高二英語人教版選修七講義UNIT4SECTIONⅡ

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Asmallbabyhasnoconcept(概念)ofrightandwrong.2．Therainisingin—theroof(屋頂)needsmending.3．Mydecisionisn'trelevant(相關(guān)的)toyoursuggestion.4．Educationshouldbeauniversalrightandnotaprivilege(特權(quán))．5．Theyhavechosentoworkinthatremote(遙遠(yuǎn)的)areaaftergraduation.6．It'simportantthatweshouldtakecareofoureyes,otherwise(否那么)wemaygetshort-sighted.7．I'minterestedinEnglish,andhopetobeaninterpreter(口譯者)inthefuture.8．Iwillorganizesomecampusactivities,like“EnglishEvening〞，aplatform(平臺)wherestudentscanshowtheirEnglish.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1．weeklyadj.&adv.每周的/地→monthlyadj.&adv.每月的/地→yearlyadj.&adv.每年的/地→dailyadj.&adv.每天的/地2．a(chǎn)rrangementn．支配；排列→arrangev．支配3．participatevi.參與；參與→participationn．參與；參與4．muddyadj.泥濘的；泥土般的→mudn．泥；泥濘5．a(chǎn)djustvi.&vt.調(diào)整；(使)適合→adjustmentn．調(diào)整；調(diào)整；適應(yīng)[巧記單詞]派生詞arrangement→arrange＋-mentmuddy→mud＋d＋-yparticipation→participate去e＋-ionⅢ.補全短語1．hearfrom接到……的信2．(be)dyingto 極想；渴望3．eacross 偶然遇到或發(fā)覺；碰見4．stickout 伸出5．dryup (指河流、井等)干枯6．dryout (使浸水等之物)完全變干；干透7．theotherday 不久前的一天8．participatein 參與；參與9．shakehandswithsb.與某人握手10．bemadeof 由……制成1．[教材原句]Butlastweekendanotherteacher,Jenny,andIdidvisitavillagewhichisthehomeofoneoftheboys,Tombe.不過，上周末我和另外一位叫珍妮的老師真的去訪問了一個村莊，我的一個同學(xué)湯貝的家就在那里。[句型點撥]句中visit前用了do表示強調(diào)。[佳句賞析]Whenwedomakeamistake,wemustcorrectitfully,openly,andasquicklyaspossible.當(dāng)我們確實犯錯誤時，我們必需盡快地、公開地并完全地改正它。2．[教材原句]Wewalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—firstupamountaintoaridgefromwherewehadfantasticviewsandthendownasteeppathtothevalleybelow.我們步行了兩個半小時才到達那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇異的景色，然后下一個陡坡，始終走到下面的山谷。[句型點撥]句中fromwhere引導(dǎo)定語從句。where是副詞，相當(dāng)于“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞〞。[佳句賞析]Wewentuptotheroof,fromwherewehadagoodviewoftheprocession.我們到了屋頂上，從那里我們能清晰地看到隊伍。3．[教材原句]Whenhot,heplacedtheminanemptyoildrumwithkaukau(sweetpotato),cornandgreens.待(石頭)燒熱之后，他把石頭連同考考(紅薯)、玉米和青菜一起放進一個空的油桶中。[句型點撥]狀語從句的省略。[佳句賞析]Whenaskedhisopinion,heremainedsilent.當(dāng)問到他的意見時，他默不作聲。1．Itwaswonderfultohearfromyou.(P29)收到你的信真是太快樂了?！飄earfrom接到……的信hearabout/of聽到關(guān)于……的消息；聽說hearsth. 聽見某人做了某事hearsth. 聽見某人正在做某事hearthat... 聽說……①HaveyouheardfromCharlesrecently?Imisshim.你最近收到查理斯的來信了嗎？我想他了。②Ihaveneverheard_ofamanwiththenameJohn.我從來沒聽說過一個名叫約翰的人。③He'sgotagreatvoice—youshouldhear_him_sing.他的嗓音太棒了，你應(yīng)當(dāng)聽聽他唱歌。[點津]hearfrom后面只能接表示人的名詞或代詞，不行接letter作其賓語。hearfromsb.'sletter“收到某人的來信〞。2．Iknowyou'redyingtohearallaboutmylifehere,soI'veincludedsomephotoswhichwillhelpyoupicturetheplacesItalkabout.(P29)我知道你急于了解我在這兒的生活狀況。我在信中附有幾張照片，能夠關(guān)心你想象出我所談到的地方?！?be)dyingtodosth.渴望做某事(1)表示“渴望做某事〞的常見短語還有：eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beanxious/eager/keen,desire/long))todosth.