高考重點(diǎn)：It的用法

高考語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)It用法總結(jié)一句型篇1.Itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+thatItwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.Itwaswithgreatjoy___hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.(2004福建)A.because

B.which

C.since

D.that

(D)2.Itisnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分+thatItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.Itwas___backhomeaftertheexperiment.(2004

湖北)A.notuntilmidnightdidhego

B.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewent

D.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo特殊疑問(wèn)句：Wh-/Howwas/isitthat…?

3.Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain)that….該句型中it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“清楚（顯然、真的、肯定）”是主語(yǔ)從句最常見(jiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)。Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.4.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural…)that…該句型和上一句同屬一個(gè)句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同，that后的從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形）should可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.5.Itissaid(reported,learned…)that…該句型中的it仍是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉……）ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.6.Itissuggested(ordered…)that…該句型和上一句屬一個(gè)句型。主句中的過(guò)去分詞是表示請(qǐng)求、建議、命令等詞時(shí)，that后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形）?？梢允÷?，常譯為“據(jù)建議；有命令……”Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.7.Itisapity(ashame…)that…在該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should+動(dòng)詞原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒(méi)有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass. 種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾。Itisapitythatheisill. 生病了，真遺憾！8.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that…該句型中that后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，值得注意的是：常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬，有時(shí)也用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should不能省。常譯為“是（正是）……的時(shí)候……”Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed. Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.9.Itisthefirst(second,…)timethat…該句型應(yīng)和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)。該句型中不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)。至于用哪種完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中that可以省去；it有時(shí)用this替換，常譯為“是第一（二,…）次…”。10.Itis…since…該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。主句中是時(shí)間作表語(yǔ)，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)和完成時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.Itisalmostfiveyears___wesaweachotherlasttime.(2005北京)

A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when11.Itis…when…該句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中的it指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。常譯為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，是……”Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.12.Itbe…before…該句型主句中的it指時(shí)間，主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)，主句中的表語(yǔ)多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示時(shí)間段的詞和短語(yǔ)。常譯為“…之后才”，“沒(méi)過(guò)……就……”Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillnotbelongbeforehefinisheshisjob.13.Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that…該句型中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，主句中的happen,seem等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞。Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.

(碰巧……)Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.

(看來(lái)……)TheForeignMinistersaid,“__ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2004北京)A.Thisis

B.Thereis

C.Thatis

D.Itis

14.Ittakessb…todosth.該句型中的不定式是真正的主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)。譯為“做……要花費(fèi)某人……”IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.15．Itisnogood(use)doingsth.該句型中的真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，主句中的表語(yǔ)可以是nogood(notanygood),nouse(notanyuse).ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.16.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…該句型中的引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語(yǔ)，該句型譯為“不論（是否）……沒(méi)關(guān)系……Itdoesn’tmatterwhethertheyareold.17．Itiskind(ofsb)todosth.該句型中的不定式短語(yǔ)是真正主語(yǔ)，如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是由of引出，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語(yǔ)的形容詞。常見(jiàn)的有：bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolishgood(好心的),honest,A.That

BIt

C.This

D.Which8.Theparentswillneverforgetthat_____thedoctor__hadsavedtheirchild’slife.A.Itis;that

