殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)

殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)第1頁2殺菌劑發(fā)展1、第一代殺菌劑（inorganicchemicals）;2、第二代殺菌劑（organicchemicals）傳統(tǒng)保護(hù)劑(conventionalprotectants)植物藥害(phytotoxicity)；3、第三代殺菌劑：內(nèi)吸性殺菌劑（systemicfungicide）4、第四代殺菌劑：三環(huán)唑等較早使用無殺菌毒性化合物。殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)第2頁3Classificationaccordingtoaction保護(hù)型殺菌劑protectivefungicide鏟除性殺菌劑eradicationfungicide治療性殺菌劑curativefungicide內(nèi)吸性殺菌劑systemicfungicide殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)第3頁4FungicideToxicology殺菌作用(fungitoxicity)抑菌作用(fungistasis)內(nèi)吸性殺菌劑(systemicfungicides,systemics)抗產(chǎn)孢劑(antisporulants)殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)第4頁5內(nèi)吸性殺菌劑（systemicfungicide）選擇性(selectivity)(1)靶標(biāo)位點(diǎn)(targetsite)和作用位點(diǎn)(siteofaction)(2)靶標(biāo)受體(receptor)對(duì)藥劑親協(xié)力(affinity)差異(3)藥劑對(duì)原生質(zhì)膜滲透性(permeability)差異(4)對(duì)殺菌劑積累(或排出)、解毒(detoxify)作用差異等殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)第5頁6MechanismsofFungicideActionBiosynthesis:Sterol,Nucleicacid,protein,mitosisandcelldivision,lipid,glucan(葡聚糖),cellwallRespiration:Electrontransport,oxidativephosphorylationGrowthregulator:cellwallbiosynthesis-inhibitingoomyceticidesStructure殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)第6頁71:Nucleicacidssynthesis(1)RNApolymeraseIPhenylAmides苯酰胺類:Metalaxyl甲霜靈殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)第7頁82:Mitosisandcelldivision(1)β-tubulinassemblyinmitosisBenzimidazole:

Carbendazim多菌靈Diethofencarb乙霉威NegativecrossresistancetoDiethofencarb乙霉威殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)第8頁9３Respiration(1)ComplexINADHOxidoreductase:Pyrimidinamine(2)ComplexII:succinate-dehydrogenase琥珀酸脫氫酶SDHI(Succianatedehydrogenaseinhibitor)Boscalid:啶酰菌胺殺菌劑毒理學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)第9頁10３Respiration(3)ComplexIII:cytochromebc1(ubiquinol輔酶oxidaseatQosite(cytb))Qo