江蘇省泰州市2020年中考英語試題（原卷版）

中小學(xué)教學(xué)參考資料教學(xué)設(shè)計教育論文隨堂檢測泰州市二〇二〇年初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試題注意事項：1．本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。2．所有試題的答案均填寫在答題卡上答案寫在試卷上無效。第一部分選擇題一、單項選擇從下列每題所給的選項中，選擇一個最佳答案。1.It’s________pitythatmanywildanimalsarenowindanger.Pleasehave________pityonthemsincetheyarepartofourbigfamily.A.a;/ B.a;a C./;a D./;/2.—Whoisatthedoor?—Adeliveryman(快遞員)or________wantingtosellhisnewproducts.A.everybody B.anybody C.somebody D.nobody3.—Wehaveenteredaworldwhererobotoperationsbecometruewith5Gtechnology.—Hardtobelieve!Scientistsarefullof________whichleadstogreatchangesinourlife.A.attraction B.invention C.position D.contribution4.It’sa________ideatobuildcabinhospitals(方艙醫(yī)院)toreceivepatientsduringtheoutbreakofCOVID-19(新冠肺炎).A.cheerful B.classical C.creative D.curious5.—SongofAutumnbyLiuYuxidescribesautumninadifferentway.—Iagree.Mostpoets(詩人)describethisseasonto________afeelingofsadness,butinLiu’seyesautumnisfulloflifeandhope.A.excuse B.express C.expect D.explain6.—Andypracticedhardestamongusandhewonfirstprizeinthecompetition.—Adreamcan’tcometrue________hardwork.A.by B.across C.over D.without7.Thispairoftrousers________smoothbecausetheyaremadeofChinesesilk.A.feels B.feel C.isfelt D.arefelt8.Moreandmoreteenagershavepooreyesight,soparentsandteachersshouldtakeactions________thesituationfromgettingworse.A.stop B.stopping C.stopped D.tostop9.Someprimaryandsecondaryschools________wintersportstotheircoursessinceBeijingwontherighttohostthe2022WinterOlympicGames.A.added B.willadd C.haveadded D.wereadding10.Iwillvolunteerforatwo-dayhomestayforanexchangestudentfromtheUK.IconsideritagoodchancetoshowChinesefood________ourkindness.A.aswellas B.sowellas C.asgoodas D.sogoodas11.Fatheristootiredtoday.Don’tcallhim________itisnecessary.A.if B.unless C.when D.whether12.Sandyseldomgoesoutatweekendsbecausereading________mostofherfreetime.A.takesup B.takeson C.takesoff D.takesout13.—InChinamanystudentsfeelstressedbecauseoftoomuchhomework.—Don’tworry.Ourgovernmenthasrealizedthisproblem.I’msurethere________begoodnewsforthemsoon.A.can B.must C.should D.need14.—Whynotgooutfordinner?Mytreatthistime.—________.ButI’mbusypreparingforaninterview.A.Notatall B.Inyourdreams C.Soundsgreat D.Don’tmentionit15.—IheardNBAstarKobeBryant’sprivatehelicopter(直升機)crashed.Iwonder________.—Alltheninepeoplediedincludinghis13-year-olddaughter,Gianna.A.wheretheaccidenthappened B.thathisdaughterdiedtooC.whatwastheweatherlikethatday D.iftherewereanysurvivorsintheaccident二、完形填空閱讀短文，從每題所給選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Oneday,a7-year-oldboyheldadollarcoininhishandandaskedtheshopownersalongthestreet,“Excuseme,doyousellGod?”Alltheday,thestubborn(倔強的)boywentinandoutofmanystores,askingthe____16____question,buteachtimehewas____17____.Then,atthesixty-ninthstore,a60-year-oldgrandpa____18____andaskedthelittleboy“WhydoyouwanttobuyGod?”Theboytoldhimthathisparentshaddiedwhenhewasstillababyandhisunclewasnow____19____him.Butseveraldaysbefore,hisunclefelloffstairsandwasunconscious(昏迷)inhospital.ThedoctortoldtheboythatonlyGodcouldsavehisuncle.