甘肅省定西市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁/共1頁2023年定西市普通高中高一學(xué)生統(tǒng)一檢測考試英語考生注意：1.本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍：新北師大版必修Book1~Book2Unit4。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whydoesthewomanseldomgotothezoo?A.Shehatesthelongwaythere.B.She’sbusywithherbusiness.C.Shedislikestheanimals’smell.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingforadvice.B.Expressinghisthanks.C.Makinganinvitation.3.Wherewillthemangofirstafterclass?A.Thetheater.B.Mr.White’soffice.C.Thelibrary.4.Whatdoesthemando?A.Ateacher.B.Amanager.C.Abookshopassistant.5.Whowillprobablytakecareofthedog?A.Nancy.B.Mark.C.Jason.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithaboutthewoolensuit?A.Thesize.B.Thestyle.C.Theprice.7.Whichsuitdoesthemandecidetobuy?A.Thedarkblueone.B.Thelightyellowone.C.Thedarkbrownone.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesn’tthemanrecognizethewoman’svoiceatfirst?A.Somethingmightbewrongwithhisphone.B.Thewoman’svoiceistoolow.C.Thewomanhasabadcold.9.WhyisJudymentioned?A.Shemayneedanewjob.B.Shehasjustlosthercellphone.C.Nancydidn’tanswerherphone.10.WhoisJudy?A.Theman’sniece.B.Nancy’scousin.C.Theman’scousin.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatdoesLucysayabouthermathteacher?A.He’simpatient.B.He’sstrict.C.He’sexperienced.12.WhoisLucy’sfavoriteteacher?A.Hermathteacher.B.HerEnglishteacher.C.Herartteacher.13.WhereisLucy’sartteacherfrom?A.Canada.B.England.C.America.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhydidthemangotoBangkok?A.Tovisitafriend.B.Togosightseeing.C.Todobusiness.15.Howdidthemangettotheairportatlast?ABybus.B.Bytruck.C.Bysubway.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hegothomeat3:00a.m.B.Helefthishousekeysinthehotel.C.Hewaitedfourhoursforthenextflight.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatistheconferencemainlyabout?A.Airqualitycontrol.B.Theeffectofsmoking.C.Achievementsinproducingcoal.18.WhoisRichardL.Young?A.Areporter.B.Thechairman.C.Anexpert.19.Whenisthecoffeebreak?A.At10:00a.m.B.At11:30a.m.C.At1:30p.m.20.Wherearethemeetingfloors?A.Onthefirstfloor.B.Onthesecondfloor.C.Onthethirdfloor.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheNationalGalleryDescription:TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondon.Ithousesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfromthe13th-centuryreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance.Layout(布局):ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghousesthe13th-to15th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeDuccio,Uccello,VanEyck,Lippi,Mantegna,BotticelliandMemling.ThemainWestWinghousesthe16th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci,Cranach,Michelangelo,Raphael,Bruegel,Bronzino,TitanandVeronese.TheNorthWinghousesthe17th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCaravaggio,Rubens,Poussin,VanDyck,Velazquez,ClaudeandVermeer.TheEastWinghousesthe18th-toearly20th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCanaletto,Goya,Turner,Constable,RenoirandVanGogh.OpeningHours:Thegalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm(Fridays10amto9pm)andisfree,butchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions.GettingThere:Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross(2-minutewalk),LeicesterSquare(3-minutewalk),Embankment(7-minutewalk),andPiccadillyCircus(8-minutewalk).1.WhichsubwaystationisthefarthestfromtheNationalGallery?A.CharingCross. B.PiccadillyCircus.C.LeicesterSquare. D.Embankment.2.WhereareVanGogh’sworksshown?A.IntheEastWing. B.InthemainWestWing.C.IntheSainsburyWing. D.IntheNorthWing.3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegallery?A.ItisopenforeighthourseverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday.B.Youshouldpaytoenteritandchargesapplytoalloftheexhibitions.C.Ithousesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofartworldwide.D.Youcanhaveaccesstothemoremoderncollectionsbyagroundfloorentrance.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹英國國家美術(shù)館的相關(guān)情況。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross(2-minutewalk),LeicesterSquare(3-minutewalk),Embankment(7-minutewalk),andPiccadilyCircus(8-minutewalk).(最近的地鐵站：查令十字（步行2分鐘）、萊斯特廣場（步行3分鐘）、堤岸（步行7分鐘）和皮卡迪利廣場（步行8分鐘）。)”可知，最遠(yuǎn)的地鐵站是皮卡迪利廣場（步行8分鐘）。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Layout(布局)部分第四段“TheEastWinghousesthe18th-toearly20th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCanaletto,Goya,Turner,Constable,RenoirandVanGogh.(東翼收藏了18世紀(jì)至20世紀(jì)初的畫作，藝術(shù)家包括卡納萊托、戈雅、特納、康斯特布爾、雷諾阿和梵高。)”可知，梵高的作品在東翼。故選A。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance.(畫廊的舊藏品可以通過主入口到達(dá)，而東翼更現(xiàn)代的作品最容易通過一樓的入口從特拉法加廣場到達(dá)。)”可知，可以通過一樓的入口進(jìn)入更現(xiàn)代的收藏品區(qū)。故選D。BWhenIwasahighschoolstudent,mathematicslookedlikeabigbarrier(障礙)formeandseveralofmyclassmates.MrIyer,astrictmathsteacher,wasalsoourclassteacher.Healwaysstucktohisdiscipline(紀(jì)律).Wehadtoarriveontime.payundividedattentiontohislectures,anddarednottoignoreanyofhishomework.Evenso,asourclassteacher,wegottoknowhimbetter.Noticingsomeofuscouldn’tsitstillandseemedrestlessonedayasthemid-termexamsapproached,hestoppedsolvingamathematicalproblemtoaskuswhy.“There’stoomuchtodo,”wesighed.“We’reafraidwe’llnevermanagetofinishourrevisionbeforetheexam.”“Nothingisimpossible.”MrIyertoldus.“Thisclassroomisonthesecondfloor.Doyouhaveaproblemreachinghere?”Wereactedwithblankstares.“No,youdon’t!”hesaid,answeringhisownquestion.“Youhaveastaircase(樓梯)tohelpyouclimbuptothislevel.Nooneexpectsyoutomakeitintwogiantleaps(跳躍).Yousimplytakeonestepatatime.Anytaskcanbesolvedifyoufocusontheimmediateactiontobetaken.Therestwilltakecareofitselfifyoukeepatit.Onestepatatime.That’sthesecret.”Thenhewrotedownanoldmottoontheblackboard—thelongestjourneystartswithasinglestep.Havingheardhisstaircaseanalogy(比擬),weunderstoodwhyheaskedusthequestionandwesawhiminanewlight.Mostofmyclassmatesscoreddistinctions(成績優(yōu)異)inmaths.AndIwentontobecomeanEnglishteacher.Tothisday,wheneverIpassonMrIyer’sinvaluableadvicetomyownstudents,theybrightenupattheprospectofalighteracademicburden.4.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.ThewayMrIyertaughthisstudentsmaths.B.Thereasonwhymathswashardfortheauthor.C.Thestudents’pointsofviewonMrlyer’scharacter.D.Thebriefintroductionoftheauthor’smathsteacher,MrIyer.5.WhydidMrIyerstopsolvingamathematicalprobleminclass?A.MrIyerwasalittletiredandwantedtohavearest.B.Somestudentsmadetroubleandaffectedtheclass.C.Themathematicalproblemwasratherpuzzling.D.Somestudentsseemedimpatientandupset.6.Whatisthesecretofreachingone’sgoalaccordingtoMrIyer?A.Thereisonlyonestepbetweensuccessandfailure.B.Takeactionquicklyandmakeprogresslittlebylittle.C.Itisimportanttomakeuseofagoodopportunity.D.Don’thesitatetoaskforhelpwhenmeetingwithbarriers.7.HowdoestheauthorlikeMrIyer’sadvice?A.Strangeandimpractical. B.Incorrectandmisleading.C.Meaningfulandvaluable. D.Simpleanduninteresting.