UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITONS第2課時DISCOVERINGUSEFULSTRUCTURES（備作業(yè)）2021-2022學年高一英語系列（人教版2019必修第二冊）

必修第二冊練習Unit4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSDiscoveringUsefulStructures一、語法填空1.Inthe________

(crowd)city,myfatherpreferswalkingtotakingabus.2.WiththeSpringFestival________

(approach),thestudentsarebeginningtotalkabouttheirplans.3.Iamquite________(confuse)byChinesetablemanners.I'dappreciateitifyoucangivemesometipsonhowtobehaveproperlyatadinnerparty.4.Hetriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoundhimself________(surround).5.Theysaidgoodbyetothevillagers,withtears________

(roll)downtheircheeks.6.It'sanopportunitytomaketheChineseculturebetter________(know)tointernationalstudents.二、選詞填空1．Withallhishomework____________(prepared/preparing)，Peterwenttobed,relaxed.2．Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimself____________(surrounding/surrounded)byagroupofdoctors.3．Thechildrenlikereadingstories____________(writing/written)bythefamouswriter.4．Many____________(using/used)computerswillbedonatedtothevillageschool.5．I'veheardit____________(said/saying)thatMaryisadeterminedbusinesswoman.6．Thepolicepromisedthattheywouldkeeptherelativesofthevictim____________(informed/informing)ofeverythingabouttheinvestigation.7．Hecangetthewatch____________(going/gone)again.8．Thegirlspokeinsuchalowvoicethatshecouldn'tmakeherself____________(heard/hearing)byothers.9．Don'tleavethatboy____________(waited/waiting)outsideandshowhiminnow.10．Ilikethatoldhouse____________(building/built)ofwoodandmud.三、完成句子1．(2017·天津高考書面表達)____________________________________,_IhavetoimprovemyselfbyreadingsomebooksaboutTianjinsoastoknowmoreaboutit.為了成為一名合格的志愿者，我不得不閱讀一些關(guān)于天津的書籍來了解更多的相關(guān)信息以提高自己。2．Withreferenceto____________________________________,_IhavethepleasuretosaythatIamthejustpersonyouareaskingfor.關(guān)于你做廣告的職位，我很高興地說，我就是那個你要找的人。3．Asforthephenomenon____________________________________,_somepeoplesupportitwhileothersdonot.關(guān)于上文提到的現(xiàn)象，有些人支持，而有些人反對。4．Theplayers____________________________________areexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.人們期待這些從全國選拔出來的運動員在夏季比賽中能給我們帶來榮耀。5．TheInternetkeeps____________________________________thelatestnewsandalsoprovidesentertainmentinthehouse.Itisnowonderthatit'ssopopularworldwide.網(wǎng)絡(luò)使我們在家就能了解最新的新聞，而且也為我們提供娛樂，難怪它在全球那么受歡迎。6．Ifyouwanttomake____________________________________,_youareabovealltorespectyourself.如果你想讓自己被尊重，你必須首先尊重自己。7．Addictedtocomputergames,heleft____________________________________.他沉迷于電腦游戲，很多作業(yè)沒有做完。8．Thenewsreally____________________________________.這消息真讓我失望。9．Whereverwego,wewillsee____________________________________.無論我們?nèi)ツ睦?，都會看到這種產(chǎn)品在做廣告。10．Nowadays,and____________________________________bytheexpresscompany.現(xiàn)在，越來越多的人喜歡在淘寶網(wǎng)上“淘”東西，然后讓快遞公司郵寄。四、閱讀理解1.