B.Itwas;thatc.Thatis;when

D.Itwas;when

9._____abouthalfpastten______wegottothestation.A.Itis;that

B.Itwas;that

C.Thatis;when

D.Itwas;when10.Weconsider___ourdutyhelpinghim.A.it

B.that

C.which

D.that答案:1-5BDBDA

6-10

BBBDA

二用法篇一、代替上文中提到過(guò)的人或事物。指代人時(shí)，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。1)－Whoisthebaby?－It’smyteacher’sson．2)－Whoisthatgentleman?－It'smyfriendTom．He(不可用It)wantstoseeyou．不定代詞one指代前文提到的同類事物之一，而it特指上文中提到的同一事物。試對(duì)比：Thispairofshoesissmall.MayIhaveanotherone？（泛指的另一雙）這又鞋子太小了，再拿一雙給我看看好嗎Mypenismissing.Ican’tfindit.我的鋼筆丟了找不到了(it指mypen)1.Iwasdisappointedwiththefilm.Ihadexpected______tobemuchbetter.(93)A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it2.—Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow_____?—No,I’dratherbuy_____inthebookstore.A.it;one B.one;one C.one;it D.it;It二.it作為無(wú)人稱動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)，表示天氣，時(shí)間，距離，環(huán)境情況等等。這時(shí)的it不指某個(gè)具體的東西。沒(méi)有明確的含義。譯成漢語(yǔ)可不必譯出來(lái)。如1).It’shalfanhour’swalkfromheretoourschool．從這兒到我們學(xué)校是步行一個(gè)小時(shí)的路程2)It’sniceandwarmhere．這里非常暖和3)Butit'stwoo'clocknow,andit'stimeforustogotoschool．兩點(diǎn)了該是上學(xué)的時(shí)間了4)It’squitecloseintheroom.Let’sopenthewindowforawhile。房間里太悶，把窗子打開(kāi)一會(huì)兒吧。三.“It”可以代替指示代記詞This,that.例：---Whosedictionaryisthat?---Itismine3----Isn'tthatAnn'shusbandoverthere?----No,it___behim.I'msurehedoesn'twearglasses.(2004.全國(guó).29)A.can'tB.mustnotC.won'tD.maynot4----Doyoulike_____here?----Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.(2004.全國(guó).32)A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it5.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(2002.全國(guó).25)A.theyB.itC.oneD.which17Idon'tthink___possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.(90)

A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it18Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings_____youcanfindthemagain.(1999.18)

A.whenB.whereC.thenD.there19.Thechairmanthought_____necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.(2005.全國(guó)II卷.35)A．thatB．itC．thisD．him20Hedidn’tmake___clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.（2007高考天津卷1）A.thisB.thatC.itD.these21AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade___herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople’saffairsinthattown.（06高考湖南26）A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it四、主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it+從句在Ilike/love/enjoy/hate…itwhen…這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中,it是形式賓語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)是when從句所描述的某種情形。值得注意的是,這種情況與我們所熟悉的it作形式賓語(yǔ)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是不同的,因?yàn)樵谒鬀](méi)有形容詞或名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。又如:Ihateitwhenyoucan’tdiscussthingsopenly.

Ilikeitthateveryonepassedtheexam.

