酒店消防培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（Hotel fire training content）

酒店消防培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容（Hotelfiretrainingcontent）ChapterIfiresafetyresponsibility1.Thepersonresponsibleforfirecontrolsafetyshallbesetupinaccordancewiththelaw,andthefiresafetyadministratorshallbeestablished(a),(_yi1__)firesafetyresponsibilityTheprincipalresponsiblepersonofthelegalrepresentativeortheillegalpersonorunitofalegalentityistheunitresponsibleforfirecontrolsafety,andisfullyresponsibleforthefiresafetyworkoftheunit,anditsmainfiresafetyresponsibilities:1.,theimplementationoffirelawsandregulations,toprotecttheunitfiresafetycompliancewithregulations,mastertheunit'sfiresafetysituation.2.,coordinatethefirecontrolworkwiththeproduction,research,operationandmanagementoftheunit,videthenecessaryfundsandorganizationalguaranteeforthefiresafetyoftheunit.4.,determinethefiresafetyresponsibility,anizefirepreventioninspection,supervisetheimplementationoffirehazardsrectification,andpromptlydealwithmajorissuesrelatedtofiresafety.6.,accordingtofirelawsandregulations,theestablishmentoffull-timefirebrigade,anizetheformulationoffireextinguishingandemergencyevacuationplansinaccordancewiththeactualconditionsoftheunit,andcarryoutexercises.(two)firesafetyadministrator;Unitscanbedeterminedaccordingtothemanagementoffirecontrolsafetyoftheunit'sactualneeds,intheunitoffiresafetyresponsibilityundertheleadershipofthespecificorganizationandimplementationofthefiresafetymanagement,inaccordancewiththeunitoffiresafetyresponsibilitiesauthorizeddirectlytotheunitresponsibleforfiresafety.Theresponsibilitiesoffiresafetymanagementpersonnelare:1.drawupannualfireprotectionplan,organizeandimplementdailyfiresafetymanagement.2.,organizetheformulationoffiresafetysystemandguaranteefiresafetyoperationrules,andcheckandurgethemtoimplement.3.,drawupfundsforfiresafetywork,anizetheimplementationoftheunitfirecontrolfacilities,fireextinguishingequipmentandfiresafetysignsmaintenance,ensurethatitisingoodconditionandeffective,anizeandcarryoutpropaganda,educationandtrainingoffirefightingknowledgeandskillsamongemployees,andorganizetheimplementationanddrillsoffirefightingandemergencyevacuationplans.8.unitsfiresafetyresponsibilityentrustedbyotherfiresafetymanagementwork.(three)thepersoninchargeoffirecontrolsafetyandthefirecontrolauthorityoftheunit:Firesafetyresponsibleperson:Firesafetymanager:Thesecondchapter,firepreventionpropagandaeducation,firepreventioninspectionandfirehazardrectificationsystem(1)firepreventionpublicityandeducationsystem;Thissystemshouldincludethefollowingcontents:tounits,departmentsandpostsofthethreeleveleducationfornewworkers,namelyprefiretraining,full-time,ondutyfirefightersandfiresafetymanagementpersonneltoconductregularfiretraining,focusonwork,importantpositionssuchasspecialstafftocarryoutfireknowledgeeducationspecial.