listentothis中級英語聽力原文

Lesson1

Task1:ThisIsYourLife!

'ThisIsYourLife'isoneofthemostpopularprogrammeson

BritishandAmericantelevision.Everyweekafamousperson

isinvitedtoatelevisionstudio,withoutknowingthatheor

shewillbethesubjectoftheprogramme.Thecomperemeets

thepersonoutsidethestudioandsays'Thisisyourlife!*

Thepersonthenmeetsfriendsandrelativesfromhisorher

pastandpresent.Studio4iswheretheprogrammeisrecorded.

Theprogrammebeginsateighto5clock.It,s6:45nowandthe

directorischeckingthepreparationswithhisnewproduction

assistant(PA).Thesubjectoftonight'sshowwillbeanactor,

JasonDouglas.Thecompere,asusual,willbeTerryDonovan.

Director:Let'sjustcheckthearrangements.We'rebringing

JasonDouglashereinastudiocar—hethinkshe'scomingto

adiscussionprogramme!Thedriverhasbeentoldtoarriveat

exactly7:55.Now,theprogrammebeginsateighto'clock.At

thattimeJasonwillbewalkingtothestudio.TerryDonovan

willstarthisintroductionat8:01,andJasonwillarriveat

8:02.Terrywillmeethimatthestudioentrance…Camera

4willbethere.Thenhe'11takehimtothatseat.It'11be

onCamera3.Jasonwillbesittingthereduringthewhole

programme.FormostoftheshowTerrywillbestandinginthe

middle,andhe'11beonCamera2.Theguestswillcomethrough

thatdoor,talktoTerryandJason…andthensitoverthere.

Director:Now,isthatallclear?

PA:Yes…there,sjustonething.

Director:Well,whatisit?

PA:Who,sgoingtolookaftertheguestsduringtheshow?

Director:Paulineis.

PA:Andwherewilltheybewaitingduringtheshow?

Director:InRoom401,asusual.Paulinewillbewaitingwith

them,andshe'11bewatchingtheshowonthemonitor.She'11

tellthemtwominutesbeforetheyenter.

PA:Ithinkthat'severything.

Terry:Goodeveningandwelcometo'ThisisYourLife'.This

isTerryDonovanspeaking.We'rewaitingforthesubjectof

tonight'sprogramme.He，soneoftheworld，sleadingactors,

andhethinkshe*scomingheretotakepartinadiscussion

programme…Icanhearhimnow…yes,hereheis!Jason

Douglas…Thisisyourlife!

Jason:Oh,no...Idon'tbelieveit!Notme...

Terry:Yes,you!Nowcomeoverhereandsitdown.Jason,you

werebornatnumber28BalaclavaStreetinEastHam,London

onJuly2nd,1947.Youwereoneofsixchildren,andyourfather

wasataxidriver.Ofcourse,yournamewasthenGrahamSmith.

Terry:Now,doyouknowthisvoice?'IrememberJasonwhenhe

wastwo.Heusedtoscreamandshoutallday.'

Jason:Susan!

Terry:Yes…allthewayfromSydney,Australia…Sheflew

herespeciallyforthisprogramme.It'syoursister,Susan

Fraser!

Jason:Susan…Whydidn'tyoutellme…oh,thisis

wonderful!

Terry:Yes,youhaven,tseeneachotherfor13years…take

aseatnexttohim,Susan.Youstartedschoolattheageof

five,in1952,andin1958youmovedtoLaneEndSecondary

School.

Terry:Doyourememberthisvoice?'Smith!Stoplookingout

ofthewindow!J

Jason:Oh,no!It'sMr.Hooper!

Terry:YourEnglishteacher,Mr.StanleyHooper.WasJasona

goodstudent,Mr.Hooper?

Mr.Hooper:Eh?No,hewastheworstintheclass…buthe

wasabrilliantactor,eveninthosedays.Hecouldimitate

alltheteachers?

Terry:Thankyou,Mr.Hooper.YoucanspeaktoJason,later.