“Howmuchdoyouhave?”theoldmanasked.“Onedollar,”____20____thechild.“Myboy,God’spriceis____21____onedollar,”saidtheoldmanThenthestorekeepertookabottleof“God”fromtheshelf.“____22____it,boy!Whenyouruncledrinksit,hewillgetwellsoon.”Thelittleboy____23____tothehospitalandshoutedhappilytohisuncle,“Uncle,IboughtGodbackandyouwillgetwellsoon.”Thenextday,amedicalteam____24____theworld’stopmedicalexperts(專家)cametothehospital.The____25____wasverysuccessful.Whenthelittleboy’sunclesawthelargemedicalbillhealmostpassedout.____26____,thehospitaltoldhimthebillhadalreadybeenpaidbyarichelderlyman.Thelittleboy’sunclewenttothe____27____tothanktheoldman.Buthewasawayonholiday,____28____aletter.“Youdon’tneedtothankme.Thebillhasbeenpaidbyyournephew(侄子).Tosaveyou,hebroughta____29____andwentintoeverystoretobuyGod.ThankGod,____30____wastheonethatsavedyou!”16.A.silly B.same C.serious D.strange17.A.pitied B.stopped C.supported D.refused18.A.agreed B.smiled C.silenced D.complained19.A.raising B.serving C.protecting D.controlling20.A.repeated B.replied C.reminded D.require21.A.exactly B.really C.hardly D.truly22A.Buy B.Get C.Take D.Accept23.A.moved B.jogged C.rushed D.jumped24.A.madeof B.madefrom C.madeup D.madeupof25.A.story B.patient C.medicine D.operation26.A.Instead B.Otherwise C.However D.Anyway27.A.store B.hospital C.company D.street28.A.writing B.posting C.leaving D.answering29.A.card B.bill C.letter D.dollar30.A.I B.he C.God D.thestorekeeper三、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。AWelcometotheSummerPalaceOpeninghours:Apr.1—Oct.3l:6:30—18:00;Insidegardens:8:30—17:00Nov.1—Mar.31:7:00—17:00;Insidegardens:9:00—16:00TicketPrice:Adultage18+￥30Child:age6—18￥15◆Freeforchildrenunder120cm(3.9feet),orbelow6yearsold.◆Theelderlyover60enjoyhalfprice.(TicketpricesofDeheGarden,TowerofBuddhistIncense,WenchangHall,SuzhouStreetandDanningHallarenotincluded)Onlinebooking:1.Theticketsaresold7daysinadvance(提前)2.YourPassportorIDinformationisrequired,andonepersoncanbookonlyoneticketperday.3.Oneadultcouldonlybookonechildticket.ImportantNotice:☆DuringCOVID-19EpidemicControlPeriod:1.Thereal-timelocal“HealthCode”willbecheckedbeforeentering.2.Bodytemperalureover37.3℃orcoughingandshortofbreath,visitorsarenotallowedtoenter.3.Wearmasksduringthevisitandkeepdistancewithothers.Formoreinformation,youcanvisit:/summer-palace-tickets-booking.htm31.OnNationalDay,visitorscanentertheSummerPalaceat________.A.6:00am B.8:00am C.9:00pm D.anytime32.Howmuchwilla70-year-oldladypayatleasttovisittheSummerPalace?A.￥15 B.￥30 C.￥45 D.None33.Howmuchwillayoungcouplewitha4-year-oldchildpayatleasttovisittheSummerPalace?A.￥30. B.￥45 C.￥60 D.￥7534.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Oneadultcouldonlybookonechildticket.B.OneshouldpayextramoneytovisitDanningHall.C.PassportorIDinformationisneededwhenbookingticketsonline.D.AmanwithahighfevercanentertheSummerPalacewithamask.35.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Astorybook B.Anewsreport C.Asciencefiction. D.AtravelguideBOnceuponatime,akingdressedupandwenttoalocalvillage.Heplacedalargestoneinthemiddleofthemainroadandhidgoldcoinsunderthestone.Thenhehidbehindahugetreeandwatched.Thefirstpersondownthestreetwasamilkmanwithhiscar(小車).Hecrashedintothestoneandthemilkspreadallovertheground.