(two)firepreventioninspectionandfirehazardrectificationsystem;1,thesystemshouldincludethefollowingcontent:theimplementationofsequentialinspectionsystem,thegeneralistheunitleadershipquarterormonthcheckcheck,check,orpostdepartmentweekteamdailychecking;provisionstocheckthecontentsoftheinspectionbasisandstandards;forseasons,holidays,professionalregularfireinspection;professionalinspectiondepartments,theunitcheckedshouldbesenttoparticipatein,andtaketheinitiativetoprovideinformationanddata,testresultsshouldberecorded;thehiddentroubleoffirehazardstonature;significantrisks,risks,generalsafetyproblemsorunsafefactors,tosolvemeasurestorectificationresponsiblepersonandtherectificationperiod;inspectionfoundfirehazardsrectificationtheimmediaterectification,therectificationofthemomentcannotbereported,formulaterectificationplan,implementrectificationmeasures,theresponsibleperson,afterrectification,rectificationshouldbereportedtothefiredepartmentDooracceptance.2,theprovisionsofkeyunitspatrol1timesaday,andaskedtoidentifyinspectionpersonnel,content,locationandfrequency;publicgatheringplacesofbusinessevery2hoursinspection1times,businessattheendofacomprehensiveexamination;hospitals,nursinghomes,kindergartens,boardingschoolstostrengthenthenightpatrol(three)managementsystemoffireandelectricityconsumption;Thissystemshouldincludethefollowingcontents:todeterminetheuseoffireandelectricityandgasmanagement;divisionoffireoperationlevelandfireapprovalauthorityandprocedures;innosmokingcouldnothandlethefirehotworkprocedures,nofireoperationwithoutauthorization;thefireandexplosiondangerousplacesandequipment,safetymeasuresshouldbecarriedoutbeforethefire;provisionsoffiresmokingandtherequirementsforfire;distributionequipment,electricalwiring,electricalandelectricappliancesinstallation,operationandmaintenanceandotheraspectsofthefireregulationsetc..(four)firepreventionsystemforinflammableandexplosivechemicaldangerousarticles;Thissystemshouldincludethefollowingprovisions:thescopeofflammableandexplosivegoods;specificfireitemsstoredinthespecifiedrequirements;Lingyogoodsformalities;usegoodsunitstopostfixed,fixed,fixedquantity,containerandfirepreventionmeasures;thepointofuseshouldbeobvioussignsoffire.(five)fireprotectionfacilitiesandequipmentmaintenancemanagementsystem;Thissystemshouldincludethefollowingcontents:fireprotectionfacilitiesandequipmentshallnotbeused,shallnotbedamaged;thefirehydrantshallnotoccupyandburied;automaticfirefacilitiesconstructionshouldberegulartestingandmaintenance;equipmentfailureshouldbepromptlyreplaced.(six)5fireprotectionobligationsand12fireprotectionresponsibilitiesofcitizensandunits1,anyunitorindividualhastheobligationtosafeguardfiresafety,protectfireprotectionfacilities,preventfireandreportfire.Anyunitoradulthastheobligationtotakepartinorganizedfirefighting(5obligations)2,anyunitorindividualshallnotdamage,misappropriationorunauthorizedremoval,stopusingfirecontrolfacilitiesanddevices,andshallnotbury,occupy,shelterorfirehydrant,occupyfirepreventionspace,shallnotbeoccupied,cloggingevacuationroutesclosed,safetyexit,firechannel.Doorsandwindowsindenselypopulatedplacesshallnotbeequippedwithobstructions(12responsibilities)thataffectescapeandfirefightingandrescueThethirdchapter,fireaccidentinvestigationandtreatmentreportingsystem,firecontrolroomdutysystemThissystemshouldinclude(ben3zhi4du4Ying1Bao1kuo4)thefollowingcontents:theimplementationofthe"threeno"principle,whichdidnotidentifythecauseofthefirehasnotbeenspared,responsibleforprocessingandthemasseshavenotbeensparednoeducation,preventivemeasuresandimprovementmeasuresoff;intheunitoffiresafetyresponsibilityundertheleadershipofthepeople,bythefiresupervisionorganizationoftherelevantdepartmentsandpersonneltotracethecauseofthefire,theresponsibilityofhandling,putforwardmeasurestopreventorimprovesafety.FirecontrolroomdutysystemThissystemshouldincludethefollowingcontents:responsibilities,tasksandrequirementsofstaffonduty,maintenance,operation,testregulationsandmanagementofbuildingautomaticfireequipment,personnelonduty24hoursondutyturnsystem,recording,faultdisposaletc..ThefourthchapterfiresafetymanagementThefiresafetymanagement,istofollowthedevelopmentofthenationaleconomyandtheobjectivelawoffiredevelopmentrule,accordingtotherelevantguidelines,policies,principlesandlegalregulationsandsystem,usingtheprincipleandmethodsofmanagementscience,throughtheplanning,organization,command,coordination,control,rewardsandpunishmentsandotherfunctions,isthecompetentdepartmentofhumanresourcesandfinancialresources,material,technology,timeandinformationtodothebestcombination,allkindsoffireprotectionactivitiescarriedouttoachievetheexpectedgoaloffiresafety.I.theformoffiresafetymanagementFiresafetymanagementisdividedintotwoforms:firesafetymanagementandfiresafetygeneralmanagement.Unitsshouldbebasedontheirowncircumstances,clearwhatkindofmanagementform.Achievereasonablepositioningoffiremanagement.Onlyaccuratepositioning,inordertotrulycomprehensive,inaccordancewiththecircumstancesofunits,totakeappropriatemeasurestoimplementeffectivemanagement.Implementkeymanagementoffiresafety,includingmanagementofkeyunitsoffiresafetyandmanagementofkeypartsoffiresafety.Thepurposeistohighlightthemainaspectsoffiremanagementallkindsofcontradictionsintherelationship,toavoidtheconfused,Overgeneralization.Practicehasprovedthattheimplementationoffiresafetymanagementisthekeyunitstostrengthentheirownfiresafetymanagement,animportantmeanstopreventQunsiqunshangfirecatastrophicaccidentshappenmeasures,Itisabasicexperienceandeffectivemethodformedbythesocialfireprotectionworkformanyyears.(1)determinationofkeyunitsforfirecontrolsafety:Theso-calledfiresafetykeyunits,simplyspeaking,isafirehazard,firecausedbythelossoflarge,heavycasualties,theimpactoflargeunits.(two)firesafetyresponsibilityoffiresafety(_er_xiaoFangan)allkeyunitsshouldperform1,shouldbuild(_ying1,dang1,jian4)standingfireprotectionarchivesFireprotectionarchivesreferstotheinformationanddocumentsrelatingtofiresafetycontentsestablishedbythekeyfirecontrolunitsaccordingtolaw.Firesafetykeyunitsshouldsetupandimprovefirepreventionarchives.Thearchivesshallincludethebasicsituationoffiresafetyandthemanagementoffiresafety.2,thekeypartsoffiresafetyshouldbedeterminedFiresafetykeypartsisthekeyunitoffiresafety,personnel,materials,easytofireorfireafterthecarpartsandplacestheNanbureau.Unitsshouldbepronetofire,oncethefiremayseriouslyendangerpersonalsafetyandpropertyoffiresafetyhaveasignificantimpactonthesiteidentifiedaskeypartsoffiresafety,settingupclearsignsoffire,strictmanagement.3,firesafetytrainingforstaffThefirelawmustbethekeyunitoffiresafetyfiresafetytrainingforemployees,toimprovestaffawarenessoffiresafetyandfiresafetyknowledge,jobknowledgeandfirefightingskills,improvetheabilityofresistingthefireofthekeyunitoffiresafety.Firesafetykeyunitsshouldcarryoutfiresafetytrainingforeachworkeratleastonceayear,andfiretrainingforstaffatthepublicgatheringplaceshouldbeatleastonceahalfyear.Newpostsfornewpostsmustbetrainedbeforefire.Unitoffiresafetyeducationandtraining,thecontentsinclude:operatingproceduresfortherelevantfireregulations,firesafetysystemandfiresafetyprotection;theunit,thepositionofthefirehazardandfirepreventionmeasures,fireprotectionfacilities,usageoffireextinguisher,firealarm,firecontrolandescapeself-helpknowledgeandskill.