Well,youwenttotheLondonSchoolofDramain1966,andleft

in1969.In1973youwenttoHollywood.

Terry:Doyouknowthisvoice?'HiJason…Canyouridea

horseyet?'

Jason:Maria!

Terry:MariaMontrose…who'scomefromHollywoodtobewith

youtonight.

Maria:Hello,Jason…it'sgreattobehere.Hello,Terry.

JasonandIwereinamovietogetherin1974.Jasonhadtolearn

torideahorse…Well,Jasondoesn51likehorsesverymuch.

Jason:Likethem!I'mterrifiedofthem!

Maria:Anyway,hepractisedfortwoweeks.Thenhewenttothe

director…itwasCharlesOrson…andsaid,'Whatdoyou

wantmetodo?'Charlessaid,'Iwantyoutofalloffthehorse'.

Jasonwasfurious.Hesaid,'What?Falloff!I'vebeen

practisingfortwoweeks...Icouldfalloffthefirstday

withoutanypractice!*

Task2:WhatAreYourAmbitions?

Interviewer:Goodmorning,sir.I'mfromradiostationQRX,

andIwonderifyou'dmindansweringafewquestionsforour

surveytoday.

David:Uh...sure,whynot?

Interviewer:What'syourname?

David:Uh,mynameisDavidGeorge.

Interviewer:David,whatdoyoudoforaliving?

David:rmaprofessionalbaseballplayer.

Interviewer:Really?

David:Mm-hmm.

Interviewer:That'sterrific.Whatdoyoudoforfun?

David:Well,Iliketoreadtheclassics—youknow,Dickens,

Shakespeare,…uh...bookslikethat.

Interviewer:Fabulous.Andwhat'sthemostexcitingthing

that'shappenedtoyourecently?

David:JustcallmeDad.MywifeandI...uh...hadourfirst

baby.

Interviewer:Oh,(Yeah.Alittlegirl.)that'swonderful.

David:Mm-hmm.

Interviewer:Whodoyouadmiremostinthisworld?

David:Well,Iadmiremywife…uh...she，sterrific.She's

goingtobeagreatmother,greatmother.

Interviewer:Terrific.Whatdoyouwanttobedoingfiveyears

fromnow?

David:Well,…uh...fiveyearsfromnowI'dliketobea

fatheroffive.I'dliketohavelotsofkidsaroundthehouse.

Interviewer:That'sfabulous.

David:Yeah.

Interviewer:Thanksverymuchfortalkingtous,David.

David:Well,thankyou.

Interviewer:Goodmorning.I'mfromradiostationQRX,andI

wonderedifyou5dmindansweringafewquestionstodayforour

survey.

Suzanne:Notatall.

Interviewer:What'syourname?

Suzanne:SuzanneBrown.

Interviewer:Suzanne,whatdoyoudoforaliving?

Suzanne:I'malawyer.

Interviewer:Alawyer?Andwhatdoyoudoforfun?

Suzanne:Iliketorun.

Interviewer:Uh-huh.Running,like一

Suzanne:Jogging.

Interviewer:Jogging.Andwhat'sthemostexcitingthing

that'shappenedtoyourecently?

Suzanne:IgottorunintheBostonMarathon.

Interviewer:Congratulations.Andwhodoyouadmiremostin

theworld?

Suzanne:Oh,well,I'dhavetosayMartinLutherKing,Jr.

Interviewer:Mmm,yes.Andwhatdoyouwanttobedoingfive

yearsfromtoday?

Suzanne:Well,dareIsaywintheBostonMarathon?

Interviewer:Wonderful.Thanksalotfortalkingtoustoday,

Suzanne.

Suzanne:You5rewelcome.

Interviewer:Goodmorning,sir.I'mfromradiostationQRX,

andIwonderifyoucouldanswerafewquestionsforoursurvey

thismorning.

Adolfo:Oh,yes,yes.

Interviewer:What,syourname?

Adolfo:MynameisAdolfoVasquez.

Interviewer:Adolfo,whatdoyoudoforaliving?

Adolfo:rmadancer.

