2022年山東省日照市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）

2022年山東省日照市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Tohelpraisethepublic'sawarenessofthesuicideproblem,psychiatristTillerappealedtothegovernmenttoorganize______.

2.

Forbesisaboutasexcitedas______.

3.

______haveincreasedgreatlyinthepastcentury.

4.

______firstmadeMarkTwainknownalloverthecountry.

5.

Investigators______thenotesprovidedbyMr.Kayefromdoctorsforhisabsence.

6.Organicagriculturecontributestoslowingdowntheglobaltemperatureincreasethroughitsabilityto______.

7.

Manycitiesoffer______thatcansaveyoumoneyandensureyoursafety.

8.

Hostagesituationsareusuallyintremendousdisorder,sotherearenoobviousstagesinthem,

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Thosepeopleandcountrieswhicharerestrictingandopposedtogeneticallymodifiedplantsworryabout______.

10.Whenyourequestcash,themoneymoveselectronicallyfromyouraccounttothehost'saccountto______.

11.

Thewords"work"and"play"aregenerallyusedtorefertodayandnight.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Itisadvisabletoeliminatethoseactivitiesthatare______andyoudon'tlike.

13.

ItcanbereferredfromthepassagethatAliceWalkerwastwenty-twoyearsoldwhenshemovedtoJackson,Mississippi.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

In2001,R-ratedfilmsaccountedforthemajorityofHollywoodfilmsbecausebothdomesticandforeignmarketswereinfavorofactionmovies.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Whenreservingahotelroomwithyourcheckcard,youhavetodecidehowmuchmoneyinyouraccounthastobeonhold.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

Nanotechnologyisthestudyandmanipulationoftheverysmallmatterssuchasatoms,moleculesandviruses.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

HurricanesaremainlyformedinGulfofMexico.

18.

The"MountTrashmore"programhasbeenadoptedbymanyuniversities.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

InThailand,themostpopularsecondlanguagenowadaysisChinese.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispartyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1～7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8～10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

SoundEffects

Snorers(打鼾的人)havealwaysbeenmadejokes.Incartoons,theirnasal(鼻子的)roarliftstheroofoffhouses.Insituationcomedies,there'sthewifewhorollshereyesathersnoringbedmate.Butinreality,it'snotallthatfunny.Infact,snoringcanbeanightmareforsnorersandtheirtroubledpartners,whomaywakeupseveraltimesanighttopoke,andmaybehoistlovedonesontotheirsidesforalittlerelief.

RisksofSnoringProblems

Butthenightlyracketismorethanapotentialrelationshipstrain.Accordingtothelatestresearch,anincreasinglyolderandheavierpopulationmaymakethisconditionanevengreaterahealthriskthanwepreviouslythought.ForMaggieMoss-Tucker,successfultreatmentforalongtimesnoringproblemcamealmostbyaccident.Onefallmorningin2005,shesawasignatherlocalgymseekingsnorersasvolunteersforastudyatBoston'sBrigham&Women'sHospital.Moss-Tucker,now56,wasintrigued.Shehadstartedsnoringnearlyadecadeearlier."I'dtriedeverythingtostop,"shesays,fromsleepinguprighttousingnosestripsoramouthguard.Buttoherandherhusband'sdismay,nothingworked.WhenshesignedupforthestudyandspentanightatasuburbanBostonsleeplab,shefoundoutwhy.

Afterreviewinghersleeppatternsandoxygenlevels,researcherstoldherthathersnoringwasactuallyanindicationofsomethingworse.Shesufferedfromasleepapnea(呼吸暫停),aconditioninwhichpatientsstopbreathingrepeatedlyastheysleepandcanwakeupasmanyas100timesanightoftenwithoutrememberingit.Thatkindofrevelationhasledtodoctorsre-evaluatingaconditiononcetreatedaslittlemorethananuisance."Inthepast,snoringhasbeentreatedlikeajokingmatter;younevertalkedaboutitwithyourdoctor,"saysDr.DavidRapoport,medicaldirectoroftheSleepDisordersCenteratNewYorkUniversityMedicalCenter."Butwhenitbecomesveryprominentorsuchthatitwakesyouuporinterfereswithbreathing,itcanbeaproblem."

