三峽大學(xué)水資源規(guī)劃與利用課程設(shè)計

三峽大學(xué)水資源規(guī)劃與利用課程設(shè)計水資源規(guī)劃與利用課程設(shè)計說明書姓名：學(xué)號：班級：學(xué)院:水利與環(huán)境學(xué)院指導(dǎo)老師:徐剛2014年6月20日枯三個典型年按P豐=15%，P平=50%，P枯=85%選定，豐水年為1980年，平水年為1977年，枯水年1995年。三個代表年的逐日流量成果如下。表1霧渡河一級電站壩址處p=15%（1980年）設(shè)計逐日平均流量(單位：m3/s)月、日1月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月10月11月12月10.700.620.831.580.905.912.4623.903.781.341.000.8920.700.560.801.320.872.319.6218.763.221.370.950.8530.690.570.891.140.851.265.7811.392.991.350.980.8040.690.541.060.970.720.9526.9357.883.021.611.010.7650.690.540.941.810.650.9812.5821.885.082.361.000.7660.650.541.102.780.6234.756.589.635.782.050.940.7870.650.521.191.831.747.894.426.059.131.571.030.7680.630.521.081.501.223.507.374.6111.971.420.910.7390.650.531.031.220.862.596.363.7813.241.830.840.74100.620.570.951.050.724.145.163.337.652.330.870.72110.600.590.921.030.703.164.493.265.272.780.810.72120.570.570.880.990.652.815.013.284.312.500.780.71130.570.570.880.950.622.015.002.593.582.120.780.69140.550.630.851.070.711.533.972.093.161.640.740.69150.540.590.870.940.661.233.001.932.881.640.800.71160.560.630.840.880.714.912.701.992.612.400.850.72170.560.630.810.800.7029.1017.471.912.371.890.790.72180.560.620.830.660.5915.3817.273.032.301.570.750.72190.560.680.810.590.7230.1350.412.852.181.430.770.70200.550.870.840.620.6716.1527.922.331.991.330.810.68210.560.731.980.610.537.1911.7532.311.831.340.780.72220.530.672.500.590.434.356.7622.412.021.790.790.75230.530.742.170.640.395.544.5812.382.491.520.800.69240.530.812.071.850.6168.553.6511.432.241.451.790.66250.520.811.852.400.9427.082.9516.831.851.301.280.66260.550.952.501.990.6210.872.939.231.721.150.990.63270.570.863.051.780.466.162.436.231.631.090.920.65280.660.762.871.390.354.402.0918.951.441.050.920.63290.720.762.281.240.243.471.9611.261.401.041.020.64300.651.851.010.283.275.686.781.401.030.930.58310.631.747.435.974.940.970.59表2霧渡河一級電站壩址處p=50%（1977年）設(shè)計逐日平均流量(單位：m3/s)月、日1月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月10月11月12月10.800.720.711.7121.901.931.476.851.040.684.640.8120.720.730.711.5013.341.371.234.181.190.672.370.8530.700.730.741.5145.941.001.362.741.190.551.770.8340.720.750.671.6529.310.961.302.120.890.491.460.7750.670.710.631.8916.800.751.312.010.909.471.400.7660.740.710.633.649.630.801.181.721.306.091.840.7270.680.720.6310.796.330.911.161.473.572.603.100.7180.770.600.5912.519.391.291.971.282.061.712.940.8290.770.570.587.328.561.331.071.321.541.342.210.78100.700.750.824.436.500.940.781.981.231.021.950.75110.770.761.522.994.930.7713.752.630.990.981.450.67120.710.821.792.513.880.606.822.440.960.911.170.73130.680.872.492.403.780.642.772.820.960.961.110.68140.640.851.553.993.981.161.732.351.000.881.090.75150.530.791.467.433.691.441.512.221.070.791.100.77160.630.761.815.572.901.192.321.851.280.851.080.83170.700.692.265.842.491.0548.741.520.980.771.180.77180.680.723.444.002.570.9822.071.251.260.961.140.76190.650.683.002.992.831.2919.351.150.990.890.950.78200.680.742.312.532.511.037.881.140.910.801.130.77210.680.571.752.182.270