Interviewer:Adancer.Andwhatdoyoudoforfun?

Adolfo:Iwatch…uh...musicalmovies.

Interviewer:Musicalmovies.Andwhat'sthemostexciting

thingthat'shappenedtoyourecently?

Adolfo:Oh,aboutsixyearsagoImovedtoUnitedStates,

(Uh-huh.)andthat'squiteexcitingforme.

Interviewer:Yes,thatisveryexciting.Whatdoyou—whodo

youadmiremostintheworld?

Adolfo:Iadmirealot…um...SophiaLoren,themovie

actress.

Interviewer:Iunderstandcompletely.(Mm-hmm.)Whatdoyou

wanttobedoingfiveyearsfromnow?

Adolfo:IlikeverymuchwhatI'mdoingrightnow,soIreally

wouldliketokeepdoingit.

Interviewer:Verygood.(Mm-hmm.)Thanksforspeakingtous

today,Adolfo.

Adolfo:Okay.You'rewelcome.

Interviewer:Goodmorning,Miss.I'mfromradiostationQRX,

andIwonderifyoucouldanswerafewquestionsforoursurvey.

Linda:Sure.

Interviewer:What'syourname?

Linda:LindaMontgomery.

Interviewer:Linda,whatdoyoudoforaliving?

Linda:Uh,well,rightnowI'mgoingtobeautyschool.

Interviewer:Beautyschool?

Linda:Yeah.

Interviewer:Uh-huh.Andwhatdoyoudoforfun?

Linda:Oh,whatforfun,Ihangoutwithmyfriends—youknow,

goforpizza,stufflikethat.

Interviewer:Iunderstand.What'sthemostexcitingthing

that'shappenedtoyourecently?

Linda:Oh,thiswassogreat!(Yeah?)Fourofmyfriendsand

I,wewenttoaBruceSpringsteenconcert.Weactually—wegot

tickets.

Interviewer:Wonderful.

Linda:Itwasthebest.

Interviewer:Whodoyouadmiremostintheworld?

Linda:WhodoIadmi-Iguess(Mm-hmm.)mydad,(Uh-huh.)

probablymydad.Yeah.

Interviewer:Andwhatdoyouwanttobedoingfiveyearsfrom

now?

Linda:IwouldloveitifIcouldhavemyownbeautysalon.

Interviewer:Uh-huh.

Linda:Thatwouldbegreat.

Interviewer:Thanksverymuchfortalkingtoustoday.

Linda:Okay.

InYourOwnWords

Announcer:Andnow,at10:50it'stimefor“InYourOwnWords”,

inwhichweinterviewpeoplewithunusualstoriestotell.Here

tointroducetheprogrammeisPatriciaNewell.Goodmorning,

Patricia.

Patricia:Goodmorning,andgoodmorningeveryone.Withmein

thestudionowisthismorning5sguest,TrevorCartridge.Good

morning,Trevor.

Trevor:Goodmorning,Patricia.

Patricia:Trevor,youhaveoneofthemostunusualstoriesI've

everheard.Yet,nowadays,youseemtoleadaveryordinary

life.

Trevor:Yes,Patricia.I'madentist.IliveandworkinLondon.

Patricia:Butatonetimeyouusedtohaveadifferentjob?

Trevor:Yes,Iwasasoldier.

Patricia:Asoldier?

Trevor:That'sright.

Patricia:Andhowlongagowasthat?

Trevor:Oh,abouttwothousandyearsago.

Patricia:That'sright.TrevorCartridgebelievesthathewas

asoldierinthearmyofJuliusCaesar.Herememberscoming

toBritainwiththeRomanarmytwothousandyearsago.Trevor,

tellusyourremarkablestory…inyourownwords!

Trevor:Well,funnilyenough,itallbeganbecauseIwanted

togiveupsmoking.

Patricia:Giveupsmoking!

Trevor:Mm,IusedtosmoketoomuchandItriedtogiveup

severaltimes,butIalwaysstartedsmokingagainafewdays

later.IntheendIwenttoahypnotist.Hehypnotizedme,and

Istoppedsmokingatonce.Iwasdelighted,asyoucanimagine.

