2021-2022年山西省運(yùn)城市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）

2021-2022年山西省運(yùn)城市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.Accordingtotheauthor,ifonechoosestotravelwithfewerpossessions,he______.

A.islikelytoenjoyhimselfmore

B.willbeabletotravelmuchcheaper

C.tendstobuyhomemorelocalspecialtyproducts

D.willprobablymakewiserpurchaseontheroad

2.

Wheatcerealsaresuggestedtogivetobabiesweanedfrombreastmilkinordertoobtainiron.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Agirlwilltextaboythenextdayaftermeetingatarestaurantbecause______.

A.theboyisgoodatmaths

B.thegirliseagertohaveaboyfriend

C.thesmartboyworksveryhard

D.thelate-nightrestaurantleftgreatimpression

4.

RalphWaldoEmersonandHenryDavidThoreauaregreatenvironmentalists.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Asasmartphone,Treo600hasGPSantennasandaccesstolocalWi-Fihotspots.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.

A"DIY"divorcemaytakeeffectin______afterthesimpleprocedure.

7.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

HappyEarthDay

TheGoodNews

Here'sthegoodnews:ourairiscleaner,ourlakesarepurer,ourforestsarehealthier,endangeredspeciesarerecovering,toxicemissionsaxedown,andacidrainhasdiminisheddramatically.Andyet,ifyou'velookedatanewspaperorwatchedtheeveningnewslately,youmightthinkourenvironmentisundersiege(圍攻).Mediacoverageoftheenvironmentisheavyondoomsday,butthetruthisnotatallbleak:nearlyallenvironmentaltrendsintheUnitedStatesarepositiveandhavebeenforyears-ifnotdecades.

Eco-legislation,greenorganizations,corporatecooperationandnewinventionshaveallquietlysteeredourenvironmentinapositivedirection.Wecan'taffordtobecomplacent(自滿的),though-especiallywhenitcomestogreenhousegases,sinceglobalwarmingistheonehugeproblemwehaven'treallytackled.Butalmosteverymeasuretakenbygovernmentagenciesendgrass-rootseffortstoimprovetheenvironmenthasshownencouragingresults-usuallyfasterthanexpectedandatalowercost.Nowthat'sgoodnews.

Scientistsandenvironmentaliststhinkthateventheworrisomefactofglobalwarmingcanbeameliorated(改善).Thereisastrongscientificconsensusthattheglobalwarmingthreatrequiresaction,butifcurrentenvironmentaltrendspersistandthereductionofmostpollutantscontinuestobeaccomplishedfasterendmorecheaplythanexpected,wemaybeabletocontrolandreducegreenhousegasesinbothaffordableandpracticalways.

ConsidersomeoftheenvironmentalimprovementstheUnitedStateshaswitnessedoverthelastthreedecades.

ImprovedAirQuality

Takeanice,bigcleansingbreath.AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,emissionsoftheprimarysmog-causingchemicalsfromcarsandtruckshavedeclined54percentsince1970,eventhoughthenumberofregisteredcarsandtruckshasmorethandoubled,from108,407,000to230,428,000,andtheyarenowdrivenoneandahalftimesasfarannually.

Keepbreathing,becausethefineparticulateslinkedtorespiratorydisease,includingthosesometimesseenassoot(煤煙),aredownbyaboutone-thirdsince1979(thoughfewercitiesweresurveyedbackthen).Thelevelofcarbonmonoxide,adangerousodorlessgas,isdown53percentsince1970.Andemissionsofsulfurdioxide,oftenthemajorculpritbehindacidrain,aredown49percentsince1970,despitethefactthattheUnitedStatesnowbumsfarmorecoal,themainsourceofthispollutant.

TheseimprovementshavetranslatedintobetterairqualityformillionsofAmericans.Between1976and1990,theLosAngelesareaaveragedsome150daysperyearinviolationoffederalsmogstandards;in2004,thatfiguredroppedtojust27violationdays,thefewesteverforthatcity.

And,incaseyouarewondering,federalstandardshavebecomestricter,notweaker,duringthisperiod.Ofcourse,thereismoretobedone-27smogdaysinLosAngelesarestill27toomany,andAtlanta,Houstonandothercitiescontinuetoexperienceair-pollutionproblems.Butoverall,air-qualitytrendsarestronglypositive.Now,exhale.