(three)specificcontentsoffiresafetymanagement;Thespecificcontentsoffiresafetymanagementincludethecontentsoffiresafetyandthecontentsoffiresafetymanagement.Amongthem,thebasiccontentofthefiresafetyfocusonstatic,isusuallyembodiedinthemaster,thelegalcontentoffiresafetymanagement;focusonthemove,usuallycheck,implementandrecordthespecificcontentoftheimplementationofthestatutory.(four)principlesoffiresafetymanagement;1,theprincipleofcombiningspecializedgroupsThecombinationofspecialgroupsisthecombinationofspecializedorgansandthemassline.2,accordingtolawmanagementprinciplesAccordingtolaw,itistosuperviseandcontrolthefireaffairsaccordingtothelaws,regulations,regulations,technicalstandardsandnormsissuedbythestatelegislaturesandtheadministrativeorgans.Fa3(Yi1)managementisdeterminedbythedestructivenatureoffireandthemandatorydecisionsofmanagementandsupervision.3,whoisinchargeofwhoisresponsiblefortheprincipleWhoisinchargeofwhoisresponsible,thatis,thedailyfiresafetyworkshouldberesponsiblefortheunititself,nounitcantakeover,instead.Thecoreoffiresafetymanagementistodefinefirepreventionresponsibilityandimplementfirepreventionresponsibility.Whoisinchargewhoisresponsibleforthemeaningis:whoisinchargeof(shui2zhu3Guan3shui2fu4ze2DE0HAN2YI4SHI4_shui2zhu3Guan3)whichwork,whoisresponsibleforthefiresafetyworkinwhichtheconcretecanbesummarizedas:aregion,asystem,aunitresponsibleforfiresafetyworkfromthisareaofthesystem,theunit;unitofthelegalrepresentativeorleaderisresponsibleforfiresafetyofcourse,shallbefullyresponsibleforthefiresafetywork;inchargeofotherworkandleadershipinthebusinesssector,tothechargeofthebusinesswithinthescopeofthefirecontrolworkresponsibility;post,leadershipteamtofiresafetyworkoftheposttheteamisresponsiblefor.4,toensurethatkeyprinciplesThefocusoffireprotectionworkisthekeyindustriesandsystems,keyunits,keyparts,keypositions,keyseasonandkeytime,etc..ThefifthchapterfiresafetyinspectionI.firepreventioninspectionOrgans,groups,enterprisesandinstitutionsshallconductfirepreventioninspectionsatleastonceaquarter,andotherunitsshallconductfirepreventioninspectionsonceamonth.Thecontentsoftheexaminationinclude:(1)therectificationoffirehazardsandtheimplementationofpreventivemeasures.(two)safeevacuationpassage,evacuationsign,emergencylightingandsafetyexit.(three)fireengines,passagesandfirewatersources.(_mie4)fireextinguishingequipmentconfigurationandqi4HUO3Cai2pei4zhi4ji2you3Qing2kuang4Xiao4(_si4)(five)whetherfireorelectricityisavailableornot.(six)firecontrolknowledgeofkeytypesofpersonnelandotherstaff.(seven)managementofkeypartsoffiresafety.(eight)implementationoffireandexplosionpreventionmeasuresforinflammableandexplosivedangerousgoodsandplaces,andfiresafetyofotherimportantmaterials.(nine)thesituationoffirecontrol(controlroom)ondutyandtheoperationandrecordoffacilities.(ten)firepatrols.(eleven)theestablishment,conditionandeffectivenessoffiresafetysigns.(twelve)othercontentsthatneedtobeexamined.(thirteen)theexaminationrecordshallbefilledoutinthefirepreventionexamination,andthepersoninchargeofinspectionandthepersoninchargeoftheinspectiondepartmentshallsignontheinspectionrecord.Two,fireinspectionFiresafetykeyunitsshallcarryoutdailyfireinspections,anddeterminethepersonnel,content,locationandfrequencyofinspections.Thecontentsinclude:(1)whetherthereisanyviolationofelectricityorfire;(two)whethertheexitofthesafetyexitandtheescapepassageareunblocked,whethertheevacuationsignissafeornot,andwhethertheemergencylightingisingoodcondition.