(2)表示“渴望得到某物〞的常見短語有：bedying/anxious/eager/thirstyforsth.①Firstly,asastudentwhoisdyingtolearnknowledge,itisnecessarytobuildaneffectivemethodinyourstudy.首先，作為一名渴望學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)問的同學(xué)，你在學(xué)習(xí)中有必要形成一種有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法。②Shewas_dying/anxious/eager/thirsty_foraholidaytorelaxherselfwhensheworkedverytired.當(dāng)她工作特別累時，她特別渴望一個假期來放松一下自己。③Outofcuriosity,I'meagerto_know(know)thetruth.出于奇怪???，我渴望知道事情的真相。3．TheotherdayIwasshowingtheboystheweeklychemistryexperimentwhen,beforeIknewit,themixturewasbubblingovereverywhere!(P29)有一天，我正給孩子們做每周一次的化學(xué)試驗的演示，我還沒有明白怎么回事，混合劑就處處冒氣泡了！★theotherday不久前的一天(＝afewdaysago)①IcameacrossmycollegeteacherintheFriendshipDepartmentStoretheotherday.不久前的一天我在友情百貨大樓偶然遇見了我的高校老師。[辨析]theotherday不久前的一天用于一般過去時oneday某一天既可指過去的某一天，又可指將來的某一天someday將來的某一天用于一般將來時anotherday改天可表近期將來的某一天，也可表過去或狀態(tài)連續(xù)的“又一天〞選用上述詞語填空②Ithinkhe'sjustgoingtodealwiththisproblemanother_day.③One_dayalittlemonkeywasplayinginatalltreebytheriver.④Ibelievesuchadiligentmanwillsucceedsome_day/one_day.★bedoing...when...正在做……這時突然……when為并列連詞，表示“這時，突然〞，相當(dāng)于andatthis/thattime。beabouttodo...when...剛要做……這時(突然)……beonthepointofdoing...when... 剛要做……這時(突然)……h(huán)adjustdone...when...剛做了……這時(突然)……⑤Wewerediscussingtheproblemwhentherewasapowerfailure.我們正在爭論那個問題，這時停電了。⑥Iwas_about_to_give_up_whenmyfathercameandencouragedmetokeepgoing.我剛要放棄，這時爸爸過來鼓舞我連續(xù)下去。⑦Ihad_just_finishedmyexampaperwhenthebellrang.我剛做完試卷，下課鈴就響了。4．SometimesIwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents,mostofwhomwillbegoingbacktotheirvillagesafterYear8anyway.(P29)有時候，我真想知道，化學(xué)和這些同學(xué)畢竟有多大的關(guān)系。反正他們中大多數(shù)上完八班級以后就會回到他們的村莊去。★relevantadj.有關(guān)的；切題的eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(1berelevantto,beassociatedwith ,beconnectedwith,berelatedto,havesomethingtodowith))和……有關(guān)(2)relevantlyadv. 有關(guān)地；切題地(3)relevancen. 關(guān)聯(lián)；貼切，中肯①Doyouhavetherelevantexperience?你有相關(guān)的閱歷嗎？②Globalwarmingissaidtobe_relevant_tohumanactivities.據(jù)說全球變暖與人類的活動有關(guān)。③Whathesaidhasnodirectrelevance(relevant)tothematterinhand.他所說的話與眼下的事沒有直接關(guān)系。5．Wewalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—firstupamountaintoaridgefromwherewehadfantasticviewsandthendownasteeppathtothevalleybelow.(P29)我們步行了兩個半小時才到達那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇異的景色，然后下一個陡坡，始終走到下面的山谷。★句中fromwhere引導(dǎo)定語從句。where是副詞，相當(dāng)于“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞〞。fromwhere比where更生動、形象。在“介詞＋關(guān)系副詞〞引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，前面的介詞可用from,to,since,before等，關(guān)系副詞可用where,when。①Sheclimbeduptothetopofthehill,fromwhereshecouldhaveagoodviewofthewholetown.她登上山頂，從山頂上她可以一覽全鎮(zhèn)的風(fēng)光。(where＝onthetopofthehill)②Alicestoodatthewindow,from_whereshecouldwatchherclassmatesplayingfootball.Alice站在窗戶旁邊，從那里她可以觀看同學(xué)們踢足球。