2018屆英語閱讀理解,主旨大意

閱讀理解主要有以下幾種題型:主旨大意題事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題詞義猜測題推理判斷題2021/5/91Readsomequestions.Wherecanwepossiblyseethesequestions?2021/5/921.Themainideaofthepassageisthat________.2.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?3.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestsumupthepassage?4.Whichofthefollowingcansummarisethemainideaofthepassage?5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?6.Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto________.7.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout________.8.WhatdoestheauthortellusinParagraph1?9.Whatdoestheauthormostlywanttotellusinthelastparagraph?Wherecanwepossiblyseethesequestions?2021/5/931.Themainideaofthepassageisthat________.2.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?3.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestsumupthepassage?4.Whichofthefollowingcansummarisethemainideaofthepassage?5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?6.Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto________.7.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout________.8.WhatdoestheauthortellusinParagraph1?9.Whatdoestheauthormostlywanttotellusinthelastparagraph?Whatdothesequestionshaveincommon?Theyareabout___________ofapassage/paragraph.themainidea2021/5/941.Themainideaofthepassageisthat________.2.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?3.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestsumupthepassage?4.Whichofthefollowingcansummarisethemainideaofthepassage?5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?6.Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto________.7.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout________.8.WhatdoestheauthortellusinParagraph1?9.Whatdoestheauthormostlywanttotellusinthelastparagraph?此類題題干中常含有__________________________________________________sumup,summarisemainidea,mainlyabout,2021/5/95Readthefollowingquestions.2021/5/961.Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe________.2.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?3.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?Theyareabout_______.titles此類題題干中常有_______________________title,headline,beentitled2021/5/97閱讀理解（主旨大意題）2021/5/98主旨大意題包括：文章主旨段落大意文章標(biāo)題2021/5/99【主旨大意題解題策略】

閱讀時，文章的開頭、結(jié)尾（或段落的段首、段尾）特別重要，因?yàn)樗鼈兺恼碌闹行淖h題。有時候，文章（或段落）中沒有明確的主題句，則需要我們根據(jù)所提供的信息歸納出文章（或段落）的主旨大意。同時要注意提煉文章的關(guān)鍵詞。此外，標(biāo)題類題目還要追求語言的生動和趣味性。2021/5/910【主旨大意題應(yīng)考技巧】技巧1：速讀頭尾，明確主題技巧4：同義概括，或取其一技巧2：定位中心句技巧3：無明顯主題句時找高頻詞2021/5/911技巧1：速讀頭尾，明確主題

大多數(shù)文章的主旨可能出現(xiàn)在開頭或結(jié)尾，于是頭尾顯得很重要。因此，做主旨大意題時，我們可以先瀏覽一下頭尾，試圖抓住大意。2021/5/912Passage1Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(監(jiān)控)indifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople’se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.“The‘ifitbleeds’ruleworksformassmedia,”saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”title2021/5/913Researchersanalyzingword-of-mouthcommunication-e-mails,Webpostsandreviews,face-to-faceconversations-foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative(消極的),butthatdidn’tnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibility,Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories:thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes’website.