Unit+4+Body+language-Words+and+expressions 【知識(shí)精講精研】 高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修一

WordsandExpressionsUnit4BodyLanguage1.interaction/??nt?r??k??n/

n.交流，相互影響

interact

vi.互動(dòng),交流,交往,相互作用,相互影響

interactive

adj.

相互交流/合作/影響的；互動(dòng)的

interactwith

sb/sth...與...相互交流/影響

inter-

在....之間,相互international,interpersonal人與人之間的,interdependent相互依賴,interview釘釘是一款老師可以給學(xué)生上課和互動(dòng)的軟件。(定語(yǔ)從句)DingTalkisanapp______teacherscangivelecturesand_________students.whereinteractwith2.(1)vary[?ve?ri]

vi.(根據(jù)情況)變化;改變)

varybetween...and.../varyfrom...to...從...到...變化;在...和...間變化

varywith…隨著……的變化而變化varyin…在某方面不同

(2)variety[v??ra??t?]n.變化；種類；多樣性avarietyof＝varietiesof許多的；各種各樣的

(3)various[?ve?r??s]adj.各種各樣的eg.Whenwediscusssomethingaboutclassactivities,opinionsoftenvaryfrompersontoperson.varies-varied-varied-varying就像口語(yǔ)一樣，肢體語(yǔ)言因文化而異。Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevaries

fromculturetoculture.various+名詞=avarietyof(varietiesof)+名詞P953.appropriate[??pr??pri?t]

adj.合適的;恰當(dāng)?shù)腶nappropriatetime/place/way

inappropriateadj.不合適的；不恰當(dāng)?shù)腶ppropriatelyadv.合適地；恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

beappropriateto/for適用于；合乎Itisappropriateforsb.todosth.【練透】單句語(yǔ)法填空

P97①Itisnotappropriate_______(ask)suchpersonalquestionsinaninterview.②Sportsclothesarenotappropriate_______aformalwedding.toask

to/for你采納他的建議是合適的。Itisappropriateforyoutoadopthissuggestion.Itisappropriatethatyou(should)adopthissuggestion.proper、suitable、fit

4.by/incontrast[?k?ntrɑ?st]相比之下=

by/incomparison[k?m?p?r?s?n]Bycontrast,youaremuchmoreoutgoingthanyouryoungersister.相比之下，你比你的妹妹外向多了。In/bycontrast/comparisionwith/to…與……對(duì)比；與……相反makeacontrast/comparisionwith…與……形成對(duì)比contrastAwithB

把A與B作對(duì)比=CompareAwithB5.(1)approve/??pru?v/

vi.贊成/同意

vt.批準(zhǔn)/通過

①approvesth批準(zhǔn)某事

②approveof(sb/sb'sdoing)sth同意(某人做)某事

(2)approval[??pru?vl]n.贊成,批準(zhǔn),通過eg.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgiveyour________(approve)tomyapplication.

(3)disapprovevi.不贊成&vt.不批準(zhǔn)

(4)disapprovaln.不贊成disapproving

adj.不贊成的

approvingadj.贊成的

approvalInothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.相比之下，在其他國(guó)家，人們并不總是贊成眼神交流。gavean___________nod.noddedin___________.nodededatme____________.approvingapprovalapprovinglyP956.

demonstrate[?dem?nstre?t]vt.表現(xiàn)/表達(dá);說明;證明

vi.示威

展示/表現(xiàn)/表達(dá)/表露出（能力/品質(zhì)/感情）

(an/one’sability/talent/commitment)(sth./wh-從句)(display,show)demonstration[?dem?n?stre??n]n.證明，示范

7.

witness[?w?tn?s]n.[C]目擊者;證人

&vt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)看到;目擊;見證

awitnesstosth. ...的目擊者/證人寫作素材積累witness意為“見證，目睹”時(shí)，常以表示時(shí)代、年代、世紀(jì)或地點(diǎn)的名詞作主語(yǔ)，表示某時(shí)或某地“目睹、發(fā)生、經(jīng)歷”了某事。無靈主語(yǔ)句：無生命名詞+witness/see/find他在這個(gè)小村莊度過了快樂的童年。__________________________________________Thesmallvillagewitnessedhishappychildhood.【練透】用witness改寫下面的句子Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthelastfewyears.→Thelastfewyears__________________________________________．→Myhometown______________________________________________．havewitnessedgreatchangesinmyhometownhaswitnessedgreatchangesinthelastfewyearsP978.employ[?m?pl??]vt.使用，應(yīng)用，雇用

①employsb.as…/todosth.雇某人當(dāng)……/做某事employsthtodosth利用某物做某事

②beemployedin(doing)sth.=employoneselfin忙于...

