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2022年遼寧省撫順市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級知識點匯總(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________
一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.
Rightnow,thelawscanonlysummarizecommonsenseprinciplessoasto______.
A.dealwithpossiblerobot-relatedlawsuits
B.limitthenumberofrobotsproduction
C.monitorthedisposalofdangerousrobots
D.reducethechanceofinjurycausedbyrobots
2.
Thatriversareusedasopensewersforcitywastescauses______andeutrophication.
3.
Inourworld,anystoryofthiskindmakespeople______.
4.
RuthJarvisrecommendsridingonahorseasmuchaspossiblebecauseitgivesyoumoreopportunitiestodiscoverthelocalcultureandgetasenseofacity'slayout.
A.YB.NC.NG
5.
The"WildGoose",whichwasbeingtowed,wassuddenlycoveredbyamistandpulledunderwater.
A.YB.NC.NG
6.
Schoolsbothfocusonscholastic,professionalskillsandonfinancialskills.
A.YB.NC.NG
7.
Somecollegesadmitless-qualifiedboystudentsovermore-qualifiedgirlsinorderto______.
A.encouragemoreboystoIvyLeagueschools
B.fightagainsttheUSCommissiononCivilRights
C.removetheimbalancebetweengenders
D.helptheboysgetbettereducation
8.
Organicfoodisnotnecessarilybetterthanconventionalfoodintermsofnutrition,safetyortaste.
A.YB.NC.NG
9.
TheBibletellspeoplehowJesuswasbetrayed,accusedandcondemnedtodeath.
A.YB.NC.NG
10.
Bothnaturalgasandgasolineare__________andthusneithercanbeconsideredrenewable.
11.
Theactualconditioniscontrarytothepopularbeliefintermsof_______.Whenitcomestotheaffluenceoftheincomeonthedemand.
12.
Suiciderateisparticularlyhighamongyoungaboriginalmenastheyhavetostruggleagainstnotonlyemploymentandpovertybutalso______.
13.
Inearthquake,longwaveisthemainsourceofdamagebecauseitcausestheshakeof______.
14.
Physicaltroubles,suchas______,maybethereasonsforchildren'scomplaint.
15.
Mosttsunamisaretriggeredbyearthquakesbeneaththeseaandonlyafewbyearthquakesalongcoastlines.
A.YB.NC.NG
16.
Underthepressureandstressfromtheircareersandchildren,adultchildrentendto______.
A.pushtheirparentstogroupliving
B.dependontheirretiredparents
C.visittheirparentslessandlessoften
D.seekforpsychologicalconsultation
17.
Theexistingsatellitesarenotgoodatdetectingthethicknessoftheicepartlybecausetheorbitsofsatelliteswith______donotcovereveryportionoftheocean.
18.Kunzgaveupsoftwareengineeringmainlybecauseheearnedlessthanthoseinlaworbusinessfielddid.
19.
AccordingtoArthurKrieger,wecanlearnthat______.
A.Hewouldliketoreplacetheoldbatteryfornewone.
B.Hewouldratherbuyanewcarthanreplacebattery.
C.Hewantstousethelatestbattery.
D.Hecomplainsthehighcostofreplacingbattery.
20.
In2025,halfoftoday'spopulationwillbeinshortageofwater.
A.YB.NC.NG
二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(36)
A.Becauseit'sshining.
B.Becauseit'srare.
C.Becauseit'sexpensive.
D.Becauseitcamefromancienttimes.
22.
【B5】
23.(29)
A.Itcalculatesthetotalpriceofpurchasesbythecardholderduringthemonth.
B.Itsendsthecardholderabill.
C.Itsendsthecardholderacheck.
D.BothAandB.
24.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.
聽力原文:W:Iwanttobookapackagetour.I'dliketostopoverfivedaysineitherIrelandorSpain.
M:YoucallhavefivedaysinIrelandorFranceifyouwish.
Q:Whattravelplanswillthewomanprobablymake?
(12)
A.ShewillspendfivedaysinIreland.
B.Shewillhaveapackagetourwithlotsofstopover.
C.Shewilltakealongertrip.
D.ShewillspendfivedaysinFrance.
25.(42)
26.SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe
Peopledonotanalyzeeveryproblemtheymeet.Sometimestheytrytoremembera【B1】______fromthelasttimetheyhadasimilarproblem.Theyoftenacceptthe【B2】______orideasofotherpeople.Othertimestheybegintoactwithoutthinking;theytrytofindasolutionby【B3】______anderror.However,whenallthese【B4】______fail,thepersonwithaproblemhastostartanalyzing.Therearesix【B5】______inanalyzingaproblem.