③Iwenttobedatten,before_whenIwasreadingforanhour.我十點上床睡覺，在那之前我讀了一個小時的書。[點津]fromwhich中的which指的是一個地點名詞，往往指詳細(xì)的地點；fromwhere指也許的地方。④Innature,thereisnothingmoreimportantthanthesun,from_whichwegetheatandlight.在自然界，沒有比太陽更重要的東西，從太陽中我們得到光和熱。6．Thehutwasdarkinsidesoittooktimeforoureyestoadjust.(P30)小屋內(nèi)很黑，因此我們的眼睛要過好一陣才能適應(yīng)過來?！颽djustvi.&vt.調(diào)整；(使)適合(1)adjust...to...調(diào)整……以適應(yīng)……adjustto(doing)sth. 適應(yīng)于(做)某事adjustoneselfto... 使自己適應(yīng)于……(2)adjustmentn. 調(diào)整；調(diào)整；校正makeanadjustment/adjustmentsto 對……作出調(diào)整①Watchoutforsharpbendsandadjustyourspeedaccordingly.留神急轉(zhuǎn)彎并相應(yīng)調(diào)整車速。②Theoldmandoesn'tadjusttoliving(live)neartheshore.這位老人不習(xí)慣住在海邊。③Wemustadjust_ourselves_tothenewlifeassoonaspossible.我們必需盡快適應(yīng)新生活。④Wemustmake_some_adjustments_toouroriginalplanbecauseofemergencies.由于緊急狀況，我們必需對我們最初的方案作一些調(diào)整。7．Whenhot,heplacedtheminanemptyoildrumwithkaukau(sweetpotato),corn,andgreens.(P30)待(石頭)燒熱之后，他把石頭連同考考(紅薯)、玉米和青菜一起放進一個空的油桶中?！镌摼渲衱henhot是承前省略，屬于狀語從句的省略。完整的句子應(yīng)是：Whenthestoneswerehot...。(1)省略原那么：具備以下條件之一，常省略從句的主語和be。①從句的主語是it且在從句謂語中含有be的某種形式。②從句的主語與主句的主語相同，且從句謂語中含有be的某種形式。(2)常見連詞：①時間類：once,when,while,till等②讓步類：though,although,evenif,eventhough③條件類：if,unless④方式類：as,asif,asthough①Ifaccepted(accept)forthejob,you'llbeinformedsoon.假如你被接受做這項工作將很快得到通知。②Whilelistening(listen)totheradio,shefellasleep.她在聽收音機時睡著了。③If_possible,_thismachinecanbechangedforanewone.假如可能的話，這臺機器會被換成一臺新的。[助記]狀語從句中的省略記憶口訣：省略句，真簡單，主從主語須統(tǒng)一；從句假設(shè)有itbe，可用省略不疑心；主動“連詞＋-ing〞，被動“連詞＋-ed〞。8．Ilovedlisteningtothefamilysoftlytalkingtoeachotherintheirlanguage,eventhoughIcouldnotparticipateintheconversation.(P30)我喜愛聽他們一家人用自己的語言輕聲細(xì)語地交談，雖然我無法參與到他們的對話中去。★participatevi.參與；參與(1)participatein參與participateinsth.withsb. 和某人參與某事(2)participantn. 參與者，共享者participationn. 參與；分擔(dān)；共享①(2016·天津高考書面表達)Asscheduled,weparticipatedinseveralinstructiveactivities.依據(jù)方案，我們參與了一些有益的活動。②(2016·江蘇高考書面表達)Thingswillturnforthebetterifwecanworkoutsomeparticipation(participate)rulesforpeopletoobey.假如我們能為參與者制定出一些參賽規(guī)那么，事情就會進展得更好一些。③It'ssaidthatheisanactiveparticipant(participate)inthecivilrightsmovement.據(jù)說他是人權(quán)運動的樂觀參與者。[點津]participate是不及物動詞，常與in構(gòu)成搭配，同義短語是joinin,takepartin。9．Tombetoldmethatthecanwasheatedtodryouttheleftoverfood.(P30)湯貝告知我說，給罐子加熱是為了把里面的剩余食物燒干?！飀ryout(使浸水等之物)完全變干；干透①Thehotsunisdryingthegroundout,andthecropscan'tgrow.驕陽使土地干枯，莊稼無法生長。②Don'tleavethebreadonthetable;itwilldry_out.不要把面包放在桌上，它會變干的。[辨析]不同點相同點dryout強調(diào)浸水等物的完全變干；干透兩詞既可以作及物動詞，也可以作不及物動詞dryup強調(diào)河流、井等干枯；使干/枯竭 ③Reservoirsare_drying_upandfarmershavebeguntoleavetheirlandinsearchofwater.水庫正在干枯，農(nóng)夫開頭離開田地去查找水源。10．Otherwisetheydon'twasteanything.(P30)除此以外，他們不鋪張任何東西。★otherwiseconj.否那么；不然adv.用別的方法；其他方面(1)otherwise(conj.)＝or/orelse(2)otherwise(adv.)＝differently/inanotherway/inadifferentway①Wemusthurry,otherwisewe'llmissthetrain.我們必需快點，不然就趕不上火車了。