=bebusy/occupiedindoingsth.

eg.Shewasemployedinwriting,soshenoticednothing.

employern.雇主

employeen.雇員

employmentn.工作;雇用;就業(yè)

unemploymentn.

失業(yè)employedadj.被雇用的

unemployedadj.失業(yè)的

反義詞：fire/dismiss解雇

P969.identical[a??dent?kl]:adj.相同的beidenticalto/with...:與...相同/一樣區(qū)別：thesame…as…:和…相同的…besimilarto…:與…類似/相似identically

adv.相同地identify

v.識(shí)別，鑒定identity

n.身份；個(gè)性；同一性世界上沒有兩片完全相同的葉子。Therearenotwoidenticalleavesintheworld.10.interpret[?n?t??pr?t]:vt.把…理解(解釋)為;口譯o...:把…翻譯成...interpreter

[?n?t??pr?t?]:n.口譯人員interpretation

n.

解釋；口譯translate[tr?ns?le?t][tr?nz?le?t]:v.翻譯;變成translate…into…:把…翻譯成/變成…translation[tr?ns?le??n][tr?nz?le??n]:n.翻譯;譯文;translator[tr?ns'leit?][tr?nz'leit?]:n.翻譯家;11.(1)differvi.相異，不同于

differfrom...in...與...在...方面不同

(2)different

adj.

不同的

bedifferentfrom...

與...不同(3)difference

n.

不同之處

makeadifference

有影響;很重要

makea/nodifferenceto...對(duì)…有/沒影響；對(duì)…很/不重要

(differed-differed,differing)indifferent

adj.漠不關(guān)心；不感興趣；一般的【練透】①Forexample,Shanghaifood，alittlebitsweet，differs_____Sichuanfoodthatisratherhot.②BritishEnglishdiffersfromAmericanEnglish___pronunciationandspelling.P9712.cheek[t?i?k]:n.面頰;臉頰face[fe?s]:v.面對(duì);面向;面臨n.臉;面孔check[t?ek]:v.檢查;核實(shí);核對(duì)

kisssb.onthecheek親某人的臉頰

動(dòng)詞+sb.+介詞+the+身體某一部位

hitsb.onthehead打某人的頭

patsb.ontheback拍某人的后背

catchsb.bythearm抓住某人的手臂

hitsb.intheface打了某人的臉13.(1)favourvt.較喜歡;選擇;有利于n.幫助;恩惠;贊同

favourdoingsth.喜歡做某事

favoursb/sthoversb/sth喜歡某人/某物勝過某人/某物

doafavourforsb.＝dosb.afavour給某人以恩惠；幫助某人

asksbafavour=askafavourofsb=asksbforafavour請(qǐng)某人幫助

infavourof支持；贊同

inone’sfavor對(duì)某人有利

(2)favourable

adj.贊成的；有利的

(3)favourite

adj.最喜愛的n.特別喜愛的人(或事物)機(jī)遇和成功往往青睞那些有準(zhǔn)備的人。Opportunitiesandsuccesstendtobeinfavourofthosewhoareready.

注意其他in+n+of的結(jié)構(gòu)短語(yǔ)inneedof需要insearchof尋找inhonourof向......表示敬意inchargeof管理incaseof如果.../萬一....intermsof就...來說inmemoryof為了紀(jì)念incelebrationof為了慶祝同意：agreewithsbabout/onsthbeinfavourofsthbeforsth不同意：disagreewithsbobjecttodoingsthbeagainststhP9614.bow[ba?]:vi.鞠躬;點(diǎn)頭vt.低(頭)[b??]:n.弓;蝴蝶結(jié)nod[n?d]:v./n.點(diǎn)頭

(nodding

nodded)

bowto…

向…鞠躬;屈服bowdown鞠躬；向...致敬；向...示弱；屈服weshouldn’tbowdowntoaforeignpower.15.waist[we?st]:n.腰;腰部waistcoatwaistbandShebowedherheadinshame.16.makeinferences:推理;推斷inference

[??nf?r?ns]:

n.結(jié)論;推斷infer[?n?f??(r)]:v.推斷;推論(inferred--inferring)【練透】寫出下列句中breakdown的含義①Attemptsmustbemadetobreakdownthebarriersoffear. ______②Overtime,theproteinintheeggshellbreaksdownintoaminoacids(氨基酸). ______(機(jī)器、車輛等)出故障17.breakdown

①(機(jī)器/車輛等)出故障/拋錨②(討論/障礙)失敗/打破/消除③(物質(zhì))分解④(人)崩潰/垮掉【練透】寫出下列句中breakdown的含義①Attemptsmustbemadetobreakdownthebarriersoffear.

______

②Overtime,theproteinintheeggshellbreaksdownintoaminoacids(氨基酸).

______

【記牢】breakawayfrom脫離(政黨)；打破(陳規(guī)、陋習(xí))breakin打斷；插嘴；闖入breakinto闖入breakout(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā)breakup分散；拆散；驅(qū)散；(關(guān)系等)破裂【寫美】補(bǔ)全句子P96③Sheistrying_______________________________,

whichmakesherparentshappy.她正努力改掉這個(gè)壞習(xí)慣，這使她父母很高興。18.barrier[?b?ri?(r)]:n.隔閡;障礙breakdownthebarrier:消除障礙19.fake[fe?k]:adj.假裝的;假的;冒充的real/genuine真的

--fake假的man-made:人造的artificial[?ɑ?t??f??l]:

adj.人工的;人造的;假的false:adj.假的true正確

---

false錯(cuò)誤Asmilecanbreakdown

barriers.

Thereisnoneedbeingangrywithothersaboutthemistakesthey

make.20.anger

n.憤怒，怒氣

vt.使生氣，激怒

toone’sanger使某人氣憤的是

inanger憤怒地

angry

adj.憤怒的，生氣的

beangrywithsb.

對(duì)某人生氣

beangryat/aboutsth.對(duì)某事生氣

angrily

adv.憤怒地寫作素材積累：表示“憤怒”的心理描寫1.滿腔怒火：befilledwithanger2.抑制怒火：control/contain/holdbackone’sanger3.勃然大怒：burstintoanger4.Angerswallowedhimlikeawildbeast.5.Hisangereruptedlikeavolcano.

21.(1)reliable

adj.可靠的，可信賴的

(2)unreliable

adj.不可靠的

(3)rely

vi.信賴，可靠

①relyon/upon=dependon/upon=counton

依靠；依賴，指望

relyon/uponsb.todosth.指望某人做某事

②relyonit+that從句

相信/指望…

1.seetoitthat.....

注意/負(fù)責(zé)

eg.Iwillseetoitthateverythingisready.2.dependonitthat......

3.Iwouldappreciateitif...4.like/love/dislike/hateitthat/when......IhateitwhenIamstudyingandhekeepsbotheringme.P9724.incident[??ns?d?nt]:n.發(fā)生的事情;嚴(yán)重事件;沖突accident[??ks?d?nt]:n.(意外)事故;意外的事event:n.事情;重要事情;大事;比賽項(xiàng)目

25.trial[?tra??l]:n./v.審訊;審判;試驗(yàn);試用try:v.嘗試;努力;審訊;審判;審理trialanderror:不斷摸索;反復(fù)試驗(yàn)bytrialanderror:通過不斷摸索/反復(fù)試驗(yàn)ontrial在試驗(yàn)中26.slight[sla?t]:adj.輕微的;略微的;細(xì)小的slightly[?sla?tli]:adv.略微;稍微rainslightly/lightly:下小雨rainhard/heavily/catsanddogs:

下大雨light/heavyrain:小雨/大雨27.nonverbal[n?n?v??b(?)l]:adj.不涉及言語(yǔ)的;非言語(yǔ)的verbaladj.言辭的；口頭的28.assessment[??sesm?nt]:n.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)定makeanassessmentofsth.對(duì)---做出評(píng)估assess[??ses]:vt.評(píng)估;評(píng)價(jià)evaluate[??v?lj?e?t]:v.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)估;估值29.internal

[?n?t??nl]:adj.內(nèi)部的;里面的external[?k?st??nl]:adj.外部的;表面的inner:adj.內(nèi)部的;內(nèi)心的outer:adj.外部的inside:

adj./adv.內(nèi)部;里面outside:adj./adv.外部;外面

P1001)Pleasestraightenupandimaginethatyourheadistouchingthesky.2)We'dbetterstraightenupthehousebeforetheygetback.3)Nevergiveup.Dryyourtearsandstraightenup.30.straightenup