Sleepapnea,inwhichtheairwaybecomesblockedor,lessoften,thebrainfailstoproperlycontrolbreathingduringsleeping,canbeviewedasoneextremeofthesnoringspectrum.Softsnoring,whichisnotgenerallyconsideredahealthhazard,wouldbeattheotherend.Asthesoundandpersistenceofapatient'ssnoringgrows,sodothehealthconcerns.AstudypublishedintheMarch1issueofthejournalSleepfoundthatloudsnorershada40percentgreaterriskthannon-snorersofsufferingfromhighbloodpressure,34percentgreateroddsofhavingaheartattackanda67percentgreaterchanceofhavingastroke.

That'saproblemgiventhenumberofnoisysleepersoutthere.InarecentpollbytheNationalSleepFoundation,aboutonethirdofUSworkingadultsreportedsnoringatleastafewnightsinthepreviousmonth.Snoringgenerallyworsenswithagesotherateisevenhigheramongtheelderly.And,contrarytocommonperceptions,it'snearlyascommoninwomenasmen.Menopause(更年期)appearstobeafactor,asisweight.Beingoverweightcancausethicknessintheairwaytube,holdingbacktheflowofoxygen.

TreatmentofSnoringProblems

Yetmanywhoregularlysnoredon'trealizethatitcouldbebadfortheirhealth.Theresearchlinkinghypertension,cardiacproblemsandloudsnoringisrelativelynew.Andthoughawarenessofs

A.thecausesofsnoringproblems

B.thetreatmentsofsnoringproblems

C.therisksofsnoringproblems

D.thehazardsandthetreatmentsofsnoringproblems

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(32)

A.Itisworryingtopenalizetheinnocentmajorityfortheminority.

B.Itisquitereasonabletodosoforthesakeofthestores.

C.Itisthebestwaytopreventshop-lifting.

D.Itisincredibletohaveallthecustomerspenalized.

22.(16)

A.Themanisalazyanduselesspeople.

B.Therearealotofthingstodonow.

C.Themanwillbebusyafewdayslater.

D.Sheisn'tsatisfiedwiththeman'sworking.

23.(31)

A.Severeloneliness.

B.Situationalloneliness.

C.Chronicloneliness.

D.Temporaryloneliness.

24.

【B2】

25.(24)

A.Theprofessorwilloftenextendthetimelimitforassignments.

B.Thestudentswillgainextrascoresforhandinginassignmentsaheadoftime.

C.Theprofessorwillpenalizelightlyforlateassignments.

D.Thestudentswilllosescoresbythedayforlateassignments.

26.(13)

A.Heislateforhiswork.

B.Ittakeslongtimeforhimtogotowork.

C.Heisexcitedfordrivingtowork.

D.Hejustdrovetomakesurethetimetogettowork.

27.(25)

A.Thedinosaurswantextinct.

B.AnumberofmeteoritescrashedintoEarth.

C.Someanimalspeciesevolved.

D.Someplantswentextinct.

28.(36)

A.Industriesinthepastandatpresent.

B.Changesinthedevelopmentofindustries.

C.Thefreedomofindustriestodayandinthepast.

D.Theprotectionofindustrialworkersandcustomers.

29.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Althoughcreditcardsarebecomingamore【B1】______partofthefinancialscene,theyarestill【B2】______withsuspicionbymanypeopleasamajorpartofthe"livenow,paylater"habit.Theyprovide【B3】______tospendmoremoney.Ofcourse,itisonlythefoolwhofollowsthetemptationtolive,temporarilyatleast,【B4】______hismeans,andsuchpeoplewouldnodoubtmanagetodosoevenwithoutcreditcards.