Patricia:Yes?

Trevor:Thatmademeveryinterestedinhypnotism,andItalked

tothehypnotistaboutit.Hetoldmethatsomepeoplecould

remembertheirpastliveswhentheywerehypnotized,andhe

askedifIwantedtotry.Ididn'tbelieveitatfirst,but

intheendIagreed.Hehypnotizedme,andsureenough,I

remembered.IwasaRomansoldierinCaesar'sarmy.

Patricia:Youdidn,tbelieveitatfirst?

Trevor:Ididn'tbelieveitbeforewetriedtheexperiment.

Nowrmabsolutelyconvincedit'strue.

Patricia:Whatdoyouremember?

Trevor:Oh,allkindsofthings,butthemostinterestingthing

IrememberisthenightwelandedinBritain.

Patricia:Yourememberthat?

Trevor:Ohyes.Itwasaterrible,stormynight.Therewere

ahundredormoreofusintheboat.Wewereallshutin,because

theweatherwassobadandmostpeopleweresick,becauseit

wasverystuffy.Therewasaterriblesmellofpetrol,I

remember.LotsofmenthoughtweshouldgobacktoFrance.It

wasn'tcalled'France'then,ofcourse.

Patricia:Andtherewasasmellofpetrol?

Trevor:Yes,itwasterrible.Theweathergotworseandworse.

Wethoughtweweregoingtodie.Intheendtheboatwaspushed

upontothesands,andweclimbedout.Irememberjumpinginto

thewaterandstrugglingtothebeach.Thewaterwasuptomy

shouldersanditwasafreezingnight.Alotofmenwerekilled

bythecoldordrownedinthestorm,butImanagedtogetashore.

Patricia:Youdid?

Trevor:Yes.Therewereabouttensurvivorsfromourboat,but

eventhenourtroublesweren'tover.Wefoundafarmhouse,but

itwasdeserted.Whenthepeoplereadthenewspapers,andknew

thatwewerecoming,theywereterrified.Theytookalltheir

animalsandalltheirfood,andranawayintothehills.Of

course,therewerenoproperroadsinthosedays.Well,wewent

intothehouseandtriedtolightafire,butwecouldn，teven

dothat.Wealwayskeptmatchesinourtrousers,pockets,so

naturallytheywereallsoaked.Wecouldn*tfindanythingto

eat,exceptonetinofcatfood.Weweresohungry,webroke

itopenwithourknives,andateit.Wefoundatap,butthe

waterwasfrozen.Intheendwedrankrainwaterfromthetin.

Wesatveryclosetogetherandtriedtokeepwarm.Wecould

hearwolvesbutwedidn'thaveanyweapons,becauseourguns

werefullofseawater.Bythemorning,thestormwasover.We

wentontothebeachandfoundwhatwasleftoftheboat.We

managedtofindsomefood,andwehopedtherewassomewine

too,butwhenweopenedtheboxallthebottleswerebroken.

Patricia:Sowhathappened?

Trevor:Wewaited.Finallyanotherboatcameandtookusaway,

andwejoinedtheothersoldiers.Iremembergoingintothe

camp,andgettingahotmeal,andcleanclothes.Itwas

wonderful.Weweregivenourpay,too.Irememberthedateon

thecoins,50BC.Itwasanexcitingtime.

Patricia:AnddidyoustayinBritain?

Trevor:Ohyes,Iwashereforfiveyears,from50BCto55

BC.IenjoyedmystayinBritainverymuch.

Patricia:AndthenyouwentbacktoRome?

Trevor:Ican'trememberanythingafterthat.

Patricia:Well,TrevorCartridge,thankyoufortellingusyour

story,inyourownwords.

StudySkills:HowtoPredict?

(1)Bob,doyouthinkyoucouldpossiblyturnoffthatradio?

I*m(pause)tryingtowritealetter.

(2)A:Idon,twantadoubleroom.Iwantasingleroom.