“Whatfoolputthisstonehere?“heshouted.Hepickedhimselfupandangrilywentaway.Afterawhile,agroupofwomencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead.Onewomantrippedover(絆倒)thestoneandherwaterpotwentcrashingtotheground.Shepickedherselfupandwalkedawayintears.Neithershenorherfriendsthoughtaboutmovingthestoneoutoftheroad.Thekingwatchedalldayasmanypeoplecomplainedaboutthestone,buthefoundnobodywaswillingtomoveit.Thekingwondered,“Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighborsfromharm?”Justthen,thekingsawayounggirlcomingalong.Shewasthedaughterofalocalfarmer.Shehadbeenworkingalldayandwasverytired.Butwhenshesawthestone,shesaidtoherself.“Thisstoneisadangertoanyonewhocomesdowntheroadafterdark.I’llmoveitoutoftheway.”Afteragreatdealofeffort,thegirlfinallysucceededinmovingthestonetothesideoftheroad.Imaginehersurprisewhenshesawthegoldcoinswherethestonehadbeen!Justthen,thekingsteppedoutfrombehindthetree.“Ohsir,”thegirlsaid,“Isthisgoldyours?Ifnot,wesurelymustfindtheowner,forhewillcertainlymissit.”Thekingsaid,“Mydear,thegoldismine,butnowthegoldisyours,becauseyouaretheonlypersonwhohaslearntthelessonIwanttoteachmypeople.Nothinggoodcancometoanationwhosepeopleonlycomplainandexpectotherstosolvetheirproblems.”36.Howdidthemilkmanfeelwhenhecrashedintothestone?A.Angry. B.Sad. C.Curious. D.Worried.37.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“responsibility”inParagraph(段落)4?A.欲望 B.興趣 C.責(zé)任 D.能力38.Whydidthekingplaceastoneontheroad?A.Hewantedtogivethegirlareward. B.HewantedtohidegoldcoinsunderitC.Hewantedtoplayatrickonhispeople. D.Hewantedtoseeifanyonewouldmoveit.39.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Allthepeoplecomplainedaboutthestone.B.Itwasnoteasyforthegirltomovethestone.C.Oneofthewomeninthegrouptriedtomovethestone.D.Thegirlwasexcitedwhenseeingthegoldcoinsunderthestone.40.What’sthebesttitle(標(biāo)題)ofthepassage?A.Awiseking B.AkindgirlC.Astoneontheroad D.GoldcoinsunderthestoneCAsusual,Amberwashurryingtocatchtheyellowschoolbus.Luckilythetrafficlightsturnedgreenasshewastocrosstheroad,soshemadeit.Whenthebuspassedthegoldenarches(拱形門)ofMcDonald’s,theyremindedherofahamburger.Shehadn’thadbreakfastthatmorningbecausethefruitsaladonthebluedishdidn’tlookdeliciousatall.However,Amberrememberedthatshewasstillonadiet.Sonowshewasreallyinablackmood.YoumayhavenoticedthatseveralcolorswereusedintheabovestorysoastohelpdescribeAmber’smorning.Infact,colorsinfluenceyourlifemorethanyoucaneverimagine.Takelanguageforexample:Youmaydescribeasickpersonasbeing“abitgreen”.Todescribeadepressed(沮喪的)person,yousaythatthepersonis“feelingblue”.Inshort,colorsdoaddinteresttodailyconversations.Besides,colorscanbeusedinmanypartsofyourdailylife.