②We'llgoearly,otherwisewemaynotgetaseat.我們得早點去，要不然就沒有座位了。③Wetoldhertodoitinthiswaybutshediditotherwise.我們讓她這樣做，可她卻用別的方法做。[點津]otherwise后的句子，假設(shè)與事實相反，那么用虛擬語氣。④Thankyouforyourhelp.Otherwise,wewould_not_have_adjusted(notadjust)tothestrangeenvironmentsoquickly.多謝你的關(guān)心，不然的話，我們是不會這么快適應(yīng)生疏環(huán)境的。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Therearespecialarrangements(arrange)forpeopleworkingoverseas.2．It'ssonicetohearfromheragain.Believeitornot,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.3．Whenyouwalkonmuddygroundyougetmudonyourshoes.(mud)4．Whatismore,frequentlyparticipatinginschoolactivitieshashelpedmebuildconfidenceanddevelopgoodmunicationskills.5．Theoldmanisdyingto_return(return)tohishometown.6．Thesafetyhelmetsavedtheworker;otherwise,hewouldhave_been_killed(kill)byaflyingobject.7．Theheavysnowcausedquiteafewroofs(roof)tofalldown.8．Whenasked(ask)whyhewasabsentfromthemeeting,hecried.9．Hangyourwettoweloverthechairtodryitout.10．Thespeciesthatfailtoadjusttothechangingconditionsofexistencewillgraduallybeeextinct.11．Itishopedthateducationshouldberelevanttochildren'sinterestandneeds.12．Itisaprivilegetomakeaspeechhere.13．Thecaptainappearedatthesecondstoreywindows,fromwherehecouldseenothingbuttrees.14．Yesterdayafternoon,Ididgototheparkwithmyparents.15．IwashavingdinneratarestaurantwhenTonySteelecamein.Ⅱ.完成句子1．When_in_trouble,_shealwaysgoestoherteacherforhelp.她有困難時總找老師關(guān)心。2．Iwas_walkinginthestreetyesterdayafternoonwhenImetmyEnglishteacher.昨天下午我正在街上漫步?????，這時我遇到了我的英語老師。3．Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor,from_wherehesawthemantakesomethingonthedesk.他躲在門后面，從門后他觀察那個人拿走了桌子上的什么東西。4．Thesechildreninthemountainousareaare_dying_forknowledge.這些山區(qū)的孩子們渴求學(xué)問。5．Hehadintendedtoparticipate_in_the_school_debate,_butonsecondthoughts,hegaveuptheidea.他本準(zhǔn)備參與學(xué)校的辯論，但是三思之后放棄了這個想法。Ⅲ.一句多譯1．在高中時邁克的媽媽為他做了幾乎全部的事情，這讓他難以適應(yīng)高校第一年的生活。①Mike'smotherdidalmosteverythingforhimwhenhewasinhighschool,which_made_it_difficult_for_him_to_adjust_tothefirst-yearcollegelife.(使用定語從句)②Mike'smotherdidalmosteverythingforhimwhenhewasinhighschool,making_it_difficult_for_him_to_adjust_tothefirst-yearcollegelife.(使用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語)2．我迫不及待地想看看這部由我最喜愛的小說改編的電影。①Iam_dying_to_watch_the_movieadaptedfrommyfavoritenovel.(dying)②Iam_anxious_to_watch_the_movieadaptedfrommyfavoritenovel.(anxious)③Iam_longing_to_watch_the_movieadaptedfrommyfavoritenovel.(long)3．吉姆在會上所說的與我們所爭論的一點關(guān)系也沒有。①WhatJimsaidwas_not_relevant_toourdiscussionatallinthemeeting.(relevant)②WhatJimsaidwas_not_associated_withourdiscussionatallinthemeeting.(associate)③WhatJimsaidhad_nothing_to_do_withourdiscussionatallinthemeeting.(nothing)Ⅳ.