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者高中時候的班主任Iyer先生給學(xué)生們提供了寶貴的建議，要一步一步專注于行動，這樣才可以解決任何任務(wù)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由第一段“WhenIwasahighschoolstudent,mathematicslookedlikeabigbarrier(障礙)formeandseveralofmyclassmates.MrIyer,astrictmathsteacher,wasalsoourclassteacher.Healwaysstucktohisdiscipline(紀(jì)律).Wehadtoarriveontime.payundividedattentiontohislectures,anddarednottoignoreanyofhishomework.(當(dāng)我還是一名高中生時，數(shù)學(xué)對我和我的幾個同學(xué)來說似乎是一個很大的障礙。Iyer先生是一位嚴(yán)格的數(shù)學(xué)老師，也是我們的班主任。他總是遵守紀(jì)律。我們必須準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)。專心聽課，不敢忽視他的任何作業(yè)。)”可知，第一段主要簡略介紹了作者數(shù)學(xué)老師Iyer。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Noticingsomeofuscouldn’tsitstillandseemedrestlessonedayasthemid-termexamsapproached,hestoppedsolvingamathematicalproblemtoaskuswhy.(有一天，當(dāng)期中考試臨近時，他注意到我們中的一些人坐不住了，似乎坐立不安，于是他停止了解一道數(shù)學(xué)題，問我們?yōu)槭裁础?”可知，Iyer先生看到學(xué)生坐立不安所以停止了教學(xué)。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Yousimplytakeonestepatatime.Anytaskcanbesolvedifyoufocusontheimmediateactiontobetaken.Therestwilltakecareofitselfifyoukeepatit.Onestepatatime.That’sthesecret.(你只需一步一個腳印。如果你專注于立即采取的行動，任何任務(wù)都可以解決。如果你堅(jiān)持下去，剩下的就自己解決了。一步一個腳印。這就是秘密。)”可知，Iyer先生認(rèn)為達(dá)到目標(biāo)的秘密是立即行動并一步步努力去接近目標(biāo)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段“Tothisday,wheneverIpassonMrIyer’sinvaluableadvicetomyownstudents,theybrightenupattheprospectofalighteracademicburden.(時至今日，每當(dāng)我向自己的學(xué)生傳授Iyer先生的寶貴建議時，他們都會為減輕學(xué)業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)而感到高興。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為Iyer的建議是非常有價值的。故選C項(xiàng)。COurteenagersarelonely.AnewstudybyHarvard’sMakingCaringCommon(MCC)showsjusthowthatfeelinghasbeencommonandbecomeseriousduringthepastyearwhenwehadtokeepthesocialdistance.Oneyear’sonlinelearningandlifeinthebedroomsratherthantheclassroomsordorm(宿舍)roomscanmaketeenagersfeellonelierthanbefore.Teenagershavebeenmorelikelytobeinfluencedbylonelinessthanolderadults.Experiencinglonelinessiscertainlysad,butitisalsodangerous.Researchersfoundthat63%oftheyoungweresufferingfrombadsleep,anxiety,andpoorhealthduringthelockdown(封閉)andthatnearlyaquarterhadstartedorincreasedsomebadhabits,includingsmoking,drinkingandstayinguplatetodealwiththeirfeelings.Abouthalfoftheyoungpeopleinthestudy,whosaidtheyhadfeltlonely,explainedthatoverthepastweeksnotonepersonhadtakenmorethanjustafewminutestoaskhowtheyhadbeenlately.Itmadethemfeeltheyhadnoonewhoreallycaredaboutthem.Theirparentsthoughttheyhadmuchfreetimeafterlessonsanditseemedthattheyonlyworriedaboutwhethertheirchildrencouldperformtheirschoolworkattheleveltheyoncedid.Theydidn’tknowtheproblem.SianLeahBeilock,thepresidentofBarnardCollege,explainsthatyoungpeopledependonsocialmedia,whichmakesthemespeciallyweaktosocialmedia’sharm.Shealsosuggeststhatfewerclosefriendsmayexplainsomeofthefeelingsofloneliness.Shereportsthatin1986theaverageAmericanhadthreeclosefriendswithwhomtheycouldshareimportantthingsabouttheirlives.In2005,thatnumberhaddroppedtojusttwofriends.Andin2020,oneinfivemillennials(千禧一代)hadnofriendsatall.Theselevelsoflonelinessareheartbreaking.MCCsuggests,asanation,wefirstshouldfocusonteachingtheyoungtomakemeaningfulconnectionsbetweenpeopleandsupportthem.8.Whatdoesoneyear’sonlinelearningandlifeinthebedroomsleadto?A.Teenagers’gettinglonelier. B.Teenagers’gettingbusier.C.Teenagers’gettinghappier. D.Teenagers’gettinghealthier.9.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Badeffectslonelinesshasontheyoung. B.Badhabitsyoungpeopleoftendevelop.C.Benefitsofthelockdown. D.Causesofthelockdown.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”refertoinparagraph3?A.Theyoungpeople. B.Theparents. C.Thefriends. D.Theteachers.11.Howshouldtheyoungdeveloprelationshipwithothers?A.Quickly. B.Meaningfully. C.Widely. D.Patiently.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了青少年很孤獨(dú)的問題，并鼓勵年輕人之間應(yīng)該建立有意義的聯(lián)系?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneyear’sonlinelearningandlifeinthebedroomsratherthantheclassroomsordorm(宿舍)roomscanmaketeenagersfeellonelierthanbefore.(一年的在線學(xué)習(xí)和在臥室而不是教室或宿舍的生活會讓青少年感到比以前更孤獨(dú))”可知，一年的在線學(xué)習(xí)和在臥室的生活讓青少年感到比以前更孤獨(dú)。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchersfoundthat63%oftheyoungweresufferingfrombadsleep,anxiety,andpoorhealthduringthelockdown(封閉)andthatnearlyaquarterhadstartedorincreasedsomebadhabits,includingsmoking,drinkingandstayinguplatetodealwiththeirfeelings.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，63%的年輕人在封閉期間睡眠不好、焦慮和健康狀況不佳，近四分之一的人開始或增加了一些壞習(xí)慣，包括吸煙、喝酒和熬夜來處理自己的情緒)”可知，這一段主要介紹了孤獨(dú)給年輕人造成的壞影響。故選A?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Theirparentsthoughttheyhadmuchfreetimeafterlessonsanditseemedthattheyonlyworriedwhethertheirchildrencouldperformtheirschoolworkattheleveltheyoncedid.Theydidn’tknowtheproblem.(他們的父母認(rèn)為他們課后有很多空閑時間，他們似乎只擔(dān)心孩子能否完成他們曾經(jīng)的學(xué)業(yè)。他們不知道這個問題)”可知，這里的They指代上文中的父母們。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“wefirstshouldfocusonteachingtheyoungtomakemeaningfulconnectionsbetweenpeopleandsupportthem.(我們首先應(yīng)該專注于教育年輕人在人與人之間建立有意義的聯(lián)系并支持他們)”可推知，現(xiàn)在的年輕人之間應(yīng)該建立有意義的聯(lián)系。故選B。DAhydropower(水力發(fā)電)stationemployeewhohadbeenmissingafteramagnitude-6.8earthquake,onSept.5inSichuanprovince,hadbeenfoundaliveonSept.21.GanYu,28,wasrescuedonWednesdaymorningbyNiTaigao,avillagerinYaojinvillageinShimian,acountyundertheadministrationofYa’an,Sichuanprovince,Heheardhisyellforhelpinthemountain,accordingtoShenXiaobing,headofthetownship(鄉(xiāng))government.Astheearthquakewhoseepicenter(震中)isinneighbouringLudingcounty,inSichuan’sGanziTibetanautonomousprefecture,damagedNi’shouseinthemountainousvillage,hehadtorentahousedownthemountain.Twodaysago,NireturnedtothevillagetofeedhissheepandsawrescueworkerswhowerelookingforGanpasshisdamagedhouse.Ashewasfamiliarwiththemountain,hedecidedtoliveinarelative’shomeinthevillagewiththeintentionoflookingforGanduringthedaytime.At7amonWednesday,hetooktwobottlesofbeverages(飲料)andsomecandiesandsetoutfromtherelative’shome.Afterwalkingformorethantwohours,NiheardsomebodyyellingforhelponamountainslopeandfoundGanlyingintheforests.Gan’sclothesweretatteredandhehadinjuriesonhislegs.NiimmediatelycalledthelocalgovernmentandtookoutabottleofbeverageforGantodrinkslowly.Hismentalstatewasgood.Hecriedandsaidhewasluckytohavemetme,Nisaid.Gansaidhehadsurvivedbyeatingwildfruitsanddrinkingwater.At11:30amonWednesday,theearthquakereliefheadquartersofWanggangpingtownshipsent18rescueworkersandtwomedicalworkerstothesitewhereGanhadbeenfound.AhelicoptersenthimtotheLudingcountyseat(縣城),whereheisreceivingtreatmentinhospital.ThesitewhereGanhadbeenfoundinYaojinhasastraight-linedistanceofmorethan10kilometersfromtheWandongHydropowerStationwhereGanworks.Butthereareseveralpeaksinthemiddleandtheroadissteep,Shensaid.Aftertheearthquake,GanandLuostayedintheruinedstationwithoutmobilephonesignalsorfood.Theearthquakekilled93peopleinSichuan,with55inGanziand38inYa’an.12.WhydidNiTaigaoliveinarelative’shomeinthevillage?A.Tolookafterhisrelative. B.Toleadrescueworkers.C.TosearchforGanYuintheday. D.Tofeedhissheepduringthedaytime.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tattered”meaninparagraph5?A.Old. B.Fashionable. C.Changed. D.Torn.14.WhatdoweknowaboutGanYu?A.Hewasasleepwhenhewasfound.B.Hesurvivedbyeatingplantrootsanddrinkingwater.C.HewascarriedtotheLudingcountyseatbyhelicopter.D.Hewasfoundatthefootofamountainbesidetheforest.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthenewsreport?A.Amagnitude-6.8earthquakekills93peopleinSichuan.B.GanandLuostayinruinedstationaftermagnitude-6.8earthquake.C.Manmissingfor17daysaftermagnitude-6.8earthquakefoundalive.D.Localgovernmenttriestosavemanmissingfor17daysafterearthquake.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是新聞報道。文章主要講述在9月5日四川省發(fā)生了6.8級地震，一名失蹤的水電站員工在失蹤17天后被發(fā)現(xiàn)還活著。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ashewasfamiliarwiththemountain,hedecidedtoliveinarelative’shomeinthevillagewiththeintentionoflookingforGanduringthedaytime.(由于他對這座山很熟悉，他決定住在村里一個親戚家里，打算在白天尋找甘宇。)”可知，倪太高住在村里親戚家里是為了在白天尋找甘宇。故選C。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“NiheardsomebodyyellingforhelponamountainslopeandfoundGanlyingintheforests.(倪聽到有人在山坡上大聲呼救，發(fā)現(xiàn)甘躺在森林里。)”可知，地震之后，甘宇一個人躺在森林里，說明他的情況很不好，所以他的衣服應(yīng)該是被樹枝劃破了，腿也受傷了。所以tattered的意思應(yīng)該是“破的”，和選項(xiàng)D意思一致。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“AhelicoptersenthimtotheLudingcountyseat(縣城),whereheisreceivingtreatmentinhospital.(一架直升機(jī)把他送到了瀘定縣城，他正在醫(yī)院接受治療。)”可知，甘宇坐直升機(jī)到了瀘定縣城。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ahydropower(水力發(fā)電)stationemployeewhohadbeenmissingafteramagnitude-6.8earthquake,onSept.5inSichuanprovince,hadbeenfoundaliveonSept.21.(9月5日，四川省發(fā)生6.8級地震，一名失蹤的水電站員工于9月21日被發(fā)現(xiàn)還活著。)”可知，這篇新聞報道主要講述9月5日四川省發(fā)生了6.8級地震，一名失蹤的水電站員工在失蹤17天后被發(fā)現(xiàn)還活著。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoStudyatHomeEffectivelyStudyingathomeiscomfortableandrelaxing.___16___.WatchingTV,eatingsnacksorlookingthroughsocialmediamaytakeyouawayfromyourstudy.Hereareafewwaystohelpyoubeeffective.Getagoodnight’ssleepStudentsofallagesshouldgetatleasteighthoursofsleepeverynight.___17___.Andafullnight’ssleepisespeciallyimportantthenightbeforeatest.StudyattherighttimeEverystudenthashis/herowndailyhighsandlows.