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Unit9Lesson1

SentencesandGrammar

Sentences

Yourinnervoiceexpressesyourpersonalopinions,whiletheoutervoicetellsyouaboutopinionsfromwhatyouhearorread.內(nèi)心的聲音表達你的個人意見,而外部的聲音告訴你關(guān)于聽到或者讀到的觀點。1while連接并列句while作并列連詞時,意為“而,然而”,表前后意義上的對比。Myfatherwasformyidea,whilemymotherwasagainstit.我爸爸支持我的想法,而我媽媽反對?!練w納拓展】(1)while作從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時,意為“當……時”。WhilehewasinBeijing,hewouldvisittheplacesofinterest.他在北京時,常去參觀名勝古跡。(2)while作從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,意為“盡管”,常常置于句首。Whileourfamilywaspoor,ourparentsmanagedtosendustoschool.雖然我們家很窮,但我們的父母設(shè)法送我們上了學(xué)。 ◆單句語法填空(1)Somepeoplewastefood,

otherssufferfromhunger.(2)

onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.(3)While

(walk)alongthebankoftheriver,Danielsawtwobigwhitebirds.◆翻譯句子(4)湯姆擅長打籃球,而他兄弟喜歡下國際象棋。____________________________________________________________________

(5)盡管遇到了困難,但他設(shè)法使自己的夢想成為現(xiàn)實。_______________________________________________________________whileWhile

walking

Tomisgoodatplayingbasketball,whilehisbrotherisfondofplayingchess.Whilehemetwithdifficulty,hemanagedtomakehisdreamcometrue.Beflexibleinyouropinionsandyoumightendupagreeingwiththespeaker/writerafterall.靈活處理你的意見,你最終可能會同意說話人或者作者的觀點。2祈使句+and/or+陳述句在“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”句式中,祈使句表示條件,相當于if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,陳述句表示結(jié)果。表示順承關(guān)系時用and,表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系時用or。該句式中的陳述句常用一般將來時。Takeregularexercise,andyou’llkeepfit.=Ifyoutakeregularexercise,you’llkeepfit.經(jīng)常鍛煉,你就會保持健康。Hurryup,orwe’llbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,we’llbelate.抓緊時間,不然我們要遲到了。 ◆單句語法填空(1)Giveblood,

you’llsavemanylives.(2)Closethedooroffearbehindyou,andyou

(see)thedooroffaithopenbeforeyou.(3)Listentotheteachercarefully,

youcan’tcatchwhatheissaying.◆翻譯句子(4)聽從老師的建議,你會取得進步。_____________________________________________________

andwillsee

orFollowyourteacher’sadvice,andyouwillmakeprogress.

Ifyoutrytofindoutthesourceofanidea,nomatterhowcrazyitseems,youwillincreaseyourchanceoflearningsomething.如果你試圖找出一個想法的來源,無論這個想法看起來多么不可思議,你都更有機會學(xué)到一些東西。3“nomatter+疑問詞”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句nomatter意為“不管,無論”,與what/who/when/where/how等疑問詞連用,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,相當于whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/however等。Nomatterhowfrequentlytheyareperformed,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.無論演奏多么頻繁,貝多芬的作品仍然吸引著全世界的人。[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]◆單句語法填空(1)

happens,youshouldn’tskipanymealoftheday.(2)

hardheworked,hecouldn’tcatchupwithhismonitor.(3)Wehavetofinishthetask,

longittakes.(4)

youlive,you’reconnectedtotheocean.

WhateverHoweverhowever

WhereverGrammar

接動名詞或不定式的動詞1只接動名詞作賓語的動詞及動詞短語(1)有些動詞(短語)只接動名詞作賓語。請牢記下面的口訣:考慮建議盼原諒(consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse)承認推遲沒得想(admit,delay/putoff,fancy)避免錯過繼續(xù)練(avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practise)否認完成就欣賞(deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate)禁止想象才冒險(forbid,imagine,risk)不禁介意準逃亡(can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape)難以忍受始反對(can’tstand,getdownto,objectto)想要成功堅持忙(feellike,succeedin,stickto/insiston,bebusy)◆單句語法填空(1)

happens,youshouldn’tskipanymealoftheday.(2)

hardheworked,hecouldn’tcatchupwithhismonitor.(3)Wehavetofinishthetask,

longittakes.(4)