First,thepersonmust【B6】______thatthereisaproblem.Forexample,Sam'sbicycleis【B7】______,andhecannotrideittoclassasheusuallydoes.Sammustseethatthereisaproblemwithhisbicycle.Next,thethinkermust【B8】______theproblem.BeforeSamcanrepairhisbicycle,hemustfindthereasonwhyitdoesnotwork.Forinstance,【B9】______Hemusttakehisproblemmorespecific.【B10】______.Forinstance,supposeSamdecidedthathisbikedoesnotworkbecausethereissomethingwrongwiththegearwheels.Atthistime,hecanlookinhisbicyclerepairbookandreadaboutgears.Hecantalktohisfriendsatthebikeshop.Hecanlookathisgearscarefully.【B11】______.TakeSamasanillustration.Hissuggestionsmightbe:putoilonthegearwheels;buynewgearwheelsandreplacetheoldones;tightenorloosenthegearwheels.
【B1】
27.聽力原文:Currentstudiesshowthatwhatgoesonlabelsisanimportantconsiderationformanufacturers,sincemorethanseventypercentofshoppersreadfoodlabelswhenconsideringwhethertobuyaproduct.
Arecentcontroversyastowhetherlabelsonpreparedfoodsshouldeducateormerelyinform.theconsumerisover,andaconsumergroupgotitsway.Thegrouphadmaintainedthatproductlabelsshoulddomorethansimplylisthowmanygramsofnutrientsafoodcontains.Theircontentionwasthatlabelsshouldalsofistthepercentageofaday'stotalnutrientsthattheproductwillsupplytotheconsumer,becausethisinformationisessentialinplanningahealthydiet.
Agovernmentagencydisagreedstrongly,favoringlabelthatmerelyinformstheconsumer,inotherwords,alabelthatonlyliststhecontentsoftheproduct.Theagencymaintainedthatconsumerscoulddecideforthemselvesifthefoodisnutritiousandismeetingtheirdailyneeds.
Theconsumergroup,insupportingitscase,hadcitedasurveyinwhichshopperswereshownafoodlabel,andwerethenaskediftheywouldneedmoreorlessofacertainnutrientaftereatingaservingofthisproduct.Theshopperswerenotabletoanswerthequestionseasilywhentheywerenotgivenaspecificpercentage.
Thisstudy,andothershelpedgetthenewregulationpassed,andnowfoodproductsmusthavethemoredetailedlabels.
(33)
A.Lessthan68%.B.About50%.C.Over70%.D.Around45%.
28.(26)
A.Lotsofstudentsdon'ttakehealthinsuranceseriously.
B.Manystudentsthinkabouthealthinsurancerightbeforetheygoabroad.
C.Thewomanshouldn'tconsiderhealthinsuranceuntilshegetsillinhospital.
D.Thewomandoesn'thaveenoughmoneyfortuition.
29.
【B3】
30.聽力原文:W:Ohdear,whatanawfulweekend!
M:Couldn'tbeworse!
Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?
(16)
A.Theyhadahappyweekend.
B.Itwasnotsobadasthewomanthought.
C.Thewoman'shealthisgettingworse.
D.Heagreeswiththewoman.
31.(28)
A.House.B.Car.C.Familyalbum.D.Petsandchildren.
32.聽力原文:W:I'dlikereallytogototheconcerttonight,butIdon'tknowifIcouldsparethetime.
M:Musicalwaysrelaxingme.Itmightbeworthitinalongrum.
Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?
(17)
A.Goingtotheconcerttonight.
B.Goingtotheconcertlater.
C.Goingtotheconcertafterawhile.
D.Goingtotheconcertinalongrun.
33.聽力原文:M:Thisisridiculous.I'vebeenwaitingformymealformorethanhalfanhour,butstillIhavenothingtoeat.Iamstarvingtodeath!Canyouexpeditemyorderfirst?
W:Iknow.Butyousee,therestaurantisfullandweareshorthandedtoday.Wearequiteexhausted.Sorryforthat.
Q:Howdoesthemanfeel?
(13)
A.Heiscurious.
B.Heisimpatient.
C.Heisexhausted.
D.Heissatisfied.
34.