.854.060.990.860.741.070.80220.660.601.512.061.890.732.791.020.750.700.960.80230.650.631.563.331.840.692.101.280.740.640.800.86240.650.711.422.842.500.805.271.270.730.660.680.80250.700.691.212.242.570.8218.691.280.630.740.690.78260.670.681.133.491.900.8216.381.560.651.840.730.75270.630.751.019.631.571.3711.531.300.952.540.960.71280.600.711.108.091.401.337.931.651.002.840.890.73290.543.285.201.362.8716.381.370.754.980.680.77300.602.544.091.314.099.391.040.744.340.720.92310.772.201.448.560.9310.700.94表3霧渡河一級電站壩址處p=85%（1995年）設(shè)計逐日平均流量(單位：m3/s)月、日1月2月3月4月5月6月7月8月9月10月11月12月10.920.760.970.630.710.811.361.140.880.751.360.9220.900.770.970.590.741.851.290.860.891.161.290.8630.880.800.960.480.701.160.980.770.865.241.270.8140.900.750.900.470.590.940.903.980.962.661.250.8050.890.740.850.470.520.810.844.841.041.551.200.7960.880.760.830.470.571.120.794.221.021.251.170.7570.840.710.790.470.711.493.864.180.991.561.160.7480.770.690.740.470.630.8926.5115.500.931.611.140.7490.940.720.820.400.600.769.5615.820.911.321.120.74100.960.760.820.350.604.123.8422.971.401.170.870.74110.920.820.740.350.606.432.4230.281.521.100.760.74120.930.800.680.350.602.601.7825.061.201.040.760.74130.900.790.690.760.601.562.169.241.182.750.770.74140.860.730.690.890.603.041.496.111.136.580.960.74150.840.690.680.710.606.182.264.251.082.160.860.79160.860.710.690.690.602.694.573.071.081.430.890.99170.840.840.711.330.571.892.145.511.001.870.920.95180.820.980.691.120.491.331.477.090.885.200.930.85190.810.940.671.072.011.191.263.480.875.340.930.84200.790.950.600.872.401.361.172.350.8514.380.930.84210.910.950.550.831.252.631.072.510.815.820.930.84220.970.950.571.411.066.380.972.120.794.170.940.84230.930.930.582.100.783.130.831.940.755.570.920.84240.910.910.641.540.652.160.881.860.755.460.870.84250.910.911.181.200.602.100.891.750.753.470.870.82260.910.930.821.000.551.640.931.490.752.410.870.79270.880.970.740.890.511.290.901.210.802.150.850.72280.830.970.640.830.571.480.881.120.881.760.870.74290.840.550.801.151.160.801.140.761.450.870.66300.790.610.760.751.030.881.080.751.450.890.55310.740.630.842.140.861.570.56(3)該電站廠址水位～流量關(guān)系曲線已知。由實測1：1000的壩址地形圖，量取縱橫斷面資料，由曼寧公式計算，n值采用0.032～0.04。關(guān)系曲線如表4所示。表4霧渡河廠址水位～流量關(guān)系曲線水位(m)444.4445.0446.0447.0448.8449.0449.6流量(m3/s)0.0211.45106.20281.30528.00841.901061.40(4)水能計算參數(shù)①出力系數(shù)根據(jù)水輪機(jī)額定效率91%和發(fā)電機(jī)效率在97.5%的情況下，出力系數(shù)采用A=8.3。②設(shè)計凈水頭經(jīng)計算電站總水頭損失為5.5米，在正常蓄水位為546.0米，正常尾水位444.7米的情況下，則電站設(shè)計凈水頭為95.8米。③生態(tài)需水量根據(jù)《建設(shè)項目水資源論證導(dǎo)則（試行）》（SL/E322-2005）條文說明5.4.5的規(guī)定，生態(tài)需水量原則上按多年平均流量的10%～20%確定。本電站至下一級電站之間無特別重要的用水對象，故生態(tài)需水量按壩址多年平均流量2.61m3/s的10%計算，即發(fā)電流量為入庫流量扣除0.261m3/s。霧渡河鎮(zhèn)遠(yuǎn)景（2015年）人口為3191人，日用水量為558m3，折合日流量為0.0065m3/s，可滿足其需要。霧渡河鎮(zhèn)遠(yuǎn)景（2015年）人口為3191人，日用水量為558m3，折合日流量為0.0065m3/s，可滿足其需要。(5)徑流調(diào)節(jié)計算原則本工程為引水式電站，以豐、平、枯代表年的日流量為單位進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)計算，以每日的來水量下泄所需的生態(tài)水量后進(jìn)行徑流調(diào)節(jié)計算。(6)財務(wù)評價基本數(shù)據(jù)①資產(chǎn)情況：霧渡河一級水電站工程靜態(tài)總投資1872.00萬元，工程靜態(tài)投資的70%由銀行貸款，共1310.40萬元，自有資本金按靜態(tài)30%為561.60萬元。