課文縮寫語法填空J(rèn)o,ayoungAustralianwoman,workedasavolunteerteacherinPapuaNewGuineafortwoyears.Shethoughtitwonderfultohear1.fromherfriend,Rosemary,whowasdying2.to_hear(hear)allaboutherlifethere.Thehighschool3.whereJoworkedwasabushschool,whoseclassroomsweremadeofbambooandgrass.There'snoelectricityorwaterandevennotextbookseither.Ittookmanyofthestudentsabouttwohours4.to_get(get)toschool.Johopedtomakesome5.difference(different)tothechildren'slivesbyteachingthem.Onceina6.weekly(week)chemistryexperiment,theboysweresofrightenedbythebubblingmixture7.thattheyjumpedoutofthewindows.Jowonderedwhetherchemistrywas8.relevant(relevance)toOnaweekend,JoandJennyvisitedTombe'shome.Tombe'sfatherledthemintohishouse,alowbamboohutwithgrass9.sticking(stick)outoftheroof.Therewerenowindowsandthedoorwaywasnarrow.ThoughTombe'sfamilylivedaverysimplelife,theyseemedhappy.JoandJennyfeltitwassuch10.aprivilegetospendadaywithTombe'sfamily.[對應(yīng)同學(xué)課下力量提升(十四)]Ⅰ.依據(jù)提示寫出單詞的正確形式1．Somechildrenintheremote(偏僻的)villagecan'taffordtogotoschool.2．Theconcept(概念)oflearningEnglishgavememuchhelp.3．Thecontestcanprovideuswithagoodplatform(平臺)topracticeourspokenEnglish.4．Thesefactsarerelevant(有關(guān)的)tothecase.5．Itissaidthatonlyclubmembershavetheprivilege(特權(quán))touseit.6．Thesecretaryhasmadethearrangement(arrange)ofatimeandplacefortheinterview.7．Sinceeverythingdevelops,wehavetomakeadjustments(adjust)tothechangingsituation.8．Takeyourbootsoffoutsideifthey'remuddy(mud)．9．Theweekly(week)meetingusuallylastsabouttwohours,whichmakesusannoyed.10．Thisshouldbeatruenationalmovementthatneedstheparticipation(participate)ofeverycitizen.Ⅱ.選詞填空dryup，eacross，dryout，participatein，tobehonest，bedyingto，hearfrom，theotherday1．Youwillfindthatitisgoodforyoutoparticipate_inaclassdiscussion.2．Insummer,watertheplantsregularlyandneverletthesoildry_out.3．Don'trefertoadictionaryeverytimeyoue_acrossanunknownword.4．Duringthedrought,theriverdried_up;_asaresult,manyfishdied.5．Helenborrowedmybookthe_other_day,_sayingthatshewouldreturnitsoon.6．Iheard_frommycousinyesterday,sayingthathewouldetovisitmethenextweek.7．TheexamwasoveryesterdayandIam_dying_toknowtheresultoftheexamnow.8．To_be_honestIamstillexpectingmorefrommeaswell.Butbelieveme,IdoeverythingIcando.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Idoubt_whethertheywillfinishthehardtaskintwodays.我疑心他們兩天內(nèi)能否完成這項艱難的任務(wù)。2．Theshipwasdelayedbecauseoftheheavyfogyesterday;otherwiseIwould_have_picked_him_upontime.昨天這艘船由于大霧延誤了，否那么的話我就會按時接他了。3．Wemustadjust_(ourselves)_tothechangingsocietyunlesswewanttobeleftbehind.假如我們不想落后，我們就必需適應(yīng)這個不斷變化的社會。4．Heis_dying_to_travelduringholidays.假期時他渴望旅行。5．Peoplecanusuallyputcharactersofdoublehappinessontheirwindowsanddoorsbeforewedding,which_adds_toahappyatmosphere.在婚禮之前，人們通常在窗戶和門上貼上“囍〞字，這增加喜慶氣氛。Ⅳ.