【B6】
35.聽力原文:W:Oh,Rex,Ihavebeenlookingforyouforhours.Wherehaveyoubeen?
M:Hi,Judie.Iwentshoppingwithmyfriend.What'sup?
W:Ihavethisgreatjoblineduptomanagethebookstoreatthemall.
M:Fantastic!Youknowwhat.I'veappliedfurthatposition,too.ButIwasrejected.You'resolucky.Sowhat'stheproblem?
W:Well,oneofmyprofessorsinmydepartmentjusttoldmeaboutawinterinternshipprogramthat'savailable.HethinksImightbeabletointernintheofficeoftheIBMbranchhereintown.
M:Thatsoundslikeagreatopportunitytoo.Whatareyouwaitingfor?Whynottakeadvantageofit?
W:I'dloveto,especiallyasI'mstudyingcomputerscience.Itwouldbeagreatwaytogetsomepracticalexperienceinmyfield.
M:Andyouneverknow,itmightleadtosomethingwiththemaftergraduation.Theyareoneofthebiggestcompaniesintheworld.IBM!That'smydreamcompany!
W:You'reright.Butthedrawback,isIwouldn'tbemakingnearlyasmuchmoneyasIwouldbeworkinginthebookstore,nottomentionthediscountIcouldgetonbooksthere.
M:Forgetaboutthemoney!We'retalkingaboutyourfuturehere.
W:Yes.Iknow.But...
M:Howmuchistheinternshippaid?
W:Theypaytheirinternshipabout$600forthewholewinterholidayandgivefreeroomandboardfortheholiday.
M:Well,ifIwereyou,Iwouldtaketheinternshipanyway.Youcouldalwaysgetajobduringtheschoolyearnextyeartomakeafewextrabucks.
(20)
A.Shecan'tfindajob.
B.Shedoesn'tknowhowtomanageabookstore.
C.ShewantstoquithercurrentjobintheIBMoffice.
D.Shehasnoideawhichofthetwojoboffersisbetter.
36.(34)
A.Informationinshort-termmemoryisdifferentfromthatinlong-termmemoryonlyincontent.
B.Long-termmemorycanbeachievedonlybytraining.
C.Itiseasiertotestshort-termmemorythanlong-termmemory.
D.Henninggaveatestonvocabularytohissubjects.
37.聽力原文:W:Ourrentisnowalready$800amonth.
M:Iknow.It'sexactlyone-thirdmorethanitwaswhenwefirstmovedin.
Q:Howmuchrenthadbeenpaidatfirst?
(16)
A.$450.B.$750.C.$600.D.$800.
38.(45)
39.(16)
A.He'sbeentoobusytocleanhisroom.
B.Cleaningisthelastthinghewantstodo.
C.Hehasn'tcleanedhisroomsinceLindavisitedhim.
D.Lindaistheonlypersonwhoevercomestoseehim.
40.
【B4】
三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.
Itcanbeguessedthattheauthorismostprobablya______.
A.naturalistB.doctorC.journalistD.hotelmanager
42.
Fromthepassagewecaninferthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose______.
A.whoareatthebottomofthesociety
B.whoarehigherupintheirsocialstatus
C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors
D.whocouldkeepfarawayfromthiscompetitiveworld
43.
WhatmadeAngelsandDemonssellwell?
A.BecauseithadthesameprotagonistasTheDaVinciCode.
B.BecauseitwaspublishedearlierthanTheDaVinciCode.
C.BecauseitwasDanBrown'sfirststory.
D.BecauseitwaswrittenbyDanBrown.
44.
Definingthemeaningof"happiness"isaperplexingpropositionbecauseitisverydifficultto______.
45.
WhendidthetwotopJapaneseautomobilemakersbegintobetwiceasproductiveasthecounterpartsintheUnitedStates?
46.
Themostimportantcharacterexclusivetohumanbeingsis______.
A.humorB.courageC.determinationD.initiative
47.
AccordingtoPeterTurchinandWalterScheide,whichshallbereliedontosolvethedispute?
A.Amateurantiquitieshunters.
B.metaldetectors.
C.claypots.
D.silvercoins.
48.Hereamidthesteelandconcretecanyons,greengrassgrows.Ahawthorntree(山楂樹)standsinnewsoil,andfreshlydugplantsbendinthewind.
ButChicagoCityHallhereseemsanunlikelyspotforagardenofanyvariety—especially20,000squarefeetofgardens—unitsroof.
