2021屆黑龍江省哈爾濱高三1月線上學(xué)習(xí)階段性考試英語試題(解析版)

哈三中2020-2021學(xué)年度高三年級線上學(xué)習(xí)階段性考試英語試題（時間：120分鐘滿分：150分）第一部分：閱讀理解（共兩小節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。ATop4CollegesWhoseGraduatesEarntheMostMoneyWhosayscollegeisn’tworthit?Graduatesofeachofthese4smallcollegescanlookforwardtocashinginwhentheyhitthejobmarket.AmherstCollege:Amherst,MassachusettsAverageearnings:$82,000Harvardmaybethemoreselectiveandwell-knownuniversityinthestate,butit’sAmherstCollege’sgraduateswhoarepullinginthesalary.It’sknownasoneofthe“LittleIvies”.DespiteAmherst’stinysize(2,000undergraduatesintotal),itsalumni(校友)networkiswell-connectedandinvolvedwiththestudentbody,whichhelpsexplainwhygraduatesgettopjobopportunities.LafayetteCollege:Easton,PennsylvaniaAverageearnings:$81,000AnotherLittleIvy,LafayetteCollegegraduatesaboutthesamenumberofstudentsasAmhersteachyear.ThosegraduatesmakenearlyasmuchasAmherstgraduatesbasedonZippia’sresearch.It’sentirelypossiblethatLafayette’ssuccessingettingitsgraduatesgoodjobsisthatit’soneofthefewliberalarts(文科)collegesofitssizethatalsoofferitsstudentsengineeringdegrees.HeleneFuldCollegeofNursing:NewYork,NYAverageearnings:$79,300Nursesareinveryhighdemand,accordingtoIndeed,andthatdemandisexpectedtoremainstrong.Thiscontributestothehighpayofferedtothisnursingschool’sgraduates.SodoesitslocationinNewYorkCity,wheresalaries(andthecostofliving)arehigher.BatesCollege:Lewiston,MaineAverageearnings:$75,700Anothersmallliberalartscollege—andLittleIvy—Batesoffers,amongotherthings,asmallteacher-to-studentrate.ItisalsonotedthatBateshasoneofthemostbeautifulcampusesaround,helpingdrawahighlydrivenstudentbody.1.WhatmakesgraduatesfromAmherstCollegegetgoodjobs?A.Schoollocation. B.Helpfromschoolmates.C.Tinysizeofthecollege. D.Schoolrecommendation.2.WhycancollegegraduatesfromHeleneFuldCollegeofNursinggethighpay?A.Theyhavetopayhightuitionfees. B.Theyneedhighlivingcosts.C.Nursesaregreatlyrespected. D.Nursesareingreatneed.3.WhatdoLafayetteCollegeandBatesCollegehaveincommon?A.Similarearnings. B.Beautifulcampuses.C.Thesametypeofcollege. D.Thesamenumberofstudents.4.Wherecanyoumostprobablyfindthispassageinanewspaper?A.Fashion&Entertainment. B.Military&Science.C.Education&Culture. D.Food&Nutrition.【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了畢業(yè)生收入最高的四所大學(xué)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AmherstCollege:Amherst,Massachusetts中最后一句話“DespiteAmherst’stinysize(2,000undergraduatesintotal),itsalumni(校友)networkiswell-connectedandinvolvedwiththestudentbody,whichhelpsexplainwhygraduatesgettopjobopportunities.(盡管AmherstCollege規(guī)模很小(總共有2000名本科生)，但它的校友網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)系密切，與學(xué)生群體密切相關(guān)，這有助于解釋為什么畢業(yè)生能得到最好的工作機(jī)會。)”可知，因為AmherstCollege校友的幫助使得AmherstCollege的畢業(yè)生能找到好的工作。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HeleneFuldCollegeofNursing:NewYork,NY中前兩句話“Nursesareinveryhighdemand,accordingtoIndeed,andthatdemandisexpectedtoremainstrong.Thiscontributestothehighpayofferedtothisnursingschool’sgraduates.(Indeed稱，護(hù)士的需求非常高，而且預(yù)計需求將保持強(qiáng)勁。這使這所護(hù)理學(xué)校的畢業(yè)生獲得了高薪。)”可知，因為護(hù)士的需要量大，這使HeleneFuldCollegeofNursing的畢業(yè)生能得到高薪。