根據(jù)施工組織設(shè)計和投資計劃安排，工程建設(shè)期24個月，運(yùn)行期25年。電站工程計劃第一年完成靜態(tài)投資842.44萬元，除去資本金，尚需貸款280.84萬元。第二年完成余下投資1029.56萬元，資金全部靠貸款。貸款年利率6.84%。項目在建設(shè)期末，即達(dá)到設(shè)計生產(chǎn)能力。計算期時間基點(diǎn)選在建設(shè)期的第一年初。②電量情況：多年平均發(fā)電量取本課程設(shè)計的水能計算結(jié)果，水電站廠用電率取1.5%。③成本費(fèi)用情況：年運(yùn)行費(fèi)是指建設(shè)項目每年支出的運(yùn)行管理費(fèi)，包括工資、福利費(fèi)、水費(fèi)、修理費(fèi)及其他費(fèi)用，其中工資按電站定員人數(shù)乘年平均工資計算。電站定員16人，年平均工資按當(dāng)?shù)仉娬酒骄べY8000元計算，綜合折舊率3.5%提取折舊費(fèi)。④利稅情況：財務(wù)基準(zhǔn)收益率采用7%；社會折現(xiàn)率采用8%；增值稅的計稅基數(shù)為發(fā)電銷售收入，稅率17%，城市建設(shè)維護(hù)費(fèi)和教育費(fèi)附加分別取增值稅的1%和3%。所得稅率為33%。⑤貸款償還期為8年，上網(wǎng)電價為0.35元/kwh。3.設(shè)計步驟3.1日平均流量頻率計算根據(jù)水文年計算選定的豐，平，枯三個典型年的日平均流量，經(jīng)過整理平均流量數(shù)據(jù)，相關(guān)計算成果如表5所示。表5霧渡河典型年日平均分組流量頻率曲線計算表日平均流量分組下限(m3/s)日平均流量分組上限(m3/s)分組日流量平均值(m3/s)出現(xiàn)日數(shù)(d)累計出現(xiàn)日數(shù)(d)頻率(保證率)p(%)65.0070.0067.50110.09160.0065.0062.50010.09155.0060.0057.50120.18250.0055.0052.50130.27345.0050.0047.50250.45640.0045.0042.50050.45635.0040.0037.50050.45630.0035.0032.50490.82025.0030.0027.507161.45920.0025.0022.506222.00515.0020.0017.5014363.28210.0015.0012.5016524.7409.0010.009.5011635.7438.009.008.503666.0167.008.007.5010766.9286.007.006.5017938.4785.506.005.75111049.4805.005.505.251111510.4834.504.504.50912411.3044.004.504.251814212.9443.504.003.751615814.4033.003.503.252318116.5002.803.002.901619717.9582.602.802.701421119.2342.402.602.502623721.6042.202.402.302025723.4282.102.202.151527224.7952.002.102.051028225.7061.902.001.951329526.8921.851.901.881230727.9851.801.851.83831528.7151.751.801.78932429.5351.701.751.73733130.1731.651.701.68233330.3561.601.651.63633930.9021.551.601.581135031.9051.501.551.531236232.9991.451.501.481337534.1841.401.451.431338835.3691.351.401.381139936.3721.301.351.331741637.9221.251.301.281943539.6541.201.251.231144640.6561.151.201.182246842.6621.101.151.131848644.3031.051.101.081850445.9431.001.051.032552948.2220.981.000.991454349.4990.960.980.971956251.2310.940.960.952158353.1450.920.940.932160455.0590.900.920.911962356.7910.890.900.901363657.9760.880.890.891364959.1610.870.880.881366260.3460.860.870.871167361.3490.850.860.861268562.4430.840.850.851670163.9020.830.840.84971064.7220.820.830.831172165.7250.810.820.821273366.8190.800.810.811975268.5510.790.800.801376569.7360.780.790.79977470.5560.770.780.781679072.0150.760.770.771880873.6550.750.760.762082875.4790.740.750.752585377.7580.730.740.741086378.6690.720.730.731988280.4010.710.720.721990182.1330.700.710.711191283.1360.690.700.701792984.6860.680.690.691594486.0530.670.680.68895286.7820.660.670.67896087.5110.650.660.661297288.6050.640.650.65797989.2430.630.640.641799690.7930.620.630.637100391.4310.610.620.623100691.7050.600.610.6116102293.1630.590.600.609103193.9840.580.590.593103494.2570.570.580.5813104795.4420.560.570.577105496.0800.550.560.568106296.8090.540.550.555106797.2650.530.540.546107397.8120.520.530.534107798.1770.510.520.521107898.2680.500.510.510107898.2680.490.500.502108098.4500.480.490.491108198.5410.470.480.485108698.9970.460.470.471108799.0880.450.460.460108799.0880.350.450.407109499.7270.250.350.302109699.909根據(jù)表5繪制流量頻率曲線如下圖。