(three)whetherthefirefightingfacilities,equipmentandfiresafetysignsareinplaceandcomplete.(four)whetherthenormallyclosedfiredoorisinaclosedstateornot,whetherornotthegoodsarepiledupunderthefireshutter.(five)personnelinthekeypartsoffiresafety.(six)otherfiresafetyconditions.(_liu_qiTAXiaoFanganQuanQingKuang_)Firepreventioninspectionsatpublicgatheringsitesshouldbelimitedtoonceeverytwohours.Thesixthchapteristhedefinitionoffire(Huo,Zai)(1)thefiremeansoutofcontrolintimeorspacecausedbythecombustionoffiredamage,theformmustbeinthecombustibleairatacertaintemperaturewillbeformed,threelackacanformafire.(2)mostofthefireisaZaiDaduoShuYiZhongHuiXian(she)society,themaincauseofthefirecanbeputintheasthefollowingaspects:Shi(_huo):A,humanunsafebehavior(includingarson);B,theunsafestateofmatter;DefectsinCandprocesstechnology.WeiDebuquanXingWei(Shian)isthemostimportantfactorinhumanunsafebehavior(ErRen).(3)thepossiblefireinroomisasfollows:A,guests(_binKe)drunkinthebedsidesmoking,accidentallyfellonthebed.Band_bin1puttheircigarettebuttsinthegarbagebox,butthecigarettebuttsdidn'tdieout.C,theguest'schildrenareplayingwithfireintheroom.D,_keJiedeDian,Qi,Chang,Jiu,Shi,Yong,Lou,Dian,Chu,Dao,,Fang,flammablematerials.(4)fireisthebiggestfatalwoundinthehotel,althoughitsincidenceisverylow,buttheconsequenceisserious.Itwillbringdoublelosstothehotel.(5)theworkingprincipleoffirecontrol;PreventionfirstandcombinationofpreventionandeliminationTheseventhchapterisaboutthebasicknowledgeofmaterialcombustionFirst,thenatureandconditionsofcombustion(I)combustionessence1,combustionisexothermicchemicalreactions.Combustionisanexothermicreaction,usuallyaccompaniedbyflame,light,orsmoke.Asubstancethatiscompletelydifferentinnaturefromthatofasubstanceduringcombustion.A,woodcombustionisexothermicluminescencephenomenonB,limeisanexothermicchemicalreactionwhenwatermeets,notburningC、碳酸氫鈉與硫酸鋁混合（_tan蒜青于娜劉蒜LV是一種不放熱不發(fā)光的化學(xué)反應(yīng)不是燃燒渾河）。2、燃燒與氧化燃燒是一種復(fù)雜的化學(xué)反應(yīng)。這種化學(xué)反應(yīng)實(shí)際上是劇烈的氧化反應(yīng)。物質(zhì)燃燒是可燃物質(zhì)與氧或其他氧化劑進(jìn)行反應(yīng)的結(jié)果，但由于氧化速度不同，或成為燃燒，或成為一般的氧化反應(yīng)。3、鏈鎖反應(yīng)理論鏈鎖反應(yīng)也稱為鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)，即在瞬間進(jìn)行曲的循環(huán)憐續(xù)反應(yīng)。游離基又稱自由基，是化合物或單質(zhì)分子中的共價(jià)鍵在外界（如光、熱）的影響下分裂而成的含有不成對(duì)價(jià)電子的原子或原子團(tuán)。鏈鎖反應(yīng)機(jī)理大致分為三段：（1）鏈引發(fā)：即生成游離基，使鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)開始。生成的方法有熱分解法、光化法、放射線照射法、氧化還原法、催化法等。（2）鏈傳遞：游離基作用于其他參與反應(yīng)的化合物時(shí)，產(chǎn)生新的游離基。（3）鏈終止：即游離基的消失，使鏈鎖反應(yīng)終止。終止的原因，一向是由于雜質(zhì)影響，仰止劑摻入或游離基撞擊器壁等。（二）燃燒條件1、燃燒所必備的條件（1）可燃物：不論固體、液體、氣體，凡能與空氣中的氧或其他氧化劑起劇烈反應(yīng)的物質(zhì)，一般都稱為可燃物質(zhì)。如木材、紙張、汽油、酒精、氫氣、乙炔、鈉、鎂等。（2）助燃物：凡能幫助和支持燃燒的物質(zhì)都叫助燃物。如空氣、氧、氯、溴、氯酸鉀、高錳酸鉀、過氧化鈉等。（3）著火源：凡能引起可燃物質(zhì)燃燒的熱能叫著火源。最常見的有明火焰、赤熱體、火星和電火花等。上述三個(gè)條件在燃燒過程中缺一不（尚書三葛條建在跑燒鍋城中闕一步）可，統(tǒng)稱燃燒三要素。一個(gè)、一定濃度和數(shù)量的可燃物。即可燃物與氧有一定的數(shù)量比例。如在室溫20度條件下，由火柴可點(diǎn)燃汽油，而不能點(diǎn)燃煤油，原因是：此室溫下，煤油揮發(fā)的氣體量不夠，液體燃燒并不是液體本身在燃燒而是液體的蒸汽或揮發(fā)的氣體在燃燒。B、足夠的助然劑。一般可燃物質(zhì)在空氣中的含氧量低于16%的條件下（DE0鍵tiao2柳下惠），就不能發(fā)生燃燒。物質(zhì)名稱含氧量%物質(zhì)名稱含氧量%汽油14.4%乙醚12%乙醇15%橡膠屑13%煤油15%棉花8%丙酮13%氫氣5.9%C、一定溫度和足夠熱量的著火源。雖然有超過燃點(diǎn)的溫度但熱量不夠，也不能引導(dǎo)起燃燒。