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2022年福建省南平市大學英語6級大學英語六級真題(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________
一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.EarthquakePreparedness
Oneofthemostfrighteninganddestructivephenomenaofnatureisasevereearthquakeanditsterribleaftereffects.
Earthquakesstrikesuddenly,violently,andwithoutwarningatanytimeofthedayornight.Ifanearthquakeoccursinapopulatedarea,itmaycausemanydeathsandinjuriesandextensivepropertydamage.Identifyingpotentialhazardsaheadoftimeandadvanceplanningcanreducethedangersofseriousinjuryorlossoflifefromanearthquake.
WhattoDoBeforeanEarthquake
CheckforHazardsintheHome
?Fastenshelvessecurelytowalls.
?Placelargeorheavyobjectsonlowershelves.
?Storebreakableitemssuchasbottledfoods,glass,andchinainlow,closedcabinetswithlatches.
?Hangheavyitemssuchaspicturesandmirrorsawayfrombeds,couches,andanywherepeoplesit.
?Braceoverheadlightfixtures.
?Repairdefectiveelectricalwiringandleakygasconnections.Thesearepotentialfirerisks.
?Secureawaterheaterbystrappingittothewallstuds(螺栓)andboltingittothefloor.
?Repairanydeepcracksinceilingsorfoundations.Getexpertadviceiftherearesignsofstructuraldefects.
?Storeweedkillers,pesticides,andflammableproductssecurelyinclosedcabinetswithlatchesandonbottomshelves.
IdentifySafePlacesIndoorsandOutdoors
?Understurdyfurnituresuchasaheavydeskortable.
?Againstaninsidewall.
?Awayfromwhereglasscouldshatteraroundwindows,mirrors,pictures,orwhereheavybookcasesorotherheavyfurniturecouldfallover.
?Intheopen,awayfrombuildings,trees,telephoneandelectricallines,overpasses,orelevatedexpressways.
EducateYourselfandFamilyMembers
?ContactyourlocalemergencymanagementofficeorAmericanRedCrosschapterformoreinformationonearthquakes.Alsoreadthe"How-toSeries"forinformationonhowtoprotectyourpropertyfromearthquakes.
?Teachchildrenhowandwhentocall911,police,orfiredepartmentandwhichradiostationtotunetoforemergencyinformation.
?Teachallfamilymembershowandwhentoturnoffgas,electricity,andwater.
HaveDisasterSuppliesonHand
?Flashlightandextrabatteries.
?Portablebattery-operatedradioandextrabatteries.
?Firstaidkitandmanual.
?Emergencyfoodandwater.
?Nonelectriccanopener.
?Essentialmedicines.
?Cashandcreditcards.
?Sturdyshoes.
DevelopanEmergencyCommunicationPlan
?Incasefamilymembersareseparatedfromoneanotherduringanearthquake(arealpossibilityduringthedaywhenadultsareatworkandchildrenareatschool),developaplanforreunitingafterthedisaster.
?Askanout-of-staterelativeorfriendtoserveasthe"familycontact".Afteradisaster,it'softeneasiertocalllongdistance.Makesureeveryoneinthefamilyknowsthename,address,andphonenumberofthecontactperson.
HelpYourCommunityGetReady
?Publishaspecialsectioninyourlocalnewspaperwithemergencyinformationonearthquakes.Localizetheinformationbyprimingthephonenumbersoflocalemergencyservicesoffices,theAmericanRedCross,andhospitals.
?Conductaweek-longseriesonlocatinghazardsinthehome.
?WorkwithlocalemergencyservicesandAmericanRedCrossofficialstopreparespecialreportsforpeoplewithmobilityimpairmentsonwhattododuring
A.YB.NC.NG
2.
Driverscanbefreefromtheresponsibilityofhavingtofollowalongbehindsomeonewiththehelpof______.
3.Thatriversareusedasopensewersforcitywastescauses______andeutrophication.
4.
Thewaterandnutrientstosupportthebiomassofthetreeareprovidedby______andconductedby______.
5.
ValMacDonaldhelpsadultchildrenwiththeiragingparentissuesthrough______.
A.amagazineB.theInternetC.phonecallsD.homevisiting
6.
The1990reportoftheCaliforniaTaskForcetoPromotePersonalandSocialResponsibilityfinds______accountsformorepersonalandsocialills.
A.thelackofself-esteem
B.thelackoflaw
C.thelackofmoney
D.thelackofeducation
7.
Nomatterwhatthehostagesituationislike,theprincipleofnegotiatingistoworkthehostage-takersintoa______.
8.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)
Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.
Forquestions1~7,mark
Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;
N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;
NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.