Travellingcanbeafunwaytogainlifeexperiences,butwhatifyou'reastudentanddon'thaveenoughmoneyforatrip?Don'tworry.Herearesomeusefultips.Save:Thisprobablyisthemostimportantpreparationfortravelling.Cutexpenses(花費)tofattenyourwalletsoyou'llhavemorechoicesaboutwheretogoandhowtogetthere.Planahead:Don'twaituntilthelastminutetoplanyourtrip.Givingyourselfseveralmonthstogetreadycanmeansecurityandsavings.Doyourhomework:Nomatterwhereyougo,researchtheplacesyouwillvisit.Decidewhattosee.Travelbookswillprovideinformationonthecheapesthotelsandrestaurants.Plansensibly:Writedownhowmuchyouexpecttospendforfoodandhotels.Stickto(堅持)yourplanoryoumaynothaveenoughmoneytocovereverything.Travelingroups:Findsomeonewhoisinterestedinvisitingthesameplaces.Bytravellingwithothersyoucansharecostsandexperiences.Workasyougo:Lookforworkinplacesyouvisitifyouneedmoremoneytosupportyourtrip.Gooffthebeatenpath:Touristcitiesmaybeexpensive.Youmaywanttorethinkaboutyourtripandgotoaless-knownarea.Smallertownscanhavemanyinterestingactivitiesandsights.Packnecessarythings:Themostimportantthingstotakearenotalwaysclothes.Remembertotakealongmedicineincaseyougetsickandsnacksincaseyoucannotfindacheaprestaurant.Byplanningsensibly,evenstudentscanenjoytheirtravel.Yourtravelexperienceswillberememberedforalifetime.（1）Beforeyourtrip,thefirstthingyoushoulddois________.A.tomakeaplanoftherouteB.togetinformationontheInternetC.tosavemoneybyspendinglessD.tobuyticketsaheadoftime（2）Thewriteradvisesyou________.A.tosharecostswithanyotherpeopleB.nottogotowell-knownplacesC.nottovisitdangerousplacesD.tobuyanythingyouwanttobuy（3）Duringyourtrip,________.A.youneedmoremedicinethanclothesB.youshouldlookforworkallthewayC.youshouldremembertodoyourhomeworkD.youcangainvaluablelifeexperiences（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoPlanYourTravelWisely.B.TravelCanBeGreatFun.C.DifferentKindsofTravel.D.HowtoSaveMoney.2.

IntheUS,peoplepreferwaitingforatabletosittingwithpeopletheydon'tknow.Thismeansahostessmaynotseatasmallgroupuntilasmalltableisavailable,evenifalargeoneis.Ifyouaresittingatatablewithpeopleyoudon'tknow,itisimpolitetolightupacigarettewithoutaskingifitwilldisturbthem.

AtAmericanrestaurantsandcoffeeshopsyouareusuallyservedtapwaterbeforeyouorder.Youmayfindthebreadandbutterisfree,andifyouordercoffee,youmaygetafreerefill.

Mostcitiesandtownshavenorulesaboutopeningandclosingtimeforstoresorrestaurants,thoughtheyusuallydomakerulesforbars.Especiallyinlargecities,storesmaybeopen24hoursaday.

Servinginrestaurantsisoftenlarge,toolargeformanypeople.Ifyoucan'tfinishyourmealbutwouldliketoenjoythefoodlater,askyourwaitressorwaiterfora"doggiebag".Itmayhaveapictureofadogonit,buteverybodyknowsyou'retakingthefoodforyourself.

Supperanddinnerarebothwordsfortheeveningmeal.Somepeoplehave"Sundaydinner".Thisisanespeciallybignoonmeal.

Tipsarenotusuallyaddedtothecheck.Theyarenotincludedinthepriceofthemeal,either.Atipofabout15%isexpectedandyoushouldleaveitonthetablewhenyouleave.Insomerestaurants,acheckisbroughtonaplateandyouputyourmoneythere.Thenthewaiterorwaitressbringsyouyourchange.（1）Whichstatementistrue?A.Americanpeoplelikesittingwithpeopletheydon'tknow.B.Hostessalwaysseatsasmallgroupatalargetable.C.Americanpeopleneversitwithpeopletheydon'tknow.D.Americanpeoplewouldnotlightacigaretteifthepeoplewhositatthesametablemindtheirsmoking.（2）WhatdoAmericanpeoplealwaysdowhenservingsaretoolargeforthem?A.Theytakethefoodhomewithadoggiebagfortheirdogs.B.Theyleavethefoodonthetableandgoaway.C.Theytakethefoodhomewithadoggiebagandenjoythefoodlater.D.Theyaskthewaitressorwaitertokeepthefoodforthem.（3）Whatcanyoulearnabout"tips"accordingtothepassage?A.Customersoftenaddtipstotheircheck.B.Tipsaresupposedtobeleftonthetablewhencustomersleave.C.Peopledon'tneedtopaytips.D.Thepriceofthemealusuallyincludesthetip.3.閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

Ipickedupmytwobestfriendsandwewereoffonaroadtrip.IhadjustreturnedtoAmericafromayearabroadinChina.So,naturallyIwantedtotakeatriptoCanada.

Montreal,thesecondlargestcityinCanada,isafour-hourdrivefrommyhomeinNewHampshire.WefeltathrillaswecrossedtheborderintoCanada.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadeverdrivenacrossaninternationalborder.WeturnedontheradiototryandfindsomeCanadianstations.

Afterdroppingoffourbagsatourhotel,wewereimmediatelywalkingdownthefamousSaintCatherineStreet.Whilewewalked,twothingssurprisedus:howcolditwasandhowwelleveryonedressed.ThestreetsofMontrealarelikeafashionshow.Bothmenandwomenlookliketheysteppedoutofthepagesofamagazine.