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LafayetteCollege:Easton,Pennsylvania中第一句“AnotherLittleIvy,LafayetteCollegegraduatesaboutthesamenumberofstudentsasAmhersteachyear.(另一個小常春藤學(xué)校，LafayetteCollege每年的畢業(yè)生人數(shù)與Amherst相當(dāng)。)和BatesCollege:Lewiston,Maine中“Anothersmallliberalartscollege—andLittleIvy—Batesoffers,amongotherthings,asmallteacher-to-studentrate.(另一所小型的文理學(xué)院，也是一所小常春藤學(xué)校，除了其它外，Bates大學(xué)提供了極低的師生比率。)可知，LafayetteCollege和BatesCollege都是小常春藤學(xué)校，學(xué)校類型是一樣的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“Top4CollegesWhoseGraduatesEarntheMostMoney(畢業(yè)生收入最高的四所大學(xué))”可知，本文介紹了畢業(yè)生收入最高的四所大學(xué)；由此可知，最有可能在報紙的教育和文化專欄發(fā)現(xiàn)這篇文章。故選C。BApileofshoesonafrontporch(門廊)isn’tanythingoutoftheordinaryformosthouseholds,butforHeatherDuckworthitheldaspecialmeaningduringhersons’18thsummer.Themom,whohasan11-year-olddaughter,18-year-oldtwinsons,anda20-year-oldson,wroteaheartfeltpostaboutseeingapileofshoesoutsideherdoorandallthatitrepresents,“TheseshoesmeanthatIhaveahousefullofkids,mostlyteenagers,intheirsummerholiday.Theseshoesmeanthereisprobablynofoodleftinmyhouse.Theseshoesmeannoiseandmessbutlaughterandmusicaswell.”WhenDuckworthreturnedfromworkandsawtheshoesrecently,theybroughtonawaveofsadnessbecausesherealizedthatthingswerechanging.Mostofthekidswhoweartheshoeshavejustgraduatedfromhighschoolandsherealizesthattimeispreciousinher18thsummerwithhersons.Shecontinuesthatsheknowsseeingtheshoesinthehousemeansthatthekidsaresafe,butsoonalltheshoeswillbe“spreadacrosscollegecampuses”andsheknows“alloftheseshoesmightnotfindtheirwaybackhomenextsummeraslifetakesthemonnewadventures.”Thetimemightbebittersweet,butDuckworthwantstofocusoncreatinghappymemoriesratherthanfocusingonthesadnessthatcouldcome.Sheisgoingtobethankfulfortheshoesandenjoyeverymomentwiththekids.Thesentimentalpostgeneratedamassiveamountofinterestwithitbeingsharedover88,000timesinaweekandreceiving14,000comments.Duckworthwastouchedbythecommentsandhowthestoryresonated(共鳴)withsomany.Sheresponds,“WhatagiftyouallhavegivenmeinknowingthatIamnotaloneinfeelingthisway.Motherhoodishard,butweareallinthistogether!”5.WhatdotheshoesmainlymeanforHeatherDuckworth?A.Themessybuthappylife. B.Thetiringanddisorderlyfamily.C.Theendlessandhardhousework. D.Alotofhouseholdresponsibility.6.WhatchangewillhappentoHeatherDuckworth?A.Shewillbetrappedinafinancialcrisis. B.Someofherchildrenwillleaveher.C.Thekidswillnotbesafeanylonger. D.Herchildrenwon’tloveherasbefore.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutthecommentsonHeatherDuckworth’spost?A.Theyaremademainlybymothers.B.Mostreadersdisagreewithheropinionatall.C.Manymothershavethesameexperienceashers.D.Manypeopleareinterestedinplacingshoesproperly.8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AHotPostforGifts B.LiveMoreHappilyC.TheHardMotherhood D.TheChildren’sShoes【答案】5.A6.B7.C8.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了HeatherDuckworth作為四個孩子的母親發(fā)表了一篇感性的帖子，她感慨于門前堆放的孩子們凌亂的鞋子帶來的幸福感，盡管總有一天鞋子的主人會長大并且離開她，但她仍心存感激，享受和孩子們在一起的每一刻?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“…Theseshoesmeannoiseandmessbutlaughterandmusicaswell.(這些鞋子意味著噪音和混亂，但也意味著笑聲和音樂。)”