Advertisershave,however,【B5】______agrowingrealizationoftheiradvantages.Theydoawaywiththeneedtocarrylargeamountsofcashandarealwaysusefulin【B6】______.

Allthecreditcardorganizations【B7】______interestonamonthlybasiswhichmayworkoutashighas25【B8】______ayear,yetcarefuluseofacardcanmeanthatyouobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit.【B9】______,canextendthisperiodevenfurther.

Itisworthwhileshoppingaroundbeforedecidingonaparticularcreditcard.Itisnecessarytoconsidertheamountofcreditgranted;interestrates,whichmayvaryslightly;thenumberandrangeofoutlets,thoughmostcardscovermajorgarages,hotels,restaurantsanddepartmentstores.Andofcourse,whathappensifyourcardislostorstolen.【B10】______.

However,ifusedwisely,【B11】______.

【B1】

30.

【B4】

31.聽(tīng)力原文：M：IhaveanappointmenttoseeDoctorGrantforaphysicalexamination.AndIhadalreadymadeanappointment.

W：Pleasehaveaseat.Heisinsurgeryrightnow.MaybehalfanhourisOK．

Q：Wheredidtheconversationprobablytakeplace?

(16)

A.Inadoctor'soffice.

B.Inanoperatingroom.

C.Inaprofessor'soffice.

D.Inagymnasium.

32.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Didyousayyouweredrivingtothetownthismorning?

M:Yes,Ihadtogetacheckcashedtopaymysupermarketbill.

Q:Whatdidthemandointhetown?

(18)

A.BuysomethingintheBillsupermarket.

B.Getmoneytopayhisbill.

C.Checktoseewhetherhecanpayincash.

D.Getacheckforthewoman.

33.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Whydopeoplework?Undoubtedlyyouhave【B1】______askedyourselfthesamequestion,perhapsfocusedonwhyyouhavetowork."Self-interest"initsbroadestsense,includingtheinterestsoffamilyandfriends,isabasic【B2】______forworkinallsocieties.Butself-interestcaninvolvemorethanprovidingforexistenceor【B3】______wealth.StudiesshowthatthevastmajorityofAmericanswouldcontinuetoworkevenifthey【B4】______enoughmoneytolivecomfortably.

Whenpeoplework,theygaina【B5】______placeinsociety.Thefactthatwhattheyreceivepaysfortheirwork【B6】______thatwhattheydoisneededbyotherpeopleandthattheyareanecessarypartofthesocialfabric.Workisalsoamajorsocial【B7】______forplacingpeopleinthelargersocialstructureandforprovidingthemwithidentities.IntheUnitedStates,itisabluntand【B8】______publicfactthattodonothingistobenothingandtodolittleistobelittle.【B9】______.

SociologistMelvinL.Kohnandhisassociateshaveshownsomeofthewaysworkaffectsourlives.Generally,peoplewhoengageinself-directedworkcometovalueself-directionmorehighly,tobemoreopentonewideasand【B10】______.Moreover,theydevelopself-conceptionsconsistentwiththesevalues,andasparentstheypassthesecharacteristicsontotheirchildren.【B11】______.

【B1】

34.(18)

A.Theyareattendingaconcert.

B.Theyarenegotiatingaboutaprice.

C.Theyareplanningtogoforadate.

D.Theyarebuyingsomethingfortheirfirm.

35.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽(tīng)力原文：Whydowecry?Canyouimaginealifewithouttears?Notonlydotearskeepyoureyeslubricated,theyalsocontainasubstancethatkillscertainbacteriasotheycan'tinfectyoureyes.Giveupyourtears,andyoulosethisonthespotdefense.Norwouldyouwanttogiveupthefloodofextratearsyouproducewhenyougetsomethingphysicalorchemicalinyoureyes.Tearsareverygoodatwashingthisirritatingstuffout.Anotherthingyoucouldn'tdowithoutyourtearsiscryfromjoy,anger,orsadness.Humansaretheonlyanimalsthatproducetearsinresponsetoemotions.Andmostpeoplesayagoodcrymakessomefeelbetter.Manyscientists,therefore,believethatcryingsomehowhelpsuscopewiththeemotionalsituations.Tearresearcher,WilliamFredistryingtofigureouthowithappens."Onepossibility",hesays,"isthattearsdischargecertainchemicalsfromyourbody"."Whenpeopletalkabout'cryitout'Ithinkthatmightactuallybe'whattheyaredoing'",hesays.