B:rmsorry,sir,butI'mafraid43(pause)istheonly

singleroomavailableatthemoment.

(3)A:JustlookwhatI'vegot.

B:Letmesee.Fiftypounds!(pause)Whereonearthdid

yougetit?

(4)A:OhbothertheSexDiscriminationAct.Surelytheycant

forcemetotakeonamarriedwoman.

B:Theycantforceyouto,Mr.Clark,but(pause)you

mustn*tdiscriminateagainstsomeonejustbecausethey*re

married.

(5)A:rmgladI'mnotaprincess.Itmustbeadreadfullife.

B:Dreadful?(pause)Iwouldn,tmindbeingaprince.

(6)rmareasonablyhard-workingperson.But(pause)I'mnot

aworkaholic.

(7)A:Hadyourbrotherbeennervousaboutithimself?

B:Well,hedidn'tsay,butpossibly(pause)hehadbeen.

Dictation

TheKnowledge

BecomingaLondontaxidriverisn'teasy.Inorderto

obtainalicencetodriveataxiinLondon,candidateshave

topassadetailedexamination.Theyhavetolearnnotonly

thestreets,landmarksandhotels,butalsothequickestway

togetthere.Thisiscalled'TheKnowledge,byLondoncab

driversanditcantakeyearsofstudyandpracticetoget'The

Knowledge5.Candidatesareexaminednotonlyonthequickest

routesbutalsoonthequickestroutesatdifferenttimesof

theday.Peoplewhowanttopasstheexaminationspendmuch

oftheirfreetimedrivingorevencyclingaroundLondon,

studyingmapsandlearningthehugestreetdirectorybyheart.

TheUnderground

TravellingontheLondonunderground(the'tube')presents

fewdifficultiesforvisitorsbecauseoftheclear

colour-codedmaps.Itisalwaysusefultohaveplentyofspare

changewithyoubecausethereareoftenlongqueuesatthe

largerstations.Ifyouhaveenoughchangeyoucanbuyyour

ticketfromamachine.Youwillfindsignswhichlistthe

stationsinalphabeticalorder,withthecorrectfares,near

themachines.Thereareautomaticbarrierswhichareoperated

bythetickets.Youshouldkeeptheticket,becauseitis

checkedatthedestination.

Lesson2

Task1:FilmEditing

Interviewer:Isfilmeditingacomplicatedjob?

FilmEditor:Ohyes,alotofpeopleprobablydon，tknowhow

complicatedajobitcanbe.It*sfarmorethanjuststicking

piecesoffilmtogether.

Interviewer:Howlongdoesittaketoeditafilm?

FilmEditor:Well,itdepends.Youcanprobablyexpecttoedit

a10-minutefilminaboutaweek.A35-minutedocumentary,like

theoneI'meditingatpresent,takesaminimumoffourtofive

weekstoedit.

Interviewer:Canyouexplaintomehowfilmeditingworks?

FilmEditor:Therearedifferentsteps.*Synchingup',for

example.

Interviewer:Whatdoyoumeanbysynchingup?

FilmEditor:Itmeansmatchingsoundandpicturesandthatis

usuallydonebymyassistant.Thefilmandthesoundtapehave

numbersstampedalongtheedgewhichhavetobematched.The

detailsofthefilmandthesoundarealsorecordedinalog

book,soit'squickandeasytofindaparticulartakeandits

soundtrack.Thisoperationiscalledloggingandisagaindone

bymyassistant.

Interviewer:Sowhatdoyouusuallydoyourself?

FilmEditor:Alotofthings,ofcourse.First,Ihavetoview

allthematerialtomakeafirstselectionofthebesttakes.

There'salotoffilmtolookthroughbecausetomakeasequence

workthewayyouwant,youneedalotofshotstochoosefrom.

Interviewer:Doesthatmeanthatyouhavetodiscardsequences?

FilmEditor:Ohyes.Onaverageforeveryfootofeditedfilm,

youneedtwelvetimesasmuchuneditedfilmandthereforeyou

havetocompromiseand,ofcourse,discardsomeofit.