可知，對HeatherDuckworth來說，這些鞋子意味著凌亂但幸福的生活，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“…butsoonalltheshoeswillbe“spreadacrosscollegecampuses”andsheknows“alloftheseshoesmightnotfindtheirwaybackhomenextsummeraslifetakesthemonnewadventures.”(但很快，這些鞋子就將“遍布大學(xué)校園”了。她知道“這些鞋子明年夏天可能不會找到回家的路，因為生活將帶著它們經(jīng)歷新的冒險了”)”可推知，她知道她的幾個孩子長大了，就要離開她了，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thesentimentalpostgeneratedamassiveamountofinterest….Duckworthwastouchedbythecommentsandhowthestoryresonated(共鳴)withsomany.(這條充滿感情的帖子引起了極大的興趣，……。Duckworth被這些評論和故事引起的共鳴所感動)”和“WhatagiftyouallhavegivenmeinknowingthatIamnotaloneinfeelingthisway.(你們給了我多好的禮物啊，讓我知道我不是唯一有這種感覺的人)”可推知，很多母親都有和她一樣的經(jīng)歷，這讓她們產(chǎn)生了共鳴，故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了HeatherDuckworth發(fā)表了一篇關(guān)于孩子們的鞋子的帖子，引起了人們的極大關(guān)注，紛紛分享和評論，所以選項D.TheChildrensShoes(孩子們的鞋子)作為本文標(biāo)題符合主旨，故選D。CBradleyMcConachie,a33-year-oldAustralianisactuallyastudentininternationalrelationscompletinghisPhDthroughGriffithUniversity.HecametoBeijingforacooperativeresearchatBeijingUniversitytwoyearsago.Suchanacademiclifewascolorfulwithachanceofferedbytheculturalexchangesproject,“I’minChina”.Bradleywasluckytowinthemost“l(fā)ikes”forhisphotostoryabouthislifeinChinaandbecameoneof20winnerstovisitlocationsbytheprojectthissummer.Allthewinners’experienceswerefilmedtoproducearealityshow,MyChineseWorkingDay,whichwillbebroadcastbymid-September.BradleywaschosentoworkasarecreationalmanagerforaChinesewedding.Thefilmcrewtookthemtomany“amazingsites”andthestaffattheresorttaughtthemalotabouthowtoincorporatemodernChinesefeatureswhilestillkeepingtraditionalcustoms.“Iwouldhavetosaytwothingsstickoutasthemostmemorable:thehelicopterrideandtalkingwiththestaffatthehotelabouthowtheyorganizeweddingshereinChina,”hesaid.ThatwasBradley’sfirsttimetobeinahelicopter,andhewastooabsorbedwiththe“stunning”viewofthecoastline.“IthinkitissoimportanttoshowotherAustraliansthedifferentlandscapesChinahastooffer.IthinksomanyAustralians,whentheythinkaboutChina,imaginethehistoricalsitesofBeijingandtheexcitingthingstoseeinShanghaibuthavenoideaaboutotherbeautifulplaces,likeSanyaorthemanyotherplacespeoplehavebeentakentointhisTVseries.Itwasnicetoexperiencetheselittletouches.Iwashappytobeapartofthatexperience!”Bradleysaid.9.WhatmadeBradley’slifemorecolorful?A.ObtaininghisPhD.B.Theculturalexchangesproject.C.TheresearchaboutBeijingUniversity.D.Theinterestininternationalrelations.10.WhywasBradleygiventhechance?A.Heproducedtherealityshow. B.HislifeinChinawasinteresting.C.Hewasoneofthetop20winners. D.Helikedphotostoriesmost.11.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“stunning”inParagraph4?A.Fantastic. B.Confusing. C.Plain. D.Extreme.12.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.It’sdifficulttoproducemovingTVseries.B.BeijingandShanghaiarehistoricalsites.C.Bradleywasimpressedbytheviewofthecoastline.D.ManyAustraliansknowlittleaboutChina.【答案】9.B10.C11.A12.D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了布拉德利來到北京大學(xué)進(jìn)行合作研究，他在中國生活的照片故事贏得了最多的“贊”，并成為今年夏天該項目20個有參觀景點(diǎn)機(jī)會的獲獎?wù)咧??！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Suchanacademiclifewascolorfulwithachanceofferedbytheculturalexchangesproject,“I’minChina”.(在“我在中國”文化交流項目的幫助下，這樣的學(xué)術(shù)生活變得更加豐富多彩。)”可知是文化交流項目讓布拉德利的生活更加豐富多彩。