IfFredisright,whatdoyonthinkwouldhappentopeoplewhorestraintheirtears?Boys,forexample,cryonlyaboutaquarterasoftenasgirlsoncetheyreachtheirteenageyears.Andweallcryalotlessnowthanwedidasbabies.Coulditpossiblebethatwefacelessstress?Maybewefoundotherwaystodealwithit,ormaybewejustfeelembarrassed.

Whydowecry?Canyouimaginealifewithouttears?Notonlydotearskeepyoureyeslubricated,theyalsocontaina(36)______thatkillscertain(37)______sotheycan'tinfectyoureyes.Giveupyourtears,andyoulosethisonthespotdefense.Norwouldyouwanttogiveupthefloodof(38)______tearsyouproducewhenyougetsomethingphysicalorchemicalinyoureyes.Tearsareverygoodatwashingthis(39)______stuffout.Anotherthingyoucouldn'tdowithoutyourtearsiscryfromjoy,anger,orsadness.Humansaretheonlyanimalsthatproducetearsinresponseto(40)______.Andmotpeoplesayagoodcrymakessomefeelbetter.Manyscientists,therefore,believethatcrying(41)______helpsuscopewiththeemotionalsituations.Tear(42)______,WilliamFredistryingtofigureouthowithappens."One(43)______",hesays,"isthattearsdischargecertainchemicalsfromyourbody".(44)____________,hesays.

IfFredisright,(45)____________?Boys,forexample,cryonlyaboutaquarterasoftenasgirlsoncetheyreachtheirteenageyears.Andweallcryalotlessnowthanwedidasbabies.Coulditpossiblybethatwefacelessstress?(46)____________.

36.聽(tīng)力原文：W：Here'sanadforanapartmentwithtwobedrooms．It'snearthecampusandnottooexpensive．

M：What'sthenumber?I'llfindoutifit'savailableforimmediateoccupancy．

Q：Whatarethemanandwomandoing?

(13)

A.Preparingforbed.

B.Walkingtowardthecampus.

C.Lookingforaplacetolive.

D.Invitingsomefriendstovisit.

37.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Graceissoannoying,thoughshedoesn'tmeantohurtanybody.Sheisalwayscorrectingotherpeople.Shethinkssheisaknow-it-all.

M:Ifeelthesameway.Thoughsometimeshercommentsarewise,theyarehurtful.

Q:WhatdoesthemanthinkofGrace?

(16)

A.Annoyingandmean.

B.Kindandfriendly.

C.Intelligentbutmean.

D.Intelligentbutannoying.

38.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

MuslimSudanisoneoftheIslamized【B1】______regions.InEastAfricamusicalformsshowingAraborIslamicinfluencearefoundevenfar【B2】______,forinstanceinsouthernUganda,notonlyalongtheIndianOceancoast.Severalmusical【B3】______ofArabintroductioncanbeseenintheseparts,theone-stringfiddlebeingthemostvisibleexample,Ontheotherhand,【B4】______areasofblackAfricaarevirtuallyfreefromAraborIslamicinfluence.ThetraditionalschoolsforboysfoundinwestcentralAfrica,withtheir【B5】______dancesandmusic,areindependentblackAfrican【B6】______andinnowaytoberelatedtoMuslim【B7】______

Itisnowwidely【B8】______thatAfricanmusic/danceinvariouspartsofthecontinenthasconstantlyundergonedecisivechangesinhistory.【B9】______NorisAfricanmusicalwaysethnicinthesenseethnomusicologywouldhaveit.Musicformsandtraitsarenotrigidlylinkedtoethnicgroups;【B10】______

Ethnicgroupingshavethemselvesbeeninastateofcontinuousfluxandmusicaltraitsandfashionshavebeenexchangedacrossethnicandlinguisticboundaries.【B11】______andevensomaypresentafragmentedandperplexingpicture.