BetterWaterQuality

Otherenvironmentaltrendsareequallyencouraging.Waterqualityhasimproved,too,andratesofwaterbornediseasearealsoindecline.It'shardtobelieve,butjustagenerationago,factoriesandmunicipalplantsactuallydischargeduntreatedwaste

A.Globalwarming.

B.Acidrain.

C.Toxicemission.

D.Environment.

8.

AmongscholarsinEnglishliterature,Oslerisknownasanauthorityon______.

9.Morepeoplewouldusenotesandcointoprotect______whenelectroniccashpaymentsareunderstrictmonitoring.

10.

Sincetaughenedglasscanreplaceshuttersindowntownstores,itprovidesthestorewith______.

11.

AccordingtoMaryCzerwinski'sresearch,computerusersareconstantlyshiftingfromwindowtowindow,pausing______ateachone.

12.Hedonicadaptationmeanspeoplealwaysreturntotheirusuallevelofhappinessafterthetemporarysatisfaction.

13.

Theargumentfordesigninglanguagesforbadprogrammersisthat______.

14.

Ifyouwanttohelpyourdaughtergiveupherdrugaddiction,you'dbettercalltelephonenumberof______toseekhelp.

15.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1—7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),Forquestions8—10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

AGuidetoJobHunting

Developingyourcareerandfindinganewjobcantakeoveryourlifeifyou'renotcareful.That'swhyrecruitmentexpertsKellyServiceshavecomeupwithagreatlistofshortcutsandtoptipsthatwillhelpyoumanageyourtimeandachieveyourgoals.AccordingtolatestresearchfromKelly,whichlastyearfoundover10000peoplepermanentjobsacrossawiderangeofbusinesssectors,employersarelookingfortoptalentcombinedwithcommitmentandenthusiasm.

Prioritizeyourneeds

Workoutyourpriorities.What'simportanttoyou,whatsortofcompanydoyouwanttoworkforandwhattypeofjobyouareafter?Howambitiousareyou,wouldyoubepreparedtorelocate,howfarareyouwillingtocommuteandhowimportantisjobsatisfaction?Thisinitialhomeworkwillhelpyoutorecognizeyourownkeyrequirementsandcouldsaveahugeamountoftimethatcouldbewastedchasingafterthewrongtypeofjob.

Consulttheexperts

Takethehassleoutofjobhuntingbydiscussingyourcareeroptionswiththeexperts.StaffinggiantsKellyServiceshaveover500experiencedrecruitmentconsultantsin120HighStreetlocationswhocantakethelegworkoutofjobhuntingforyou.Theyhavecontactswithmulti-national"bluechips"aswellaswithsmallerlocalcompaniesand,withcuttingedgetechnologyinplace,theycanlookatallavailablejobsnationwideatthetouchofabutton.

ExecutiveCVtips

SellingyourselfandyourskillsSuccessfullyinyourCVcanmakeallthedifferencebetweensecuringanintervieworfindingyourselfOntherejectlist.Remembertofocusonyourachievements,togiveexamplesoftasksyouhavesuccessfullycompletedwhichdemonstrateyourstrengthsandcompetenciesandtoincludeactivitiesthatreflectyourattitudeandpersonality.YourCVshouldbetailoredtospecificjobopportunitiesandyoushouldhaveanelectronicversionaswellasapaperbasedone.MakingsurethatyourCVisuptoscratchisoneoftheservicesofferedbyKelly,soifyoursisinneedofanoverhaulcontacttheexperts.

Jobsonline

TheInternethasrevolutionizedthesearchforworkandthewebisagreatplacetolookforjobs.Therearehundredsofdifferentjobsadvertisedonwww.kellyservices,co.uk—andbecauseit'savailable24—7youcancheckuponyourjobopportunitieswheneveritsuitsyou.Onceyouhaveregisteredforworkandgivenusallyourdetails,Kellywillcontactyouwhentherightjobcomesup—youdon'tevenhavetochaseus.Butmakesurethatyousetupaprivateemailaddressbecauseyouwon'twanttobebombardedatwork.

Getconnected

Theweb,whichgivesyouaccesstomorethanamillioncompaniesineverypartoftheglobe,istheplacetoresearchyourpotentialemployers.Useasearchenginetofindoutthelatestonspecificcompanies,industriesandwho'sbeeninthenews.