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Bradleywasluckytowinthemost“l(fā)ikes”forhisphotostoryabouthislifeinChinaandbecameoneof20winnerstovisitlocationsbytheprojectthissummer.(布拉德利很幸運(yùn)，他的關(guān)于他在中國生活的照片故事獲得了最多的“贊”，并成為今年夏天參觀該項目景點(diǎn)的20名獲獎?wù)咧弧?”可知給布拉德利這個機(jī)會是因為他是前20名優(yōu)勝者之一。故選C?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的第二句“Thefilmcrewtookthemtomany“amazingsites”andthestaffattheresorttaughtthemalotabouthowtoincorporatemodernChinesefeatureswhilestillkeepingtraditionalcustoms.(電影攝制組帶他們?nèi)チ嗽S多“神奇的景點(diǎn)”，度假村的工作人員教他們很多如何在保持傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗的同時融入現(xiàn)代中國特色。)”和第四段最后一句“ThatwasBradley’sfirsttimetobeinahelicopter,andhewastooabsorbedwiththe“stunning”viewofthecoastline.(那是布拉德利第一次坐直升機(jī)，他完全被海岸線的“迷人”景色吸引住了。)”可知劃線詞的意思與第三段中的“amazingsites”部分對應(yīng)，意思是“驚人的”，結(jié)合選項：A.Fantastic不可思議的；B.Confusing令人困惑的；C.Plain痛苦的；D.Extreme極端的。故選A?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“IthinksomanyAustralians,whentheythinkaboutChina,imaginethehistoricalsitesofBeijingandtheexcitingthingstoseeinShanghaibuthavenoideaaboutotherbeautifulplaces,likeSanyaorthemanyotherplacespeoplehavebeentakentointhisTVseries.(我想很多澳大利亞人，當(dāng)他們想到中國的時候，會想到北京的歷史古跡和上海令人興奮的東西，但是卻不知道其他美麗的地方，比如三亞或者這部電視劇中人們?nèi)ミ^的許多其他地方。)”由此可推知，許多澳大利亞人對中國的很多地方還不太了解，知之甚少。故選D。DSomepeopleliketolistentotheBeatles,whileotherspreferGregorianchants.Whenitcomestomusic,scientistsfindthatnurture(培養(yǎng))canoverpowernature.Astudyshowsmusicalpreferencesseemtobemainlyshapedbyaperson’sculturalupbringingandexperiencesratherthanbiologicalfactors.“Ourresultsshowthatthereisaprofoundculturaldifferenceinthewaypeoplerespondtoconsonant(和諧的)anddissonant(不和諧的)sounds,andthissuggeststhatotherculturesheartheworlddifferently,”saysJoshMcDermott,ascientistinCambridge.Somescientistsbelievethatthewaypeoplerespondtomusichasabiologicalbasisandthatthiswouldoverpoweranyculturalshapingofmusicalpreferences,effectivelymakingthemauniversalphenomenon.Somemusicians,bycontrast,thinkthatsuchpreferencesaremoreaproductofone’sculture.Ifaperson’supbringingshapestheirpreferences,thentheyarenotauniversalphenomenon.Thetricktoworkingoutwheremusicalpreferencescomefromwastofindandtestpeoplewhohadn’thadmuchcontactwithWesternmusic.McDermottandhisteamtravelledbyaeroplane,carandcanoe(獨(dú)木舟)toreachtheremotevillagesoftheTsimanepeople,whoarelargelyisolatedfromWesternculture.Intheirexperiments,McDermottandhiscolleaguesinvestigatedresponsestoWesternmusicbyplayingcombinationsofnotestothreegroupsofpeople:theTsimaneandtwoothergroupsofBoliviansthathadexperiencedincreasinglevelsofexposuretoWesternmusic.Theresearchersrecordedwhethereachgroupregardedthenotesaspleasantorunpleasant.TheTsimanearejustasgoodatmakingacoustic(聲響的)distinctionsasthegroupswithmoreexperienceofothertypesofmusic,thescientistsfind.Mostpeoplepreferconsonanttones,buttheTsimanehavenopreferencebetweenthem.“Thisprettyconvincinglyrulesoutthatthepreferencesarethingswe’rebornwith,”McDermottargues.“Cultureplaysarole.Welikethemusicwegrewupwith,”agreesDalePurves,ascientistatDukeUniversity.