【B1】

39.

【B10】

40.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Lookatthelowpricesonthecomfortablesofa.Don'tyouthinkthatit'safantasticbuy?

M:Yes,butqualityismoreimportantthanprice.Let'slookelsewherebeforemakingthefinaldecision.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthesofa?

(18)

A.Shethinksitisofinferiorquality.

B.Shethinksitisoverpriced.

C.Shethinksitisabargain.

D.Shethinksitcanbepurchasedacheaperpriceelsewhere.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Whatdoes"thinis'in',andfatis'out'"mean?

A.Thinis"inside",andfatis"outside".

B.Thinis"diligent",andfatis"lazy".

C.Thinis"youthful",andfatis"spiritless".

D.Thinis"fashionable",andfatis"unfashionable".

42.

Whatdoeshumansocietydependontomakeprogressaccordingtotheauthor?

43.

Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthor______.

A.prefersdogstocats

B.preferscatstodogs

C.likesdogsaswellascats

D.likesneitherdogsnorcats

44.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Theimportanceofandfocusontheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistisreflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnotlimitedto,journalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe"howto"aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontextandimplications.Muchofthe"howto"materialisbasedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.

Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappily,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureaboutinterviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinapositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherform.ofinterviewing.Mostofusareprovablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosisandtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfamiliarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,trueunderstandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysisandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.

Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthatimportanceshouldbeattachedtothesystematicstudyof______.

45.

Whatisthephysicaleffecttoapessimistparticularlyafteralife’sblow?

46.WhatothermethodisusedtohelpovercomeAsiantourists'fearsofghosts?

47.

Theboldword"it"referstowhichofthefollowing?

A.Problem.B.Material.C.Difficulty,D.System.

48.

WhatcanweinferfromGeorgeLouie?

A.HewashiredbyDeLibertytoworkonhiscase.

B.Louiehasconductedmanysuccessfulcases.

C.Louisefeelssympathyforthosebusinessesthathavebeensetup.

D.Louiehaslosthisprofessionalismasanattorney.

49.

Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Everyonewouldliketowidentheirculturalscopeiftheycan.

B.Theobstaclestoovercomingculturalparochialismlieinmainlypeople'shabitualwayofthinking.

C.Aslongasoneisbroughtupinacertainculture,hecannotbewithoutbiasinmakingculturalevaluations.

D.Childhoodisanimportantstageincomprehendingculture.

50.

TheNeutralityActof1939permitted______.

51.Thetopicoffatis______manyothertaboosubjects.

A.thesameas

B.differentfrom

C.morepopularthan

D.lessoftentalkedaboutthan

52.(59)

53.(58)

54.

Whatisthemythheldbysome"superwomen"?

A.Thattheycanreconciletheircareerswithparentalresponsibilities.

B.Thattheycandevotethemselvestotheircareerwithoutregardfortheirchildren.

C.Thattheycanresistthetemptationoftheirambitiontomakegreatachievements.

D.Thattheycanresolvetheconflictsbetweentheircareersandchildrenwithoutanysacrifice.

55.

Theword"homogeneous"inthefirstlineofparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.

A.democraticB.primitiveC.similarD.withdrawn

56.Inthedevelopedcountries,thedominantfactorinthenextsocietywillbesomethingtowhichmostpeopleareonlyjustbeginningtopayattention:therapidgrowthintheolderpopulationandtherapidshrinkingoftheyoungergeneration.Politicianseverywherestillpromisetosavetheexistingpensionssystem,buttheyandtheirconstituentsknowperfectlywellthatinanother25yearspeoplewillhavetokeepworkinguntiltheirmid-70s,healthpermitting.

