高一高二語法句子成分

1What’salanguage?

What’salanguagemadeof?詞素：最小的語法和語義單位radicalsinChinesecharacters江、湖、河、海米、迷、瞇、糜詞根root:單詞的根本部分；

前綴prefix后綴suffix：單詞的構(gòu)件

詞=（前綴prefix）+詞根root+（后綴suffix）2語言language結(jié)構(gòu)grammar句子sentence分句clause詞組phrase詞word詞素morpheme語音prounication語義semantics3詞素：最小的語法和語義單位詞根:單詞的根本部分；

前綴后綴：單詞的構(gòu)件

詞=(前綴prefix)+詞根root+(后綴suffix)4

單詞word

visible

visit television Log

dialogue 前綴dia(相對)+log apologize 前綴apo(分開)+log+后綴ize prologue 前綴pro(向前)Clude include

前綴in(入、內(nèi))+clude exclude

前綴ex(外)+clude conclude

前綴con強(qiáng)調(diào)5Vis詞根rootvis+后綴ible(可…的)前綴tele(遠(yuǎn))+vis+名詞后綴ionUn-Sub-Super-Be-unhappysubwaysupermarketbelittleunfairsubworkersupermanbefriendunusualsubsidesupersonicbefool前綴多數(shù)不改變詞性doesn’tchangethepartofspeechvn-ationan-nessn\av-izena-ishvisualizationhappinessmodernizefoolisheducationillnesshospitalizechildishcreationblacknessvisualizebookish后綴語法作用強(qiáng)變詞性changethepartofspeech6詞word名詞noun-ation\-ment\-al\-ness\-ity\-ism\-ist動詞vt/vi

-ify\-ize\-en形容詞adjective

-y\-ish\-some\-ous副詞adverb

-ly:loudly介詞preposition:inonoverunderfromfor…78G1supervise

super-上面vis-看supervisor監(jiān)督人nsupervision監(jiān)督nsupervisory監(jiān)督的aG2protectpro-前

tect-掩蓋protectornprotectiveaprotectionnprotectionism

保護(hù)主義ndetect

de-去除

detection察覺ndetective偵探n9G3MovableChangeable易變、可變的Useable可使用的Producible可生產(chǎn)的Flexible靈活的Lovable可愛的G4Internetinter-互相之間International國際的aInteraction互動交互nInterview面試vnG5Transformtrans-超過變化transplant移植n/vtransport交通n/vport-拿運(yùn)import進(jìn)口n/vexport出口n/vdeport驅(qū)逐vportable便攜的aG6Subwaysubsonic亞音速的asubmarine海面下的a

潛艇nTonyisan______student;firstintheclass.(excellent)Ellenisvery______onteachersandstudents;unabletodothingsonherown.(dependent)Frankieisvery______;amemberofmanydifferentclubs.(active)Annisvery______;hatestoloseatgames.(competitive)Sallyisavery______student;popularwithstudentsandteachers.(likeable)Takethismessagetotheprincipal,andhurry.It’svery______.(urgent)Thisexperimentmightbedangerous,sopleasewear______glasseswhenyoudoit.(protective)Thismildshampoois______forbabies.(suitable)Thebooksyouneedforyourprojectareall______fromthelibrary.(obtainable)11What’salanguage?

What’salanguagemadeof?語言language結(jié)構(gòu)grammar句子sentence分句clause詞組phrase詞word詞素morpheme語音prounication語義semantics12名詞詞組NounPhrase

前置修飾語+名詞（中心詞）+后置修飾語我的小伙伴們mylittlebuddies動詞詞組VerbPhrase動詞為中心Itisgettingdark.Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkbynow.13介詞詞組PrepositionPhrase介詞中心Theyfollowedclosebehindme.IhavenotlaidmyhandonanybookssincethisJuly.副詞詞組AdverbPhrase副詞為中心Beaman.Don’tactsolowly.Helivesfarfromhere.141516主謂賓SVO我和我的小伙伴們都驚呆了 S主 V謂17句子主語Subjective