AllofthatfashionhastokeepthemwarmsinceMontrealissocold.LastyearitbroketherecordforthemostsnowfallinNorthAmerica.Tohidefromthecoldwewentintoadinerbecausewewantedtoorderpoutine,averypopularsnackinMontreal.ItisFrenchfriescoveredincheeseandbrowngravy(肉汁).Itisdelicious.

However,wehadahardtimeorderingthedishsincetheofficiallanguageofMontrealisFrench.ItisactuallythefifthlargestFrench-speakingcityintheworld.ButsincealmosttherestofCanadiansspeakEnglish,plentyofpeopleweretheretohelp.

WespenttherestoftheweekendgoingtomanyhistoricalchurchesandmonumentsinMontreal.Butatnightwe'dheadtotheverymoderndanceclubsandbars.Montrealisacitythatsitsbetweenthepastandthefutureandthetravellercanchoosewhicheverdirectionhewantstogo.（1）WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeconcludedfromParagraph3andParagraph4?A.Theauthorandhisfriendscouldn'twaittoexplorethecity.B.Theauthorwasn'tusedtotheweatherofMontreal.C.ThecitizensfromMontrealcaremuchaboutwhattheywear.D.Montrealoftenholdsfashionshows.（2）Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.TheauthoroftenwenttoChinaforavisit.B.Thepeopletheymetinthedinerwerekindandhelpful.C.Allthepeopleinthedinerwerelocals.D.TheauthorwenttoMontrealonbusiness.（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.TheauthorlistenedtoCanadianradioprogrammesandchosetheirfirststopasadvised.B.TheauthortookatriptoMontreal—thethirdlargestcityinCanada.C.Montrealbroketherecordforthemostsnowfallintheworldlastyear.D.Montrealisacitywhichisbothtraditionalandmodern.4.

Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒野).Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.

DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.

Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.（1）WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A.Itsbusinessculture.B.Itssmallpopulation.C.Itsgeographicalposition.D.Itsfavourableclimate.（2）WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A.Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C.Almosteveryonegaveup.D.Halfofthemdied.（3）WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.D.Theywereshortoffood.（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theriseandfallofacity.B.ThegoldrushinCanada.C.Journeysintothewilderness.D.TourisminDawson.五、任務(wù)型閱讀根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptedandvaluablepartofyournewneighborhood.Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.________

Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty(房產(chǎn))neat,clean,andingoodrepair.________

Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.

Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously.Whengoingforawalk,takealongasmallgarbagebag.________

Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.

________

Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowthatyouaretheretohelpinanywaythatisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.

________

Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciates.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.C.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.D.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.E.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.F.Peopletendtotakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly.六、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Themostunforgettablethingduringmylongsummerholidayslastyear,ofcourse,ismytrip

1

England.Thiswasmyfirsttimetogoabroad,soitreallymademe

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.

Therewerequitealotofinteresting

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inEngland,suchasOxford.WhenwewalkedaroundOxford,wesawquitealotofancientbuildingson

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sidesofthestreets.Oneofthemostfamoustourist

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inOxfordisChrist(基督)Church.It's

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oneofOxfordUniversity's38colleges.ThereisahugehallinChristChurch,

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wasusedasthedininghallatHogwartsintheHarryPotter

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.IfeltreallyexcitedwhenIheardthis.

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placethatimpressedme

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duringmytripwasaplacecalledStratford-upon-Avon.Itwasasmalltown.Maybeyouhaven't

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it,butI'msureyouhaveheardaboutWilliamShakespeare—thegreatman's

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.InStratford-upon-Avon,Icould

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Shakespeare'sBirthplace,ShakespeareCountrysideMuseum,theRoyalShakespeareTheatre,andalotofplacesthatareconnectedwith

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.

IwenttoShakespeare'sBirthplace.Itwasthehouse

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Shakespearewasbornand

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hisearlyyears.

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sittingroom,hallway(走廊),bedrooms,andkitchenwerefurnished(布置)in16thcentury

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.IalsowenttoseetheShakespeareExhibition.Itillustrated(展示，說明)Shakespeare'slifeandcareerinbothStratfordandLondon.