___18___.Don’ttrytoforceyourselftostudywhenyourbrainisn’tatitsbest.Trytostudywhenyouarethemostenergetic,sothatyouareabletogainmoreinformation.___19___Whetherit’sthekitchentableorthedeskinyourbedroom,itisnecessarytocreateafixedstudyarea.Trytoreserve(保留)yourbedforsleepingandavoidstudyinginit.Studyinginbedcanmakeyoufeelsleepy.Andkeepyourfixedstudyspaceorganizedsoyoucanputmoretimeintostudyinginsteadoflookingforapenorotherthings.CreateatimetableCreatingatimetablehelpstoorganizeyourtime.___20___.Writeyourscheduledownsoyoucanrefertoitoften.Setreasonablelimitsforhowmuchtimeyouspendstudyingeachday,andbreakyourstudytimeintomanageableperiodsoftime.A.HaveafixedstudyareaB.YourtimemaybewastedC.AndyoucanstudyathomewiththehelpofInternetD.However,itcanbedifficulttostudyathomeeffectivelyEItisespeciallyusefulwhenyouhavedifferentsubjectstostudyF.Somepeoplearenightowls(夜貓子)whileotherspreferthemorningG.Itcanensurethebrainisrefreshedandreadytoprocessalloftheinformationduringtheday【答案】16.D17.G18.F19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹在家高效學(xué)習(xí)的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Studyingathomeiscomfortableandrelaxing.(在家學(xué)習(xí)既舒適又放松。)”和下文“WatchingTV,eatingsnacksorlookingthroughsocialmediamaytakeyouawayfromyourstudy.(看電視、吃零食或?yàn)g覽社交媒體可能會讓你遠(yuǎn)離學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，實(shí)際上在家學(xué)習(xí)有很多缺點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)D“然而，在家有效學(xué)習(xí)可能很困難?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢?。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Studentsofallagesshouldgetatleasteighthoursofsleepeverynight.(所有年齡段的學(xué)生每晚都應(yīng)該至少睡八個小時。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)要有充足的睡眠，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，指出睡眠充足的好處。選項(xiàng)G“它可以確保大腦恢復(fù)活力，并準(zhǔn)備好在一天中處理所有信息?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢隆９蔬xG?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Everystudenthashis/herowndailyhighsandlows.(每個學(xué)生每天都有自己的高潮和低谷。)”可知，每個人學(xué)習(xí)的高效時刻都不一樣。選項(xiàng)F“有些人是夜貓子，而其他人更喜歡早上?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選F?！?9題詳解】此處是本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文“Whetherit’sthekitchentableorthedeskinyourbedroom,itisnecessarytocreateafixedstudyarea.(無論是廚房的桌子還是臥室的桌子，都有必要創(chuàng)建一個固定的學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)域。)”可知，這一段強(qiáng)調(diào)要有一個固定的學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)域。選項(xiàng)A“有一個固定的學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)域?！蹦芨爬ū径?。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Creatingatimetablehelpstoorganizeyourtime.(制定時間表有助于安排你的時間。)”可知，這一段強(qiáng)調(diào)制定時間表的重要性。選項(xiàng)E“當(dāng)你有不同的科目要學(xué)習(xí)時，它特別有用?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GulnaraTolmachevafromRussiahassettleddownandrealizedherdreaminKaramay,aChinesecityabout1,000kilometersawayfromherhomeinNovosibirsk.ThoughhavinghadinterestintheChineselanguageandculturesinceTolmachevawasyoung,the46-year-olddidnotpayherfirstvisittoChinauntil2009.“InUrumqi,Isawdifferentethnicgroups,busynight___21___,andrestaurants___22___variouskindsoffood,”shesays.