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhymanyschoolbusesandtaxisarepaintedyellow,andstopsignsred?Sinceyellowisthemosteye-catchingcolor,itcancatchpeople’sattention,especiallyinheavytraffic.Asforred,itisthecolorwhichusuallyshowswarning,asaresult,sometrafficsignsusethiscolor.Forthesamereason,hot-watertapsareusuallymarkedred.Thecolorsofadiningenvironmentpossiblydecidehowmuchyoueat.Mostfast-foodrestaurantsareoftendecoratedinbrightcolorssuchasred,yellow,orange,andwhiteforthepurposeofincreasingpeople’sappetites(胃口).Thisisbecausebrightcolorsarenaturalcolorsfoundinmanyfoods,and,therefore,abletoraisepeople’sspirits.Blue,incomparisonwithbrightcolors,issaidtolowerpeople’sappetitesbecausefewfoodsareblueinnature.Forthosewhoareonadiet,bluedishesandbowlsmighthelp!“Morning,Amber!Whathappened?Youlookabitgreen,”saidViolet,Amber’sbestfriend.“Nothing…justfeeling…blue,”saidAmber.“Hey!Cometomyplacetonight.DoyouknowwhatIjustbought?AWii!It’sred-hot.”AmberwastickledpinktohavethechancetoplaywiththeWiiandsaid,“Soundsgreat!”41.Accordingtothepassage,ifyouareonadiet,________mighthelp.A.puttingyourfoodinabluedishorbowlBturningonayellowlightduringthemealC.paintingthewallsofthediningtablewithanorangeclothD.coveringthediningtablewithanorangecloth42Mostschoolbusesarepaintedyellowbecause________.A.ittellsotherdriverstopreparetostop B.ithelpsbusdriversstayinagoodmoodC.itcaneasilycatchotherpeople’sattention D.itisthecolorthatmostschool43.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.AmberlookedillwhenVioletsawherfirst.B.Amberateupallherfruitsaladinthemorning.C.AmberrefusedtogotoViolet’shouseintheend.D.Amberdidn’tcatchtheschoolbusandwaslateforschool.44.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Colorsinfluencepeople’sdailylives.B.Mostfast-foodrestaurantsarepaintedgrey.C.Differentcolorsareusedfordifferentpurposes.D.Colorsmakedailyconversationsmoreinteresting.45.Whatcanweinfer(推斷)fromthepassage?A.Amberwasnotfatatall.B.AmbercheeredupatViolet’sinvitationatlast.C.Violetdidn’tknowhowcolorsinfluencedourlives.D.ArchesofMcDonald’sarepaintedgoldonlytomakethembeautiful.第二部分非選擇題四、閱讀表達閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Payingforbusrideswithplasticusuallymakespeoplethinkofplasticbuscards.ButoneIndonesiancityhasdecidedtoacceptplasticrecyclablewasteinplaceofmoneyforcitybuses.Surabaya,Indonesia’ssecondlargestcity.locatedontheeasternendofthecountry’smainislandJava,made:thisdecisioninApril2018.Now,localscanpayfortheirbusridesbyputtingplasticcupsorbottlesdirectlyonthebus.Atwo-hourbusridecosts10plasticcupsor5bottles.Indonesiaisthesecondlargestoceanplasticpolluter,producingupto2.4milliontonsofplasticwasteintotheoceanseveryyearaccordingtoareport.OnlyinSurabayanearly400tonsofplasticwasteisproducedeveryday.TheheadofSurabaya’stransportationdepartment(交通部門)said,“Withthisdecision,wehopetoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironment,especiallypeople’sawarenessaboutplasticwaste.”Eachcitybuscancollectupto550poundsofplasticbottlesandcupseverydayThecollectedbottlesaresoldtorecyclingcompaniesandthemoneyearnedfromitgoestowardrunningthebuscompaniesandprovidingmoneyforgreenspacesinthecity.Thisiscertainlyturningrubbishintoanationaltreasure.Thedecisionispartofthecityspurposetobecomeplasticwaste-freeby2020.Inordertoencouragelocalpeopletotakebuses,thecityalsoaddedthenewSuroboyobuses.Thenewbusesareair-conditioned,comfortableandeasyforelderlyanddisabledpassengerstogetonandoff.Theprogramiswellreceived.PeopleinSurabayasaid,“Wecanreducewastesoitdoesn’tpileupathomebecausewecanjustbringitinandmakegooduseofit.Itisawin-winsituation.”Thistypeofprogramcanbeamodelforothercitiesworldwideandencouragecitizenstorecycletheirplasticwaste.