六年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語素材小學(xué)英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納 外研版

/外研版小學(xué)英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納一、時(shí)態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情,通常用“usually通常,often常常,every…每…,sometimes有時(shí),always總是,〞等詞。(2)根本結(jié)構(gòu):主語I/You/We/They/He/She/It肯定句：主語+動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式否認(rèn)句：主語+don’t+動(dòng)詞原形或者doesn’t+動(dòng)原一般疑問句(Yes/No)Do…?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.Does…(動(dòng)詞原形)…?Yes,he/shedoes.No,he/shedoesn’t.特殊疑問句Whatdo…?Howdoesshe…(動(dòng)詞原形)…?(3)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式(同名詞單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)方法相同)1．一般情況+s如:walk-walks2.輔音字母+y結(jié)尾去y+iesfly-flies3.結(jié)尾是s,x,sh,ch+eswatch-watches4.結(jié)尾是0+esdo-does,go-goes5.特殊have-has2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,通常用“now現(xiàn)在,look看,linsen聽〞.(2)根本形式:be+動(dòng)詞-ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.You/We/Theyare(not)reading.He/She/Itis(not)eating.Whatareyoudoing?Ishereading?(3)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式(動(dòng)詞+ing)一般情況+ingwalk—walking結(jié)尾是不發(fā)音的e-e+ingcome—coming重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫最后一個(gè)字母+ingswim-swimmingrun-running3.一般過去時(shí)(1)表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,通常用“l(fā)ast…上一個(gè)…,justnow剛剛,manyyearsago許多年前,yesterday昨天〞等詞。(2)be動(dòng)詞的過去式:am/is—wasare—were(3)過去式根本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：主語+動(dòng)詞過去式Iwentshoppinglastnight.否認(rèn)句：主語+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形Ididn’tgoshoppinglastnight.一般疑問句(Yes/No)Did…+動(dòng)詞原形…?Didyougoshoppinglastnight?特殊疑問句(wh-)Whatdid…+動(dòng)詞原形…?Whatdidyoudolastnight?(4)動(dòng)詞過去式的變化:規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞的變化:(1)一般動(dòng)詞+edplanted,watered,climbed(2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾+dlikedtied(3)輔音字母加y結(jié)尾-y+iedstudy—studied,cry-cried(4)重讀閉音節(jié)單詞,末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字雙寫最后一個(gè)字母+edplan–plannedstop–stopped不規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞的變化:原形過去式原形過去式原形過去式am/iswasareweregowentdodidfindfoundbuyboughteatatefeelfeltdrinkdrankteachtaughttaketookreadreadgivegavehavehadputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbeginbeganmakemadeletletringrangwritewroteseesawrunranriderodecomecamedrawdrewsitsattelltoldlearnlearntgetgotcarrycarriedstudystudied4.一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)表示將來打算做的事或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的事情。常常與tomorrow,nextSunday等時(shí)間狀語連用。結(jié)構(gòu):begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形或will+動(dòng)詞原形例如:I’mgoingtovisitmygrandpanextweek.二、人稱代詞主格Iweyouhesheitthey賓格meusyouhimheritthem形容詞性物主代詞myouryourhisheritstheir名詞性物主代詞mineoursyourshishersitstheris(注:介詞,動(dòng)詞后面跟賓格。后面沒有名詞時(shí)用名詞性物主代詞。)三、可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1.一般名詞:+sbook–books2.輔音字母加y結(jié)尾:-y+iesstory—stories3.以s,x,sh,ch,結(jié)尾:+esglass—glasses;awatch-watches以o結(jié)尾:1)有生命的+espotato-potatoes2)無生命的+sphoto-photoes4.以f或fe結(jié)尾:-f或fe變?yōu)関esknife–knives;shelf-shelves5.