Interviewer:Whatdoyoudoafterselectingthematerial?

FilmEditor:Firstofall,Iprepareaninitialversionofthe

film,a'roughcut'asitiscalled.ThatmeansthatIactually

cutthefilmintopiecesandstickthemtogetheragaininthe

neworder.

Interviewer:Andafterthis*roughcut'whathappens?

FilmEditor:Well,afterthe*roughcut'comesthe'finecut*

whenthefilmtakesitsfinalform.Theproducerandthe

directorcomeinforaviewing.Somesmallchangesmaythen

benecessary,butwhenthe'finecut'hasbeenapprovedby

everyone,thisisthefinalversionofthefilm.

Interviewer:Atthispointisthefilmreadyfordistribution?

FilmEditor:Ohno.Afterthefinalversionofthefilmhas

beenapproved,thereisthedubbing,therearevoices,music,

backgroundnoisesandsometimesspecialeffectstobeput

togetherforthesoundtrack.Andafterthedubbing,theedited

filmissenttothe'neg'cutters.

Interviewer:Whatdothe'neg'cuttersdo?

FilmEditor:Theycuttheoriginalnegativesonthefilms,so

thatthesematchtheeditedfilmexactly.Andafterallthat

comesthebestpart—Icansitdownquietlywithmyfeetup

andenjoywatchingthefilm!

Task2:AVisionoftheFuture

Man:Hi.

Woman:Hi.

Man:What'dyoudolastnight?

Woman:IwatchedTV.Therewasareallygoodmoviecalled

SoylentGreen.

Man:SoylentGreen?

Woman:Yeah.CharltonHestonwasinit.

Man:What'sitabout?

Woman:Oh,it'saboutlifeinNewYorkintheyear2022.

Man:IwonderifNewYorkwillstillbeherein2022.

Woman:Inthismovie,in2022…

Man:Yeah?

Woman:…NewYorkhasfortymillionpeople.

Man:Ouch!

Woman:Andtwentymillionofthemareunemployed.

Man:HowmanypeopleliveinNewYorknow?Aboutsevenoreight

million?

Woman:Yeah,Ithinkthat'sright.

Man:Mm-hmm.Youknow,ifit'shardenoughtofindanapartment

nowinNewYorkCity,what'sitgoingtobelikein2022?

Woman:Well,inthismoviemostpeoplehavenoapartment.So

thousandssleeponthestepsofbuildings.(Uh-huh.)People

whodohaveaplacetolivehavetocrawloversleepingpeople

togetinside.Andthereareshortagesofeverything.Thesoil

issopollutedthatnothingwillgrow.(Ooo.)Andtheairis

sopollutedtheyneverseethesun.It'sreallyawful.

Man:IthinkI'mgoingtoavoidgoingtoNewYorkCityinthe

year2022.

Woman:Andtherewasthisscenewherethestar,CharltonHeston,

goesintoahousewheresomeveryrichpeoplelive.

Man:Uh-huh.

Woman:Hecan,tbelieveit,becausetheyhaverunningwater

andtheyhavesoap.

Man:Really?

Woman:Andthenhegoesintothekitchenandtheyhavetomatoes

andlettuceandbeef.Healmostcriesbecausehe*sneverseen

realfoodinhislife,youknow,especiallythebeef.Itwas

amazingforhim.

Man:Well,ifmostpeoplehavenorealfood,whatdotheyeat?

Woman:Theyeatsomethingcalledsoylent.

Man:Soylent?

Woman:Yeah.There，ssoylentredandsoylentyellowandsoylent

green.Thefirsttwoaremadeoutofsoybeans.Butthesoylent

greenismadeoutofoceanplants.(Ugh.)Thepeopleeatit

likecrackers.That'salltheyhavetoeat.

Man:Thatsoundsdisgusting.

Woman:Well,youknow,itreallyisn'tthatfarfromreality.

Man:No?

Woman:Yeah.Because,youknowthegreenhouseeffectthat's

beginningnowandheatinguptheearth

Man:Oh,yeah,I'veheardaboutthat.

