on-improving-students-speaking-ability本科學(xué)位論文

On

improving

students’

speaking

abilityAbstract

With

the

opening-up

of

China,

English

teaching

has

been

getting

more

and

more

attention,

especially

since

Beijing

won

the

bid

to

hold

the

2008

Olympic

Games.

People

are

enthusiastic

about

learning

English

.As

a

result,

English

teaching

and

reform

are

coming

to

a

turning

point,

which

predicts

a

bright

future

in

English

education

in

China.

Now,

a

9-year

voluntary

education

program

is

put

forward

in

China.

A

Standard

English

course

is

being

used

to

replace

the

former

teaching

outline.

The

new

standard

adopts

the

international

system

according

to

which

English

language

education

is

divided

into

9

levels.

This

has

changed

the

old

style

of

teaching,

which

attaches

importance

to

grammar

and

vocabulary.

Adopting

the

new

standard

helps

to

develop

the

students’

ability

to

use

English

in

their

daily

life,

by

focusing

on

arousing

their

interest,

and

encouraging

their

participation.

The

new

method

will

place

less

stress

on

“reading

and

writing”,

in

favor

of

“l(fā)istening”

and

“speaking”.

So

now,

speaking

is

getting

more

and

more

important

in

middle

school

English

teaching.

This

paper

discuss

how

to

improve

students’

speaking

ability

and

expound

the

theme

through

three

aspects

as

follows:

⒈The

importance

of

speaking.

⒉Some

barriers

in

the

process

of

speaking

communication.

⒊Essential

methods

for

improving

students’

speaking

ability.

The

issue

will

be

discussed

from

the

perspective

of

a

teacher

of

English

in

junior

middle

school

and

a

possible

conclusion

will

be

reached

with

the

help

of

some

theoretical

and

practical

support.Key

words:

speaking、communication、ability、middle

school、English

teaching.摘要：

隨著改革開(kāi)放深入，英語(yǔ)教學(xué)越來(lái)越引起人們的重視，尤其北京成功深?yuàn)W。人們都熱中于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)。所以英語(yǔ)教改進(jìn)入一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，面臨著美好的未來(lái)。

現(xiàn)在，在九年制義務(wù)教育中，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)課程以取代以前的教學(xué)模式。根據(jù)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言教育分成九個(gè)等級(jí)，新課標(biāo)采用了國(guó)際體制，改變了舊的方法。新的教學(xué)方式通過(guò)引起學(xué)生的興趣，鼓勵(lì)他們參與去培養(yǎng)學(xué)生日常生活中運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力。新的方法重在聽(tīng)力和口語(yǔ)，因此現(xiàn)在口語(yǔ)在中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中越來(lái)越重要。本文主要討論如何提高學(xué)生的口語(yǔ)能力，從下面三個(gè)大的方面闡述：

1.

說(shuō)的重要性。

2.

口語(yǔ)交流過(guò)程中的一些障礙。

3.

提高口語(yǔ)能力的基本方法。

本文從初中英語(yǔ)教師的觀點(diǎn)，并且從理論和實(shí)際結(jié)合中得出結(jié)論。關(guān)鍵詞：口語(yǔ)

交流

能力

中學(xué)

英語(yǔ)教學(xué)1.

Introduction

English

is

a

popular

language

--especially

in

the

new

century.

As

is

known

to

us

all,

it

is

the

most

widely

used

language

in

the

developing

world

and

it’s

getting

more

and

more

important

nowadays.

Recent

estimates

suggest

that

more

than

400

million

people

speak

it

as

their

first

language,

with

more

than

1800

million

people

speaking

it

as

second

language.

It

is

an

official

language

in

a

large

number

of

countries

and

is

widely

used

in

air

traffic

control

and

academic

gatherings.①

Nowadays,

with

the

opening-up

of

China,

English

teaching

has

been

getting

more

and

more

attention,

especially

since

Beijing

won

the

bid

to

hold

the

2008

Olympic

Games.