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe“moste-mailed”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimes’readersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.2021/5/914Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused(激發(fā))onewayortheother,andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbook,“Contagious:WhyThingsCatchOn.”2021/5/915Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SadStoriesTravelFarandWideB.OnlineNewsAttractsMorePeopleC.ReadingHabitsChangewiththeTimesD.GoodNewsBeatsBadonSocialNetworks2021/5/916Passage1Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(監(jiān)控)indifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople’se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.“The‘ifitbleeds’ruleworksformassmedia,”saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”2021/5/917Researchersanalyzingword-of-mouthcommunication-e-mails,Webpostsandreviews,face-to-faceconversations-foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative(消極的),butthatdidn’tnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibility,Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories:thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes’website.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe“moste-mailed”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimes’readersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.2021/5/918Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused(激發(fā))onewayortheother,andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbook,“Contagious:WhyThingsCatchOn.”2021/5/919Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SadStoriesTravelFarandWideB.OnlineNewsAttractsMorePeopleC.ReadingHabitsChangewiththeTimesD.GoodNewsBeatsBadonSocialNetworks2021/5/920

主題句的位置往往由文章體裁所決定。議論文主要是論述作者的某個觀點(diǎn)，往往采用“總—分—總”的模式，第一段提出論點(diǎn)，然后是論據(jù)部分，最后一段得出結(jié)論(論點(diǎn)的重申)，所以主題句常在第一段或最后一段。說明文則是說明一個事物的用途或制作過程，主題句一般在首段。而新聞報道卻是報道一個人物事跡或重大事件等，主題句常出現(xiàn)在首段首句。記敘文一般沒有明顯的主題句，需要根據(jù)文中敘述的內(nèi)容和線索來概括文章大意，但是如果文章末段出現(xiàn)說理性的句子，則這個句子很可能是主題句。技巧2：定位中心句2021/5/921以下是尋找主題句的四個小竅門：1.段落中出現(xiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞語（如however,but,infact,actually等）時，該句很可能是主題句。2.開頭出現(xiàn)疑問句時，對該問題的回答很可能就是文章主旨。3.作者有意識地重復(fù)的觀點(diǎn)，通常是主旨；反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關(guān)鍵詞。4.表示總結(jié)或結(jié)論的句子常包含therefore,thus,inshort,conclude,conclusion等詞。2021/5/922Passage2Awarmdrinkofmilkbeforebedhaslongbeenthebestchoiceforthosewantingagoodnight’ssleep.Butnowastudyhasfounditreallydoeshelppeoplenodoff—ifitismilkedfromacowatnight.Researchershavediscoveredthat“nightmilk”containsmoremelatonin(褪黑激素),whichhasbeenproventohelppeoplefeelsleepyandreduceanxiety.Thestudy,byresearchersfromSeoul,SouthKorea,involvedmicebeingfedwithdriedmilkpowdermadefromcowsmilkedbothduringthedayandatnight.title2021/5/923Thosegivennightmilk,whichcontained10timestheamountofmelatonin,werelessactiveandlessanxiousthanthosefedwiththemilkcollectedduringdaytime,accordingtothestudypublishedinTheJournalofMedicinalFood.Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepandcausedthemicetosleeplonger.Whiletheeffectofcowsmilkharvestedatdifferenttimehasnotbeentestedonhumansuptonow,takingmelatonindrugshasbeensuggestedtothosewhoarestrugglingtofallasleepatnight.Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleepbecauseofthecalciumcontent,whichhelpspeopletorelax.2021/5/924Milkisalsosugar-freeandadditive-freewithnutritionistsrecommendingskimmedmilkasthebestchoicebeforebedasitistheleastfattening.Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.2021/5/925Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NightMilkandSleep B.Fat,SugarandHealthC.AnExperimentonMice D.MilkDrinkingandHealth2021/5/926任一篇文章都是圍繞某個主題展開的，有的文章中最明顯的特點(diǎn)之一是有一個反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的中心詞，即高頻詞，也叫做主題詞。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。技巧3：無明顯主題句時找高頻詞2021/5/927Passage3Sometimesyou’llhearpeoplesaythatyoucan’tloveothersuntilyouloveyourself.Sometimesyou’llhearpeoplesaythatyoucan’texpectsomeoneelsetoloveyouuntilyouloveyourself.Eitherway,you’vegottoloveyourselffirstandthiscanbetricky.Sureweallknowthatwe’retheappleofourparents’eyes,andthatourGrandmasthinkwe’regreattalentsandourUncleRobertsthinkthatwewillgototheOlympics,butsometimesit’salothardertothinksuchnicethoughtsaboutourselves.Ifyoufindthatbelievinginyourselfisachallenge,itistimeyoubuildapositiveself-imageandlearntoloveyourself.mainidea2021/5/928Self-imageisyourownmind’spictureofyourself.Thisimageincludesthewayyoulook,thewayyouact,thewayyoutalkandthewayyouthink.Interestingly,ourself-imagesareoftenquitedifferentfromtheimagesothersholdaboutus.Unfortunately,mostoftheseimagesaremorenegativethantheyshouldbe.Thuschangingthewayyouthinkaboutyourselfisthekeytochangingyourself-imageandyourwholeworld.Thebestwaytodefeatapassiveself-imageistostepbackanddecidetostressyoursuccesses.Thatis,makealistifyouneedto,butwritedownallofthegreatthingsyoudoeveryday.Don’tallowdoubtstooccurinit.2021/5/929Itverywellmightbethatyouareexperiencinganegativeself-imagebecauseyoucan’tmovepastoneflaworweaknessthatyouseeaboutyourself.Well,rollupyoursleevesandmakeachangeofitasyourprimarytask.Ifyouthinkyou’resillybecauseyouaren’tgoodatmath,findatutor.Ifyouthinkyou’reweakbecauseyoucan’trunamile,gettothetrackandpractice.Ifyouthinkyou’redullbecauseyoudon’twearthelatesttrends,buyafewnewclothes.Butremember,justbecauseyouthinkitdoesn’tmeanit’strue.Thebestwaytogetridofanegativeself-imageistorealizethatyourimageisfarfromobjective,andtoactivelyconvinceyourselfofyourpositivequalities.Changingthewayyouthinkandworkingonthoseyouneedtoimprovewillgoalongwaytowardspromotingapositiveself-image.Whenyoucanpat(拍)yourselfontheback,you’llknowyou’rewellonyourway.Goodluck!2021/5/930Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtoprepareforyoursuccess.B.Howtofacechallengesinyourlife.C.Howtobuildapositiveselfimage.D.Howtodevelopyourgoodqualities.2021/5/931Passage3Sometimesyou’llhearpeoplesaythatyoucan’tloveothersuntilyouloveyourself.Sometimesyou’llhearpeoplesaythatyoucan’texpectsomeoneelsetoloveyouuntilyouloveyourself.Eitherway,you’vegottoloveyourselffirstandthiscanbetricky.Sureweallknowthatwe’retheappleofourparents’eyes,andthatourGrandmasthinkwe’regreattalentsandourUncleRobertsthinkthatwewillgototheOlympics,butsometimesit’salothardertothinksuchnicethoughtsaboutourselves.Ifyoufindthatbelievinginyourselfisachallenge,itistimeyoubuildapositiveself-imageandlearntoloveyourself.2021/5/932Self-imageisyourownmind’spictureofyourself.Thisimageincludesthewayyoulook,thewayyouact,thewayyoutalkandthewayyouthink.Interestingly,ourself-imagesareoftenquitedifferentfromtheimagesothersholdaboutus.Unfortunately,mostoftheseimagesaremorenegativethantheyshouldbe.Thuschangingthewayyouthinkaboutyourselfisthekeytochangingyourself-imageandyourwholeworld.Thebestwaytodefeatapassiveself-imageistostepbackanddecidetostressyoursuccesses.Thatis,makealistifyouneedto,butwritedownallofthegreatthingsyoudoeveryday.Don’tallowdoubtstooccurinit.2021/5/933Itverywellmightbethatyouareexperiencinganegativeself-imagebecauseyoucan’tmovepastoneflaworweaknessthatyouseeaboutyourself.Well,rollupyoursleevesandmakeachangeofitasyourprimarytask.Ifyouthinkyou’resillybecauseyouaren’tgoodatmath,findatutor.Ifyouthinkyou’reweakbecauseyoucan’trunamile,gettothetrackandpractice.Ifyouthinkyou’redullbecauseyoudon’twearthelatesttrends,buyafewnewclothes.Butremember,justbecauseyouthinkitdoesn’tmeanit’strue.Thebestwaytogetridofanegativeself-imageistorealizethatyourimageisfarfromobjective,andtoactivelyconvinceyourselfofyourpositivequalities.Changingthewayyouthinkandworkingonthoseyouneedtoimprovewillgoalongwaytowardspromotingapositiveself-image.Whenyoucanpat(拍)yourselfontheback,you’llknowyou’rewellonyourway.Goodluck!2021/5/934Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtoprepareforyoursuccess.B.Howtofacechallengesinyourlife.C.Howtobuildapositiveselfimage.D.Howtodevelopyourgoodqualities.2021/5/935同（近）義轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)是所有閱讀考試的特點(diǎn)。例如，試題中是handle，原文中可能是cope

with；試題中是woman，原文可能是female。充分把握這一規(guī)律，是答對閱讀理解題的關(guān)鍵之一。所以考生應(yīng)多積累同義詞匯、表達(dá)。

因此，跟主題句意思相同的選項(xiàng)，往往就是正確答案。技巧4：同義概括，或取其一2021/5/936Passage4Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstillswimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins“Twinkle，twinkle，littlestar”orrememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears....（下文略）mainidea2021/5/937WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.2021/5/938【主旨大意題正確選項(xiàng)的特征】1.涵蓋性強(qiáng)，覆蓋全文或全段。2.確定的范圍恰當(dāng)，既不太大，也不太小。3.精確性強(qiáng)，不會改變語言表意的程度及色彩。2021/5/939【主旨大意題干擾選項(xiàng)的特征】1.過于籠統(tǒng)。所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容概括的范圍過大，超出或多于文章闡述的內(nèi)容。2.以偏概全。所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容只闡述了文章的一部分內(nèi)容，或以文章中的細(xì)節(jié)信息或個別字詞作為選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置內(nèi)容，或以次要的事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)充當(dāng)全文的主要觀點(diǎn)。3.偷換概念。所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容被命題者有意識地把本屬于A的內(nèi)容放在B上，若不留神，極易選錯答案。4.無中生有。無關(guān)信息，生搬硬套，文章中未提到，或找不到依據(jù)的信息。雖然在文章中談到，但選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與文章內(nèi)容毫無聯(lián)系。2021/5/940【Practice】2021/5/941Passage5MyhusbandandIhadbeenmarriednearlytwenty-twoyearswhenIacquiredStevensJohnsonsyndrome,adisorderwheremyimmune(免疫的)systemrespondedtoavirusbyproducingpainfulblisters(水泡).Althoughmylong-termevaluationwasgood,I,whohadbeensofiercelyindependent,rapidlybecameabsolutelyhelpless.Myhusband,Scott,steppeduptotheplate,takingcareofkidsandcookingdinners.Healsobecamemypersonalcaretaker,applyingthemedicinetoallofmyblistersbecausemyhandscouldn’tdothejob.Needlesstosay,Ihadnegativeemotions,bouncingfromembarrassmenttoshamecausedbytotalrelianceonsomeoneotherthanmyself.2021/5/942Irecoveredfrommyillness,butIcouldn’tseemtorecoverfromthethoughtthatIlovedmyhusbandlessthanhelovedme.Thisseemingdistinctioninourlovecontinuedtoannoymefortheyearfollowingmyillness.ThenrecentlyScottandIwentonalongbikeride.He’sanexperiencedcyclist;I’mquitethegreenhand.Atonepointwithastrongheadwindandsharppainbuildinginmytiredlegs,IreallythoughtIcouldn’tgoanyfurther.Seeingmestruggle,Scottpulledinfrontofmeandyelledoverhisshoulder,“Stayclosebehindme.”AsIfollowedhissteps,IdiscoveredthatmylegsquitburningandIwasabletocatchmybreath.Myhusbandwaspullingmealong—again.2021/5/943Ipraymyhusbandwillalwaysbestrongandhealthy.Butifheshouldeverbecomethestrugglingone,whetheronabikerideorwithanillness,ItrustI’llbereadytocallouttohim,“Stayclosebehindme—myturntopullyoualong.”2021/5/944Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthepassage?A.Strongwill. B.Selflesslove.C.Reliance(依靠)oneachother. D.Optimisticattitudetolife.【答案】C【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)整篇文章和倒數(shù)第二段最后一句以及最后一段點(diǎn)題段的描述，在作者得病后，她的丈夫一直照顧她，鼓勵和支持她，給她幫助和力量；作者最后也發(fā)出感慨，倘若有一天角色互換，她也會同樣給她的丈夫支持和力量。故選C項(xiàng)“Relianceoneachother(對彼此的依賴)”。2021/5/945Passage6

AlexLondonResearchLaboratory(ALRL)ispartofAlexCo.,Ltd.,amajorAustralianmedicine-makingcompany.Openedin1992,ALRLspecialisesinthedevelopmentofnewmedicinesforthetreatmentofheartdiseases.ApositionisnowopenforaResearchOperationsManager(ROM)tosupportourgrowingresearchteamatthenewlaboratoriesinHatfield,duetoopenintheautumnof2010.2021/5/946ReportingtotheDirector,youwillhelpsetupandrunthetechnicalandscientificsupportservicesofournewlaboratoriesnowunderconstruction.YouwillbeexpectedtoprovideexpertknowledgeaboutandbeinchargeofallareasofALRL’sHealthandSafety,andtocommunicate(溝通)withsupportemployeesatALRL’slaboratoriesbasedatUniversityCollegeLondon.Workingcloselywithscientistsandotheroperationsandtechnicalemployees,youwillmanageasmallnumberofresearchsupportemployeesprovidingservicestohelpwiththeresearchactivitiestobecarriedoutatthenewlaboratories.2021/5/947Candidates(申請人)willhaveexperienceofbothmanagementandresearchsupport/technicalservices.Knowledgeofresearchoperationsandexcellentcommunicationskillsarenecessary.Educationtodegreelevelisalsodesirable.Ifyouareinterestedinthisposition,pleasesendyourCV(簡歷)toAlexLondonResearchLaboratory,UniversityCollegeLondon,Hatfield,London,W1E6B7orbyemailtoALRL@alex.co.uk.Formoreinformation,pleasevisitwww.alex.co.uk.2021/5/948Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thetechnicalskillsofawould-beROM.B.Thepracticalexperienceofawould-beROM.C.Thepersonalinformationofawould-beROM.D.Thenecessaryrequirementsforawould-beROM.【答案】D【解析】選D。主旨大意題。第四段講的是申請人所要具備的條件。2021/5/949Passage7

Foodservesasaformofcommunicationintwofundamentalways.Sharingbreadorotherfoodsisacommonhumantraditionthatcanpromoteunityandtrust.Foodcanalsohaveaspecificmeaning,andplayasignificantroleinafamilyorculture’scelebrationsortraditions.Thefoodsweeat—andwhenandhowweeatthem—areoftenuniquetoaparticularcultureormayevendifferbetweenrural(農(nóng)村的)andurbanareaswithinonecountry.Sharingbread,whetherduringaspecialoccasion(時刻)oratthefamilydinnertable,isacommonsymboloftogetherness.Manyculturesalsocelebratebirthdaysandmarriageswithcakesthatarecutandsharedamongtheguests.Earlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbread,sothistraditionhasitsrootsinthecustomofsharingbread.2021/5/950FoodalsoplaysanimportantroleinmanyNewYearcelebrations.InthesouthernUnitedStates,piecesofcornbreadrepresentblocksofgoldforprosperity(興旺)intheNewYear.InGreece,peopleshareaspecialcakecalledvasilopita.Acoinisputintothecake,whichsignifies(預(yù)示)successintheNewYearforthepersonwhoreceivesit.Manycultureshaveceremoniestocelebratethebirthofachild,andfoodcanplayasignificantrole.InChina,whenababyisonemonthold,familiesnameandwelcometheirchildinacelebrationthatincludesgivingred-coloredeggstoguests.Inmanycultures,roundfoodssuchasgrapes,bread,andmooncakesareeatenatwelcomecelebrationstorepresentfamilyunity.Nutritionisnecessaryforlife,soitisnotsurprisingthatfoodissuchanimportantpartofdifferentculturesaroundtheworld.2021/5/951Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thecustomofsharingfood.B.Thespecificmeaningoffood.C.Theroleoffoodinceremonies.D.Theimportanceoffoodinculture.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意題。第一段的中心句是“Foodcanalsohaveaspecificmeaning,andplayasignificantroleinafamilyorculture’scelebrationsortraditions.”；第三段的中心句是“FoodalsoplaysanimportantroleinmanyNewYearcelebrations.”；第四段的中心句是“Manycultureshaveceremoniestocelebratethebirthofachild,andfoodcanplayasignificantrole.”。綜上所述，A、B、C項(xiàng)文中都有所涉及，但都具有片面性；D項(xiàng)概括性強(qiáng)。2021/5/952Passage7

Foodservesasaformofcommunicationintwofundamentalways.Sharingbreadorotherfoodsisacommonhumantraditionthatcanpromoteunityandtrust.Foodcanalsohaveaspecificmeaning,andplayasignificantroleinafamilyorculture’scelebrationsortraditions.Thefoodsweeat—andwhenandhowweeatthem—areoftenuniquetoaparticularcultureormayevendifferbetweenrural(農(nóng)村的)andurbanareaswithinonecountry.Sharingbread,whetherduringaspecialoccasion(時刻)oratthefamilydinnertable,isacommonsymboloftogetherness.Manyculturesalsocelebratebirthdaysandmarriageswithcakesthatarecutandsharedamongtheguests.Earlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbread,sothistraditionhasitsrootsinthecustomofsharingbread.2021/5/953FoodalsoplaysanimportantroleinmanyNewYearcelebrations.InthesouthernUnitedStates,piecesofcornbreadrepresentblocksofgoldforprosperity(興旺)intheNewYear.InGreece,peopleshareaspecialcakecalledvasilopita.Acoinisputintothecake,whichsignifies(預(yù)示)successintheNewYearforthepersonwhoreceivesit.Manycultureshaveceremoniestocelebratethebirthofachild,andfoodcanplayasignificantrole.InChina,whenababyisonemonthold,familiesnameandwelcometheirchildinacelebrationthatincludesgivingred-coloredeggstoguests.Inmanycultures,roundfoodssuchasgrapes,bread,andmooncakesareeatenatwelcomecelebrationstorepresentfamilyunity.Nutritionisnecessaryforlife,soitisnotsurprisingthatfoodissuchanimportantpartofdifferentculturesaroundtheworld.2021/5/954Passage7

Foodservesasaformofcommunicationintwofundamentalways.Sharingbreadorotherfoodsisacommonhumantraditionthatcanpromoteunityandtrust.Foodcanalsohaveaspecificmeaning,andplayasignificantroleinafamilyorculture’scelebrationsortraditions.Thefoodsweeat—andwhenandhowweeatthem—areoftenuniquetoaparticularcultureormayevendifferbetweenrural(農(nóng)村的)andurbanareaswithinonecountry.Sharingbread,whetherduringaspecialoccasion(時刻)oratthefamilydinnertable,isacommonsymboloftogetherness.Manyculturesalsocelebratebirthdaysandmarriageswithcakesthatarecutandsharedamongtheguests.Earlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbread,sothistraditionhasitsrootsinthecustomofsharingbread.2021/5/955FoodalsoplaysanimportantroleinmanyNewYearcelebrations.InthesouthernUnitedStates,piecesofcornbreadrepresentblocksofgoldforprosperity