“Natureversusnurtureisalwaysafool’serrand.It’salmostalwaysacombination,”headds.13.WhydoestheauthormentionBeatlesinthefirstparagraph?A.Tocomparepeople’spreferencesformusic.B.Tostresstheimportanceofmusic.C.Tointroducethetopictobediscussed.D.Toencouragereaderstolistentotheirmusic.14.McDermottwouldmostprobablyagreethat________.A.people’smusicpreferenceisauniversalphenomenonB.ChineseandJapanesehavedifferentmusicpreferencesC.thewaypeoplerespondtomusicisbiologicallydecidedD.parentshavenothingtodowithchildren’smusicpreference15.WhatdoweknowabouttheTsimaneintheexperiment?ATheypreferconsonanttones.B.Theyarebornwithexcellentmusictalent.C.Theydowellintellingacousticdistinctions.D.TheyhaveneverhadcontactwithWesternmusic.16.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“afool’serrand”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Somethingmeaningless. B.Somethingsignificant.C.Somethingreliable. D.Somethingsensitive.【答案】13.C14.B15.C16.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們對音樂的偏好是先天與后天培養(yǎng)的結(jié)合?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SomepeopleliketolistentotheBeatles,whileotherspreferGregorianchants.Whenitcomestomusic,scientistsfindthatnurture(培養(yǎng))canoverpowernature.(有些人喜歡聽披頭士的歌，而另一些人則喜歡格里高利圣歌。在音樂方面，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，后天培養(yǎng)可以戰(zhàn)勝天性)”可知，作者在第一段提到了甲殼蟲樂隊來介紹要討論的話題，故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Ourresultsshowthatthereisaprofoundculturaldifferenceinthewaypeoplerespondtoconsonant(和諧的)anddissonant(不和諧的)sounds,andthissuggeststhatotherculturesheartheworlddifferently,(我們的研究結(jié)果表明，人們對和諧音和不和諧音的反應(yīng)存在著深刻的文化差異，這表明不同文化對世界的看法是不同的)”可知，McDermott很可能同意中國人和日本人有不同的音樂偏好這一觀點(diǎn)，故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“TheTsimanearejustasgoodatmakingacoustic(聲響的)distinctionsasthegroupswithmoreexperienceofothertypesofmusic,thescientistsfind.(科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，Tsimane人與其他類型音樂經(jīng)驗豐富的人一樣，擅長區(qū)分聲音。)”可知，Tsimane人能很好地分辨聲音的差別，故選C?！?6題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“It’salmostalwaysacombination(它幾乎總是混在一起的)”可知，拿“先天”與“后天”作對比是一件“毫無意義”的事情，劃線的短語afoolserrand與選項A.Somethingmeaningless(毫無意義的事情)意思相同，故選A。EAsanewageofgeneticresearchdrawsnear,soon,wemaybeabletochoosethehaircolor,buildtheIQofouroffspring.Shouldwechangeembryos(胚胎)toimproveintelligenceorphysicalcharacteristics?Abeautyeditorbelievesitwillbedifficulttostopthedemandfor“designerbabies”oncethetechnologyisinplace.“Oncegeneticscientistscanchangeembryostoproducemorebeautifulchildren,therewillbeconsumerdemand,”shesays.Sheacknowledgesthatfashionmagazinesmaybepartlyresponsibleforfuelingthisdiscontentwithacertainkindofappearance,butclaimsonecannotblamethemediaaloneifpeoplebelieveabitofplasticsurgery(整形手術(shù))willtransformtheirlives.“Likeitornot,”sheargues,“weknowthattheprettyapplicantgetsthejobandthebest-lookingactorgetsthepart.”Well-knownplasticsurgeonsagreewiththisview.“Peoplearelookingforrespectandself-confidenceinadog-eat-dogworldthatmeasuresusbyourappearance,”onespecialistclaims.“Iunderstandtheiranxietyandofferasolution—cosmeticenhancement(整容美化).Thenextlogicalstep,medicallyspeaking,isgeneticenhancement,whichwouldendow(賦予)theunbornchildwithsimilarphysicaladvantages.”Somephilosophersalsoapproveofgeneticintervention(介入).Asoneofthemputit,“Whatparentdoesn’twishforabeautiful,healthybaby?Whyisitmorallyunacceptabletousetechnologytograntthatwish?Moreover,achilddesignedtohavehighintelligenceorsportingabilitywouldhardlyhavegroundsforcomplaint.”However,manypeoplearedeeplydisturbedbytheideaofembryoenhancement.Somefearitwillleadtoareductioningeneticdifferences,resultinginalackoftolerancefordiversityanddisability.