22Ihate_____whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.(1998.8)A.itB.thatC.theseD.them23Ilike_____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2004.全國(guó).27)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one24I’dappreciate___ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.（2006山東24）A.thatB.itC.thisD.you=3\*Arabic3．主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+介詞+it+從句如：I’llseetoitthat（注意做到）everythingisreadyintime.CanIdependonit（相信）thatthiswon’ttakeplaceagain?4．主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it+介詞短語(yǔ)+從句Itookitforgrantedthattheywerenotcoming.五、it用于某些句語(yǔ)中，it常用作某些動(dòng)詞的含糊賓語(yǔ)。例如：Ican’thelpit.=Itcan’tbehelped.我無(wú)能為力.It’sthesamewithsb./Soitiswithsb.某人的情況也是一樣.makeit規(guī)定時(shí)間，做到,成功。Asitis/was事實(shí)上。believeitornot信不信由你takeiteasy別著急，慢慢來(lái)Italldepends看情況而定例：IfIcanhelp___Idon’tlikeworkinglateintonight.（2006全國(guó)卷26）A.soB.thatC.itD.them選C.IfIcanhelpit意為“如果我有辦法?！北硎居修k法做某事或有辦法控制某個(gè)局面。JustasProfessorScottioften____it,successisninety-ninepercentmentalattitude.（09安徽25）A.getsB.makesC.putsD.means綜合練習(xí)1WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar____hedied？(NMET88)A．that B．while C．inwhich D．then2．Is____possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship？(NMET88)A．now B．that C．it D．Man3.Idon'tthink___possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork．(NMET90)A.his B.that C.its D.It.4.Does___matterifhecan’tfinishthejobontime?(NMET91)A.this B.that C.he D.it5.Itwasnot___shetookoffherdarkglasses___Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.(NMET91)A.when,that B.until,that C.until,when D.when,then6.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggrey.([NMET92]A.what B.that C.if D.for7.---Whatwasthepartyline?---Wonderful.It’syears___Ienjoyedmyselftomuch.(NMET93)A.after B.before C.when D.since8.Tom’smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but___didn’thelp.(NMET93)A.he B.which C.she D.it9.__isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET94)A.There B.This C.That D.It10.Itwasabout600yearsago___thefirstclockwithfaceandanhourhandwwasmade(NMET97)A．that B．until C．before D．when11.______computersplaysuchanimportantpartinourdailylife?A.Whyisitthat B.Whyitisthat C.Whywasitthat D. Whyisit12.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently___Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty．(NMET98)A．until B．that C．then D．so13.Ihate____whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull,(NMET98)Ait B．that C．these D．them14．Oxford,asweknow___,isonethebestuniversitiesintheworld.A.that B.it C.this D.不填.15.ItwasthethirdtimeI____tothatcity.A.havebeen Bhadbeen C.came D.was.16.Whenwasit____youarrivedinNewYork?A.that B.atwhich C.before D.Since.17.Itwas____ImetMr.GreeninShanghai.A.tenyearssince B.fiveyears C.twomonthswhen D.manyyearsagothat18.Jackisill,haveyouheardabout____?A.that B.this C.it D.which19.___whosuggestedthathe____toNewYorkinordertogetadirectfight.A.Itwasher…went B.Itwasher…goC.Itwasshe…wentD.Itwasshe…go20.___hasalreadybeenpointedout,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.A.As B.It C.That D.This三區(qū)別篇一、替代詞it,that與one的區(qū)別it表特指，替代前文中出現(xiàn)過(guò)的同一名詞；替代前文中出現(xiàn)過(guò)的同類名詞時(shí)，用that和one。that表特指，相當(dāng)于“the+名詞”，可代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞（只指物不指人），one用于泛指，相當(dāng)于“a/an+名詞”，只代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞（可表示人也可表示物）。1.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave_____.(1995.22)

A.itB.thoseC.themD.one2.----Whydon'twetakealittlebreak?----Didn’twejusthave_____?(2000.23)A．itB．thatC．oneD．this3.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,________Iwillalwaystreasure.(2002.全國(guó).35)A.thatB.oneC.itD.what4.Weneededanewcupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermade_____fromsomewoodwehad.(2004.廣西.24)A.itB.oneC.himselfD.another5.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems—infactfarmoreserious_______thanmobilephonesdo.(2005江西卷)A．one

B．ones

C．it

D．those6.We’vebeenlookingatthehousesbuthaven’tfound_____welikeyet.（2005浙江卷）

A．one

B．ones

C．it

D．them

7.IpreferaflatinInvernessto______inPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmyMom's.（2005天津卷）

A.one

B.that

C.it

D.this8.Iadmiredthepainting,andEdsaidhewouldlikemetohave____asagiftfromhim.(08高考延考區(qū).6)A.one B.it C.this D.some9.Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront.butIdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuy____.（09四川）A.oneB.itC.thisD.that二、it對(duì)關(guān)系代詞as的干擾1._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(2002.全國(guó).34)A.itB.AsC.ThatD.What2.____isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.(2004.北京.34)A.itB.AsC.ThatDWhat以上兩題考察了as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,若選that,句子應(yīng)分別為：Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.Itisreportedinthenewspapersthattalksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.對(duì)比：Whatisknowntoeverybodyisthatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.三、it對(duì)關(guān)系代詞which的干擾1.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,______personallyIdoubtverymuch.(NMET1999)A.itB.thatC.whenD.which此題中which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,代指主句的整個(gè)內(nèi)容。若用it,則該句為:2.Carolsaidtheworkw