youlive,you’reconnectedtotheocean.WhateverHoweverhowever

Wherever習(xí)慣放棄有困難(beused/accustomedto,giveup,havedifficultyin)導(dǎo)致專心防道歉(leadto,devote...to,prevent...from,apologisefor)TheSmithsareconsideringmovingtoacoastaltown.史密斯夫婦正在考慮搬到一個海邊小鎮(zhèn)。Hismothersuggestedbuyinganewcar.他媽媽建議買一輛新的汽車。Ican’tputoffgoingtothedentistanylonger.我不能再拖著不去看牙醫(yī)了。Theysucceededinclimbingthetallestmountainintheworld.他們成功爬上了世界最高峰。

Shirleyisbusygoingoverlessonsforthecomingexamination.雪莉正忙著為即將到來的考試復(fù)習(xí)功課。MotherTeresadevotedherselftohelpingthepoor,thesickandthehomeless.特蕾莎修女致力于幫助窮人、病人和無家可歸的人。Nothingcanpreventusfrommakingourdreamscometrue.沒有什么能阻止我們實現(xiàn)夢想。[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)] (2)后接動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義的動詞在表示“需要”“值得”等含義的動詞如need,want,require,deserve等后面,常接動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義,相當于不定式的被動形式。即:need/want/requiredoing=need/want/requiretobedone(某事)需要被做deservedoing=deservetobedone應(yīng)受……Theflowersinhisgardenwantwatering/tobewatered.他花園里的花需要澆水了。 【誤區(qū)警示】beworth后必須用動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義。beworthy后須用不定式的被動形式,也可先接of再接動名詞的被動形式。Thepalaceisworthprotecting.=Thepalaceisworthytobeprotected.=Thepalaceisworthyofbeingprotected.這座宮殿值得保護。(3)用it作形式賓語用于“動詞+it+賓補+doingsth”結(jié)構(gòu)中。六個常用動詞:make,feel,find,consider,believe,think常用賓補:useless,nouse,nogood,nopleasure,awasteoftime

◆單句語法填空(1)Nobodyshoulddelay

(hand)intheessay.(2)Sheadmitted

(take)awaythemoneyinthedrawer.(3)Trytoavoid

(make)mistakeswhilegivingthedescriptionaboutthecase.(4)Sheinsistedon

(check)every-thingherself.(5)Iappreciate

(get)suchagoodchancetoimprovemyacademiclevel.(6)Ican’thelp

(be)angryabouthisrudebehaviour.(7)Ifyouthinkyouaresickyoushouldnotputoff

(go)tothedoctor. handingtaking

makingchecking

getting

beinggoing(8)Theyobjectedto

(leave)insuchahurry.(9)Doyoufeellike

(have)awordwithhimandtryingtoclearupthemisunder-standing?(10)I’mgoingtogetdownto

(study)Englishthisterm.(11)Welookforwardto________________(bring)innewtechnology.(12)Yourcarisdirty,anditneeds____________________(wash). (13)Theproblemrequires____________________(deal)withatonce.(14)Dr.YuanLongpingreallydeserves____________________(give)somanyawards. leavinghavingstudyingbringingwashing/tobewasheddealing/tobedealt

giving/tobegiven(15)Thisbookisworth

(read)asecondtime.(16)Theoldcarisnotworthy_______________(repair).=Theoldcarisnotworthyof________________(repair).(17)SuddenlyIfeelitisnopleasure

(draw)cartoonsdayafterday.(18)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]Iconsideritnouse

(complain)withouttakingaction.(19)Myparentsconsideritnogood

(make)friendswiththosewhoarecrazyaboutplayingvideogames.(20)Peterbelievesitawasteoftime

(play)chess. readingtoberepairedbeingrepaireddrawingcomplainingmaking

playing2只接不定式短語作賓語的動詞(1)有些動詞只接不定式作賓語。請牢記下面的口訣:決心學(xué)會想希望(decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish)拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝(refuse,manage,care,pretend)主動答應(yīng)選計劃(offer,promise,choose,plan)同意請求幫一幫(agree,ask/beg,help)Theydeterminedtofacethecrisischeerfully.他們決定樂觀地面對危機。MrKingrefusedtochangehismind.金先生拒絕改變主意。Shehaspromisedtodoallshecantohelp.她答應(yīng)盡力幫忙。