Asoneofahandfulofsimilarprojectsaroundthecountry,thegardenispartofa$1.5milliondemonstrationprojectedbythecitytoreduceits"urbanheatislands",saidWilliamAbolt,thecommissioneroftheDepartmentofEnvironment.
Heatislandsdarksurfacesinthecity,likerooftops—soakupheat.Theretentioncanbakeabuilding,makingitstubborntocooling.
TheroofofCityHall,a90-year-oldgraystonelandmarkonLaSalleStreetintheheartofdowntown,hasbeenknowntoreachtemperaturesubstantiallyhotterthantheactualtemperatureonthestreetbelow.
Thegardenwillprovidegreeneryandshade."Andthat,"saidthecityofficials,"willsavethecitydollarsonthoseblisteringsummerdays."Theprojectsavingsfromcoolingisabout$4,000ayearonanewroofwhoselifespanisabout50percentlongerthanthatofatraditionalroof.
Thesprawlingopen-airrooftopgardenisbeingcarefullybuiltonamulti-tieredbedofspecialsoil,polystyrene,egg-carton-shapedconesand"waterproofmembrane"malltokeeptherooffromleaking,orcavingunder.thenormalcombinedweightofsoil,rainandplantlife.
Thedesigncallsforsoildepthsof4inchesto18inches.Whenthelastplantsandseedlingsareburiedandthelastbitofcompostislaid,thegardenwillhavecircularbrickstepping-stoneswindinguptohills.
"TheprimaryfocusofwhatwewanttodowastoestablishthislaboratoryonthetopofCityHalltogetpeopleinvolvedandunderstandingtheirimpactontheenvironmentandhowthelittlethingscanmakeanimpactonthequalityoflife",Mr.Aboltsaid,addingthattheplantsalsohelptocleartheair.
Rooftopgardens,inplaceswhereconcretejungleshaveerasedplantsandtrees,arenotnew,noteveninChicago.Armsofgreenerydanglingoverterracesorsproutingfromrooftops,commoninEurope,arebecomingmoresointheUnitedStatesaspeoplebecomeincreasinglyconsciousabouttheenvironment.
RichardM.Daley,whourgedtheenvironmentaldepartmenttolookintotheprojectafter,noticingrooftopgardensinHamburg,Germanyafewyearsago,haspraisedthegardenasthefirstofitskindonapublicbuildinginthecountry.
Itwillholdthousandsofplantsinmorethan150species—wildonionandbutterflyweed,sky-blueasterandbuffalograss—toprovidedataonwhatspeciesadaptbest.Smallplantsrequiringshallowsoildepthswerechieflyselected.
Therooftopgardenproject______.
A.iscommonandpopularinthecountry
B.isademonstrationprojectandcoststhecitygovernment1.5milliondollars
C.willmaketheordinarycoolingdownofthecityinsummerunnecessary
D.aimsatgettingpeopleinvolvedandunderstandingtheirimpactontheenvironment
49.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthepresentswinefluviruses?
A.Thevirusescaninfectdifferentspecies.
B.Thegenesofthevirusescomefrompigs.
C.Thevirusesmixgenesfromdifferentspecies.
D.Thegenesofthevirusesweremadeartificially.
50.(56)
51.
【C7】
52.
Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat______.
A.nearly120peoplediebecauseofthetrafficaccidentseveryyearinNorway
B.trafficproblemscanbecoveredbythemediasuchasradioandnewspapernow
C.theethicalproblemsarearesultoftheincompetentadministrationofthecountry
D.Parliamentshouldtakealltheresponsibilityforthesafetyoftraffic
53.
WhatresultdidthecowthathadBSEproduce?
A.TheAmerica'scattleindustrycloseddown.
B.180000cattlewereinfectedandslaughtered.
C.Nearly150peoplediedfromthisfataldisease.
D.BritainalsodiagnosedacaseofBSEinthesametime,
54.SectionB
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
Nowadays,nodocumentissafeanymore.Counterfeiting,oncethedomainofskilleddeceiversthatusedexpensiveengravingandprintingequipment,hasgonemainstreamsincethepriceofdesktop-publishingsystemshasdropped.Inancienttimes,counterfeitingwasahangingoffence.Today,desktopcounterfeitershavelittlereasontoworryaboutprison,becausethesystemstheyuseareubiquitous(普遍存在的)andthereisnomeansoftracingforgeddocumentstothemachinethatproducedthem.This,however,maysoonchangethankstotechnologydevelopmentbyGeorgeChiu,ananti-counterfeitingengineer.