Effectivetimemanagement

Usingyourtimeeffectivelyiscrucial,particularlyifyouareworkingwhilelookingforyournewjob,andit'sherethatyourstrategyandplanofactionwillcomeintotheirown.Makesurethatyourplanhastargets,realisticdeadlines,andthatyousetcertainperiodsoftimeasidetofocusonyoursearch.Onehourofconcentratedeffortisworthfourhoursofinterruptions,somakesureyouarenotdisturbed!Intoday'sbusyworldit'sallaboutlearningt

A.Managingtime.

B.Workingoutpriorities.

C.Consultingtheexperts.

D.Askingforthefamily'srequirements.

16.

Whyareapplicationsincreasing?Answer:______.

17.

Aftershegotanewjob,LisaPerezregrettedthatshehadnotdonevolunteeringworkearlier.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Weareatlosswhattodointhefutureworldofinformation.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

NocaptainsandnopilotseverescapedtheTriangleaccidents.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Ifyouwanttogiveupajobwholesale,youshouldevaluate______fromit.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(17)

A.TheBestofJazz.

B.ChristmasCarols.

C.ClassicalMusic.

D.RockMusicCollection.

22.

【B4】

23.(25)

A.Byworkingovertimetoearnthemoney.

B.Byborrowingmoneyfromabank.

C.Byrelyingonhersavings.

D.Byacceptinghelpfromherparents.

24.(22)

A.Tolookforapart-timejobhere.

B.Toborrow"WarandRemembrance."

C.Toborrowanovelforsomelightreading.

D.Tolearntousethelibraryasefficientlyaspossible.

25.(29)

A.Mariebenefitedalotfromthepracticallessons.

B.Mariewasabletoreadstorieswiththehelpofherson.

C.Mariedecidedtocontinueherstudiesinschool.

D.Mariefoundherlessonsmorechallengingthanherchildren's.

26.【B6】

27.(36)

A.Itshouldbeassimilatedthoroughly.

B.Itshouldbeauthorizedbythesource.

C.Itshouldbeparaphrasedbytheauthors.

D.Itshouldbeenclosedinquotationmarks.

28.(44)

29.

【B3】

30.(21)

A.Requireworkingparttimeandspongingoffrelatives.

B.Providetheround-triptransportationfeetostudents.

C.Offerstipendforvacationexpensesandmiscellaneouscosts.

D.Covertuition,roomandboardforanacademicyear.

31.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Don'tyouthinkProfessorMartin'stestwastoodifficult?

M:Well,ImustadmitIhadbeenexpectingmorethanapassinggradeinbiology.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(14)

A.Thetestwasharderthanhehadanticipated.

B.Hewasluckytopassthebiologytest.

C.ProfessorMartinisknownforgivinghardtests.

D.Hehasneverfailedinbiology.

32.聽(tīng)力原文：M:There'sBillonhismotorcycle.Didhetakeittothegaragetogetfixed?

W:Don'tbesilly.Thatwouldhavebeenawasteofmoney.Itonlyhadaflattire.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

(19)

A.Billwassillytohavewastedhismoney.

B.Billpaidtohavehismotorcyclefixed.

C.Billnowworksinagarage.

D.Billrepairedithimself.

33.(35)

A.Noteatingbreakfastmightaffectthehealthofchildren.

B.Breakfastdoesnotaffectperformance.

C.ProfessorBendoroncetaughtcollegecoursesinnutritioninLondon.

D.Thenumberofpeoplewhodon'teatbreakfasthasincreased.

34.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Iheardyouappliedforseveraluniversities.Haveyougotacceptedanywhere?

W:Ihaven'theardanythingyet.ButIshouldknowsomethingwithinthenextfewweeks.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(18)

A.Shehasnotappliedforanyuniversityyet.

B.Shewillbeginuniversityclassesinafewweeks.

C.Shedoesnotknowyetifauniversitywillaccepther.

D.Sheistoobusytocontacttheuniversityrightnow.

35.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Themanalwayslovedstudy.

B.Thewomanwasopposedtogotoschooleveryday.

C.Themansuggestedthewomanhavearest.

D.Thewomanobjectedtohavingexams.