IreallyenjoyedthisnicetriptoEngland,

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whichIlearntalot.I'mveryhappythatIcouldvisitsuchaninteresting

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.Iwanttogothereagaininthefuture.1.A.atB.forC.fromD.to2.A.excitedB.terrifiedC.surprisedD.disappointed3.A.tripsB.placesC.roadsD.sights4.A.bothB.eitherC.neitherD.each5.A.viewsB.scenesC.sitesD.interests6.A.alsoB.tooC.stillD.yet7.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where8.A.novelsB.recordsC.filmsD.songs9.A.OtherB.EveryC.EachD.Another10.A.deepB.deeplyC.highD.highly11.A.thoughtaboutB.heardaboutC.listenedtoD.consideredas12.A.hometownB.officeC.playD.theatre13.A.speakB.sayC.talkD.see14.A.ShakespeareB.OxfordC.EnglandD.HarryPotter15.A.whoB.thatC.whenD.where16.A.paidB.spentC.costD.took17.A.It'sB.ItsC.IthadD.Itwas18.A.styleB.siteC.shapeD.shade19.A.forB.atC.fromD.to20.A.cityB.townC.countryD.summer七、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

MoonDayiscelebratedonJuly20everyyear.MoonDaymarksthefirsthumanlandingonthemoon________happenedonJuly20,1969.Eversince1969,MoonDay________(celebrate)intheUnitedStatestomarkoneofthe________(great)achievementsinhumanhistory.

MoonDayis________(large)celebratedbyNASAandspaceofficials.Allkindsofeventsareorganizedacross________countrytomarkthisimportantevent.EveryonecancelebrateMoonDay________,hisorherownway.Onegreatwayistomakesureyoulookatthemoonthatday.Youcanalsobakecookiesandcut________(they)intotheshapeofthemoon.Besides,youcanconsider________(learn)somefactsaboutthemoon.GoingtothemoononGoogleMoonisagreatideatogetfamiliarwithournaturalmoon.