圖1霧渡河電站日平均流量頻率曲線3.2水能調(diào)節(jié)計算計算表格如下。表6霧渡河水能調(diào)節(jié)計算表入庫流量(m3/s)生態(tài)流量(m3/s)發(fā)電流量(m3/s)頻率(%)歷時(h)平均歷時(h)水流出力(kW)水流出力差值(kW)分級電量(104kw·h)累計電量(104kw·h)利用小時(h)123456789101167.500.2667.240.0917.997.9953465.213975.703.171778.52332.6562.500.2662.240.0917.9911.9849489.513975.704.761775.34358.7357.500.2657.240.18215.9719.9645513.813975.707.941770.58389.0252.500.2652.240.27323.9631.9441538.113975.7012.701762.64424.3447.500.2647.240.45639.9339.9337562.413975.7015.871749.94465.8842.500.2642.240.45639.9339.9333586.713975.7015.871734.07516.3037.500.2637.240.45639.9355.9029611.013975.7022.221718.20580.2632.500.2632.240.82071.8799.8225635.313975.7039.681695.97661.5827.500.2627.241.459127.77151.7221659.613975.7060.321656.29764.6922.500.2622.242.005175.68231.5817683.913975.7092.071595.97902.5017.500.2617.243.282287.47351.3613708.213975.70139.691503.901097.0812.500.2612.244.740415.24459.169732.512385.42109.531364.211401.709.500.269.245.743503.08515.067347.09795.1440.951254.681707.738.500.268.246.016527.04566.966551.95795.1445.081213.731852.477.500.267.246.928606.89674.775756.81795.1453.651168.652030.026.500.266.248.478742.64786.564961.67596.3646.911114.992247.215.750.265.499.480830.48874.404365.32397.5734.761068.082446.755.250.264.9910.483918.32954.263967.75596.3656.911033.322604.304.500.264.2411.304990.191062.063371.39198.7921.11976.412896.174.250.263.9912.9441133.931197.813172.61397.5747.62955.303011.093.750.263.4914.4031261.701353.532775.04397.5753.81907.683270.873.250.262.9916.5001445.361509.242377.47278.3042.00853.873591.502.900.262.6417.9581573.131629.022099.17159.0325.91811.873867.562.700.262.4419.2341684.921788.731940.14159.0328.45785.964051.042.500.262.2421.6041892.541972.401781.11159.0331.37757.514253.042.300.262.0423.4282052.252112.141622.09119.2725.19726.154476.632.150.261.8924.7952172.032211.961502.8179.5117.59700.964664.282.050.261.7925.7062251.892303.791423.3079.5118.32683.374801.291.950.261.6926.8922355.702403.611343.7959.6414.33665.054949.071.880.261.6227.9852451.522483.461284.1539.769.87650.715067.281.830.261.5728.7152515.412551.341244.3939.7610.14640.845149.831.780.261.5229.5352587.272615.221204.6439.7610.40630.705235.591.730.261.4730.1732643.172651.161164.8839.7610.54620.305325.021.680.261.4230.3562659.142683.101125.1239.7610.67609.765419.501.630.261.3730.9022707.062750.981085.3739.7610.94599.095519.741.580.261.3231.9052794.902842.811045.6139.7611.30588.165625.011.530.261.2732.9992890.722942.631005.8539.7611.70576.855734.981.480.261.2234.1842994.533046.44966.1039.7612.11565.165849.891.430.261.1735.3693098.343142.26926.3439.7612.49553.045970.211.380.261.1236.3723186.183254.06886.5839.7612.94540.556097.031.330.261.0737.9223321.933397.79846.8239.7613.51527.616230.501.280.261.0239.6543473.663517.58807.0739.7613.98514.106370.041.230.260.9740.6563561.493649.33767.3139.7614.51500.126517.841.180.260.9142.6623737.173809.04727.5539.7615.14485