(2)用it作形式賓語不定式作賓語時,如果還帶有賓補,常用it作形式賓語,而把不定式放在賓補之后。常用句型:主語+make/feel/find/consider/believe/think+it+形容詞/名詞+todosth。Ifeelitanhonourtobeinvited.能受到邀請,我感到很榮幸。IfinditdifficulttospeakEnglishfluently.我發(fā)現(xiàn)要能流利地說英語是很難的。 【誤區(qū)警示】介詞后一般要接動名詞作賓語,但介詞but,except后接不定式作賓語。如果but,except之前有實義動詞do,則不定式要省略to;但如果but,except之前沒有實義動詞do,則其后的不定式一般要帶to。助記:前有do,后無to;前無do,后有to。Ihavenothingtodobutdependonmyself.我沒有辦法,只好依靠自己。Hehasnochoicebuttogivein.除了讓步,他別無選擇。

◆單句語法填空(1)Whenhisfathersteppedintohisroom,hepretended__________________(study).(2)Allthepeopleintheworldexpect

(live)inapeacefulcountry.(3)Hestillrefused

(give)astatementtothepolicealthoughhehadbeenputintoprison.(4)Ihaveoffered

(paint)thehouseinexchangeforaweek’saccommodation.(5)Tonyhadnochoicebut

(accept)thefactthathefailedintheexam.(6)Lauradidnothingthisweekendbut

(stay)athomewatchingTV.◆完成句子(7)Weall

(認為這很遺憾)forHollandtolosethematch.(8)He

(把讀……當成常規(guī))Englishaloudeverymorning. tobestudyingtolivetogivetopainttoacceptstay

thinkitapity

makesitaruletoread3既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞及動詞短語(1)下列動詞(短語)既可以接動名詞作賓語,也可以接不定式作賓語,但意義上有很大區(qū)別。 doingsth忘記做過某事 todosth忘記去做某事 doingsth記得做過某事 todosth記得去做某事 doingsth后悔做過某事

todosth遺憾地去做某事 doingsth停止做某事

todosth停下來去做某事 doingsth嘗試做某事todosth努力做某事

forgetrememberregretstoptrydoingsth意味著做某事

todosth意欲/打算做某事doingsth禁不住做某事 todosth不能幫助做某事 doingsth繼續(xù)做某事(同一件事) todosth繼續(xù)做某事(另一件事)Iforgettellinghimthenewsthismorning.我忘記今天早上已經(jīng)告訴他這個消息了。Iforgettotellhimthenewsthismorning.我忘了今天早上告訴他這個消息。Irememberseeinghersomewherebefore.我記得以前在某個地方見過她。Pleaseremembertogivemeaphonecallwhenyougetthere.當你到達那里時,請記得給我打個電話。

meancan’thelpgoon(2)動詞like,dislike,hate,love,prefer后接動名詞和不定式作賓語均可。如果表示經(jīng)常性的習(xí)慣行為,常用動名詞;如果表示具體的一次性的行為,常用不定式。Ilikeswimming,butIdon’tliketoswimthisafternoon.我喜歡游泳,但今天下午我不想游泳。Crosstalksareanartformpeopleloveseeingandhearing.相聲是一種人們喜聞樂見的藝術(shù)形式。(3)動詞begin,start后接動名詞和不定式作賓語時意義差別不大,但在以下三種情況下,只接不定式:(1)begin,start的主語是物時。(2)begin,start本身用于進行時態(tài)時。(3)begin,start后接的是表示人的精神狀況或心理活動的動詞,如feel,realise,understand,wonder,know等時。Thehorsebegantorunfast.那匹馬開始跑得快起來。Shewasbeginningtofeeleasy.她開始覺得安心了。TheywerewalkingsoslowlythatIbegantofeelbored.他們走得非常慢,我開始感到厭煩了。 ◆單句語法填空(1)Iremember

(see)hersome-where,buthernameescapesmenow.(2)Myboy,doremember

(leave)thingswhereyoucanfindthemagain.(3)Doyoustillremember

(take)toGuilinwhenyouwereonlyfive?(4)Hearingthejoke,thechildrencouldn’thelp

(laugh).(5)Jackisverybusy,sohecan’thelp

(do)theworkthisafternoon.(6)Hesavedadrowningboyfromtheriver.Icouldn’thelpbut

(admire)him. seeingtoleave

beingtaken

laughingtodo

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