2019譯林版高中英語選擇性必修一Unit1 Food matters 知識清單（教師版）

。。。閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀saucern.碟狀物，茶碟，茶托vinegarn.醋tiramisun.提拉米蘇bakeryn.面包(糕餅)店layern.層，表層；層次creamn.奶油，乳脂；護(hù)膚霜ingredientn.材料，成分；因素，要素chilli(AmEchili)n.辣椒Sichuanpeppern.花椒springonionn.小蔥，香蔥saucen.調(diào)味汁，醬Cantoneseadj.粵語的，廣東人(或文化)的n.(pl.Cantonese)廣東人；粵語dimsumn.點心gramn.克wrappern.(食品等的)包裝材料，包裝紙重點單詞識記moodn.情緒，心情；氣氛，氛圍creamyadj.含奶油的；像奶油的，光滑細(xì)膩的；淡黃色的flavour(AmEflavor)n.味，味道；特點，特色vt.給……調(diào)味，加味于dessertn.(飯后)甜點，甜食linkvt.聯(lián)系，相關(guān)聯(lián)；把……連接起來n.聯(lián)系，連接；關(guān)系，紐帶；鏈接emotionn.情感，強烈的感情，激情，情緒nativen.出生于某國(或某地)的人；本地人adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的；土產(chǎn)的saltyadj.咸的，含鹽的souradj.酸的，有酸味的；餿的vi.&vt.(使)變壞；變味，酸腐bondn.紐帶，聯(lián)系；連接，結(jié)合generatevt.產(chǎn)生，引起calorien.卡，卡路里；千卡digestvt.&vi.消化；領(lǐng)會，理解n.摘要，文摘lowervt.降低，減少；把……放低，使……降下adj.下面的；在底部的；低洼的cyclen.循環(huán)；自行車，摩托車vi.騎自行車enhancevt.提高，增強boilvi.&vt.用沸水煮；(使)沸騰fryvt.&vi.油炸，油煎steakn.牛排；肉排，肉塊pann.平鍋，平底鍋buffetn.自助餐bayn.(?；蚝?灣sceneryn.風(fēng)景，景色；舞臺布景betn.打賭，賭注；預(yù)計，估計vi.&vt.(bet,bet)下賭注，打賭；敢說atmospheren.氣氛，氛圍；大氣；氣體；空氣versionn.變體，變種；說法；版本fillingn.(糕點等的)餡elderlyadj.年紀(jì)較大的，上了年紀(jì)的bakevt.&vi.烘烤；烤硬mildadj.不濃的，淡味的；暖和的；溫和的；不嚴(yán)重的cheesen.干酪，奶酪bitteradj.味苦的；激烈的；令人難過的；嚴(yán)寒的looseadj.不受約束的；未固定牢的；零散的；寬松的；疏松的onionn.洋蔥，蔥頭dampadj.潮濕的，濕氣重的dynastyn.朝，代；王朝multipleadj.數(shù)量多的，多樣的plainadj.樸素的，簡單的；清楚的n.平原slicen.薄片，片；部分，份額vt.把……切成片；切開，割破chefn.主廚，廚師propertyn.性質(zhì)，特性；所有物，財產(chǎn)；不動產(chǎn)estimatevt.估計，估價n.估計；估計的成本essentialadj.必不可少的；本質(zhì)的，基本的conceptn.概念，觀念stimulatevt.促進(jìn)，激發(fā)；刺激，使興奮appetiten.食欲，胃口；強烈欲望delicateadj.精致的，精細(xì)的，精密的；易損的，易碎的，脆弱的emphasisn.(pl.emphases)強調(diào)，重視；重讀steamvt.&vi.蒸；散發(fā)蒸汽n.水蒸氣；蒸汽動力；水汽cabbagen.甘藍(lán)，卷心菜edgen.邊，邊緣；刀口apartadv.成碎片；分開；相隔核心詞匯拓展combinationn.結(jié)合體，聯(lián)合體；聯(lián)合，混合→combinevt.&vi.(使)融合；(使)結(jié)合，(使)混合；兼做，合并greedilyadv.貪婪地，貪心地→greedyadj.貪婪的；貪吃的；渴望的→greedn.貪婪gentlyadv.輕柔地，溫和地→gentleadj.溫和的；文雅的associationn.聯(lián)想，聯(lián)系；協(xié)會，社團；聯(lián)合，交往→associatev.聯(lián)想，聯(lián)系；(使)關(guān)聯(lián)；交往varyvi.相異，不同；(根據(jù)情況)變化，變更vt.變更，改變→variousadj.各種各樣的；多方面的→varietyn.多樣；種類；多樣化relievevt.解除，減輕；緩和，緩解→reliefn.救濟；減輕，解除；安慰securityn.安全；保護(hù)措施；保安部門；擔(dān)保，保證→secureadj.安全的vt.獲得；保護(hù)；使安全impressvt.&vi.使欽佩，給……留下深刻印象；使意識到→impressionn.印象；效果→impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的adorableadj.可愛的，討人喜愛的→adorevt.崇拜；愛慕；喜愛；極喜歡foggyadj.有霧的，霧茫茫的→fogn.霧expandvt.&vi.增加，擴大；擴展，發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))；詳談，詳述→expansionn.擴大；擴張；擴充appropriateadj.合適的→appropriatelyadv.適當(dāng)?shù)?；合適地consumevt.吃，喝，飲；消耗，耗費(尤指燃料、能量或時間)→consumern.消費者；顧客→consumptionn.消費，消耗量；吃，喝innovationn.創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)新；新思想，新方法→innovatevi.創(chuàng)新；改革；革新mixturen.混合物；混合，結(jié)合→mixv.(使)混合，(使)結(jié)合→mixedadj.