36.(43)

37.(46)

38.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽(tīng)力原文：Didyouknowthatvegetablescanbetrickedintogrowinginclimatestheyarenotaccustomedto?CoolclimatevegetablesarenowabletobegrowninplacesashotasHawan.InHawaii,marineengineershavebeenabletoactuallyconvincesuchvegetablesthatthey'relivingincoolerclimate.Thatwaytheygrowfasterandtastebetter.Whattheseengineershavebeenusingisverysimplycoldseawater.Howdotheyuseit.Theyplacepipesinthesoilandthecoldwaterflowinthroughthemcoolstheair.Thisstimulatesplantsgrowthandenablesgardenersintropicalclimatestogrowcropsfromcoolerclimates,Alsosomeofthesepipesareexposedtotheairandtheycondensemoistureandthusirrigatethegarden.What'sespeciallyappealingaboutthisprocessisthatnothingdamagingtothenaturalenvironmentisbeingused.Anotherinnovativeuseforcoldoceanwateristocoolbuildings.Engineersbelievethat,forexample,theentirewestcoastoftheUnitedStatescouldbeair-conditionedusingseawater.

(28)

A.Hawaiiiscoolernow.

B.ThevegetableshavebecomeaccustomedtotheweatherinHawaii.

C.Theyarecheatedtobelievethattheyaregrowingincoolclimate.

D.Theyaretransgenicvegetables.

39.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

ConsideringhowjazzistranscribedinChinese,youmaybemisledintoassumingthatitisaculturalform.belongingtothosewhohavesomeeleganttastes.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.It(36)______amongblackAmericansattheendofthe19thcentury,atatimewhenthey(37)______theverybottomoftheAmericansocialheap.

Sohowhassomethingthatwascreatedbyaoncedespised(38)______acquiredacentralplaceintoday'sAmericanculture?It'sa(39)______thatmanypeoplewouldliketosolve.

Perhapsthe(40)______ofAmericaisthatyoucouldnevergettwoAmericanstoagreeonjustwhatthatmightbe.Afterthinkingaboutitforawhile,wemight(41)______,"Hmm,

seemslikebeingAmericanisahitmore(42)______thanwethought."Certainlythingslike(43)______,success,innovationandtolerancestandout.(44)____________.

Some,likeAfrican-AmericanwriterRalphEllison,believesthatjazzcapturestheintrinsicpropertiesofAmerica.(45)____________.TheysayjazzbroughttogetherelementsfromAfricaandEurope,fusingthemintoanewculture,anexpressionuniquetotheAmericas.Beyondthat,though,jazzhasaconnectiontotheintrinsicpropertiesofAmericainamuchmorefundamentalway.(46)____________.

40.聽(tīng)力原文：M:I'mcountingonmycomputerscienceprofessortogetmeajobintheEnglishdepartmentthissummer.

F:I'mnotsureit'suptohim.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimplyabouttheman'sprofessor?

(13)

A.Heprobablycan'tfindthemanajobinEnglishdepartment.

B.Heisakind-heartedman.

C.Heisunwillingtohelpthemanfindajob.

D.Heistheonewhodecideswhichstudenttohire.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Accordingtotheauthor,therewasatrendintheU.S.fortheyoungpeople______.

A.tospeakStandardEnglish

B.tospeakEnglishwithoutclassdistinction

C.tospeakEnglishwithclassdistinction

D.tospeakEnglishwithgrammarmistakes

42.

Scannersusednottobeconsideredworthwhilewhenacompanyconsidersits______.

43.

Onwhatconditioncanthebirdsspreadtheinfluenzathroughmigration?

44.

WhydidWangLungwanttomakethehouseneatonthatparticularday?

A.Becausehewasusedtomakingtheroomneatandtidy.

B.Becausehewantedtopleasehisfather.

C.Becausehewantedtopleasehisnewwife.

D.Becausehisroomwastoodirty.

45.

Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Noiseisamajorproblem;mostpeoplerecognizeitsimportance.

B.Althoughnoisecanbeannoying,itisnotamajorproblem.

C.Noiseisamajorproblemandhasnotyetbeenrecognizedassuch.

D.Noiseisamajorproblemaboutwhichnothingcanbedone.