回答下面5個問題，每題答案不超過六個詞。46.Insteadofmoney,whatcanlocalsinSurabayapayforbusridesnow?____________________________________________________________________________________47.Howmuchplasticwastedoesatwo-hourbusridecost?___________________________________________________________________________________48.HowmuchplasticwasteisproducedinSurabayaeveryday?____________________________________________________________________________________49.Whatisthepurposeofthenewprogram?___________________________________________________________________________________50.Whatdolocalpeoplethinkofthenewprogram?__________________________________________________________________________________五、任務(wù)型閱讀閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，每個空格只填一個單詞。Noisyneighborsareacommonprobleminasocietywheremanypeoplelivecloselytogether.Andthiscanbemostimportantwhenyousharewalls,floorsorceilingswithneighborsinaflat.Anoisyneighborcanmakelifechallenging,especiallyifnoisegoeswellintonight,orhappensduringearlymorninghours.Thissituationneedstobedealtwithproperly,whichrequiresyourabilitytokeepcalm.Youshouldfirsttrytotellyournoisyneighborsaboutthenoise.Thisconversationshouldbepolite,evenfriendly.Itcanbeginwithastatementlike.“Iamnotsureyouareaware”.Explaintheprobleminanhonestway,andasktheneighbortoturndownthemusic,ornottoholdpartiesuntil3a.m.Youcanalsoaddthatyourealizetheyhearyournoisetoo,andyouarecertainlywillingtotrytostopanythinginyourbehaviorthatiscreatingextranoise.Youshouldknowthatnotallneighborsaregoingtofollowyourrequirement,andsomemayactinabadmanner.Ifthenoisyneighborsdon’tchangetheirbehavior,thenextstepshouldbetowritetheneighborsaletter.Thelettershouldshowyourgrievances(不滿)andthedateswhenthenoisewasquiteterrible.Forexample,ifyourneighborhasloudgatheringseveryFridaynightthatlastintotheearlymorningthenwritedownthosedates.Whenthenoiseremainsgoingon,youshouldreportittolocalauthorities(權(quán)力部門),oreventhepolicedepartment,whenitisreallynecessary.Often,however,theproblemissolvedwhenthenoisyneighborknowsyouaregoingtocallthepolice.Dobeawarethatyoucannotalwaysrequirenoisyneighborstobequiet.Whenthenoiseremainsgoingon,itiswisenottodealwithitinanangryorretaliatory(報復(fù)性的)fashion.Ifyouhavecompletedthestepsandletter,don’tstarthittingwallsorfloorsaroundinyourhomeorturningupthemusictomakeyourneighborsangry.Justhavepatienceandrememberthatcommunicationisthemostimportant.IntroductionAnoisyneighbormakeslifechallenging,buttheproblemneedstobedealtwith_____51_____._____52__________53_____withyourneighborStarttheconversationwithpoliteness.Explaintheproblem_____54_____,andasktheneighbortoreducenoise.Admit(承認(rèn))thatyoumakenoisetoo,andpromisenotto_____55_____yourneighboranymore.WritinglettersSomeneighborswon’t_____56_____yourrequirementorchangetheirbehavior.Showyourgrievancesandthe_____57_____whenthenoisewasquiteterrible.ReportingtolocalauthoritiesIfthenoise_____58_____,youshouldreportittolocalauthoritieswhenreallynecessary.Usually,theproblemwillbe_____59_____whenthenoisyneighborknowsyouwillcallthepolice.ConclusionDon’tdealwiththeprobleminanangryorretaliatoryfashion.Keep_____60_____andtrytotalkwithyourneighbors.