Hisapproachisbasedondetectingimperfectionsintheprintqualityofdocuments.Old-schoolcourtscientistswereabletotracedocumentstoparticulartypewritersbasedonquirks(溝槽)oftheindividualkeys.Heemploysasimilarapproach,exploitingthefactthattherotating(轉(zhuǎn)動)drumsandmirrorsinsideaprinterareimperfectpiecesofengineeringwhich,leaveuniquepatternsofbandingintheirproducts.
Althoughthesepatternsareinvisibletothenakedeye,theycanbedetectedandanalyzedbycomputerprograms,anditisthesethatDr.Chiuhasspentthepastyeardevising.Sofar,hecannottraceindividualprinters,buthecantellprettyreliablywhichmakeandmodelofprinterwasusedtocreateadocument.
That,however,isonlythebeginning.Whileitremainstobeseenwhetheritwillbepossibletotraceacounterfeitdocumentbacktoitsguiltycreatoronthebasisofmanufacturingimperfections,Dr.Chiuisnowworkingoutwaystomakethoseimperfectionsdeliberate.Hewantstomodifytheprintingprocesssothatunique,invisiblesignaturescanbeincorporatedintoeachmachineproducedwhichwouldmakeanydocumenttraceable.
Ironically,itwasafteryearsofcollaboratingwithprintingcompaniestoreducebandingandthusincreasethequalityofprints,thatheCameupwiththeideaofintroducingartificialbandingthatcouldencodeidentificationinformationintoadocument.Usingthebandingpatternsofprinterstosecuredocumentswouldbebothcheaptoimplementandhard,ifnotimpossible,forthosewithoutspecialistknowledgeandhardwaretoevade.
Notsurprising,theAmericanSecretServiceismonitoringtheprogressofthisresearchveryclosely,andisprovidingguidelinestohelpDr.Chintotravelinwhattheservicethinksistherightdirection,whichisfineforcatchingcriminals.ButhowthelegitimateusersofprinterswillreacttoBigBrotherbeingabletotrackanydocumentbacktohissourceremainstobeseen.
Bysayingnodocumentissafeanymore,theauthorprobablymeans______.
A.affordableprintersmakesitpossibleforanyonetoforgedocuments
B.theAmericanSecretServicewillbeabletotraceanydocument
C.everyprinteddocumentwillbesecretlymarkedoutthroughhigh-tech
D.counterfeitershavemoreadvancedtechnologytouse
55.AccordingtoSueMcMahon,whyareteachersincreasinglyanxious?
A.Theyreceivelesssupportfromthegovernment.
B.Studentsarebecomingmoredifficulttodealwith.
C.Thegovernmentmakesgreatdemandsonteachers.
D.Theyfindnowaytoescapethepressuresoflife.
56.
HechehasshownherexceptionaltalentsinmanyfieldsEXCEPTin______.
A.singingB.theatreC.actingD.writing
57.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.
Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecomingterrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestpersonsbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Itisallverywell,again,tohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver'sseatisanothermatteraltogether.Youmighttoleratetheoddroadmonster,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora"BeKindtoOtherDrivers"campaign,otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.
Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgmentinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerance,whichissonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversdon'tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.
However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedriverswhobrakesviolentlytoallowacartoemergefromasidestreetatsomehazardtofollowingtraffic,whenafewsecondslatertheroadwouldbeclearanyway;orthemanwhowavesachildacrossazebracrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwheneverandwherevertheycareto.Italwaysamazesmethatthehighwaysarenotcoveredwiththedeadbodiesofthesegrannies.
Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagethatgiverisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan'tevenlearntodrive,letalonemasterthesubtleraspectsofboatmanship.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoretake-and-giveonthepartofallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.
Accordingtothepassage,troublesontheroadareprimarilycausedby______.
58.Whyshouldn'tsecuritymeasuresdependentirelyonmachines?
59.
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthosewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinsmallvillages?
A.Arrogant.B.Original.C.Insensitive.D.Quiet.