如從煙囪冒出來的火星，溫度達(dá)到600度，（杜_(tái)）已經(jīng)超過一般可燃物的燃點(diǎn)，只能點(diǎn)燃柴草和刨花上，但不能點(diǎn)燃大塊木頭上；如電線短路熔珠，溫度達(dá)1000度，能點(diǎn)燃紙張、布匹等松散狀態(tài)可燃物質(zhì)，但不能點(diǎn)燃整塊木頭，能量不夠。D、三個(gè)要素相互作用。如每一個(gè)辦公場(chǎng)所，都具備燃燒的三要素，只要未相互發(fā)生作用，就不會(huì)發(fā)生火災(zāi)。2、滅火的基本方法：（一）隔離法：就是將火源處與其周圍的可燃物質(zhì)隔離或移開，燃燒會(huì)因隔離可燃物而停止。如將火源附近的可燃、易燃、易爆和助燃物品搬走；關(guān)閉可燃?xì)怏w、液體管路的閥門，以減少和阻止可燃物質(zhì)進(jìn)入燃燒區(qū)；設(shè)法阻攔流散的液體；拆除與火源毗憐的易燃建筑物等。(b)asphyxiation:topreventairfromflowingintothecombustionzoneortodilutetheairwithnonflammablematerialandtoextinguishwithoutsufficientoxygen.Suchastheuseofnoncombustibleordifficulttocoverupthecombustioncombustion;steamorinertgasfillingcontainerequipment;holesclosedfirebuildingandequipment;thegasburningornoncombustibleliquidontotheburningobject,orcoveredwithfoamcombustionsurfacesoitisnotthefreshairwasasphyxia.(c):isthecoldmilkVIIIfireextinguishingagentisinjecteddirectlyintothecombustion,toreducecombustiontemperatureonignition,thecombustionwillstop;ortothefireextinguishingagentsprayedonnearbyobjects,fromtheflameradiationthreat,toavoidtheformationofanewfirepoint.(coldmilk8isthemainmethodoffire)(d)inhibitionmethod:tomakeout(jiu4SHI4shi3mie4)fireagentincombustionprocessinthecombustionprocess,freeradicalsgeneratedfreeradicalsdisappear,soastoformastablemolecularorlowactivity,tostopthecombustionreaction.3,fireandheatTheflameiscomposedofthreedifferentparts,namelyinnercore,innerandouterflame.flameConeAconewithinaflamenearthewickFlameInthebrightflamesurroundedbyexternalconepartOuterflameSurroundedbytheinnerpartoftheoutsidealmostnolightFour,combustiontype(I)flashoverAtacertaintemperature,flammableandcombustibleliquids(includingasmallamountofsolidvaporcanevaporate,suchasparaffin,camphorandnaphthalene)vaporgeneratedonthesurface,canachievethisconcentration:whenmixedwithair,onceafireoccurs,aburningout.Thisflashofcombustioniscalledflashover.Whyflammableandflammableliquidswillflash,thatis,theburningout?Forflammableandcombustibleliquidsinflashevaporationtemperature,speedisnottoofast,thevaporevaporationfromaflashcombustion,andcanaddnewsteamtomaintainastablecombustion,sothecombustionisextinguished.(two)fire;Whetheritissolid,liquidorgaseouscombustiblematerial,suchasairandexisttogether,toreachacertaintemperature,contactwithfireisburning,andthefireisremoved,stillcancontinuetoburn,burnuntilthecombustiblematerial,theburningphenomenon,calledfire.(three)spontaneouscombustionSpontaneouscombustionisdividedintozi4ran2Fen1Wei4shou4RE4zi4ran2andspontaneouscombustionitself.(four)explosion;1,broadlyspeaking,thematerialfromastateofrapidchangetoanotherstate,andinaninstantintheformofmechanicalreleaseenergy,gas,orvaporinaninstantthedramaticexpansionofthephenomenonknownastheexplosion.1.1.Anyexplosionthatoccursinaninstantandproduceslargeamountsofheatandgasandisspreadbyagreatpressureiscalledexplosion.2,fire,theexplosionisdividedintophysicalexplosionandchemicalexplosiontwo.3,theexplosionmusthavethefollowingelements:Bi(_gouChengBaoZhaXuyouRuXiaSu_ke)Yaofuelandcombustionmixtureinadvance,mixing;veryfastchange;producealotofheat;generatelargeamountsofgas.Theeighthchapterbeginswiththebasicknowledgeoffirefighting(1)extinguishing(_yi1,_mie4)fireatfirst;1,drypowderandcarbondioxideextinguisher(portable)methodofuse.Extractionoffireextinguishers;pressthebolt;holdthenozzle;pressthehandlewith(handle);directinjectioncombustionalignmentmaterial.Attentionshouldbepaidtotheuse:(1)don'tbe_bu4yao4Bei4Yan1(mi2)5m,ascloseaspossibletothefirearoundthejet;(2)outdoorshouldstandinwindwarddirection.