六、詞匯運用根據(jù)括號內(nèi)漢語提示填詞，或用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。A.根據(jù)句意和漢語提示在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~（每空限一詞）。61.Allofuswillrememberthis________(星期二),becausewewillfinishourjuniorschoollifetomorrow.62.Mother’scookingskillswillnotonlysatisfyour________(胃)butalsoourspirit63.Astranger________(主動提出)togiveherarideonthestreet,butsherefusedpolitely.64.Thehotelprovidesdeliciousfoodandcomfortablerooms,butstillsomecustomerscomplainaboutits________(服務(wù)).65.China’sfightagainstCOVID-19givestheworld________(寶貴的)experience.B.用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（每空限一詞）。66.Rubbish________(separate)intogroupsinmanyothercitiesnow,followingthepracticeinShanghai.67.—Couldyoutellmewhatthesignmeans?—Keepdistanceinpublicplacestoavoid________(catch)avirus.68.Ihavebecomemuch________(fat)afterthehighschoolentrancePEexam.SoIdecidetoloseweightinthecomingholiday.69.ZhengShuangis________(high)praisednotforheractingskillsbutforheractiveroleinsocialevents.70.—Mum,couldItakeoffmymasktoday?It’salittlehot.—Well,I’mafraidwe________(wear)masksforsomemoretime.七、短文填空根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，補全空格內(nèi)單詞，使短文完整、通順（請在答題卡上寫出完整單詞）。Sometimeswefallinlovewithsomethingatonceandsometimesittakeslong.Thesameistruewithpoems.Ifwewereluckye_____71_____,weopenabookandfindapoemthatattractsusatonce.Butusuallyweneedtospendalittlet_____72_____ormakealittleefforttotrulyunderstandapoem.TodayI’dliketotalkaboutreadingpoemsinwaysthatmaketheexperiencebetter.Readingapoemrepeatedlywilldeepenyourunderstandingofit.Sometimesapoemthatseemsb_____73_____onfirstreadingbecomesinterestingwithmorereading.Apoemthatfeelsmeaninglessbecomesdeeperandmoremeaningful.Andsometimesyou’rejustnotintherightmoodthefirsttimeyoureadapoem,butl_____74_____ittouchesyourheart.Keepad_____75_____athandwhenyouarereadingpoems.Poetsliketouseunusualwords.Insteadofskippingover(跳過)thesewordsortryingtog____76____theirmeanings,lookthemup.Readaloudandlistentothepoem.Readingaloudwillmakethepoem’srhythmclear.Besides,apoet’sreadingisveryhelpfulb_____77_____wecanunderstandthepoem’smeaningsfromwherethepoetplacesemphasis(強調(diào))orpauses(停頓).Afteryoufinishreadingapoem,takeafewmomentstoconsiderw_____78_____itissaying.Sometimesitsmeaningsarebetterunderstoodt_____79_____repeatedreading.Othertimestheyneedourcarefulanddeepthoughtonapoem.Itish_____80_____tosaywhetherthere’sarightorwrongwaytoreadpoems,butreadingpracticeswillenrichyourexperience,increaseyourenjoyment,anddeepenyourunderstandingofanypoem.八、書面表達81.假定你是李華，三年的初中生活就要結(jié)束了你和好友Mike分別在即，請你根據(jù)以下要點提示，用英語給Mike留言：1.回憶你倆之間一段難忘的經(jīng)歷（如互相幫助、互相鼓勵或一起參加某項活動等），并談?wù)勀愕母惺埽?.你對Mike今后學(xué)習(xí)或生活方面的建議；3.你對Mike的祝福和期待。要求：1.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；2.不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名、地名等相關(guān)信息；3.詞數(shù)100左右。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearMike,Howtimeflies!It’stimetosaygoodbye.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,Lihua