Whathasnotyetsunkinisthatagrowingnumberofolderpeoplesaythoseover50willnotkeeponworkingastraditionalfull-timenine-to-fiveemployees,butwillparticipateinthelaborforceinmanynewanddifferentways:astemporaries,aspart-timers,asconsultants,onspecialassignmentsandsoon.Whatusedtobepersonnelandarenowknownashumanresourcesdepartmentsstillassumethatthosewhoworkforanorganizationarefull-timeemployees.Employmentlawsandregulationsarebasedonthesameassumption.Within20or25years;however,perhapsasmanyashalfthepeoplewhoworkforanorganizationwillnotbeemployedbyit,certainlynotonafull-timebasis.Thiswillbeespeciallytrueforolderpeople.Newwaysofworkingwithpeopleatarm'slengthwillincreasinglybecomethecentralmanagerialissueofemployingorganizations,andnotjustofbusinesses.

Theshrinkingoftheyoungerpopulationwillcauseanevengreaterupheaval,ifonlybecausenothinglikethishashappenedsincethedyingcenturiesoftheRomanEmpire.Ineverysingledevelopedcountry,butalsoinChinaandBrazil,thebirthrateisnowwellbelowthereplacementrateof2.2livebirthsperwomanofreproductiveage.Politically,thismeansthatimmigrationwillbecomeanimportantandhighlydivisiveissueinallrichcountries.Itwillcutacrossalltraditionalpoliticalalignments.Economically,thedeclineintheyoungpopulationwillchangemarketsinfundamentalways.Growthinfamilyformationhasbeenthedrivingforceofalldomesticmarketsinthedevelopedworld,buttherateoffamilyformationiscertaintofallsteadilyunlessbolsteredbylarge-scaleimmigrationofyoungerpeople.ThehomogeneousmassmarketthatemergedinallrichcountriesaftertheSecondWorldWarhasbeenyouth-determinedfromthestart.Itwillnowbecomemiddle-age-determined,orperhapsmorelikelyitwillsplitintotwo:amiddle-age-determinedmassmarketandamuchsmalleryouth-determinedone.Andbecausethesupplyofyoungpeoplewillshrink,creatingnewemploymentpatternstoattractandholdthegrowingnumberofolderpeople(especiallyoldereducatedpeople)willbecomeincreasinglyimportant.

Fromthepassage,whichisthemaininfluencefactorinthefuture?

A.Theinfluenceofagingproblem.

B.Theshrinkingofyoungerpopulation.

C.Thechangingofworkingstyle.

D.Thechangeofconsumingpattern.

57.Virtuallyallconsumerswillhaveacreditcardintheirlives.Selectingacreditcardshouldnotbesomethingtakenlightly,cardcompaniesareconstantlylookingfornewconsumers,hatonlyafterwiselycomparingoffersshouldyouselectaprovider.Pickacompanythatwillgiveyouareasonablerateandonethatincentivizestheirprogramwithsometypeofrewardforusingtheircard.

Almostwithoutfail,rewardscardstypicallygiveconsumersmoneybackontheirpurchasesorallowyoutoaccumulatepointstowardprizesonfuturepurchases.Ifyoucharge$10,000peryearandyourrewardscardpaysyoua2%rewardonpurchases,youwillreceive$200fromthecompany.Usuallyyouwillgainthefundsintheform.ofseveralcreditstoyouraccountspreadoutoverthecourseerayear,butinsomecasesyouwillreceivetherewardsintheform.eracheek.

Rewardscardsarefreemoney?Onlyifyoudonothavetopayanannualfeeandyoupayyourcreditcardoffeverymonth.Ifyoudonotpayyourcardoffeverymonth,yourrewardcouldeasilybeovershadowedbymonthlyinterestpayments,especiallyifyourinterestrateishigh.Nheory,evenifyoucarrybalancesforaslittleas2-3monthsbeforepayingyourcardoffyoucouldfindyourrewardsfortheentireye