“AndwhoistosaythatthisfuturegenerationofBarbieswillbecontent?”asksthebeautyeditor.Inherexperience,peoplewhopursuephysicalperfectionthroughplasticsurgeryaren’tnecessarilysatisfied.Theymaysufferunwantedsideeffects—insecurityandincreasingdissatisfactionwiththeirself-image.Whatifthesubjectsofgeneticintervention,ortheirparents,weretofeelsimilarlydissatisfied?17Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thisview”inParagraph3referto?A.Peopleareoftenjudgedbytheirlooks.B.Cosmeticsurgeryreducespeople’slives.C.Themediamakepeopleworryabouttheirlooks.D.Peopleprefergeneticenhancementtoplasticsurgery.18.Whatistheattitudeofthephilosophertogeneticenhancement?A.Ambiguous. B.Disapproving.C.Agreeable. D.Cautious.19.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatfeelingofdoubtdoesthebeautyeditorhaveaboutgeneticenhancement?A.Thosewhoreceiveitmaynotliketheresults.B.ItwillmakefuturegenerationslooklikeBarbies.C.Themoneyitrequiresshouldbespentongeneralmedicalcare.D.Itwillraisethestandardsofphysicalbeautytounattainablelevels.20.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofgeneticenhancement.B.Thedevelopmentofgeneticenhancement.C.Thepromisingfutureofgeneticenhancement.D.People’sdifferentperspectivesongeneticenhancement.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.D【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要討論人們對美化基因的不同觀點(diǎn)。【17題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Peoplearelookingforrespectandself-confidenceinadog-eat-dogworldthatmeasuresusbyourappearance（在一個以貌取人的世界里，人們在尋求尊重和自信）”可知，thisview指的是人們經(jīng)常被評論外貌，故選A項?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Somephilosophersalsoapproveofgeneticintervention(介入).（一些哲學(xué)家也贊同基因介入）”可知，哲學(xué)家對基因美化持贊同的態(tài)度，故選C項?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““AndwhoistosaythatthisfuturegenerationofBarbieswillbecontent?”asksthebeautyeditor.Inherexperience,peoplewhopursuephysicalperfectionthroughplasticsurgeryaren’tnecessarilysatisfied.（美容編輯問：誰能說將來這代的芭比娃娃會滿意？在她的經(jīng)歷中，那些追求完美身體的人在經(jīng)過整形手術(shù)后不一定會滿意）”可知，美容編輯擔(dān)心接受基因美化的人可能對結(jié)果不滿意，不喜歡，故選A項?！?0題詳解】文章大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Abeautyeditorbelievesitwillbedifficulttostopthedemandfor“designerbabies”oncethetechnologyisinplace.（一個美容編輯相信一旦科技準(zhǔn)備就緒，那么停止人們設(shè)計嬰兒將是很難的）”及第四段“Somephilosophersalsoapproveofgeneticintervention(介入).（一些哲學(xué)家也贊同基因介入）”及最后一段“However,manypeoplearedeeplydisturbedbytheideaofembryoenhancement.（然而許多人對胚胎美化這個想法很不安）”可知，文章主要介紹人們對美化基因的不同觀點(diǎn)，故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoBreaktheAnxietyCyclePeoplewhosufferfromanxietytendtobestuckinanongoingloopofavoidance.It’stheclassicdynamicofanxiety:___21___,oursymptomstendtoincrease,andinturnthisdrivestheanxietyupandmakesthethingswe’reafraidofscarier.Herearesometechniquesonhowtoslowlyovercomethismentalhealthchallenge.