60.SectionB
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
Youseethemeverywhere:harriedparentshaulingtheirlittleonesofftoclassesinMandarin,gymnasticsorclassicalviolin.Athome,they'refillingnurserieswith"educational"rattles(響尾蛇)andmobiles.It'sallforaworthygoal:makingthemostofthefirstthreeyearsoflife,whencriticalchangesinbrainstructuredeterminewhetherlittleMadisonorMatthewwillonedayentertheIvyLeague.Atleastthatiswhatagrowingnumberofparentshavebeenledtobelieve.Sadly,itmayallbeawasteoftimeandmoney.
A1994reportbytheCarnegieCorporationledtothecreationofavastmarketingeffortaimedatparentsofyoungchildren.Thereport,called"StartingPoints",usedneuroscience(神經(jīng)科學(xué))tomakethecaseformorefederallyfundedservicesforinfantsandtoddlersbyproclaimingthatbraindevelopmentinthewombandduringthefirstyearoflife"ismorerapidandextensivethanwepreviouslyrealized."Althoughthesciencewasactuallyquitelimited—andtherewascertainlynoproofthattoysorvideoscouldmakebabiessmarter—thereporthelpedfocusnationalattentionontheearlyyears.
Italsoinspiredactor-directorRobReiner,wholaunchedacampaigntoconvinceparentsandpolicymakersthatmoremoneyshouldgotonurturingdevelopmentduringtheearlyyears.Reinerarguedthatfocusingon"theprismofzeroto3"couldsolveavastrangeofsocietalills:teenpregnancy,drugabuse,crime.HefoundaneagerallyinHillaryClinton,whoconvenedthe1997WhiteHouseConferenceonEarlyChildhoodDevelopmentandLearning.Beforetheconference,bothTimeandNewsweekpublishedmajorstoriesonthetopicandABCranaprime-timespecial.Thehighlypublicizedconferenceplayedamajorroleinpopularizingtheideaofacritical"window"thatwouldslamshutonthethirdbirthday.Anditpersuadedstatesandthefederalgovernmenttospendmillionsonnewprogramsforbabiesandtoddlers.
Bythistime,eagerentrepreneurshadalsospottedauniqueopportunity.CompanieswithnameslikeBabyEinstein,BrainyBaby,BabyProdigy(神童)andBabyGeniusbecamepartofanimportantindustry.However,scientistssaythemoneyspentontheseeducationaltoysmightbebetteroffinacollegesavingsaccount.Therecentneuroscienceresearchindicatesthatthebraincontinuestogrowanddevelop"wellintooldage".Ontheotherhand,overstimulationmakesbabies(andadults)anxious.
InsteadofMandarinlessons,researcherssayparentswouldbebetteroffspendingmoretimetalking,singing,readingandplayingwiththeirbabiesandtoddlers.Nospecialequipmentisrequired.Affectionateinteractionhelpskidsdeveloplanguageandsocialskills.ItmaynotbeatickettoHarvard,butit'scertainlyagreatstart.
In1994,theCarnegieCorporationreleasedareportto______.
A.advocatetheimportanceoftheearly-yeareducation
B.developtheeducationmarketforparentsandchildren
C.emphasizeparent'swiseinvestmentonchildren
D.explainindetailthescienceonnetworksofnerves
四、5.ErrorCorrection(5題)61.
【S6】
62.
【S3】
63.
【S9】
64.
【S10】
65.
【S4】
五、6.Translation(5題)66.Facingthefiercecompetition,__________________(一些學(xué)校訴諸于招聘海外教師).
67.Evenifyou'rebestinclass,______________________________(要保持成績也得常常溫習(xí)功課才行).
68.Ishouldhavegonetovisithiminthehotel,______(但上周我都安排得滿滿的).
69.Sheoftencomplainsabout______(自己在工作上不受賞識).
70.Hethinksthatpeople_____(應(yīng)該團結(jié)起來不惜一切代價粉碎恐怖分子的計劃)
參考答案
1.D解析:在四個選項中,只有選項D是對原文該段第2句中的minimizetheriskofcausinginjury的近義改寫,為本題答案。
2.thedirectdegradationofwaterqualitythedirectdegradationofwaterquality解析:該句中的Ineffect,riversareusedasopensewersformunicipalwastes,whichresultsnotonlyinthedirectdegradationofwaterqualitybutalsoineutrophication.明確指出了把河流當(dāng)作開放的下水道會引起的問題,答案可直接得出。
3.thinkofdrinkthinkofdrink解析:由文章倒數(shù)第六段第一句話可直接得知答案。
4.C
5.A解析:從文章中的此句"Anothership,the'WildG
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