+Unit+7+Section+A+Grammar+Focus-4c+ 人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

Unit7

What’sthehighestmountain

intheworld?SectionAGrammarfocusoceanthePacificOceann.

大海；海洋n.

太平洋WordsReviewCanyoutranslatethefollowingsentences?長(zhǎng)江大約長(zhǎng)6,300千米。TheYangtzeRiverisabout6,300kilometers

long.Canyoutranslatethefollowingsentences?黃河長(zhǎng)5,464千米。TheYellowRiveris

5,464kilometers

long.Canyoutranslatethefollowingsentences?明朝的長(zhǎng)城大約有8,850千米長(zhǎng)。TheMingGreatWallisabout8,850kilometers

long.Canyoutranslatethefollowingsentences?珠穆朗瑪峰高8,844.43米，所以攀登起來(lái)很危險(xiǎn)。Qomolangmais

8,844.43meters

highandsoisverydangeroustoclimb.Grammarfocus—What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?世界上最高的山是什么？—Qomolangma.珠穆拉瑪峰—HowhighisQomolangma?珠穆拉瑪峰有多高？—It’s8,844.43metershigh.It’shigherthananyothermountain.它有8844.43米高，它比其他的任何的山都要高?！猈hichisthedeepestsaltlakeintheworld?世界上最深的咸水湖是哪個(gè)？—TheCaspianSeaisthedeepestofallthesaltlakes.里海是最深的咸水湖?！狣idyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld?你知道中國(guó)是世界上最古老的國(guó)家之一嗎？—Yes,Idid.It’smucholderthantheUS.是的，我知道。中國(guó)比美國(guó)要古老的許多。長(zhǎng)度、寬度、高度、深度的表示法老虎路有200米長(zhǎng)，而且濕度很重。TigerPathis200meterslongandhasahighhumidity.這座山大概兩千米高。Themountainisabouttwothousandmetershigh.那面鏡子有兩米長(zhǎng)。Themirroristwometerslong.*長(zhǎng)度、寬度、高度、深度的表示法，有一個(gè)專(zhuān)門(mén)的結(jié)構(gòu)：“基數(shù)詞+單位詞+形容詞”2.除了以上的表示方法，有時(shí)也可用“基數(shù)詞+單位詞+in+長(zhǎng)寬高深度等的名詞”來(lái)表示?！璱nlength長(zhǎng)度…inwidth寬度…inheight高度…indepth深度若表示重量，可以用…inweightNowtrytotranslatethesentencesbelow:那個(gè)籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員有兩米高。那條河只有兩米深/寬。這棵樹(shù)有兩米高。那條河長(zhǎng)約兩千米。Thebasketballplayeristwometerstall.Theriverisonlytwometersdeep/wide.Thetreeistwometerstall.Theriverisabouttwokilometerslong.5.這座山大約有兩千米高。6.這個(gè)箱子大約有兩米高/寬/長(zhǎng)。Themountainisabouttwothousandmetershigh.Theboxisabouttwometershigh/wide/long.這個(gè)箱子重9公斤。Theboxis9kilos.=Theboxis9kilosinweight.那座橋有三米高。Thebridgeis3metersinheight.教室有25英尺長(zhǎng)，20英尺寬。PractiseTheclassroomwas25feetinlengthand20feetinwidth.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞都有三個(gè)級(jí)原級(jí):常用結(jié)構(gòu)as...as...“和..….一樣”ZhangHongisastallasTom.張紅和湯姆一樣高。2)比較級(jí)

(用于兩者之間的比較)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：比較級(jí)＋than...Heistaller

thanI.他比我高。Grammar3)最高級(jí)(用于三者或三者以上的比較)，常用結(jié)構(gòu):the+最高級(jí)＋of/in...

Heisthe

tallest

ofthethree.他是這三個(gè)人中最高的。Heisthe

funniest

inhisclass.他是他們班最有趣的。

規(guī)則變化

1)一般情況下，單音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)的形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)＋er，最高級(jí)＋est。如:clever—cleverer—cleverest

few—fewer—fewest

small—smaller—smallest等。形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化2)以e結(jié)尾的詞，比較級(jí)＋r，最高級(jí)＋st

即可。如：nice—nicer—nicest

cute—cuter—cutest

large—larger—largest3)以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的變y為i＋er或est

如:easy—easier—easiest

happy—happier—happiest

再如：early,busy,heavy,dirty,lazy也如此。4)重讀閉音節(jié)，單輔音結(jié)尾的，雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母＋er