2020年北京市高級中等學(xué)校招生考試語文試卷考生須知：1.本試卷共12頁，共五道大題，24道小題，滿分100分?？荚嚂r間150分鐘。2.在試卷和草稿紙上準(zhǔn)確填寫姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號和座位號。3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。4.在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5.考試結(jié)束，將本試卷、答題卡和草稿紙一并交回。一、基礎(chǔ)·運用（共14分）2020年“中國水周”的主題是“堅持節(jié)水優(yōu)先，建設(shè)幸福河湖”。學(xué)校組織同學(xué)們參與“中國水周”的宣傳，準(zhǔn)備舉辦“京華水韻”展覽。請你完成下列任務(wù)。1.同學(xué)們準(zhǔn)備從書法作品中搜集單字組成展板標(biāo)題，對于“水”字的選擇產(chǎn)生了爭議。請你依據(jù)“字體一致，和諧美觀”的原則，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?。（）A. B. C. D.2.一位同學(xué)負(fù)責(zé)擬寫并講解前言。請閱讀這段文字，完成各題?！按汉淙账纤{，天影樓臺上下涵。十里青山行畫里，雙飛白烏似江南?！泵鞔鷷嫾椅尼缑髟谠娭猩鷦拥孛枥L了北京的湖光山色【甲】據(jù)考證，古都北京既有海淀、南海子等眾多水泊濕地，也有無數(shù)水井和泉池；既有寬闊繁忙的運河水道，也有難以計數(shù)的古橋閘口。你也許會想北京是否有過這般“似江南”的水鄉(xiāng)澤國之景【乙】讓我們開啟一段時光之旅，尋訪京城水脈，感受京華水韻。（1）這位同學(xué)對文段中兩個加點字的意思和讀音，以及【甲】【乙】兩處的標(biāo)點產(chǎn)生了疑問。請你幫他選出判斷正確的一項。（）A.“行”在詩中是“流通”的意思，應(yīng)讀xíng。B.“泊”在此處是“湖”的意思，應(yīng)讀bó。C.【甲】處應(yīng)填入句號，表示陳述語氣D.【乙】處應(yīng)填入問號，表示疑問語氣。（2）為了向參觀者講解“澤國”的意思，這位同學(xué)查閱字典，找到“國”字的三個解釋：①國家：②國都，京城：③地域。請你幫他解釋“澤國”在此處的意思。3.展覽內(nèi)容分三個單元，同學(xué)們?yōu)檫@三個單元分別擬寫了標(biāo)題和引言。閱讀文段，完成各題。第一單元①，碧水潤京城古永定河的沖積與改道，為北京提供了肥沃的土地，留下了大量湖沼和豐富的地下水。戰(zhàn)國時期，薊運河水系就已開通水路運輸。元明清三朝，京杭大運河成為連接南北經(jīng)濟、保障京城物資輸送的交通大動脈。今天，潮白河水系承擔(dān)著為北京輸送生產(chǎn)生活用水的重任，是首都的生命線。在北京3000多年的建城史、800多年的建都史上，這些水系發(fā)揮了重要作用，滋養(yǎng)了古老的幽燕大地。第二單元②，生態(tài)治河湖北京是一座人口超兩千萬的特大型城市。為保障城市供水，管理者著力建構(gòu)多水源保障體系，并努力建設(shè)節(jié)水型社會。如今，南水北調(diào)工程已使上千萬人直接受益，北京也連續(xù)十七年保持“全國節(jié)水型城市”稱號。要保障水資源，也要改善水環(huán)境。用生態(tài)的辦法治理生態(tài)問題，讓許多河湖告別了“亞健康”，水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生物多樣性明顯提高。北京有信心打好這場碧水保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)，交出一份出色的答卷。第三單元人水相親，古都添畫意①生態(tài)補水后的永定河重新煥發(fā)青春，綠頭鴨、白天鵝逐水而來，給京城增添了勃勃生機。②經(jīng)過治理的大運河碧波蕩漾，人們可以觀賞白鷺在河面翩翩起舞，體會與自然和諧相處的美好。③遁入地下多年的轉(zhuǎn)河“重見天日”，河水清淺，弱柳扶風(fēng)，像一幅恢宏壯麗的畫卷，讓人們感到別樣的清新。④曾經(jīng)被填埋地下近半個世紀(jì)的玉河，如今穿街走巷，波光粼粼，宛如鬧市中的一條玉帶，成為人們休憩的好去處。（1）同學(xué)們就第一單元和第二單元標(biāo)題的擬定展開討論，你認(rèn)為下列選填詞語最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁検牵ǎ〢.①源遠(yuǎn)流長②開源節(jié)流B.①源源不斷②開源節(jié)流C.①源遠(yuǎn)流長②細(xì)水長流D.①源源不斷②細(xì)水長流（2）第三單元引言的四個句子都運用了修辭方法，你認(rèn)為其中修辭方法運用不恰當(dāng)?shù)囊痪涫牵ǎ〢.第①句B.第②句C.第③句D.第④句4.下面這段文字是為展覽擬寫的結(jié)語。根據(jù)語境，畫線的句子表達欠妥，請你幫助修改。①“堅持節(jié)水優(yōu)先，建設(shè)幸福河湖”，是2020年“中國水周”的主題，也是北京治水工作的重要內(nèi)容。②堅持節(jié)水優(yōu)先，并非簡單地限制用水，而是合理用水，高效用水。③治理河湖，也并非單純地治污補水，還包括用生態(tài)的方法解決生態(tài)問題，讓河湖成為人們的幸福源泉。④建設(shè)幸福河湖，滿足百姓美好生活愿景；節(jié)約用水，助力首都水資源保障。⑤請和我們一起節(jié)約用水，共繪幸福河湖畫卷，讓首都北京水韻綿長。5.通過籌辦“京華水韻”展覽，同學(xué)們對2020年“中國水周”的主題“堅持節(jié)水優(yōu)先，建設(shè)幸福河湖”有了真切的感受。請用“雖然……但是……”的句式，寫出你的感受?！敬鸢浮?.B2.（1）C（2）澤國：多水的地域3.（1）A（2）C4.節(jié)約用水，助力首都水資源保障：建設(shè)幸福河湖，滿足百姓美好生活愿景。5.示例1：堅持節(jié)水優(yōu)先雖然可能會帶來暫時的不便，但是從長遠(yuǎn)來看，建設(shè)幸福河湖更有利于可持續(xù)發(fā)展。示例2：雖然治理水環(huán)境仍然任重而道遠(yuǎn)，但是我相信通過大家的努力，碧水清韻的北京，一定會重現(xiàn)?！窘馕觥俊?題詳解】本題考查書法字體。書法字體，傳統(tǒng)講共有行書字體、草書字體、隸書字體、篆書字體和楷書字體五種。書法作品中的“京、華、韻”三個字，橫平豎直，規(guī)矩整齊，是楷體。這四個“水”分別是A.蠶頭雁尾應(yīng)為隸書、B.