Woman:…becausewe'reputtingthepollutantsinthe

atmosphere,youknow?

Man:Mm-hmm.

Woman:Imean,inthismovieNewYorkhasninetydegreesweather

allyearlong.Anditcouldreallyhappen.Uh...likenow,

we...wehavefuelshortages.Andinthemoviethere*sso

littleelectricitythatpeoplehavetoridebicyclestomake

it.

Man:Youknowsomething?Idon'tthinkthatmovieisatrue

predictionofthefuture.

Woman:Idon，tknow.Itscaresme.Ithinkitmightbe.

Man:Really?

Woman:Well,yeah.

AmericansIndians

ThenativeAmericans,thepeoplewecallthe'Indians',had

beeninAmericaformanythousandsofyearsbeforeChristopher

Columbusarrivedin1492.Columbusthoughthehadarrivedin

India,sohecalledthenativepeople'Indians'.

TheIndianswerekindtotheearlysettlers.Theywerenot

afraidofthemandtheywantedtohelpthem.Theyshowedthe

settlersthenewworldaroundthem;theytaughtthemaboutthe

localcropslikesweetpotatoes,cornandpeanuts;they

introducedtheEuropeanstochocolateandtotheturkey;and

theEuropeansdidbusinesswiththeIndians.

Butsoonthesettlerswantedbiggerfarmsandmoreland

forthemselvesandtheirfamilies.Moreandmoreimmigrants

werecomingfromEuropeandallthesepeopleneededland.So

theEuropeansstartedtotakethelandfromtheIndians.The

Indianshadtomovebackintothecentreofthecontinent

becausethesettlersweretakingalltheirland.

TheIndianscouldn'tunderstandthis.Theyhadavery-

differentideaoflandfromtheEuropeans.FortheIndians,

theland,theearth,wastheirmother.Everythingcamefrom

theirmother,theland,andeverythingwentbacktoit.The

landwasforeveryoneanditwasimpossibleforonemantoown

it.HowcouldtheWhiteMandividetheearthintoparts?How

couldheputfencesroundit,buyitandsellit?

Naturally,whentheWhiteManstartedtakingallthe

Indians'land,theIndiansstartedfightingback.Theywanted

tokeeptheirland,theywantedtostoptheWhiteMantaking

itallforhimself.ButtheWhiteManwasstrongerandcleverer.

SlowlyhepushedtheIndiansintothosepartsofthecontinent

thathedidn,twant—thepartswhereitwastoocoldortoo

dryortoomountainoustolivecomfortably.

By1875theIndianshadlostthefight:theywereliving

inspecialplacescalled'reservations'.Butevenherethe

WhiteMantooklandfromthem—perhapshewantedthewood,or

perhapsthelandhadimportantmineralsinit,orheevenwanted

tomakenationalparksthere.Soevenontheirreservations

theIndianswerenotsafefromtheWhiteMan.

TherearemanyHollywoodfilmsaboutthefightbetweenthe

IndiansandtheWhiteMan.UsuallyinthesefilmstheIndians

arebadandtheWhiteManisgoodandbrave.Butwasitreally

likethat?Whatdoyouthink?DoyouthinktheIndianswere

rightorwrongtofighttheWhiteMan?

NewAustralians

Interviewer:Today,therearemorethan15millionpeople

livinginAustralia.Only160,000oftheseareAborigines,so

wherehavetherestcomefrom?Well,until1850mostofthe

settlerscamefromBritainandIrelandand,asweknow,many

ofthesewereconvicts.Thenin1851somethinghappenedwhich

changedeverything.Goldwasdiscoveredinsoutheastern

Australia.Duringthenexttenyears,nearly700,000people

wenttoAustraliatofindgoldandbecomerich.Manyofthem

wereChinese.ChinaisquiteneartoAustralia.Sincethenmany-

differentgroupsofimmigrantshavegonetoAustraliaformany

differentreasons.TodayI'mgoingtotalktoMariowhose

familycamefromItalyandtoHelenafromGreece.Ma