復(fù)雜的；混合的核心短語速記dothetrick奏效，起作用，達(dá)到目的cryoutfor迫切需要throwoneselfinto投身于，熱衷于outofthisworld好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫l(wèi)etsth.loose放任；釋放hitthespot使人滿意，正合需要fallapart破碎，破裂；崩潰nottomention更不用說……referto參考；涉及；指的是makeupfor彌補varyfrom...to...從……到……不等becoveredwith被……蓋滿；充滿著……allyearround全年；一整年takeoff起飛；脫下；離開；迅速流行foresee(foresaw,foreseen)vt.預(yù)見；預(yù)知forgetfuladj.健忘的；不留心的forgive(forgave，forgiven)vt.原諒；寬恕fortnightn.十四日，兩星期fortunateadj.幸運的；僥幸的fragileadj.脆的；易碎的frequentadj.經(jīng)常的；頻繁的furnituren.(總稱)家具gardeningn.園藝學(xué)generaladj.大體的；籠統(tǒng)的；總的Nomatterhowbadmymoodis,thatperfectcombinationisalwaysenoughtoliftmyspirits.(“nomatter＋疑問詞”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)不論我情緒有多差，這種絕妙的組合都足以令我振作。Inthisarticle,wewilltalkaboutaparticulartypeofcomfortfoodwhosepowermainlyliesintheassociationsitcallstomind.(whose引導(dǎo)定語從句)在本文里，我們將討論一種特別的治愈系食物，它的力量主要在于它所喚起的聯(lián)想。Whenweeatitagain,weunlockmemoriesofatimewhenwewerelovedandlookedafter,andthischeersusup.(when引導(dǎo)定語從句)當(dāng)再次喝到雞湯時，我們解鎖記憶，回想起受到疼愛與關(guān)懷的時光，這就會讓我們的情緒變好。Themouth-wateringhotpotsofSichuanareasfamousoverseasastheyareinChina,and...(as...as...和……一樣……)令人垂涎欲滴的四川火鍋，在國外和在中國一樣的出名……Thehotflavourquickenedourlaughterandconversation,makingthemealtheperfectwaytorelaxwithfriends.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語)熱辣的味道讓大家談笑起來更有興致，使這頓飯成為與朋友放松的完美方式。WhatIlovebestaboutSichuanhotpotsisthattheyofferagreatopportunitytosocializewithfriendssinceamealcanlastforhours.(what引導(dǎo)主語從句，that引導(dǎo)表語從句)我最喜歡四川火鍋的一點在于，它為朋友間的交往提供了很棒的機會，因為一頓飯能吃上好幾個小時。請先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對答案并背誦該短文。appropriate,atmosphere,impress,native,enhance,relieveWhenevermyfatherisinabadmood,hecanalwayslifthisspirits.Heusuallycyclestoanearbycafeteriatoconsumesomesaltybutcreamyslicesofsteak.Thefriendly1.atmospheretherecombinedwithbeautifulscenerycan2.relievehisstressandhesoonbecomeshappyagain.ThesteakthereisoutofthisworldandIbetitwillalso3.impressyouwithitsuniqueflavors,varyingfrommildlyspicytoslightlysalty.Itisestimatedthatmorethan3004.nativesortouristsgothereforabuffeteveryday.Asisknowntoall,beefcangeneratemorecalories,5.enhancepeople’simmunity(免疫力)andstimulatepeople’sappetite.Soitisessentialforustoconsumean6.appropriateamountofbeeftokeepfitandthesteakwillhitthespot.Whynotgoandenjoythesteakthere?提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯combinationn.聯(lián)合體，結(jié)合體；聯(lián)合；混合(combinev.使結(jié)合，使混合；融合；兼做，合并)incombinationwith與……聯(lián)合combine...with/and...將……與……結(jié)合在一起combinetodosth.聯(lián)合起來做某事Acombination(combine)ofallkindsofingredientsproducedthedeliciousdimsum.Thefirmisworkingonanewproductincombinationwithseveraloverseaspartners.Itisessentialforustocombinewhatwehavelearnedwithpractice.均衡的飲食與定期鍛煉相結(jié)合會更有利于我們的健康。