楷書、C.行書、D.草書。故本題選B。【2題詳解】（1）本題考查字詞讀音、釋義，標(biāo)點符號的用法。A.“十里青山行畫里”意思是在十里青山中，像在畫中行走一樣，“行”是“行走”的意思，解釋不正確，排除；B.“水泊濕地”中，“泊”是“湖”的意思，應(yīng)讀pō，讀音不正確，排除；C.“明代書畫家文徵明曾在詩中生動地描繪了北京的湖光山色”是陳述句，與前面的描寫是一個完整的句子，此處結(jié)束，故【甲】處應(yīng)填的是句號，正確；D.“你也許會想北京是否有過這般‘似江南’的水鄉(xiāng)澤國之景”，這是一句陳述句，因此句末【乙】處還是使用句號。選項不正確；故本題選C。（2）本題考查字詞釋義。水鄉(xiāng)澤國：這是一個并列式詞語，意思是大小湖泊、河川、渠道，密如蛛網(wǎng)的地域。再根據(jù)前文“水井泉池、運河水道、古橋閘口”可以判斷，這里的“國”的含義不在于國家（僅指北京地區(qū)），也不在于強調(diào)“首都”，而是指“多水的地域”因此，“國”的義項應(yīng)為③地域。澤國：多水的地域?！?題詳解】（1）本題考查標(biāo)題的擬定。源遠(yuǎn)流長：源頭很遠(yuǎn)，水流很長，比喻歷史悠久，根底深厚。從第一單元“戰(zhàn)國時期，薊運河水系就已開通水路運輸”“元明清三朝”“在北京3000多年的建城史、800多年的建都史上”等句子中，可以看出，水的歷史悠久，因此①處選“源遠(yuǎn)流長”符合內(nèi)容所寫；開源節(jié)流：開發(fā)水源，節(jié)制水流。比喻增加收入，節(jié)省開支。從第二單元“構(gòu)建多重保障體系，努力建設(shè)節(jié)水社會”可以看出，節(jié)約用水是這單元前半部分的主要內(nèi)容，因此②處應(yīng)填“開源節(jié)流”；故本題選A。

源源不斷：形容接連不斷、連綿不絕。多用于事物，不用于人。細(xì)水長流：“細(xì)水長流”比喻節(jié)約使用財物，使經(jīng)常不缺用。也比喻一點一滴不斷地做某件事，精細(xì)安排，長遠(yuǎn)打算。在此處只對應(yīng)材料中“節(jié)約”，略微片面。（2）本題考查修辭方法的辨析。③句中描寫遁入地下多年的轉(zhuǎn)河，“河水清淺，弱柳扶風(fēng)”與后面的比喻“像一幅恢宏壯麗的畫卷”不搭，特點不一致。因此本題選C?！?題詳解】本題考查上下文的連貫性、一致性銜接。從本題第①句“堅持節(jié)水優(yōu)先，建設(shè)幸福河湖”可知，節(jié)水應(yīng)該放在前面，幸福河湖放在后面，所以此句的順序要調(diào)整為：節(jié)約用水，助力首都水資源保障：建設(shè)幸福河湖，滿足百姓美好生活愿景?！?題詳解】本題考查例句仿寫。用“雖然……但是……”的句式，寫出感受。示例：雖然河水、湖水治理已經(jīng)初見成效，碧水藍天已經(jīng)隨處可見，但是任重而道遠(yuǎn)，水的治理仍然需要我們堅持不懈地繼續(xù)努力。二、古詩文閱讀（共17分）（一）默寫。（共4分）6.（1）其必曰“___________，后天下之樂而樂”乎?。ǚ吨傺汀对狸枠怯洝罚?）___________，陰陽割昏曉。（杜甫《望岳》（3）座右銘是用來激勵、警醒自己的格言。如果用兩句古詩作為你的座右銘，你選用的詩句是“_______，______”。（本試卷中出現(xiàn)的詩句除外。每句詩中允許有一個不會寫的字用拼音替代）【答案】(1).先天下之憂而憂(2).造化鐘神秀(3).千錘萬鑿出深山(4).烈火焚燒若等閑【解析】【詳解】詩詞默寫要求：一、不能添字，不能少字；二、字的筆畫要準(zhǔn)確。注意：造化、千錘萬鑿、焚燒。選擇座右銘詩句時，符合“激勵、警醒自己的格言”這個要求都可，注意不能是試卷中出現(xiàn)過的詩句。（二）（共5分）閱讀《己亥雜詩（其五）》，完成下面小題。己亥雜詩（其五）龔自珍浩蕩離愁白日斜，吟鞭東指即天涯。落紅不是無情物，化作春泥更護花。7.近代學(xué)者王國維在《人間詞話》中說“一切景語皆情語”。這首詩的前兩句，詩人寫到了______的自然之景，抒發(fā)了______之情。8.孟浩然《春曉》中“夜來風(fēng)雨聲，花落知多少”，與本詩“落紅不是無情物，化作春泥更護花”都寫到了落花。請簡要說明兩位詩人分別借“落花”表達了怎樣的情感。【答案】7.(1).白日西斜，廣闊天涯(2).離愁的無限感慨與豪放灑脫8.龔詩中“落花”本指脫離花枝的花，但是，并非沒有感情，而是即使化做春泥，也甘愿培育美麗的春花成長，不為獨香，而為護花，表現(xiàn)詩人雖然脫離官場，依然關(guān)心著國家的命運，不忘報國之志，以此來表達他至死仍牽掛國家的一腔熱情；充分表達詩人的壯懷。孟詩中“落花”則表達了詩人對春天落花的惋惜之情和春光流逝的淡淡哀愁。【解析】【7題詳解】本題考查詩詞中的意象。（1）首聯(lián)翻譯：浩浩蕩蕩的離別愁緒向著日落西斜的遠(yuǎn)處延伸，離開北京，馬鞭向東一揮，感覺就是人在天涯一般。這里抓住了“白日西斜”“天涯廣闊”的自然景象。（2）“浩蕩離愁白日斜”中“浩蕩離愁”直接點明了作者對離愁的無限感慨，“吟鞭東指即天涯”則通過“天涯”這個開闊的意象表現(xiàn)了豪放和灑脫?！?題詳解】本題考查詩歌主題。（1）龔自珍的詩。翻譯：我辭官歸鄉(xiāng)，有如從枝頭上掉下來的落花，但它卻不是無情之物，化成了春天的泥土，還能起著培育下一代的作用。這里采用了比喻的手法，作者自比為落花，落花從枝頭落下，化為肥料，滋養(yǎng)大地，為新花的成長做貢獻。作者雖然離開朝廷，但是依然關(guān)心國家的前途和命運，依然堅持對理想的追求，表現(xiàn)了一片拳拳愛國之情。（2）孟浩然的詩。翻譯：春天睡醒不覺天已大亮，到處是鳥兒清脆的叫聲?；叵胱蛞沟年囮囷L(fēng)雨聲，吹落了多少芳香的春花。第一聯(lián)從聽覺角度描寫了鳥兒清脆的鳴叫，營造了美好的、充滿生機的春天的氛圍，表達出對春天的喜愛之情，而第二聯(lián)則從視覺角度，運用聯(lián)想，寫春花被吹落到地的景象。寫出了對春花凋零的憐惜，作者喜愛春天，可是春天的花被吹落了，這是否意味著春天的逝去，故表達了對春天落花的惋惜之情和春光流逝的淡淡哀愁。（三）（共8分）閱讀《曹劌論戰(zhàn)》，完成下面小題。曹劌論戰(zhàn)《左傳》十年春，齊師伐我。公將戰(zhàn)，曹劌請見。其鄉(xiāng)人曰：“肉食者謀之，又何間焉？”劌曰：“肉食者鄙，未能遠(yuǎn)謀。”乃入見。問：“何以戰(zhàn)？”公曰：“衣食所安，弗敢專也，必以分人。”對曰：“小惠未遍，民弗從也?！惫唬骸盃奚癫?，弗敢加也，必以信?！睂υ唬骸靶⌒盼存?，神弗福也?！惫唬骸靶〈笾z，雖不能察，必以情。”對曰：“【甲】忠之屬也?？梢砸粦?zhàn)。戰(zhàn)則請從。”公與之乘，戰(zhàn)于長勺。公將鼓之。劌曰：“未可?！饼R人三鼓。劌曰：“可矣?！饼R師敗績。公將馳之。劌曰：“未可。”下視其轍，登軾而望之，曰：“可矣。”遂逐齊師。既克，公問其故。對曰：“夫戰(zhàn)，勇氣也。一鼓作氣，再而衰，三而竭。彼竭我盈，故克之。夫大國，難測也，懼有伏焉?！疽摇课嵋暺滢H亂，望其旗靡，故逐之?！?.下列選項中加點字的意思都