People

are

enthusiastic

about

learning

English.

Most

of

our

students

begin

to

learn

English

from

Grade

3

in

primary

schools.

However,

classroom

teaching

has

long

been

the

only

way

to

learn

English

in

China,

and

the

method

has

usually

involved

cramming

grammar-translation

knowledge

into

learning

a

language.

But

this

approach

of

teaching

and

learning

English

is

evidentially

passive,

because

it

goes

against

the

principle

of

English

teaching,

which

requires

that

listening

and

speaking

take

the

lead

in

English

teaching,

and

on

the

basis

of

these

two

skills,

reading

and

writing

will

be

cultivated.

So

speaking

as

one

of

the

four

language

skills

has

played

a

very

important

role

in

English

teaching

in

middle

schools.

All

the

communications

are

established

on

the

basis

of

speaking.

To

be

able

to

have

a

good

pronunciation

and

tone,

that

is,

speaking

well

can

give

you

confidence

in

communication.

In

daily

life

speaking

is

the

best

way

which

make

the

communication

of

information

become

more

quickly,

especially

in

the

present

society

with

such

quick

development

of

people

’s

life

pace

.so

it

is

necessary

for

the

students

to

develop

the

ability

of

speaking.

What’s

more,

with

the

reformation

of

new

process

of

teaching,

it

requires

that

the

students

will

have

the

expressing

ability

to

receive

and

pass

information

in

English

in

real

occasions.

But

many

students

often

can

speak

well

in

class

or

in

relaxed

occasions,

and

when

they

are

put

in

a

real

condition,

they

can’t.

Why

does

it

appear?

Well,

it

is

affected

by

many

elements

One

of

the

elements

is

their

English

speaking

ability..

So

it

demands

the

English

teachers

in

junior

schools

to

develop

the

student#39;s

speaking

ability.

So

also

it

is

necessary

for

the

teachers

to

help

the

students

develop

the

ability

of

speaking.

I

have

observed

the

students’

speaking

English

since

I

became

a

teacher.

I

find

many

students

often

can

speak

well

in

class

or

in

a

relaxed

occasion.

But

when

I

invite

some

foreign

teachers

to

talk

to

them,

they

become

very

good

audiences.

Some

students

would

like

to

say

something,

but

often

the

foreign

teacher

can’t

understand

what

they

say.

Why?

Because

they

have

no

good

phonetics

or

correct

grammars.

Then

why

don’t

some

of

them

say

anything?

Their

answers

are

that

they

are

afraid

to

make

mistakes.

And

also

some

of

the

students

say

that

they

have

no

enough

vocabularies

to

express.

They

want

to

say

something,

but

suddenly

they

can’t

remember

the

words

r

they

don’t

know

the

available

words.

And

on

the

other

hand,

by

analyzed

the

students’

book,

I

find

the

speaking

English

is

getting

more

and

more,

but

both

some

teachers

and

students

don’t

find

it

yet.

So

they

aren’t

able

to

emphasize

the

speaking

English

during

the

teaching.

Little

by

little,

the

students’

speaking

ability

can’t

be

improved

effectively.

So

facing

with

the

series

of

problems,

I

attempt

my

teaching

method

to

teach

the

present

two

small

classes,

including

sixty

students.

I

hope

they

can

make

a

larger

progress

from

the

vocabulary,

mental,

phonetics

until

next

year

when

they

will

graduate.

2.The

importance

of

speaking

2.1

The

importance

of

speaking

existing

in

the

language

of

human

beings

“Language

is

vocal

,this

means

that

speech

is

the

primary

medium

of

language.

While

writing

is

secondary.

Firstly,

for

any

language

speech

existed

long

before

the

writing

system

came

into

being.

Even

today

languages

which

have

lonely

a

spoken

form

outnumber

language

which

have

a

well-developed

writing

system.