(話題寫作之飲食與健康)Abalanceddietcanbebetterforourhealthwhencombinedwithregularexercise.associationn.聯(lián)想，聯(lián)系；協(xié)會，社團；聯(lián)合，交往(associatev.聯(lián)想，聯(lián)系；交往)inassociationwith與……聯(lián)合/有關(guān)聯(lián)associate...with...使……與……聯(lián)系起來beassociatedwith與……有關(guān)Thisexhibitionwasorganizedbythelocalgovernmentinassociationwithseveralpaper-cuttingartists.Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichareassociatedwithsmoking.Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsassociatedwithsmoking.(用過去分詞短語作定語改寫)Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsinassociationwithsmoking.(association)linkvt.聯(lián)系，相關(guān)聯(lián)；把……連接起來n.聯(lián)系，連接；關(guān)系，紐帶；鏈接link...to/with...把……和……連接起來/聯(lián)系起來belinkedto/with...與……相關(guān)聯(lián)alinkbetween...and...……和……之間的聯(lián)系Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweensaltyfoodsandhighbloodpressure.It’ssaidthatasubwaylinewilllinktheairportto/withthecitycenter.高糖飲食與心臟病密切相關(guān)，這一點已經(jīng)得到了證實。(話題寫作之飲食與健康)Ithasalreadybeenprovedthathigh-sugardietsarecloselylinkedto/withheartdisease.expandvt.&vi.增加，擴大；擴展，發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))；詳談，詳述(expansionn.擴大；擴張；擴充)expandinto...擴大為……expandone’sknowledge/horizons拓展知識/開闊視野Despitetherecession,thecompanyisconfidentoffurtherexpansion(expand).Afteryearsofefforts,hiscompanyhasexpandedintoabigone,withbranchesallovertheworld.我寫信是為了申請成為你們隊的志愿者，我認(rèn)為這可以開闊我的視野。(應(yīng)用文寫作之申請信)I’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerofyourteam,whichIthinkcanexpandmyhorizons.estimatevt.估計，估價n.估計；估計的成本estimatesth.at估算beestimatedtobe/have/cost...估計是/有/花費……estimatethat...估計……Itisestimatedthat...據(jù)估計……TheyestimatethecostofthetriptoLiRiverat$5,000.Thenumberofthefoggydaysinourcitylastyearwasestimatedtobe(be)over35.據(jù)估計，到2025年為止，全國將有2000多萬輛共享單車投入運營。Itisestimatedthatmorethan20millionsharedbikeswillhavebeenputintooperationnationwideby2025.mixturen.混合物；混合，結(jié)合[mixv.(使)混合；(使)結(jié)合mixedadj.復(fù)雜的；混合的]mix...with/and...把……和……混合mix...upwith...弄混/混淆……與……；與……混合起來Mixingthecreamwith/andthesaucereleaseswonderfulflavourwhichstimulatesourappetite.Withmixed(mix)feelingsinhisheart,hedoesn’tknowhowtoexpresshisthoughtsinanappropriateway.看到床邊的桌子上放了一盤法式吐司，母親感到既高興又自豪。(讀后續(xù)寫之情感描寫)AtthesightofaplateofFrenchtoastplacedonthetablebesidethebed，themotherfeltamixtureofdelightandpride.fallapart破裂；破碎；崩潰take...apart將……拆開，拆分tell...apart分辨出……setsb.apart使某人與眾不同用apart的相關(guān)短語填空：Whenhearingthathissonwaskilledinthetrafficaccident,theoldfatherfellapart.HehasapreferenceforSichuanpepper,whichsetshimapartfromothersinourdormitory.Rodlovestakingsomedevicesapart.However,henevermanagestoputthemtogetheragain.Youcantellmytwinbrotherandmeapartbythismarkonmyface.Nomatterhowbadmymoodis,thatperfectcombinationisalwaysenoughtoliftmyspirits.不論我情緒有多差，這種絕妙的組合都足以令我振作?！皀omatter＋疑問詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，可放在主句前或主句后。nomatterhow或however后接形容詞或副詞時順序應(yīng)該是：however或nomatterhow＋adj./adv.＋主語＋謂語＋...。whatever,whoever,whichever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時相當(dāng)于nomatterwhat/who/which。Nomatterhowcoldanddampitgets,wemuststicktoourexerciseroutine.AsmanyasfiveEnglishcoursesforbeginnersareprovidedandyouarefreetochoosewhichevercanenhanceyourEnglishlevel.事實上，這意味著如果你真的下定決心要做某事，不管有多難，永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄。Infact,itmeansthatifyouarereallyresolvedtodosomething,nomatterhowdifficultitmightbe,nevergiveup.Thehotflavourquickenedourlaughterandconversation,makingthemealtheperfectwaytorelaxwithfriends.熱辣的味道讓大家談笑起來更有興致，使這頓飯成為與朋友放松的完美方式。現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果，前面有時可加上thus表示強調(diào)。通常位于句末，且常用逗號和前面的句子成分隔開。WhenWilsonheatedit,thecontainerexploded,leaving(leave)Wilsonblindedinbotheyes.(2020·江蘇)Iturnedbacktothetractoronlytosee(see)itmovesuddenlyawayfromme.(2020·浙江)IstudiedEnglishinEnglandforthreeyearsasanexchangestudent.ItallowedmetospeakEnglishfluently.IstudiedEnglishinEnglandforthreeyearsasanexchangestudent,whichallowedmetospeakEnglishfluently.(定語從句)IstudiedEnglishinEnglandforthreeyearsasanexchangestudent,allowingmetospeakEnglishfluently.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)刺骨的寒風(fēng)如狼一般怒吼，使得黑暗更加令人窒息。(讀后續(xù)寫之環(huán)境描寫)Thebone-chillingwindhowledlikeawolf,makingthedarknessevenmoresuffocating.用法點撥：現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)和不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)一般表示符合邏輯的、必然出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果，而不定式常常表示出乎意料的、偶然出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙associationA.n.協(xié)會；聯(lián)盟；社團B.n.聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想C.n.關(guān)聯(lián)，聯(lián)合Weareworkinginassociationwithalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.CI’mwritingthisletterinthehopeofgettingthechancetobeavolunteerofourSchoolEnglishAssociation.AThesquarehadallsortsofpleasantassociationswithchildhoodholidaysforme.BmildA.adj.溫和的；溫柔的B.adj.溫暖的，暖和的C.adj.輕微的；不嚴(yán)重的D.adj.味淡的；不濃的Differentfromme,mytwinsisterprefersmildcheese.DGoodfigureandmildtempermakeherlovedbyall.AThathesufferedfromamildheartattacksurprisedallofus.CWithitsmildclimate,theplaceusuallyattractsvisitorsfromhomeandabroad.B快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。Somehow,themoodofthemeetingwasdistinctivelypessimistic.氣氛,氛圍We’resurprisedthatthemonthlynewsdigestattractsthelittlegirlsomuch.摘要Ifthestructureofyourspeechislooseandconfusing,chancesarethatyourthinkingisalsodisorderedandconfusing.