特殊的名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice,child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,四、不可數(shù)名詞(沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式)bread,rice,water,juice,milk,tea,coffee五、縮略形式I’m=Iamyou’re=youareshe’s=sheishe’s=heishasn’t=hehas(got)it’s=itiswho’s=whoiscan’t=cannotisn’t=isnotdidn’t=didnotweren’t=werenotwasn’t=wasnotlet’s=letusI’ll=Iwill六、a.an.the的用法1.單詞的第一讀音是輔音讀音:abook,apeach,a“U〞單詞的第一個(gè)讀音是元音讀音:anegg,anhour,an“F〞2.the要注意的:球類前面不加the,playfootball樂器前面要加the,playthepiano序數(shù)詞前面要加the,thesecond七、介詞1.表示方位:on,in,infrontof,between,nextto,near,beside,at,behind.,under2.表示時(shí)間:(1)at:幾點(diǎn)前面用at如:atsixo’clock,沒有day的節(jié)日前用at如:atChristmas,固定詞組attheweekends,atnight(2)on:用于星期,日期,某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具體的某一天時(shí))onSunday在星期天onSundaymorning在星期天的上午onMarch8在3月8日;帶有Day的節(jié)日前用on如:onNationalDay(3)in:早晨,中午,晚上前用in:inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening,月份前用in,如inDecember;季節(jié)前用in,如winter;年份前用in,如in2019八、基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞的方法1.直接在基數(shù)詞詞尾加上th。如:seventh第七,tenth第十,thirteenth第十三,2.以y結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞,變y為i,再加上eth。如:twentieth第二十。3.不規(guī)那么的。如:first第一,second第二,third第三,fifth第五,eighth第八,ninth第九,twelfth第十二。4.有兩個(gè)或以上單詞組成的基數(shù)詞只改最后一個(gè)單詞如twenty-first第二十一。九、some/any的用法1.肯定句中用some:Ihavesometoysinmybedroom.2.問句和否認(rèn)句中用any:Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?Hehasn’tgotanypencilsinhispencil-case.3.詢問想要什么時(shí)用some:Wouldyoulikesomejuice?CanIhavesomestamps?十、therebe結(jié)構(gòu)1.肯定句(有…):Thereis+單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞Thereare+復(fù)數(shù)注:遵循就近原那么,看靠therebe最近的2.一般疑問句(有…嗎,):Isthere…?Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.Arethere…?Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t.3.否認(rèn)句(沒有):Thereisn’t….Therearen’t….4.therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別:therebe表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)表示某人擁有某物。十一、祈使句Sitdownplease.Don’topenthedoor,please.Let’sgotothepark.(注:祈使句中動(dòng)詞用原形)十二、(情態(tài))動(dòng)詞can,may,must,should,will后面直接用動(dòng)詞原形。1.I/He/She/Theycansing.MayIcomein?Imustgonow.2.Youshouldbequietinthelibrary.3.You’llbegoodfriends.十四、特殊疑問句1.What什么(問什么事,什么物或什么工作等)Whatareyoudoing,I’mreading.Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Iplayedbasketball.Whatareyougoingtodo?I’mgoingtodohomework.Whatisthat?It’sabook.Whatdoeshe/shedo?She’sanurse.Whattimeisit?It’sseven.2.Whatcolour問顏色Whatcolourisyourcoat?It’sred.3.when什么時(shí)候Whendoyougetup?Igetupatsixthirty.Whenisyourbirthday?It’sonthe21stofDecember.4.Which哪一個(gè)Whichisyourwatch,theyellowoneorthewhiteone?Theyellowismine.5.Who誰Whoisthemanwithabignose?He’smyuncle.6.Whose誰的Whosebagisit?It’shisbag.7.Where哪里Whereismypen?It’sunderthebook.8.Why為什么Whydoyoulikesummer?Because…9.Howmany多少Howmanybooksarethereintheschoolbag?Therearefourbooksintheschoolbag.10.Howold幾歲Howoldistheyoungman?He’snineteen.11.Howmuch多少錢Howmuchisthetoybear?It’selevenyuan.12.How怎么樣〔Howlong/big/tall？〕Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?Igotoschoolbycar.Howlongistheriver?It’s10mileslong.十五.已經(jīng)學(xué)過的動(dòng)詞sayhelpknowlostlivereadruntakelistentalkseedrawjumpsingdancewant