___22___.Wordshavepower.Forexample,saying“Iampanickedaboutgoingtothispartytonight”willputyouinamorenegativestateofmindcomparedtosaying“I’dpreferifIdidn’thavetogotothisparty.”Startbyputtingyourwordstothepositiveandtoapointwhereyoustillfeelitresonates（共鳴）.Letgoofperfectionism.Peoplewithsocialanxietyfeelasiftheyarewalkingonasocialtightrope.___23___.Wehaveunrealistichighstandardswherewethinkwemustbecool,positive,andwittywhilecarryingtheentireconversation—it’stoomuch.Andkeepinmindthatyouarenotexpectedtobesomeoneyou’renotinordertogetpeopletolikeyou.Makesmallgestures.Insteadof“jumpingoffacliff”andwalkingstraightintoasituationthatmakesyouanxious,startbecomingmoreexpressiveinsituationsthatyoufeelarelessthreatening.___24___,saygoodmorningtoaneighboryourarelyspeakwith,ortellyourhairstylisttheexactlookyou’regoingforinsteadofagreeingwiththeirsuggestion.Shiftyourawareness.Ourattentionislikeaspotlightandwechoosewheretopointit.Thosewithsocialanxietytendtopointthatspotlightinwardandstatethecommentaryofourinnercritic.___25___.A.ChooseyourwordscarefullyB.PayattentiontoyourhealthconditionC.Forexample,askastrangerfordirectionsD.Whenweavoidthethingswe’reafraidofE.IfthethingsreducefeelingsofsocialanxietyF.It’sthisideathatweneedtoperformperfectlyG.Focusonwhat’shappeningaroundyou,notinsideyou【答案】21.D22.A23.F24.C25.G【解析】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述一些克服心理挑戰(zhàn)的技巧，讓患有焦慮癥的人打破焦慮循環(huán)?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)上文Peoplewhosufferfromanxietytendtobestuckinanongoingloopofavoidance.患有焦慮的人往往被困在一個持續(xù)的回避循環(huán)中，由此可推斷出我們越回避，癥狀應(yīng)該是增加的，故D選項Whenweavoidthethingswe’reafraidof當(dāng)我們回避我們害怕的事情時，符合語境，故選D?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)下文說Wordshavepower.語言有力量，可推斷上文是要講語言方面的，A選項Chooseyourwordscarefully仔細(xì)選擇你的言語，切題，故選A?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)文章中心標(biāo)題Letgoofperfectionism.放下完美主義。F選項It’sthisideathatweneedtoperformperfectly這是我們需要完美表現(xiàn)的想法，符合段落中心，切題，故選F?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)下文saygoodmorningtoaneighboryourarelyspeakwith,ortellyourhairstylisttheexactlookyou’regoingforinsteadofagreeingwiththeirsuggestion.向你很少說話的鄰居說早上好，或者告訴你的發(fā)型師你要做的確切形象，而不是同意他們的建議，可知這些都是你做些小手勢的例子，因此C選項Forexample,askastrangerfordirections例如，向陌生人詢問方向，符合語境，故選C?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)上文Thosewithsocialanxietytendtopointthatspotlightinwardandstatethecommentaryofourinnercritic.那些有社交焦慮的人傾向于指出聚光燈是內(nèi)在的，并陳述我們內(nèi)心批評者的評論，可推斷下文是就這一問題的解決方法，G選項Focusonwhat’shappeningaroundyou,notinsideyou專注于你周圍發(fā)生的事情，而不是你內(nèi)心的事情，切題，故選G。第二部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)：完型填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ和Ｄ中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。EventhoughI’velivedinWalnutCreekforfouryears,Idon’tknowmanyofmyneighbours.Now,duringthemask-wearing,stay-insideweeksofthepandemic(大流行病),itwouldbegreattohaveasocially-distanced____26____withaneighbor,buthowwouldI____27____meetanyofthem?Anyway,atleastIhadmycatJuniorfor____28____.Lastweek,Junior____29____throughtheopenwindowwhileIwascleaningthewindowsill(窗臺)butIdidn’tthinktoomuchofit,____30____heissometimesgoneforanhourortwobeforehe____31____thewindowtolethimbackin.Butthistime,ithadbeenalmostawholedayandJuniorhadn’tcomeback.Thatnever____32____.Ikeptworryinghemight____33____todeath.Icookedand____34____achickenbreastandputitonthewindowsill.Juniorwouldneverbeableto____35____aspecialtreatlikethat.Butwhenhereturnedwithmorethan25hoursgone,he____36____overtheplateofchicken,____37____itcompletely.Thenextmorningthechickenstillsatontheplate,____38____.Ohno,washesick?Iwas____39____whentherewasaknockatmydoor.Iopenedittoseeafamiliar-lookingwoman,____40____andstandingsixfeetback.