoesn’t_________inPE.ButIdon’t___________than_____.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同學(xué)好嗎？不，他們踢得和我一樣好。___you____football_____thanyourclassmates?No,they____as____asme.19．我母親比我父親年紀(jì)小。My________________thanmy______.20.她的毛衣和我的一樣重。_____sweater_____as_______as_____.21.我的連衣裙太短了。我想買一條大點(diǎn)的。Mydress_____too_____.Iwantto_____a______one.22.I'mtallerthanMike.該成用原級的比較( )I'm_________as________asMike.八，介詞分為時(shí)間介詞.地點(diǎn)位置方向介詞.方式介詞.原因介詞和其他介詞1.表示地點(diǎn)位置的介詞1)at,in,on,to，forat(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在……附近，旁邊”in(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在…范圍之內(nèi)”。on表示毗鄰，接壤，“在……上面”。to表示在……范圍外，不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否接壤;或“到……”2)above,over,on在……上above指在……上方,不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否垂直，與below相對;over指垂直的上方,與under相對,但over與物體有一定的空間，不直接接觸。on表示某物體上面并與之接觸。Thebirdisflyingabovemyhead.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Heputhiswatchonthedesk.3)below,under在……下面under表示在…正下方below表示在……下，不一定在正下方Thereisacatunderthetable.Pleasewriteyournamebelowtheline.4)infront[frant]of,inthefrontof在……前面infrontof…意思是“在……前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，兩者互不包括;其反義詞是behind(在……的后面)。Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.(房子前面有些花卉。)inthefrontof意思是“在…..的前部”，即甲物在乙物的內(nèi)部.反義詞是atthebackof…(在……范圍內(nèi)的后部)。Thereisablackboardinthefrontofourclassroom.Ourteacherstandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.5)beside，behindbeside表示在……旁邊behind表示在……后面2.表示時(shí)間的介詞1)in,on，at在……時(shí)in表示較長時(shí)間，如世紀(jì)、朝代、時(shí)代、年、季節(jié)、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。如inthe20thcentury,inthe1950s,in1989,insummer,inJanuary,inthemorning,inone’slife,inone’sthirties等。on表示具體某一天及其早、中、晚。如onMay1st,onMonday,onNewYear’sDay,onacoldnightinJanuary,onafinemorning,onSundayafternoon等。at表示某一時(shí)刻或較短暫的時(shí)間，或泛指圣誕節(jié)，復(fù)活節(jié)等。如at3:20,atthistimeofyear,atthebeginningof,attheendof…,attheof…,atChristmas，atnight,atnoon,atthismoment等。注意：在last,next,this,that,some,every等詞之前一律不用介詞。如：Wemeeteveryday.2)in,after在……之后“in+段時(shí)間”表示將來的一段時(shí)間以后;“after+段時(shí)間”表示過去的一段時(shí)間以后;“after+將來點(diǎn)時(shí)間”表示將來的某一時(shí)刻以后。用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空ThemanblueisJack’sfather.Who’thegirlsmallmouth?Youshouldn’twalkthegrass.Look,Nancyissittingherfatherandmother.Youmuststayawaythehouse.Now,Iknowalotinsects.Mylittlebrotheralwayshasalotquestions.We’reveryhappyschool.Keepthegrass,please.JimisinRow4.IsithimLet’shurry,we’relatetheclass.LiuTaoispassingtheballDavid.Who’sthewomantheredscarf?Ourclassroomistheteachers’officeLookthepicture.Whoisthegirlthemanandthewoman.Canyoureadthenumberoneten?Gothestreet,turnrightatthefirstcrossing.Whatcanyouseethetree?SomepeachesMrWangisill.He’shome九．我們都知道感嘆句是用來表達(dá)較為強(qiáng)烈的情感如驚訝、喜悅等的句子。英語中的感嘆句常用What或How來引導(dǎo)，它們與所修飾的詞位于句首，其他部分用陳述句語序，句型有：1．What+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語+其他成分！例如:Whatastrongboyheis!他是多么壯的一個(gè)小伙子啊！WhatanhonestgirlMaryis!瑪麗是一個(gè)多么誠實(shí)的小女孩??！2．What+adj.+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語+其他成分！例如:Whatbravesoldierstheyare這些士兵們真勇敢?。? Whatfineweatheritistoday!今天的天氣真不錯(cuò)??！1．How+adj.+a/an+名詞+主語+謂語+其他成分！例如:Howexcitingafootballmatchitis!多么振奮人心的一場球賽?。owkindanoldmanheis!他是一位多么善良的老人?。?．How+adj./adv.+主語+謂語+其他成分！例如:HowtallYaoMingis!姚明真高??！Howfastthedragonflyflies!蜻蜓飛得真快?。∵€有補(bǔ)充的是：1．感嘆句在表達(dá)清楚的情況下，可