閱讀理解ALocalofficialsinBeijingpromisedtofurtherprotectthecity'sculturalheritage(遺產(chǎn)),inparticularthenarrowstreetsknownasHutong.HutongsaremonlyfoundinthecitiesofNorthChina,buttheyareatiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1,000Hutongs,mostofwhichareneartheForbiddenCity.Only60yearsago,thenumberwas3,theolddistrictsofDongchengandXicheng,somepeoplewillbeaskedtomovefromHutonghousestoavoidfurtherdamagetotheancient“Onaveragemorethan100,000peoplevisittheForbiddenCityduringtheNationalDayholidays.Thevisitsputpressureontheprotectionofculturalrelics，〞saidthedirectoroftheBeijingMunicipalmissionofUrbanPlanning,addingthatHutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumanThegovernmentfocusedonhowtheprotectionplanswerecarriedoutandhowthemanagementofculturalheritageworked.TheheadoftheXichengdistrictgovernment,saidtheareahas182culturalrelics,manyofwhichwerebuiltasfarbackastheYuanDynasty(1271－1368).“Themostefficientwayistodecreasethelocalpopulationtoreducethepossibilityofcausingharmtotheheritage.〞“Eachmunityhasbeenrequiredtoreportthestatusofitsculturalheritage,especiallyHutongs,andanyactionstodamagetheheritagewillbepunished.〞NooneknowsforsurehowmanyHutongswillbeleftintheing100years.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了北京胡同的歷史、現(xiàn)狀及政府的愛護措施。)1．HowmanyHutongshavedisappearedinthepastsixtyyearsinBeijing?A．Fewerthan1,000.B．About2,000.C．Morethan3,000.D．Over4,000.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Beijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1,000Hutongs,mostofwhichareneartheForbiddenCity.Only60yearsago,thenumberwas3,250.〞可知，北京胡同的數(shù)量由60年前的3250條削減至現(xiàn)在的不到1000條，共削減了大約2000條。應(yīng)選B項。2．AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingisthemainreasonforthedamagetoculturalrelics?A．People'sactivity.B．Residents'attitude.C．munities'behavior.D．Thegovernment'spolicy.解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Thevisitsputpressureontheprotectionofculturalrelics.〞和“Hutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumandamage〞可知，文化遺跡遭到破壞的主要因素是人們的活動。3．WhichofthefollowingisausefulwaytoprotectHutongs?A．Toattractmorevisitors.B．Toforbideveryonefromgettingclosetoit.C．Toincreasethelocalpopulation.D．Topunishanyonedamagingit.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“...anyactionstodamagetheheritagewillbepunished.〞可知，加大對破壞胡同行為的懲處是愛護胡同比擬有用的措施，應(yīng)選D項。4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardHutongs?A．Optimistic.B．Pessimistic.C．Uninterested.D．Appreciative.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段可知，作者對胡同將來的命運深感擔(dān)憂，持悲觀態(tài)度。BWorldhunger.Thesetwolittlewordscontainonehugeproblem:peopledonothaveenoughtoeat.AccordingtotheWorldFoodProgramme,hungerkillsmorepeoplethananydisease.Worldhungerisawidelyrecognizedproblemandmanyintelligentandgenerouspeopleareworkingtowardasolution.Logically,itwouldseemthatthebest,fastestandeasiestsolutionwouldbetogivefoodtopeoplewhodonothaveit.Whileprovidinghungrypeoplewithfoodisgreat,unfortunatelyitisonlyatemporaryfixtotheglobalproblem.Butmaybethereisanotheranswer.Statisticsgatheredwithinthepastdecadeshowthatcountriesinwhichcitizensspendahigherpercentageoftheiryearlyineonfoodtendtoalsohavehigherratesofmalnutrition(養(yǎng)分不良).Forexample,peopleinPakistanspendnearlyhalfoftheirannualineonfood,yetover40percentoftheirchildrenundertheageof5aremalnourished.Incontrast,Americansspendaround7percentonfoodandonly5percentofchildrenaremalnourished.Perhapstocreateaself-supportingsystem,thefocusandresourcesshouldshiftfromgivingfoodtogivingsomethingthatlastsalittlelonger.Maybetheanswerisinmerce(商業(yè)),notjustcharity.HeiferInternationalisoneexampleofanonprofitorganizationthathasshifteditsfocusfromfood.Thisorganizationgivespoorfamiliesandmunitiesbreedinganimalsandteachesthemtofarmanimals.HeiferInternationalteachespeoplevaluablemarketingskillsandprovidestheresourcestostartsmallbusinesses.Thefamilieswhoareinitiallyhelpedcanthenassistotherfamiliesintheirmunitiesbysharingtheirresourcesandknowledge.Thesepeopleearnbetterinesandhavemoremoneytohavethefreedomtobuymorefood.Amonsayinggoes，“Giveapersonafishandyoufeedhimforaday;teachapersontofishandyoufeedhimforalifetime.〞Maybeifweturnourfocusfromgivingfishtoteachingfishing,wecangetalittleclosertosolvingworldhunger.Notonlydoesthishelptheindividual,butitcanhelpfamilies,munitiesandgenerations.語篇解讀：這是一篇說明文，作者用實例詮釋了古人所說的“授之以魚，不如授之以漁〞這句話所蘊含的道理。5．Whenreferringtothehungerproblem,it'susuallybelievedthat________.A．donatingfoodistheproperwaytosolveitB．itisanextremelydifficultproblemtodealwithC．itonlycatchestheattentionofgenerouspeopleD．itwillthreatenthewholeglobeinafewyears解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段的首句可知，人們通常認(rèn)為解決饑餓問題就是給貧困的人捐贈食物。應(yīng)選A項。6．TheauthorparedPakistanwithAmericato________.A．implypeopleinPakistanhavealowerineB．provepeopleinAmericawastetoomuchfoodC．showthewayofgivingfoodisnotagoodoneD．puttheblameonsomerelatedgovernments解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段最終一句中的“itisonlyatemporaryfixtotheglobalproblem〞以及第三段中的“Butmaybethereisanotheranswer〞可知，作者比照巴基斯坦和是為了說明捐贈食物這種方法不是很適宜。應(yīng)選C項。7．WhatdoesHeiferInternationaldoforthepoor?A．Ithelpsthepoorfamiliesgaintheirconfidence.B．Itofferslow-interestloanstohelpthepoor.C．Itmanagestokeepthepoorequippedwithskills.D．Itorganizesthepoortotradewithotherpeople.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四、五段可知，HeiferInternational是一個非營利組織，它為貧困群體供應(yīng)種畜并教給他們?nèi)绾勿B(yǎng)殖動物，也教授他們營銷技巧，且給他們供應(yīng)資源做小本生意，也就是說教給他們技術(shù)。應(yīng)選C項。8．Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?A．Youshouldn'tteachanolddognewtricks.B．Teachhimtofishratherthangivehimfish.C．Neveroffertoteachfishtoswim.D．Don'tputthecartbeforethehorse.解析：選B推理推斷題。作者在文中分析了解決全球饑餓問題的方法，作者認(rèn)為捐贈食物的方法不是最正確方案，要想從根本上解決饑餓問題，就要教給他們?nèi)绾为毩ⅰＮ捕斡弥V語——授之以魚，不如授之以漁總結(jié)了文章的主題。應(yīng)選B項。Ⅴ.閱讀七選五TipsforSafeOnlineShoppingOnlineshoppingisindeedariskyaffair.Gettingagreatdealonlineprisesmorethanjustgettingthelowestprice.Youwanttobeassuredthatther