或

est的詞：①

fat—fatter—fattest

②thin—thinner—thinnest

③hot—hotter—hottest

④red—redder—reddest⑤wet—wetter—wettest

⑥big—bigger—biggest

5)多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)的詞需要在形容詞原級(jí)前＋more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，＋themost構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。如：beautiful－morebeautiful－themostbeautiful又如:delicious,popular,important,interesting,expensive,creative雙音節(jié)的詞如:

careful－morecareful－themostcareful

useful－moreuseful－themostuseful少數(shù)單音節(jié)詞也是這樣，如：pleased—morepleased—themostpleasedtired—moretired—the

mosttiredb)不規(guī)則變化：

good—better—best

well—better—best

bad—worse—worst

many/much—more—most

far—farther—farthest

(距離遠(yuǎn))

far—further—furthest

(程度深)old—elder—eldest

(長(zhǎng)幼)

old—older—oldest

(年齡)三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時(shí)，用“the+最高級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語(yǔ)。例如：ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.最高級(jí)的用法2.最高級(jí)可被序數(shù)詞以及much，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notquite，notreally，nothinglike

等詞語(yǔ)所修飾。例如：Thishatisbyfar／much／nearly／almost／notnearly／bynomeans／notquite／nothinglikethebiggest.Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcoat?形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的常用結(jié)構(gòu)1.“比較級(jí)+thananyother+名詞+其他”表示“比其他任何一個(gè)……都……”該結(jié)構(gòu)可與“the+最高級(jí)+其他”相互轉(zhuǎn)換Thebagischeaperthananyotherbaginthestore.=Thebagisthecheapestinthestore.2.“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……”Theearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.地球變得越來(lái)越暖和。3.“the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……，就越……”Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryou’llplaythepiano.4.“the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwo”表示“兩者之中更……的那一個(gè)”

Susanisthetallerofthetwogirls.5.“數(shù)詞+times+比較級(jí)+than”表示“……是……的幾倍”Theelephantweighstentimesmorethanthepanda.另:比較級(jí)前可用much,alittle,alot,even等修飾，表強(qiáng)調(diào)，如：Thegirlsangevenworsethistimethanusual.6.“oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”意為“最……之一”Itisoneofbesttheatersinourtown.7.“the+序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+in…”表示“是……中的第幾……”TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.4abigmuchpopularlongoldhighTheAmazonRiverisoneofthe_______riversintheworld.It’salittle_____thantheYangtzeRiver.Qomolangmais8,848.43meters_____.It’soneofthemost________placesforseriousmountainclimbers.longestlongerhighpopularPractice3.Nooceanintheworldisas___asthePacificOcean.4.AlthoughJapanis_____thanCanada,itis_____smaller.bigoldermuchWritetwocomparisonsabouttwotopics.Writetruefacts.4bTwocities:SingaporeandKualaLumpur(吉隆坡)KualaLumpurisasmodernasSingapore.SingaporeisbiggerthanKualaLumpurandhasalargerpopulationthanKualaLumpur.Forexample:策略：可以比較城市的面積、人口、歷史等Twoanimals:MonkeyandDogAdogisbiggerthanamonkey.Amonkeyissmallerthanadog,butitclimbsatreefasterthanadog.策略：可以比較動(dòng)物的身高(身長(zhǎng))、體重、奔跑速度、外貌特征以及壽命等Pairwork4cWritefivequestionsusingcomparisons.Thenaskyourpartneryourquestions.Whatisthehighestbuildinginourcity?Whatisthelargestshoppingmallinourcity?Whichisthebiggestparkinourcity?Whichisthelongestroadinourcity?What’sthebiggestcityinChina?...注意：在使用比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)時(shí)要有相對(duì)明確的比較范圍或參照物1.Jack是他們班最高的男生。

Jack___________boy___hisclass.2.我現(xiàn)在感覺(jué)比昨天好多了。

I____much______thanyesterday.3.—北京最好的季節(jié)是哪個(gè)？

—我覺(jué)得是秋天。

I.PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.isthetallestinfeelbetter—Whichis

thebest

seasoninBeijing?—Ithinkit’sautumn.1.DoesChinadevelop______(fast)ofallthecountriesintheworld?2.MybrotherJimmywrites_________

_________(careful)inhisclass.3.Whichshirtdoyoulike_____(good),thewhiteoneortheblueone?4.Tomfinisheshiswork____________(quick)thanJim.1.DoesChinadevelop______(fast)ofallthecountriesintheworld?2.MybrotherJimmywrites_________

_________(careful)inhisclass.3.Whichshirtdoyoulike_____(good)