Secondly,

normal

children

always

learn

to

speak

first.

They

begin

to

read

and

write

only

when

they

have

reached

the

school

age.

Thirdly,

speech

is

more

important

than

writing

for

people’s

daily

life.

A

person

who

can#39;t

read

and

write

is

only

an

‘illiterate’.

However,

a

person

who

can#39;t

speak

is

normally

regarded

as‘disabled’.②

So

speech

is

very

important

in

the

development

of

human

beings.

2.2

The

position

of

speaking

in

the

four

language

skills

Of

the

four

language

skills

(listening,

speaking,

reading,

&writing),

listening

takes

the

first

step.

However,

communication

is

a

two-way

activity.

When

you

can

understand

what

is

said

to

you,

because

of

some

reasons,

you

can#39;t

speak

out

what

you

mean,

then

the

communication

can’t

be

continued.

So

this

communication

will

become

a

fall.

During

the

learning

of

a

language,

listening

and

reading

are

a

process

of

understanding

and

absorption,

speaking

and

writing

are

a

process

of

expression

and

use.

Understanding

and

absorption

are

foundation

while

expression

and

use

are

improvement.

That

is,

the

former

is

a

process

of

input;

the

latter

is

a

process

of

output.

Without

the

latter,

the

development

of

the

language

practical

ability

to

understand

and

absorption

will

be

meaningless.

It

is

impossible

to

master

the

English

and

to

form

the

ability

to

use

English

comprehensively

only

relying

on

the

input

of

language.

The

expression

of

spoken

and

written

should

also

be

used

to

check

and

improve

the

language

absorption

and

the

thinking

ability.

While

the

language

input

is

increased,

the

favorable

practical

activities

of

output

will

also

be

done

constantly

on

the

basis

of

understanding.

And

the

final

aim

of

language

teaching

is

to

develop

the

students’

ability

to

communicate

in

the

form

of

spoken

and

written.

And

often

the

spoken

English

is

more

than

the

written

English

in

language

using.

Especially

in

modern

society

with

so

quickstep,

undoubtly,

speaking

communication

is

the

quickest

way.

Although

in

the

modern

Internet

world,

E-mail

also

give

people

more

convenient,

when

they

write

and

read

the

E-mail,

they

will

spend

more

time

than

speaking

directly.

What’s

more,

writing

can#39;t

express

the

writer

’s

feelings,

quickly

and

directly,

and

the

reader

can#39;t

understand

the

writer#39;s

feeling

.For

example,

one

person

is

angry

now.

And

he

wants

to

tell

his

friend

his

present

feeling

.So

he

writes

to

his

friend

who

can#39;t

understand

his

feeling

just

by

reading

his

letter

or

E-mail

better.

But

if

he

can

speak

to

his

friend

directly,

then

his

friend

can

know

his

feeling

by

his

tone

or

expression.

And

he

can

also

know

how

much

his

anger

is

.So

this

is

a

quick

and

direct

speaking

effect.

Meanwhile,

reading

and

writing

have

no

this

effect.

On

the

other

hand,

it

is

only

our

tongue

that

builds

a

communication

bridge

between

the

listener

and

the

speaker.

Thereby,

the

listening

ability

must

rely

on

the

speaking

in

a

way.

Moreover,

it

is

proved

that

if

the

speaking

is

trained

best,

it

will

be

helpful

for

students’

confidence

to

learn

English.

2.3

The

importance

of

speaking

existing

in

the

teaching

syllabus

The

aims

of

teaching

syllabus

stipulates

that

“

English

teaching

in

middle

schools

are

mainly

to

train

students

to

have

a

definite

foundation

of

listening

and

speaking

so

as

to

attain

the

aim

to

communicate

comprehensively

with

others

in

English.”③It

requires

the

teachers

of

English

to

organize

their

45-minute

class

in

English

to

create

a

living

and

lively

English

environment

of

English

learning.