“I’mfromApartment4334,”shesaid.“YourcatwasoutsidemeowingandIthoughtyoumightbetoo____41____tofeedhim,soIchoppedupsomefishsticksandhe____42____themdown.Ijustcamebytoseeifyouneedanything.”Ithankedheralotforher____43____.Howwonderfulitwastomeetsuchaneighbor,becauseshewaskindenoughtothinkaboutus.Nevertheless,I’mgoingtokeepJunioronlockdown.Ican’thavehimgetting____44____becauseofmygenerousand____45____neighbor!26.A.rest B.chat C.chance D.discussion27.A.fairly B.simply C.regularly D.possibly28.A.compromise B.safety C.encouragement D.company29.A.escaped B.stared C.flew D.moved30.A.when B.unless C.since D.though31.A.taps B.smells C.breaks D.licks32.A.happened B.appeared C.remained D.left33.A.bleed B.frighten C.freeze D.starve34.A.boiled B.sliced C.prepared D.bought35.A.accept B.resist C.stand D.receive36.A.kicked B.looked C.jumped D.knocked37.A.refusing B.ruining C.spoiling D.ignoring38.A.unnoticeable B.untouched C.unpaid D.unrecognizable39.A.worried B.inspired C.puzzled D.annoyed40.A.coated B.hatted C.masked D.grey-haired41.A.busy B.tired C.anxious D.careless42.A.put B.washed C.wolfed D.turned43.A.proposal B.courage C.kindness D.comfort44.A.lost B.wild C.noble D.fat45.A.honest B.thoughtful C.brave D.cautious【答案】26.B27.D28.D29.A30.C31.A32.A33.D34.B35.B36.C37.D38.B39.A40.C41.A42.C43.C44.D45.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了我十分感謝我的鄰居，因為在我的貓跑出去之后，友善的鄰居給貓喂食的故事?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，在這段要求帶口罩，居家的流行病期間，和鄰居進(jìn)行一場保持社交距離的談話該多棒啊。A.rest休息；B.chat閑聊；C.chance機(jī)會；D.discussion討論。由下文“buthowwouldI2meetanyofthem?”可知，作者想要見到鄰居，故推測作者認(rèn)為在居家期間跟鄰居閑聊是一個不錯的體驗。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但我怎么可能見到他們呢？A.fairly一定地；B.simply簡單地；C.regularly有規(guī)律地；D.possibly可能。由上文“stay-inside”可知，在流行病期間，要求居家，所以是不可能見到鄰居。故選D。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無論如何，至少我有我的寵物貓Junior陪伴。A.compromise妥協(xié)；B.safety安全；C.encouragement鼓勵；D.company陪伴。由上文“buthowwouldI2meetanyofthem?”可知現(xiàn)在難以見到鄰居，故此處意為至少我還有貓作伴。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：上周，我在清理窗臺的時候，Junior從開著的窗戶跑出去了，但是我沒太在意。A.escaped逃跑；B.stared盯著看；C.flew飛；D.moved移動。由下文“heissometimesgoneforanhourortwobefore”Junior是從窗戶那兒跑出去了。故選A。【30題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：因為它有時候跑出去一兩個小時后會敲窗戶，然后我會讓它進(jìn)來。A.when當(dāng)······時候；B.unless除非；C.since因為；D.though盡管。由上文“butIdidn’tthinktoomuchofit,”可知作者看到貓跑出去沒有在意，因此推知“因為”它之前跑出去過。故選C。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因為它有時候跑出去一兩個小時后會敲窗戶，然后我會讓它進(jìn)來。A.taps輕敲；B.smells聞起來；C.breaks（使）破，裂，D.licks舔。由下文“tolethimbackin”，可知應(yīng)該是貓敲窗戶，發(fā)出聲響，然后作者打開窗戶讓它進(jìn)來。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這從來沒發(fā)生過。A.happened發(fā)生；B.appeared出現(xiàn)；C.remained保持不變；D.left離開。由上文“heissometimesgoneforanhourortwo”和“Butthistime,ithadbeenalmostawholedayandJuniorhadn’tc