①直起身來;

②整理;

收拾整齊（=tidyup）

③振作straightenvt.&vi.(使)變直；整理；straightadj.直接的31.slump[sl?mp]vi.垂頭彎腰地走（或坐等）Heslumpeddowninhischair.他咚地一聲坐在椅子上。32.pose[p??z]:n.故作姿態(tài);(為畫像、拍照等擺的)姿勢(shì)v.擺好姿勢(shì);造成(威脅、問題等)strike/adopt

apose:擺姿勢(shì)poseathreat/challenge/danger/risk:

構(gòu)成威脅/挑戰(zhàn)/危險(xiǎn)/風(fēng)險(xiǎn)33.bendv.彎曲；傾斜；偏向benddown彎腰；蹲下bendforward前傾

bendto屈從于---bendone'shead低下頭asharpbend急轉(zhuǎn)彎

(bent,bent)Thetallmanbentdowntogetintotheroom.Wewillnotbendtothewillofanyone.34.reveal[r??vi?l]vt.揭示；顯示；露出

revealsth.tosb.向某人透露某事35.clarify

[?kl?r?fa?]vt. 使更清晰易懂;闡明;澄清

clarifyasituation/problem/issue澄清情況/問題拓展；-ify是動(dòng)詞后綴，意為”使得；變成”。以-ify結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞還有；simplify使簡(jiǎn)化beautify美化

clarification

n.闡明；澄清36.inotherwords

換句話說;也就是說

inaword總之breakone’sword食言keepone’sword信守諾言word

came

that

...有消息傳來……(此時(shí)word為不可數(shù)名詞)Joealwayskeepshisword;inotherwords,heneverbreakshisword.Thatis(tosay).也就是說;即P10837.educator[?ed?uke?t?(r)]:n.教師;教育工作者;教育家teacher[?ti?t??]:n.老師;教師educate

[?edj?ke?t/?ed??ke?t]:v.教育;培養(yǎng);訓(xùn)練education[?edj??ke??n][?ed???ke??n]:n.教育geta(good)education:

獲得(好的)教育38.(1)tendency[?tend?nsi]n.[C]趨勢(shì)，傾向

haveatendencytodosth.

有做某事的傾向

(2)tend

v.往往會(huì)，趨向；照料

tendtodosth.

往往會(huì)/傾向做某事

tend(to)sb.

照顧/照料某人P10839.lower[?l???(r),?la??(r)]vt. 把…放低;降低;減少

adj下面的;下方的;較小的

lowadj.低的，淺的；粗俗的；卑賤的；消沉的

adv.謙卑地，低下地；低聲地他低下了頭，感到很羞愧。(非謂語(yǔ))Loweringhishead,hefeltashamed.40.imply[?m?pla?]vt. 意味著;暗示

implicationn.暗示，言外之意Whatdoestheauthorimplyaccordingtopara.3?41.barely[?be?li]:

adv.幾乎不;勉強(qiáng)才能;剛剛

bare

adj.光禿的；荒蕪的；無遮蓋的Hardly/Scarcely/Barelyhadsb.done

when...:

剛...就...;一...就...

42.chin[t??n]:n.下巴他兩手撐著下巴，想知道那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)。(非謂語(yǔ))He

holds

hischininhishands,wonderingwhoheis.43.occupation[??kj?pe??n]n.[c]工作;消遣

[u]侵占/占領(lǐng)occupy[??kjupa?]vt.占據(jù)/占領(lǐng);占用(時(shí)間/空間)vi.使忙于

occupyoneselfindoing/withsth.

忙于做...

occupied

adj.使用中；被占領(lǐng)的beoccupiedindoing/withsth

從事于，忙于

44.stare

v.凝視；盯著看

&n.凝視

stare

at

盯著看;凝視glareat...:怒視glanceat…:看一眼lookat...:看Withtheirchinsontheirhands,theyoccupythemselvesbystaringoutofthewindoworupattheceiling.他們雙手托著下巴，盯著窗外或天花板看45.distract[d??str?kt]vt.分散（注意力）；使分心distractsb/sthfromsth轉(zhuǎn)移/分散...（對(duì)某事）的注意力distractingadj.令人分心的

distractedadj.心煩意亂的；注意力分散的distractionn.分散注意力；使人分心的事46.

perceive[p??si?v]vt.察覺；看待；理解perceive..as/tobe將...看成/理解為青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)被視為一項(xiàng)重大突破。Thediscoveryofartemisininwasperceivedasamajorbreakthrough.regard/consider...as...:認(rèn)為...是...=perceive...as...=lookon/upon...as...47.distinguish[d??st??ɡw??]v.區(qū)分，分辨

distinguishbetweenAandB/distinguish

Afrom

B區(qū)分A和B

distinguished

adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的

distinguishrightfromwrong/

betweenrightandwrong

明辨是非bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名bedistinguishedas...作為……而出名48.anxiety[???za??ti]n.