.616674.581.130.260.8744.3033880.913952.78687.8039.7615.72470.476840.221.080.260.8145.9434024.654124.47648.0439.7616.40454.757017.371.030.260.7648.2224224.284280.18608.2827.8311.91438.367206.450.990.260.7349.4994336.084411.94580.4515.907.02426.447346.750.970.260.7151.2314487.804571.65564.5515.907.27419.437429.420.950.260.6953.1454655.504739.34548.6515.907.54412.167512.250.930.260.6755.0594823.194899.05532.7415.907.79404.627595.020.910.260.6556.7914974.915026.82516.8411.936.00396.837677.980.900.260.6457.9765078.725130.63504.917.954.08390.837740.600.890.260.6359.1615182.535234.44496.967.954.16386.757782.360.880.260.6260.3465286.345330.26489.017.954.24382.597823.790.870.260.6161.3495374.185422.10481.067.954.31378.357865.010.860.260.6062.4435470.015533.89473.117.954.40374.047906.060.850.260.5963.9025597.785633.71465.167.954.48369.647946.610.840.260.5864.7225669.645713.56457.217.954.54365.167986.840.830.260.5765.7255757.485805.40449.257.954.62360.628027.070.820.260.5666.8195853.315929.17441.307.954.71356.008067.100.810.260.5568.5516005.036056.94433.357.954.82351.298106.330.800.260.5469.7366108.846144.78425.407.954.89346.478144.640.790.260.5370.5566180.716244.59417.457.954.97341.598182.730.780.260.5272.0156308.486380.35409.507.955.07336.628220.360.770.260.5173.6556452.226532.07401.557.955.19331.558256.800.760.260.5075.4796611.926711.74393.597.955.34326.358291.640.750.260.4977.7586811.566851.49385.647.955.45321.028324.220.740.260.4878.6696891.416967.27377.697.955.54315.578355.220.730.260.4780.4017043.147119.00369.747.955.66310.038385.070.720.260.4682.1337194.867238.78361.797.955.76304.378412.900.710.260.4583.1367282.707350.57353.847.955.84298.618439.280.700.260.4484.6867418.457478.34345.897.955.95292.778464.310.690.260.4386.0537538.237570.17337.937.956.02286.828487.510.680.260.4286.7827602.117634.06329.987.956.07280.808509.610.670.260.4187.5117666.007713.91322.037.956.13274.738531.230.660.260.4088.6057761.827789.77314.087.956.19268.608551.920.650.260.3989.2437817.727885.60306.137.956.27262.418571.720.640.260.3890.7937953.477981.42298.187.956.35256.138590.020.630.260.3791.4318009.378021.35290.237.956.38249.798606.690.620.260.3691.7058033.338097.21282.277.956.44243.418623.180.610.260.3593.1638161.098197.03274.327.956.52236.978638.420.600.260.3493.9848232.968244.94266.377.956.56230.458651.600.590.260.3394.2578256.928308.82258.427.956.61223.908664.110.580.260.3295.4428360.738388.68250.477.956.67217.298675.390.570.260.3196.0808416.638448.57242.527.956.72210.628684.790.560.260.3096.8098480.518500.47234.577.956.76203.908692.800.550.260.2997.2658520.448544.39226.617.956.79197.148699.550.540.260.2897.8128568.358584.32218.667.956.83190.358705.190.530.260.2798.1778600.298604.28210.717.956.84183.538709.750.520.260.2698.2688608.288608.28202.767.956.84176.688713.890.510.260.2598.2688608.288616.26194.817.956.85169.848718.200.500.260.2498.4508624.258628.24186.867.956.86162.998722.540.490.260.2398.5418632.238652.20178.917.956.88156.138726.730.480.260.2298.9978672.168676.15170.967.956.90149.2