Itisreallyimportant________(educate)yourkidsaboutthehistoryofMoonDay.Inthisway,childrencanlearnaboutwhathappenedonJuly20,1969andunderstandthe________(important)ofthisevent.答案解析部分一、語法填空1.【答案】crowded【解析】句意：在擁擠的城市里，我父親寧愿步行也不愿坐公交車。形容詞修飾名詞作定語，故填crowded?！军c評】考查形容詞，本題涉及形容詞作定語。2.【答案】approaching【解析】句意：隨著春節(jié)的臨近,學生們開始談?wù)撍麄兊挠媱?。theSpringFestival與approach在邏輯上構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，此處作賓補，故填approaching?！军c評】考查非謂語動詞，本題涉及現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補。3.【答案】confused【解析】句意：我對中國人的餐桌禮儀感到很困惑。如果你能給我一些在晚宴上如何舉止得體的建議我會不勝感激。此句形容詞作表語，指人，故填confused。【點評】考查形容詞，本題涉及形容詞作表語。4.【答案】surrounded【解析】句意：他試圖逃跑，但當他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被包圍時放棄了。himself與surround在邏輯上構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，過去分詞表被動，此處作賓補，故填surrounded?！军c評】考查非謂語動詞，本題涉及過去分詞作賓補。5.【答案】rolling【解析】句意：他們向村民告別了，眼淚從他們的臉頰滾落。tears與roll在邏輯上構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，此處作賓補，故填rolling。【點評】考查非謂語動詞，本題涉及現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補。6.【答案】known【解析】句意：這是一個讓國際學生更好地了解中國文化的機會。theChineseculture和know在邏輯上構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，過去分詞表被動，此處作賓補，故填known?！军c評】考查非謂語動詞，本題涉及過去分詞作賓補。二、preparedsurroundedwrittenusedsaidinformedgoingheardwaitingbuilt三、Inorderto/Tobeaqualifiedvolunteeryouradvertisedpositionmentionedaboveselectedfromthewholecountryusinformedofyourselfrespectedmuchhomeworkunfinishedmademedisappointedthiskindofproductsadvertisedhavethemdelivered四、閱讀理解1.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A【解析】本文是一篇說明文，就如何計劃自己的旅行提出了幾點建議。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Save部分中的“Thisprobablyisthemostimportantpreparationfortravelling.”可知，節(jié)約也許是旅行最重要的準備，即首先考慮的是節(jié)約。故選C。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Gooffthebeatenpath部分中的“Touristcitiesmaybeexpensive.”旅游城市花費可能比較多，可知，作者建議去不很著名的地方，也就是不要去著名的地方。故選B。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Packnecessarythings部分中的“Yourtravelexperienceswillberememberedforalifetime.”可知，旅行的經(jīng)歷終生難忘，換言之，人們可以在旅行中獲得有價值的生活經(jīng)歷。故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)文章提到的幾點建議看，文章主要講述了如何明智地安排旅行。故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇旅游類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了美國人在外就餐時的一些風俗習慣。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ifyouaresittingatatablewithpeopleyoudon'tknow,itisimpolitetolightupacigarettewithoutaskingifitwilldisturbthem.”可知，如果坐在同一張桌子旁的人介意吸煙，美國人是不會吸煙的。故選D。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ifyoucan'tfinishyourmealbutwouldliketoenjoythefoodlater,askyourwaitressorwaiterfora‘doggiebag’.”可知當份量太大吃不完的時候，美國人通常會要一個打包袋把食物帶回家。故選C。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Atipofabout15%isexpectedandyoushouldleaveitonthetablewhenyouleave”可知，顧客離開時，小費應(yīng)該留在桌上。故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。3.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者在加拿大蒙特利爾的經(jīng)歷．那里寒冷的天氣、人們?nèi)霑r的服裝、美食、著名歷史景點等都給作者留下了深刻的印象。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“…wewereimmediatelywalking…”可知作者和他的朋友迫不及待地想探索蒙特利爾；根據(jù)第四段中的“Tohidefromthecold…”可以推知作者并不習慣那里的寒冷。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句可知蒙特利爾的人們非常注重著裝。D項文中未提及，故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“ButsincealmosttherestofCanadiansspeakEnglish,plentyofpeopleweretheretohelp.”可推知作者及朋友在餐館碰到的人非常友好且樂于助人。故選B。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Montrealisacitythatsitsbetweenthepastandthefuture…”可知，蒙特利爾既有往昔的風采，也有現(xiàn)代的氣息，故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B（4）A【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了達沃斯這個城市的興衰過程。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.”可知，NewYorkCity吸引早期定居者之處就是它靠近HudsonRiver河口，交通和貿(mào)易便利，所以是它的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。故選C。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.”可知，約五分之一的人發(fā)財了。故選B。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyletDawsoncityasquicklyastheyhadcome.”DawsonCity滿是失望的人們，他們沒有興趣定居下來，當聽說在Alaska發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的金礦時，他們離開了，和他們來的時候一樣迅速?？芍藗冸x開DawsonCity去Alaska碰運氣了。故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.”和最后一段中“…whentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.”以及“TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.”可知，文章主要講述了一座城市(DawsonCity)的興衰。故選A。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇歷史類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。五、任務(wù)型閱讀【答案】G；F；E；B；C【解析】本文是一篇說明文，怎樣成為一個鄰居都喜歡的人，作者給了幾點建議。（1）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講如果你想成為鄰居中一個可以接受和有價值的部分，最簡單的方法就是確保你的行為舉止像一個好鄰居。下文是具體做法，G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly.“這里有一些技巧，可以幫助你迅速贏得鄰居的信賴?！背猩蠁⑾?，故選G。（2）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段介紹和鄰居關(guān)系融洽最重要的是保持干凈整潔的戶內(nèi)戶外環(huán)境，F(xiàn).Peopletendtotakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.“人們往往會自豪于保持街上的一切新鮮和誘人”與本段意思一致，故選F。（3）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段主要建議要重視社區(qū)的整體面貌，出門拿上一個垃圾袋，E.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.“遇到從路過的汽車里扔出的廢紙，把它撿起來。”與上句連接，是舉例說明拿垃圾袋的作用。故選E。（4）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段是建議用鄰居可以接受的方式幫助他們，同時尊重鄰居的隱私。B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.“好鄰居就是喜歡在小的方面幫助別人的人”符合本段內(nèi)容，故選B。（5）考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。最后一段是總結(jié)，只要我們考慮周到，尊重他人，照顧好屬于自己的東西，為周圍的人感到自豪，很快就會成為一個大家都喜歡的好鄰居。C項中consideratebehavior是下文內(nèi)容的概括，故選C?！军c評】本題要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。六、完形填空【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）B；（4）A；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）D；（10）B；（11）B；（12）A；（13）D；（14）A；（15）D；（16）B；（17）B；（18）A；（19）C；（20）C；【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者去英國旅行的經(jīng)歷以及旅行過程中的所見所聞。（1）考查介詞。A;at“在”；B:to“去”；C:from“從”；D:for“為了”?！叭ビ穆眯小保磉_去哪兒旅行的概念用to。故選B。（2）考查形容詞。A：excited“興奮的”；B：terrified“恐懼的,受驚的,害怕的”；C：surprised“吃驚的”；D：disappointed“失望的”。根據(jù)上文，作者是第一次出國，肯定會覺得十分興奮，故選A。（3）考查名詞。A：trips“旅行”；B：places“地方”；C：roads“道路”；D：sights

“景色”。英國有很多有趣的地方，比如牛津和劍橋。故選B