Thus

the

students’

listening

and

speaking

will

be

spontaneously

trained

and

be

practiced.

2.4

The

importance

of

speaking

reflected

in

the

textbook

Today,

the

newly

compiled

series

of

textbooks

of

teaching

and

learning,

different

from

those

old

ones,

which

only

emphasize

on

the

grammar

and

translation,

have

been

used

widely

in

our

country.

Those

outmoded

teaching

approaches

will

have

to

be

abandoned

to

use

the

new

concept

of

teaching

English.

As

a

result

English

teachers

will

have

to

improve

themselves

either

subjectively

or

objectively

so

as

to

become

a

qualified

teacher

of

English

in

middle

schools.

And

in

the

new

textbooks,

which

mostly

emphasize

on

listening

and

speaking,

according

to

different

the

stage

of

ages,

it

includes

listening

practice,

speaking

and

chant,

playing

and

acting,

Audio-Vidal

etc,

and

with

the

appropriate

pictures

to

help

them

understand

and

encourage

them

to

act

it

out

.Let

them

learn

English

unconsciously

and

learn

to

use

it

freely.

At

the

same

time,

the

teachers

also

are

required

to

organize

their

class

with

some

simple

spoken

English,

and

with

their

gestures

and

expression

in

accordance

with

the

necessary.

And

the

teachers

should

create

a

real

English

situation

to

help

the

students

understand

and

imitate

better

to

improve

the

listening

and

speaking

ability.

On

the

one

hand,

the

students

should

be

also

given

more

opportunities

to

speak

English,

and

then

their

ability

of

speaking

must

be

more

concretely

and

effectively

trained.

On

the

other

hand,

students

are

required

to

speak

English

when

asked

to

answer

questions

or

convey

their

own

opinions

in

the

45-minute

class.

After

class,

they

can

be

required

to

retell

the

interesting

story

reflected

in

the

textbook,

or

to

make

an

interview

with

their

classmates

to

express

their

own

opinions

to

the

story

.So,

surely,

their

speaking

can

be

improved

effectively.

2.5

New

tests’

focus

on

speaking

At

present,

the

teaching

syllabus

stipulates.“Examination

and

test

should

include

written

part,

listening

test

and

oral

test

as

well.”④And

now

you

can

find

listening

test

in

our

all

kinds

of

tests.

And

many

areas

take

the

oral

test

as

an

important

part

to

estimate

the

students’

comprehensive

level.

However,

as

early

as

ten

years

ago,

you

couldn#39;t

find

the

oral

test

in

the

final

examination.

Even

you

didn#39;t

hear

of

the

word

of

“oral

test”.

Now,

the

writer

find,

in

the

final

examination

the

students’

speaking

ability

is

very

different

from

those

in

ten

years

ago.

Their

intonations

and

tones

and

even

expressions

are

much

better.

And

it

contributes

to

the

daily

training.

So

the

voiceless

English

is

increasingly

developed.

What#39;s

more,

now

you

often

can

find

that

there

are

many

English-speaking

competitions

on

TV

and

many

areas

also

hold

all

kinds

of

speaking

competitions.

At

the

same

time,

there

are

more

and

more

super

English

speakers

presenting

in

the

non-English

countries.

Now,

we’ve

known

the

importance

of

speaking,

we

should

try

our

best

to

better

the

students’

competence

of

speaking.

However,

during

the

process

of

speaking

communication,

there

are

some

barriers

of

which

we

should

be

aware.

3.Some

barriers

in

the

process

speaking

communication.

3.1

Phonetic

barrier

“The

articulator

apparatus

of

a

human

being

are

contained

in

three

important

areas

or

cavities:

the

pharyngeal

cavity-the

throat,

the

oral

cavity-the

mouth,

and

the

nasal

cavity-the

nose.

The

air

stream

coming

from

the

lungs

may

be

modified

in

these

cavities

in

a

variety

of

ways.