詞組人類動詞Predicate

Verb

詞組已經(jīng)無法阻止賓語Objective

詞組他（施動）（動作）（受動）NP名詞VP動詞NP名詞Theguestshavearrived.TheguestsS主 havearrivedV謂.Mybrotherhaseanengineer.MybrotherS主 haseV謂 anengineerO賓.Smokingcigarettescausestrouble.SmokingcigarettesS主 causesV謂 troubleO賓.18Objective賓語andindirectobjective間接賓語Ourexperts cangiveyou advice. S主語(NP) V謂語(VP)IO間接賓語O賓語Ourexperts cangive adivice toyou.givesbsth/bringsbsth19狀語Adverbial性質(zhì)：修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞以及全句的句子成分位置：狀語一般放在被修飾的詞之后或放在句尾。副詞作狀語時可放在被修飾的詞前或句首。用作狀語的通常是副詞，介詞短語，不定式和從句等。時間狀語when,while,as,before,after,till/until,since

地點(diǎn)狀語where

原因狀語because,since,as,for

目的狀語sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase

方式狀語as,asif/though

結(jié)果狀語so/such…that…sothat

條件狀語if,unless,incase,aslongas

讓步狀語20狀語Adverbial條件讓步原因時間位置Helives[inLondon].Summervacationusuallystarts[fromJuly].Theboywaspraised

[forhisbravery].[IfIamnotbusytomorrow],Iwillplayfootballwithyou.[Althoughwehavegrownup],ourparentstreat

usaschildren.21條件讓步原因時間位置Toloseweight,shetriedeverymeans.22定語Attributemylittlebuddies中心詞用作定語的主要是形容詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，名詞，副詞，動詞不定式，介詞短語等。herhandsomerichtallboyfriend[Thelittle

boy

there]needs[abluepen].

S V O23Thewayyoucommunicateisthekey.Thewaytocommunicateisthekey.24句子主語SubjectiveNP動詞Predicate

VerbVP賓語ObjectiveNP定語Attribute在句中修飾名詞或代詞的成分叫定語前置修飾語+名詞（中心詞）+后置修飾語25定語AttributeIhaveloadsofhomeworktodo.Englishisalanguageeasytolearnbutdifficulttomaster.26定語AttributeShemarriedthathandsomerichtallman.Shemarriedthatmanwhoishandsome,richandtall.定語從句27thehandsomerichtallboysittingtherethehandsomerichtallboywhoissittingthere28補(bǔ)語compliment用來說明賓語或主語

所處的狀態(tài)或正在進(jìn)行的動作Youshouldkeepcalmandconfident.29補(bǔ)語complimentCityair

is

dirtyandpolluted. S(NP)V

ComplimentThis

willmake

yourhair

softandshiny. S V(VP) O(NP) Compliment30請確保它安全Pleasekeepitsafe.我們生來平等Wearebornequal.31I（n） love（v） you（n）NP主

VP謂 NP賓32定狀A(yù)狀A(yù)狀A(yù)定Myfatherisadoctor,mymotherisanurse.Myfatherisadoctor,andmymotherisanurse.Have

atry理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)的距離就是我你我之間的距離[理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)的距離] 就是[我與你之間的距離] Subject V Objective（NP:定語+n）

（NP:定語+n）[Thedistance

betweendreamandreality]is[that

betweenyouandme].33Have

atry[騎白馬的（人）]不一定是[王子],[他]可能是[唐僧]

S V

O(n)S(n)V

O(n)Themanridingahorsemightnotbeaprince;hecanbeXuanZang.[Themanridingahorse]mightnotbe

[aprince];

[he]canbe[XuanZang].34Have

atry[當(dāng)你想不通的時候],[想一下自己是在中國]會讓[一切][豁然開朗了]

A狀語 S主語從句

V謂語O賓語

C補(bǔ)語Whenyougetconfused,thefactthatyouliveinChinawillmakeeverythingclear.[Whenyougetconfused],thefact

[thatyouliveinChina]willmake[everything][clear].35狀語主語[從句]謂語補(bǔ)語賓語Studentsfrom29localschoolsanduniversitieswillalsogiveaconcertonAugust21.36[朋友]玩壞了[愛瘋6] [主][謂][賓] S(N) VO(N)[我朋友]玩壞了[他昨天剛買來的愛瘋6] S(NP)VO(NP) [主][謂][定賓][我朋友][不小心一用力]玩壞了[他昨天剛從香港買來的愛瘋6]

37Myfriendaccidentallybenttheiphone6withhishandwhichheboughtyesterdayinHK.38從句39Hecomplained抱怨thatwha