不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)暮诵闹R強化練——鞏固語言知識Acombination(combine)ofwisdom,hardworkandgoodlooksmadeherasuccess.Associateyourselfwithpositive-thinkingpeople,whichwillbebeneficialtoyouinmanyaspects.Allofusagreethatahappymarriageislinked(link)tocommoninterestsandhobbies.Mixedwithwind,therainwasfallingontomyface,whichmademehaveamixtureoflonelinessandhorror.(mix)Afteryearsofdevelopment,thecompanyhasexpandedintoamultinationalenterprise.Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausing(cause)thedelay.Totheircredit,itisestimatedthattheprojectwillcreatemorejobopportunitiesforlaid-offworkers.單句寫作——應(yīng)用文增分練(應(yīng)用文寫作之申請信)我寫信希望成為學(xué)生會主席。(association)I’mwritinginthehopeofbeingchairmanoftheStudentAssociation.一方面，我參加了許多志愿者活動，這擴大了我的知識和視野。(expand)Foronething,Ihaveparticipatedinmanyvoluntaryactivities,whichexpandsmyknowledgeandhorizons.另一方面，我有一定的交流技能和責(zé)任感，這讓我處理一些事情會更容易些。(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語)Foranother,Ihavecertaincommunicationskillsandsenseofresponsibility,makingiteasierformetodealwithsomeaffairs.無論我遇到什么困難，我都會鼓足勇氣克服它們。(nomatter＋疑問詞)NomatterwhatdifficultiesImeet,I’llgatherupmycouragetoovercomethem.我對工作的奉獻(xiàn)精神，再加上決心和信心，我相信我會成為一名合格的學(xué)生會主席。(combine)Mydevotiontotheworkcombinedwithdeterminationandconfidence,IbelieveIwillbecomeaqualifiedchairmanoftheStudentAssociation.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]情感描寫moodn.情緒，心情；氣氛，氛圍greedilyadv.貪婪地，貪心地gentlyadv.輕柔地，溫和地emotionn.情感，強烈的感情，激情，情緒動作描寫dothetrick奏效，起作用，達(dá)到目的relievevt.解除，減輕；緩和，緩解cyclevi.騎自行車stimulatevt.促進(jìn)，激發(fā)；刺激，使興奮環(huán)境描寫bayn.(?；蚝?灣sceneryn.風(fēng)景，景色；舞臺布景atmospheren.氣氛，氛圍；大氣；氣體；空氣mildadj.不濃的，淡味的；暖和的；溫和的；不嚴(yán)重的[續(xù)寫語料運用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯，并用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞完成以下語段。在一個明媚、和煦的下午，高中生Mac正沿著一條小路騎行。微風(fēng)輕輕地吹著。他沐浴在陽光下，心情很好。突然，他聽到了急促而響亮的呼吸聲。他轉(zhuǎn)過身來，看見一只狼正貪婪地看著他。他嚇得僵住了。他在身上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一罐辣椒噴霧。他把噴霧朝狼噴去。讓他松了一口氣的是，這個方法奏效了，狼向后退去。幸運的是，當(dāng)時，在附近有獵人。他們開了一槍，把狼嚇跑了。Onabright,mildafternoon,Mac,aseniorhighschoolstudent,wascyclingalongasmallpath.Thewindblewgently.Bathedinthesunshine,hewasinagoodmood.Suddenly,heheardquickandloudbreathing.Turningaround,hesawawolflookingathimgreedily.Hewasfrozenwithfear.Hefoundoutacanofpeppersprayonhim.Hefiredthesprayatthewolf.Tohisrelief,itdidthetrick.Thewolffellback.Fortunately,atthattime,therewerehuntersinthenearplace.Theyfiredashot,frighteningthewolfaway.詞形變化填空（每小題3分，共18分）Ihavebeeninassociationwiththegirlforseveralyears,andIneverregretassociatingwithher.(associate)Thelittleboymixedvinegarwithsugar,andthemixturetastednotsobad.(mix)Duringthefestival,thesecuritydepartmentshouldtakeresponsibilitytomakepeoplefeelsecure.(secure)Tomyrelief,whattheteachersaysrelievesourstressinthestudy.(relief)Hergentlenatureandconsiderationmovedthepatientswhoweretreatedgent