It

may

also

be

modified

in

the

larynx

before

it

reaches

any

of

the

cavities.”⑤Because

of

the

point

,the

learners

should

be

required

to

know

every

part

of

pronunciation

of

human’s

body

and

can

pronounce

the

pure

English

.However,

for

most

students

in

the

process

of

their

learning,

they

are

greatly

influenced

by

their

teachers,

especially

teachers’

phonetics.

But

at

present

in

many

areas,

especially

in

the

rural

areas,

schools

are

short

of

specialized

English

teachers.

Some

other

teachers

who

are

not

familiar

with

the

sound

linking,

plosive,

stress,

etc.

are

asked

to

teach

English.

Maybe

they

are

competent

in

teaching

English

grammar

and

language

points,

but

it

is

surely

difficult

for

them

to

speak

fluent

and

pure

English.

And

also

some

schools

can’t

afford

modern

machines,

so

the

students

can#39;t

imitate

the

pure

English,

So

their

speaking

ability

can’t

be

trained

favorably,

when

they

communicate

with

others,

they

often

find

their

pronunciations

are

different

from

others

’.

So

they

can#39;t

understand

what

is

said

to

them.

Therefore,

their

listening

ability

will

be

influenced

and

the

confidence

of

communication

also

be

influenced.

Two

year

ago,

I

taught

Grade

Seven.

At

the

beginning

of

the

lessons,

the

pronunciations

of

many

students

from

different

rural

are

quite

different.

For

example,

“China

[t?]”

they

always

pronounce

[tr].

I

spent

almost

three

months

in

correcting

them.

With

my

emphasis

on

the

phonetics,

the

students

have

been

also

especially

focusing

on

it

every

time

when

they

have

their

spoken

lessons;

they

always

imitate

the

pure

English

pronunciation

from

their

foreign

teachers.

3.2

Grammar

barrier

Although

we

emphasize

again

and

again

that

the

aim

of

our

language

teaching

is

to

communicate,

we

still

should

have

some

knowledge

of

English

grammar.

In

English,

there

is

a

change

of

tense.

And

the

order,

which

the

action

happens,

can

be

presented

by

the

change

of

verbs,

which

many

students

often

ignore

these

points

when

they

communicate

with

others.

As

a

result,

some

unnecessary

mistakes

will

happen.

For

example,

a

student

wants

to

express

this

meaning

“I

have

been

to

Beijing.”

Not

knowing

the

difference

between

“have

been

to

”and

“have

gone

to”,

so

he

says,

“I

have

gone

to

Beijing.”

If

he

knows

their

difference,

3.3

Mental

barrier

An

American

psychologist

has

had

an

experiment

among

three

thousand

people

like

this:

what

do

you

worry

about

most?

There

are

all

kinds

of

answers,

such

as

death,

dump,

loss

of

relatives,

diseases,

etc.

But

to

our

surprised,

about

forty

percent

of

people

think

that

what

people

worry

about

and

frighten

most

is

to

speak

before

people.

From

this

experiment,

we

know

that

some

uncomfortable

feeling

will

happen

in

mother

tongue

to

communicate.

And

the

uncomfortable

feeling

will

be

more

serious

in

the

second

language.

Most

students

will

have

some

mental

barrier

or

psychological

barrier

during

the

speaking

training

or

the

speaking

communication,

and

we

often

find

that

the

students

will

amplify

well

in

warm-up

in

class.

However,

in

real

occasion,

they

will

only

have

a

look

at

the

other

people

without

any

word

even

if

they

meet

the

same

situation

as

that

in

class.

Maybe

they

also

want

to

speak

to

other

freely.

Just

because

of

lack

of

the

confidence,

they

can’t

speak

well,

and

they

would

rather

watch

other’s

communication.

In

their

opinions,

they

should

speak

English

purely

and

fluently

and

there

are

no

grammatical

mistakes

even

to

wonderful

stage

when

people

communicate.