擔(dān)心；焦慮；渴望

withanxiety

焦慮地

anxious

[???k??s]

adj.

憂慮的，擔(dān)心的，渴望的

beanxiousaboutsth.

擔(dān)心...

anxiously

adv.

焦慮地；憂慮地beanxioustodosth急于做某事P109P10949.embarrassed[?m?b?r?st]adj.難堪的，尷尬的

be/feelembarrassedabout/at... 因……而感到尷尬/窘迫

beembarrassedtodosth.尷尬/窘迫地做某事embarrass

vt.使尷尬embarrassing

adj.

令人尷尬的，令人難堪的

anembarrassingquestion/situation 令人難堪的問題/處境embarrassment

n.尷尬

toone’sembarrassment

令某人尷尬的是50.ashamed[???e?md]adj.羞愧；慚愧

shamen.羞恥；慚愧；遺憾的事

shamefuladj.可恥的;丟臉的shameless

adj.無恥的

beashamedofsth.為---感到羞愧

beashamedtodosth.因羞愧而不情愿做某事

toone'sshame讓某人感到慚愧的是

It'sashamethat... …真讓人遺憾

Whatashame/pity! 真可惜！Hewasshamedofcheatingintheexamanddeterminednevertodothatagain.ashamed作表語(yǔ)，指某人感到羞愧、慚愧、不好意思。不用于名詞前shameful指某事或某行為本身可恥、不道德51.merely[?m??li]:adv.只是;僅僅;只不過mere

adj.僅僅的，只不過only[???nl?]:adv.只有;僅僅just[d??st]:adv.僅僅;只是notmerely/only/just...butalso...:不但...而且...你只不過是我的一個(gè)朋友。Youaremerelyafriendofmine.52.callon

②公開請(qǐng)求/號(hào)召;

【記牢】callonsbtodosth號(hào)召/呼吁某人做某事callin叫……進(jìn)來；短暫訪問callfor要求；呼吁；需要calloff取消callup打電話；回憶起①(短暫)拜訪/訪問;P10953.bother

[?b?e?(r)]v使煩惱，打擾

n煩擾，令人煩惱的人或事bothersbwith/aboutsth為某事打擾或麻煩某人bothersbtodosth麻煩某人做某事bothertodo/(about)doingsth費(fèi)心做某事havebother(in)doingsth做某事費(fèi)勁putsbtoanybother給某人添亂Itbotherssbthat/todosth使某人苦惱的是P11054.weep[wi?p]v.&n.哭泣;流淚

weepwithjoy

喜極而泣

流著淚，我向他們揮手告別。(非謂語(yǔ))Weeping,Iwavegoodbyetothem.

(wept-wept)寫作素材積累：

你會(huì)哭嗎？1.動(dòng)詞:crysobweep2.詞組:

burstintotears/burstoutcryinghavetearsinone’seyesbeclosetotearsfightbackone’stearstearswellupinone’seyestearsroll/stream/rundownone’scheeks(獨(dú)立主格)

Hestoodsilently,tearsrollingdownhischeeks.sweep

v.

打掃;清除55.atwork在上班；在工作

起著某一特定影響或作用Youcan’tfindmyparentsathomenow.They’reatwork.你現(xiàn)在在家找不著我爸媽的，因?yàn)樗麄兩习嗳チ恕ithyourantivirussoftwareatwork,yourcomputeriswellprotected.有殺毒軟件發(fā)揮作用，你的電腦受到了很好的保護(hù)。inwork:在崗

outofwork:失業(yè)gotowork:去上班

get/beoffwork:下班57.conflict[?k?nfl?kt]:n.矛盾;沖突[k?n?fl?kt]:vi.沖突;抵觸comeintoconflictwith 與……沖突；與……發(fā)生爭(zhēng)執(zhí)inconflictwithsb.(oversth.) 和