46.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Manywriterscomplainthattheirbiggestdifficultyisfindingasubject.Sometimesthatdifficultyappearslesscomplicatedbecausethesubjectisidentifiedinawritingassignment.Butwritingassignmentsvaryinhowtheyareworded,whattheyassume,andwhattheyexpect.Forexample,youmaybeaskedtodiscusstwocharactersinaplayyouhaveread.Thisopenassignmentdoesnotidentifyasubject;itmerelyidentifiesanareainwhichasubjectneedstobedeveloped.Anotherversionofthatsameassignmentmightaskyoutocompareandcontrastthewaythetwocharactersmakecompromises.Thisclosedassignmentidentifiesasubject,butitassumesyouhowtoworkwithaspecificform.(comparisonandcontrastessay)anditexpectsyoutoproducespecificinformation.Inotherwords,althoughthesecondassignmentrestrictsthesubject,youmuststillselectandarrangethesubjectmatterofyouressay.

Whenyouhaveafreechoiceofsubject,yourdifficultiesmayappearmorecomplicated.Nooneishelpingyoufindyoursubject..Ontheotherhand,nooneistellingyouwhattodoorhowtodoit.You'refreetoyourowndecisions.Ratherthandiscussingtwocharactersyouhavereadaboutinaplay,youmaydecidetocompareandcontrasttwocharactersyouknowinyourneighborhood.Orbetterstill,youdecidetoanalyzehowyourfavoritecharacterdealswiththeproblemofmakingcompromises.

Whetheryouarerespondingtoanassignmentorcreatingyourown,youneedtofollowcertainmeasuresifyouaretofindallappropriatesubject.Firstandforemost,youshouldwriteaboutasubjectyouknoworcanlearnsomethingfrom.Themoreyouknowaboutyoursubject,themorelikelyyou'retoshapeitaccordingtoyouruniqueperspective.Inparticular,ifyoursubjectisfamiliartomostofyourreaders,thenyourpersonalexperiencewithorresearchonthesubjectwillhelpyouwriteaboutitintermsofyourobservanons,yourideasandyourvalues.Second,youmustdetermineifyoursubjectisageneralsubjectthatyoumustlimittoaspecificsubjectornot.Ageneralsubjectisalargecategoryofinformation,suchassituationcomediesontelevision.Aspecificsubjectfocusesonaparticulartopicwithinthatcategory,suchastheportrayalofprofessionalwomen.Oraspecificsubjectcanreflectaparticularattitudeorjudgmentthatexpressesthewriter'spersonalviewofthegeneralsubject.Themoreyoucanlimitorspecifyyoursubject,themorelikelyyouaretoconcentrateyourattentiononconcreteinformationratherthanvagueimpressions.Third,toensurethatyouarewillingtospendtimeworkingonyoursubject,youneedtoaskyourselfthreequestionsaboutit.Isitsignificant?Isitinteresting?Isitmanageable?

Theword"restrict"inthefirstparagraphmeans______.

A.confineB.controlC.migrateD.extend

47.

Theword"groundbreaking"(Para.6)canbeinterpretedas______.

A.essentiallynewB.pioneeringC.evolutionaryD.epoch-making

48.

Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingareadvisabletoolderadultsforafitnessprogramexcept____.

A.wearingappropriateclothingandshoes

B.beingmentallyreadyforphysicalexercises

C.includingperiodsofwarm-upandcool-down

D.avoidinganypressuretotheirhearts

49.

【C9】

50.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Let'snowbrieflyconsideragenerallyhonoredbutsometimesmaligned(有壞影響的)typeofscientist,thetheorist.Theoristsareconsideredseparately,sincetheyaretherarest,mostfascinating,andmostimportantofthespeciesScientificus.TheirmotivationalsystemmostoftenisthatofthePlayer,althoughoccasionallyitisthatoftheOperator.

Althoughtheoristsareoftenviewedascold,rational,deliberatemachines,theyaregenerallyalmosttheoppositeofthispopularpicture.Theyareusuallyindividualsofstrongfeelingswhohavetheego(自我)ofactorsandanirrational,almostmysticattachmenttoparticularviewsoftheirdiscipline.Theappearanceofcooldeliberationistheirpublicface,whichoftenrepresentsonlytheirdisdain(輕蔑)forcontactwiththespectators.

Thereareimportantoccupationaldifferencesbetweentheoristsandotherscientists.Theoristssettheframeworkwithinwhichothersdotheirresearch.Thoseotherthanthetheoristsdotheimportantworkoffillingindetailsofexistingtheories.Non-theoristsfulfillarelativelysafeandusefulfunction.Theirworkcontributestosciencebutdoesnotthreatentheindividualscientistunlessheorshehappenstoaccumulateevidencecontrarytothestatusquo.