Then

the

communication

will

be

continued

pridely,

or

others

maybe

laugh

at

them.

In

English

class,

this

aspect

is

often

appeared.

Some

students

worry

about

their

pronunciation

and

intonation,

so

they

will

only

say

“I’m

sorry”

as

the

answers

to

the

teachers’

questions.

All

these

will

influence

the

improvement

of

speaking

ability.

Their

speaking

ability

increasingly

becomes

worse

under

the

lack

of

training

so

long

time.

Of

course,

the

above

mentioned

is

not

the

only

factors

to

obstruct

the

improvement

of

speaking

ability.

And

there

are

some

other

factors

to

influence

the

speaking

ability.

For

example,

the

communicating

people,

(some

good

friends

will

be

good

communicating

people),

the

communicating

topics

(some

interesting

topics

will

promote

their

communication

well),

the

communicating

surroundings

(if

it

is

possible,

it

will

be

the

best

surrounding

to

be

put

in

the

English-speaking

countries)

etc.

Because

there

are

so

many

factors

obstructing

the

students’

speaking

ability,

some

good

ways

to

improve

their

speaking

ability

should

be

found

during

the

process

of

English

teaching

and

to

help

them

overcome

these

obstructs.

Then

their

speaking

ability

will

be

trained

and

improved

favorably

during

the

process

of

English

learning.4.

Essential

methods

for

improving

students’

speaking

ability.

4.1

Create

a

good

language

surrounding

to

arouse

the

students’

enthusiasm

for

English

learning.

4.1.1

A“real”environment

of

English

learning

is

of

great

help.

The

traditional

grammar-translation

teaching

method

played

a

definite

role

in

middle

school

teaching

over

the

past

decades,

but

this

method

of

learning

English

through

Chinese

translation

in

class

has

not

entirely

catered

for

the

new

situation

of

learning

a

foreign

language.

We

should

bring

the

students

to

a

full

realization

of

the

fact

that

learning

English

always

through

Chinese

translation

certainly

does

not

help

them

improve

their

skills

of

using

English.

But

we

haven’t

a

good

language

surrounding

to

speak

English

all

the

time,

which

has

always

big

problem

for

our

Chinese

English

learners.

And

we

know

that

teaching

in

class

is

the

basic

form

of

English

teaching.

Firstly,

the

English

in

his

class

should

be

on

the

basis

of

the

students’

understanding

easily.

Don’t

let

the

students

have

the

room

to

express

in

Chinese.

And

the

teachers

should

help

them

learn

to

think

in

English

and

encourage

them

to

answer

the

questions

in

English.

To

the

beginners

of

learning

English,

they

often

don’t

dare

to

answer

the

teachers’

questions

in

English

because

of

some

reasons.

So

the

teachers

should

encourage

them

with

patience

and

let

them

give

up

the

shy

minds.

And

the

teachers

should

conduct

their

lessons

in

English

as

much

as

possible,

so

as

to

force

the

students

to

get

used

to

listening

speaking

and

thinking

in

English.

Before

a

new

lesson,

teachers

can

create

some

situations

for

the

students

to

respond

to

them

and

then

to

paraphrase

a

few

sentences

or

to

retell

a

story

etc.

On

the

other

hand,

for

their

answers,

the

teachers

should

give

them

proper

estimate

and

let

them

have

a

successful

feeling

of

getting

knowledge.

Then

they

will

be

glad

to

speak

it

more

and

more.

Thus

the

students

feel

in

a

real

environment

of

English

like

those

native

learners.

Actually

in

such

a

lively

atmosphere,

the

students

have

been

motivated

to

convey

their

ideas

in

English.

Of

course,

it

is

quite

clear

that

the

students

’

ability

of

speaking

must

be

well

and

effectively

trained.

In

my

classroom,

there

are

many

piece

of

paper

with

“English

corners”

on

the

wall.