___23___bythelivelyand___24___diverse(多樣的)city,Tolmacheva___25___tostudyChineseinUrumqi,Xinjiang,in2013.Tolmachevaandherfamily___26___Karamayin2019aftergettingajobofferfromtheChinaUniversityofPetroleum-BeijingatKaramay.She___27___littleaboutthecity___28___itsoilresources,butshenowseesKaramayashersecond___29___.Duringthepandemic,thecompanionship(情誼)ofherstudentsandcolleagues,andthe_____30_____frommanagementpersonnel(管理人員),madeherfeelathome.“Everymorningwewouldwritealistoffoodweneed,whichwouldbe_____31_____bytheevening,”Tolmachevarecalls.“Itoldmyparentsthatwehavefood,myworkisgoingwell,andmysonisquite_____32_____.”Tolmachevaworkedhardtoinspireherstudents.“Language_____33_____isveryimportant,”shesays.“SoItriedmybesttoteachthemRussiansongsand_____34_____shortplays,evenduringonlinecourses.”Tolmachevaalsoappreciatedthewaypeopleofdifferentethnicgroups_____35_____inXinjiang.“LastyearIgavelecturestopeopleinthepetroleumindustry,”shesays.“They’refromdifferentethnicgroups.Allofthemhaveagoodrelationship,andallofthemareworkinghard.”21.A.classes B.markets C.libraries D.offices22.A.keeping B.buying C.packing D.serving23.A.Attracted B.Puzzled C.Frightened D.Shocked24.A.annually B.fortunately C.occasionally D.culturally25.A.failed B.dared C.chose D.refused26.A.movedto B.pointedto C.repliedto D.referredto27.A.reported B.knew C.wrote D.cared28.A.inreturnfor B.becauseof C.exceptfor D.insteadof29.A.home B.university C.company D.city30.A.pressure B.disappointment C.affair D.care31.A.ordered B.delivered C.stored D.wasted32.A.shy B.friendly C.smart D.healthy33.A.research B.translation C.environment D.talent34.A.read B.organize C.collect D.publish35.A.getalong B.workout C.turnup D.showoff【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.C29.A30.D31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述來自俄羅斯的古爾納拉·托爾瑪切娃（GulnaraTolmacheva）在克拉瑪依定居并實(shí)現(xiàn)了她的夢想的故事。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“在烏魯木齊，我看到了不同的民族，繁忙的夜市和供應(yīng)各種食物的餐館，”她說。A.classes課；B.markets市場；C.libraries圖書館；D.offices辦公室。根據(jù)上文“busynight”可知，這里指熙熙攘攘的夜市。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“在烏魯木齊，我看到了不同的民族，繁忙的夜市和供應(yīng)各種食物的餐館，”她說。A.keeping保持；B.buying購買；C.packing打包；D.serving提供。根據(jù)上文“restaurants”可知，這里指提供各種各樣食物的餐館。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：被這座充滿活力和多元文化的城市所吸引，托爾馬切娃于2013年選擇在新疆烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)漢語。A.Attracted吸引；B.Puzzled困惑；C.Frightened害怕；D.Shocked震驚。根據(jù)下文“thelivelyand___4___diverse(多樣的)city,Tolmacheva___5___tostudyChineseinUrumqi,”可知，Tolmacheva被這個充滿活力和具有多種文化的城市所吸引了。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：被這座充滿活力和多元文化的城市所吸引，托爾馬切娃于2013年選擇在新疆烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)漢語。A.annually實(shí)際上；B.fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C.occasionally偶爾；D.culturally文化地。根據(jù)上文“Isawdifferentethnicgroups”可知，在烏魯木齊有多樣的文化。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：被這座充滿活力和多元文化的城市所吸引，托爾馬切娃于2013年選擇在新疆烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)漢語。A.failed失敗；B.dared敢；C.chose選擇；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)下文“tostudyChineseinUrumqi”可知，托爾馬切娃被這個充滿活力和具有多種文化的城市所吸引了，所以選擇在烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)漢語。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：2019年，托爾馬切娃和她的家人在得到中國石油大學(xué)(北京)克拉瑪依分校的工作邀請后搬到了克拉瑪依。A.movedto搬到；B.pointedto指向；C.repliedto回應(yīng)；D.referredto提到。根據(jù)下文“aftergettingajobofferfromtheChinaUniversityofPetroleum-BeijingatKaramay”可知，Tolmacheva收到中國石油大學(xué)北京克拉瑪依分校的工作邀請，所以在那之后，她應(yīng)該是舉家搬到了克拉瑪依生活。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：除了石油資源，她對這座城市知之甚少，但她現(xiàn)在把克拉瑪依視為自己的第二個家。A.reported報道；B.knew知道；C.wrote寫；D.cared關(guān)心。根據(jù)上文“ThoughhavinghadinterestintheChineselanguageandculturesinceTolmachevawasyoung,the46-year-olddidnotpayherfirstvisittoChinauntil2009.”可知，托爾馬切娃和家人第一次來中國，所以對克拉瑪依了解很少。故選B。【28題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：除了石油資源，她對這座城市知之甚少，但她現(xiàn)在把克拉瑪依視為自己的第二個家。A.inreturnfor作為回報；B.becauseof因?yàn)椋籆.exceptfor除了……以外；D.insteadof而不是。根據(jù)下文“itsoilresources”可知，除了石油資源，托爾馬切娃對克拉瑪依這個城市知之甚少。故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：除了石油資源，她對這座城市知之甚少，但她現(xiàn)在把克拉瑪依視為自己的第二個家。A.home家；B.university大學(xué)；C.company公司；D.city城市。根據(jù)上文“but”可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，以前托爾馬切娃對克拉瑪依這個城市知之甚少，但現(xiàn)在是她第二個家。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在疫情期間，她的學(xué)生和同事的陪伴，以及管理人員的關(guān)心，讓她感到賓至如歸。A.pressure壓力；B.disappointment失望；C.affair事情；D.care關(guān)心。根據(jù)下文“madeherfeelathome”可知，能夠使得她感覺賓至如歸的應(yīng)該是她的學(xué)生、同事的陪伴和管理部門對她的關(guān)心。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“每天早上，我們都會寫一張我們需要的食物清單，這些食物會在晚上送到，”托爾馬切娃回憶說。A.ordered命令；B.delivered遞送；C.stored儲存；D.wasted浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)上文“Everymorningwewouldwritealistoffoodweneed”可知，他們每天早上寫出所需要的食物單子，這些食物應(yīng)該是會在晚上之前送達(dá)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我告訴父母，我們有食物，我的工作進(jìn)展順利，我的兒子很健康。A.shy害羞的；B.friendly友好的；C.smart聰明的；D.healthy健康的。根據(jù)上文“Duringthepandemic”可知，這是在疫情期間，所以托爾馬切娃會告訴父母她家人的身體健康情況。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“語言環(huán)境很重要，”她說。A.research研究；B.translation翻譯；C.environment環(huán)境；D.talent能力。根據(jù)上文“Tolmachevaworkedhardtoinspireherstudents.”可知，托爾馬切娃是要教學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)語言，所以給他們創(chuàng)造語言環(huán)境很重要。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此我盡最大努力教他們俄語歌，組織表演短劇，即使在網(wǎng)課上也是這樣。A.read讀；B.organize組織；C.collect收集；D.publish印刷。根據(jù)下文“shortplays”可知，表演短劇應(yīng)該是需要提前安排組織好。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：托爾馬切娃也很欣賞新疆不同民族人民之間的相處方式。A.getalong相處；B.workout解決；C.turnup出現(xiàn)；D.showoff炫耀。根據(jù)下文“They’refromdifferentethnicgroups.Allofthemhaveagoodrelationship”可知，新疆不同少數(shù)民族之間相處的很好。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IbegantogrowupthatwinternightwhenmyparentsandIwerereturningfrommyaunt’shouse,andmymothersaidthatwe___36___(leave)forAmericasoon.Thecountrycouldbe___37___(access)tousatthetime.Wewereonthebusthen.Iwascryingandsomepeopleonthebuswereturningaroundtolookatme.Mymothersaidtome,“Youarebeinglookedatbythepassengersnow.”Inaddition,sheaskedme,“YoumusthavelearnedaboutAmericabefore,haven’tyou?”Isaidyes.IrememberthatIcouldnotbearthethoughtofneverhearingagaintheradioprogramforschoolchildrenwhichIlistenedtoeverymorning.Idonotremembermyselfcryingforthisreasonagain.Infact,IthinkIcriedlittlewhenIwassayinggoodbyetomyfriendsandrelatives,thoughIwas___38___(concern)withthem.Whenwewereleaving,Ithoughtaboutalltheplaces___39___Iwasgoingtosee-strangeandmagicalplacesIhadknownonlyfrombooksandpictures.The___40___(image)ofAmericawereforminginmymind.Thefouryearsthatfollowedtaughtmetheimportanceofthinkingaboutanddealingwithmatterspositivelyandappropriately,buttheide