Whatisthegeneralpersonalitymakeupoftheorists?Aretheynormal,neurotic,orevenpsychotic?Theyrarelyfitthepatternofmiddle-classnormality,andyettheyareintenselyintouchwiththeirownreality.Perhapstheydon'tfitanyoftheusualcategories.GeorgeBernardShawoncesaid,"Thereasonablemanadaptshimselftotheworld;theunreasonableonepersistsintryingtoadapttheworldtohimself.Therefore,allprogressdependsontheunreasonableman."Perhapshismessagewastotoleratethedissenters(反對(duì)者),thefaddists,thekooks(狂人),andingeneralthosewhodisagreewithwhatweknowarerightsolongastheydon'tbecometooviolent.Toleratethem,notoutofanysenseofhumanitybutforcrassself-interest.Afewofthemareinnovators,andsocietyneedstheminfinitelymorethantheyneedsociety.

Inreviewingallthegroupofscientistsandscience-trainedindividualswehaveencountered,wefindarangeofindividualsspreadoverthewholespectrumofhumanbehavior.butwithsomeimportantcommoncharacteristics.Scientistsareneithersupermennornaivechildren.Theyarenotfoggilyabsent-mindedorunrealistic;rather,manyofthethingstheyconsiderimportantandrealareoftenquitedifferentfromthoseofthe"everyday"world.

Bydescribingtheoristsascold,rational,deliberatemachines,theauthorintendstoimplythattheoristsareactuallyindividualsof______.

51.

Accordingtothepassage,alinguistichierarchyofpoweris______.

A.aladderofsocialstatusdeterminedbyhismasteryofacertainlanguage

B.createdwiththenativespeakerofadominantlanguageonthetop

C.formedwiththenon-nativespeakerofadominantlanguageinthemiddle

D.alloftheabove

52.

TheAPECdialoguesare______.

A.linksofmutualrestraintanddependence

B.bondsofdevelopmentofworldeconomy

C.formsofdoingbusinessintheregion

D.tiesofmutualbenefitandmultilateraltradedevelopment

53.Amongthosepeoplewaitingfortheteenagersattheclub,onemissingelementis______.

54.

Theword"gizmos"(line1,paragraph2)mostprobablymeans______.

A.programsB.expertsC.devicesD.creatures

55.

AtleastonesampleofathirdofbottledwaterbrandstestedbyNRDCfailedtomeet

56.

IftheassumptionaboutthedelayofanewIceAgeiscorrect______.

A.thebestwaytoovercomethecoolingeffectwouldbetoburnmorefuels

B.leewouldsooncoverthenorthernhemisphere

C.theincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmospherecouldwarmuptheearthevenmorequickly

D.thegreenhouseeffectcouldworktotheadvantageoftheearth

57.

【C4】

58.

WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph5?

A.Wal-Martshouldn'tberesponsiblefortheruinofthevision.

B.Thecityauthoritysetsouttoplanbuildings.

C.Thesurroundingsdtheancientsitearedirty.

D.Thehistoricinterestiswellpreserved.

59.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Thestudyofanimalsinparksandinwildhasgivenadeeperknowledgeoftheirhabits:theresulthasbeenagreatimprovementinthewaytheyaretreated,housedandbred.Forexample,mostanimalsarenowkeptingroupsbecauseithasdiscoveredthat,likepeople,theyarehappierinthecompanyoftheirfellows.Ithasbeenrecognizedalsothatastheyarecomplicatedcreatures,keepingthemhappyenoughtoflourishandmultiplyincaptivity(囚禁，被關(guān))isacomplicatedoperation.Zoodirectors,keepers,andveterinarians(獸醫(yī))havecountlessstoriestotellabouttheproblemsthathavetobesolvedbeforeromancecanbloominthezoo.Someanimalswillnotbreedwithoutaspecialdiet;othersmustfeelfarfromhumanpresence,andothersneedlargespacesfortheircourtshipdances.Somemalesinsistonfightingtowintheirmate.Thenthereisthequestionofpersonalpreferences,aswasdemonstratedbythefemalepandaoftheLondonZoo,andthemalepandainMoscow.Afterlonganddifficultdiscuss