Before

class,

I

often

let

them

see

some

English

film

in

order

to

feel

western

conditions

and

customs

and

attract

their

interest

for

English

learning.

4.1.2

The

students

#39;

high

interest

for

English

learning

is

needed.

As

we

all

know,

“the

aims

for

English

teaching

is

to

train

the

students

how

to

use

the

language,

yet

this

kind

of

ability

will

more

quickly

be

developed

on

condition

that

the

students

are

greatly

engaged

in

the

English

language

and

immersed

in

an

atmosphere

of

using

the

language

”6In

accordance

with

the

theory,

an

English

teacher

is

required

to

observe

the

communication

principles

to

make

the

whole

class

full

of

communication.

To

some

extent,

the

students

’attention

and

interest

are

aroused

and

in

the

meantime,

the

students’

speaking

is

effectively

practiced.

As

a

learner

of

English

in

the

classroom,

if

he

shows

great

interest

in

English

learning,

of

course,

he

should

listen

to

the

teacher

carefully,

follow

his

teacher

step

by

step,

fix

all

his

attention

on

what

the

teacher

is

saying

and

try

his

best

to

catch

on.

Then

he

is

active

to

take

part

in

activities;

he

is

willing

to

communicate

with

others

to

show

off.

Little

by

little,

his

speaking

ability

will

be

definitely

improved.

On

the

contrary,

the

student

who

has

no

interest

in

learning

English

will

be

unwilling

to

listen

to

the

teacher

and

communicate

with

others,

then,

gradually,

he

will

be

a

“stranger”

to

English.

Just

as

what

Mr.

Li

Yang

says

that

if

you

want

to

speak

fluent

and

pure

English,

you

must

speak

English

loudly

and

crazily

and

change

the

muscle

on

Chinese

face

into

that

on

western

face

.So

in

order

to

improve

the

students’

speaking

ability,

teachers

should

stimulate

students’

enthusiasm

for

English

learning

.Let

them

speak

it

as

much

as

they

can

happily.

4.1.3

Some

measures

for

arousing

students’

interest

a、Three-minutes

speech

before

class

.At

the

beginning

of

a

class,

students

are

often

asked

to

come

to

the

blackboard

to

give

the

others

a

duty

report.

b、Give

more

chances

to

the

students

to

do

pairs

work

,making

up

their

own

dialogue.

c、Make

full

use

of

audio-visual

aids

to

create

situations

.

d、Carry

out

some

activities,

such

as:

Speaking/reading

competition,

Chinese

forbidden,

English

corner,

etc.

e、Play

games

.E.g.

Pass

the

message,

make

more

sentences

as

quickly

as

possible.

f、Modify

Li

Yang’s

crazily

speaking

English

.

4.2

Help

the

students

lay

a

solid

base

of

English

phonetics.

If

there

is

something

wrong

with

a

student

#39;s

pronunciation,

then,

obviously,

he

can#39;t

understand

what#39;s

on

in

the

communication.

And

increasingly

it

will

influence

the

student#39;s

confidence

of

communication.

So

teacher

of

English

should

help

students

lay

a

solid

base

of

English

phonetics,

which

includes

accurate

pronunciation,

good

intonation,

sound

linking,

plosive

and

strong

and

weak

forms

.It

is

proved

that

students

with

good

pronunciation

and

intonation

have

obvious

advantages

in

speaking

just

as

a

writer#39;s

opinions

can

be

obtained

by

reading

between

the

lines,

a

speaker

’s

intention

can

be

revealed

from

the

intonation

and

tunes

he

uses.

For

example,

the

students

of

one

of

my

classes

aren’t

often

vigorous

when

I

ask

them

to

read

after

me,

they

often

read

slowly.

Then

I

read

loudly,

and

then

the

students

read

louder,

too.

What’s

more,

it

is

also

proved

that

good

pronunciation

and

tunes

not

only

help

himself

develop

the

confidence

of

English

learning,

but

also

help

others

surrounding

him

try

to

improve

their

speaking

ability.