(_shi4,wai4,yao4,zhan4,__shun4,Yu2,shang4,Feng1,Fang1,xiang4,etc)wind)(3)usethefireextinguisherseveraltimesbeforeuse,sothatthepowderinthecylinderisloosened;(4)two(_er)carbondioxideextinguisher,holdpressure,repeatedinjection(burst);(5)graspthetimeofpossibleinjection.2,indoorfirehydrantusemethodPresstheDong(anXiaDianelectric)switchtostartthefirepump,Openwaterremovingplugvalve,pull(shop),firehose,drainwater.Attentionshouldbepaidtotheoperation:(1)selecthydrant(nearfirepoint);(2)pressthefirepumpbuttonandstartthefirepump;(3)pulloutandsetthehose,donotbendortwist.Pointsforattentioninuse:Pressthefirebutton;thevalveopentothemaximumposition;don'tbend,windinghose,toavoidwaterdifficulties;controlhydrantwatertime;intheabsenceofwaterwhennecessary,thevalveshouldbeclosedimmediately,topreventorreducewaterdamage.3,startingfirerescuetrainingEssentials(I)policetrainingImplementationEssentialsFire(HUO3,zai1)placeAsubstancethatfiresSpreadrangeNumberandplaceofpersonnelneededtoevacuateInformthepeoplearoundthefireMeasurestakenincaseoffire,contactwithpossibleplacesforspreadingandvictimizationCallthefiredepartment(determinethecontentsofthealarm)AlarmandalarmcontentInformthebuildingoftheoccurrenceoffireConnectionwithinbuildingsUseemergencyradio(two)firefightingtraining;ImplementationEssentialsTheplacewherethefireoccurredandthematerialburnedinitZaiDing(sheHuofire)toexpandthescopeofexpansion,thenumberofpeoplewhoneedevacuationLocation,trappedpersonsFirefightingactivitiesTheactofextinguishingfire,asspecifiedonthebasisofactualoperationFireextinguishingequipmentBuildfirecompartment(closeandlockfiredoor),GouZhuFangHuo(fire),zoning,fire,rollingshuttersandotherfirebarriers,formingfirepreventionSmokeseparation(three)safetyevacuationtraining;ImplementationEssentialsFire(FAShengHuo)system,thewholeburningmaterial,Determinetheextentofthefirespread,thenumberandlocationofthetrappedpersonsTheevacuationinstructionsareconductedthroughemergencybroadcaststoensureproperandtimelyevacuationFireattheentrance,attheentrance,atthecornerofthepassageConfiguretheguidedoor,fireshutteratthemouthofthelock,configuresafeevacuationGuidetocarryoutguidedevacuationNoelevator,nofireliftOpensafetyexit,safetydoor,opensafetyexit,safetydoorStartingventilationandsmokeexhaustingequipment(startingoperationessentials)Startventilation,smokeexhaustequipment,theimplementationofnaturalsmokeexhaustsmokeCountthetrappedpersonnelandcountthenumberofpeoplewhoneedtobeevacuatedSelectevacuationequipment,select(set)allkindsofequipmentforevacuationToprovideinformationtothepublicsecurityfirecontrolinstitution(whetherthereareanytrappedpersonnel)Theninthchapter,fireescape,self-helpknowledgeFirst,fireescapeself-helptenmethods(a)familiarwiththeenvironmentallaw:whenpeoplegoout,intotheshoppingmalls,hotels,restaurants,dancehallsandotherpublicplaces,topayattentiontoseetheTaipinggate,safetyexit,fireextinguisherposition,theinsurancecannotpanic,unruffled.Example:lateApril18,1985night,afirebrokeoutatTheSwanHotelinHarbin,whereaJapaneseguestlivedontheburningfloor.Whenhewasadmittedtothe11flooronthedayof,heenteredthehouseandlookedatthexian1_jin4QIAN2zai4kou3le0Kan4zhou1Wei2men2environmentattheentrancefirst,andknewtheexitoft