As

the

youth

have

a

strong

presented

expect

and

most

of

them

hope

that

they

can

have

fluent

and

pure

English

then

become

the

focus

and

the

admiring

people

to

the

public,

which

make

them

have

a

better

confidence

in

their

life.

5.3

Give

more

chances

to

the

students

to

develop

their

speaking

ability

as

well

as

the

other

three

skills

(listening,

reading

and

writing)

In

class,

the

students

should

be

given

more

time

to

speak

and

they

can#39;t

be

regarded

just

as

audiences,

which

will

not

have

a

good

teaching

effect

and

the

student#39;s

speaking

ability

also

can#39;t

be

trained

.The

teachers

should

let

the

students

take

part

in

the

class.

In

JFFC

textbooks,

there

are

many

interesting

dialogues

and

stories.

So

the

teachers

should

let

the

students

act

the

dialogue

out

or

make

another

dialogue

with

their

own

words

as

possible

as

they

can.

And

there’re

many

riddles

and

chants

in

the

textbooks.

So

the

teachers

can

take

the

formation

of

competition

to

let

the

students

imitate

and

follow

the

tape

and

see

who

is

the

winner.

Next,

the

teachers

can

also

arrange

for

the

students

to

retell

the

stories,

which

they

are

more

interested

in.

And

the

students

also

estimate

their

favorite

ball

players.

In

a

word,

the

teacher

can

take

all

kinds

of

activities

to

encourage

them

to

speak.

Meanwhile,

the

four

skills

should

be

regarded

as

a

whole,

which

influence

with

each

other

and

promote

mutually.

To

speak

more,

they

are

demanded

to

listen

more

first.

For

example,

let

the

students

listen

to

the

original

tape

and

English

songs

and

let

them

imitate

pure

English

pronunciations

constantly.

When

their

pronunciation

is

pure

increasingly,

their

speaking

ability

will

be

improved

comprehensively.

Then,

the

student

should

write

more.

Writing

can

help

the

students

consolidate

the

knowledge

and

strengthen

their

ability

of

understanding

and

memories.

Last,

the

students

should

read

more.

Reading

can

help

to

form

a

good

sense

of

language

and

know

the

western

conditions

and

customs,

then

widen

their

knowledge.

Also,

reading

can

help

them

know

more

vocabularies

and

more

native

English.

After

all,

semantics

is

consisted

of

words.

The

more

words

they

know,

the

wider

and

easier

they

communicate.

For

example,

there

are

two

classes

having

been

trained

for

two

years

for

reading.

The

speaking

of

the

students

in

those

two

classes

is

obvious

better

than

other

students

in

our

English

corner.

So

accumulating

the

students’

vocabulary

is

very

necessary.

4.4

Accumulate

the

students#39;

vocabulary

in

order

to

speak

well

During

the

speaking

English,

the

communication

often

is

interrupted

by

a

word,

which

the

students

don#39;t

know.

So

the

vocabulary

is

obviously

important.

So

during

the

teaching

English,

besides

letting

the

students

remember

the

words

they#39;ve

learned.

What

more

important

is

to

teach

the

way

which

how

to

remember

more

words,

After

learning

the

rule

of

spelling

and

pronunciation,

the

students

should

be

encouraged

to

read

and

remember

the

words

in

their

own

way

and

master

the

links

between

the

words,

and

then

improve

the

effect

of

remembering

words.

The

teachers

also

should

encourage

the

students

that

when

they

do

some

reading,

they

should

guess

the

words#39;

meaning

according

to

the

context.

At

the

same

time,

it

is

also

important

to

improve

the

ability

to

look

up

the

words

in

the

dictionary.

If

a

student

is

rich

in

his

vocabulary,

then

it

must

be

helpful

for

his

speaking

ability.

What’s

more,

a

large

vocabulary

is

quite

good

for

students

to

summari