Forquestions8~10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
Euro(歐元)
Nationalcurrenciesarevitallyimportanttothewaymoderneconomiesoperate.Theyallowustoconsistentlyexpressthevalueofanitemacrossbordersofcountries,oceans,andcultures.Wealthcanbeeasilystoredortransportedascurrency.
Currenciesarealsodeeplyembeddedinourculturesandourpsyche.Thinkabouthowfamiliaryouarewiththepriceofthings.Ifyou'vegrownupintheUnitedStates,youthinkofeverythingin"dollars,"justlikeyouthinkaboutdistancesininchesandmiles.
OnJanuary1,2002,theeurobecamethesinglecurrencyof12memberstatesoftheEuropeanUnion.Thiswillmakeitthesecondlargestcurrencyintheworld(theU.S.dollarbeingthelargest).Itwillalsobethelargestcurrencyeventinthehistoryoftheworld.Twelvenationalcurrencieswillevaporate(蒸發(fā))andbereplacedbytheeuro.
DesigningtheEuro
TheEuropeanCommission(EC)wasgiventhetaskofcreatingtheeurosymbolaspartofitscommunicationswork.Therewerethreethingsthedesignhadtoaccomplish:
Ithadtobeeasilyrecognized.
Ithadtobeeasilywrittenbyhand.
Ithadtobepleasingtolookat.
TheEChadmorethan30designsdrawnup.Theyselected10fromthoseandletthepublicvote,whichnarrowedthose10downtotwo.Fromthemtheymadetheirfinalselection.ThedesignthatwasselectedisbasedontheGreekletterepsilon,andalsoresemblesthe"e"asthefirstletteroftheword"Europe."Thetwoparallellinesthroughthecenterofthe"c"representstability.
WhereDidtheIdeaComeFrom?
Theoriginalseedwasplantedin1946whenWinstonChurchillsuggestedthecreationofthe"UnitedStatesofEurope."Hisgoalswereprimarilypolitical,inthathehopedaunifiedgovernmentwouldbringaboutpeaceforacontinentthathadbeentornapartbytwoWorldwars.
Then,in1952,sixwest-EuropeancountriestookChurchill'ssuggestionandcreatedtheEuropeanCoalandSteelCommunity(ECSC)Theseresourceswerequitestrategictothepowerofeachcountry,soarequirementoftheECSCwasthateachcountryallowstheirresourcestobecontrolledbyanindependentauthority.Theirgoal,justasChurchillhadintended,wastohelppreventmilitaryconflictbetweenFranceandGermany.
In1957,theTreatyofRomewassigned,declaringthegoalofcreatingacommonEuropeanmarket.ItwassignedbyFrance,Germany,Italy,Belgium,theNetherlands,andLuxembourg.
Aftermanyfalsestarts,theprocessofcreatingtheEurogotitsrealstartin1989,whentheDelorsReportwaspublishedbyJacquesDelors,presidentoftheEuropeanCommission.Thisimportantreportoutlinedathree-stagetransition(過渡)planthatwouldcreateasingleEuropeancurrency.
PlanningtheTransition
AsoutlinedintheDelorsReport,thetransitiontoasingleEuropeancourtesyfollowedathree-stageplan:StageonebeganonJuly1,1990,andimmediatelyabolished(廢止)(atleastinprinci
A.YB.NC.NG
9.
Peoplecanincreasetheirreadingspeediftheyreadsilentlyratherthan______.
10.
SilentSpringcontainedsomuchcarefullycollectedscientificevidencethatitwaswidelyacclaimedasasignificantbookwhenitcameoutintheearly1960s.
A.YB.NC.NG
11.
Thevolcanicactivitiesinvolvenowaterinanyform.becausethetemperatureissohigh.
A.YB.NC.NG
12.
Mostmemoryresearchersagreethatourbrainsrecord—andrememberatsomelevel—everythingthathappenstous.
A.YB.NC.NG
13.FollowingtheexampleofGAP,whatdidHPdolastyear?
A.Itsuppliedsimilartransparencytoitssupplychain.
B.Itprintedadetailedlabelforitsproducts.
C.Itpublishedinformationaboutthefactoriesituses.
D.Itdevelopedsourcingguidelinesforitssuppliers.
14.
Accordingtomanydoctorsandnutritionists,ourmaximumdailycalorieintakeoffatcaloriesis______.
15.
Peopleconsumemoreandmorecaloriestomakeusfeelthatwearefullatmealsthatarerichin______.
16.
Weusuallydonotplayinourhoursofleisurebutspendtheminvariousof______.
17.
MartinusvanSchalkwyk,theministerofenvironmentalaffairsandtourism,visitedthesouthDurbanbasinearlierthisyearandsaidthereweremeasuresinplaceto______.
18.
InordertoargueagainstDr.Suddendorf,somecomparativepsychologistshavebeenconductingexperimentstoproveanimalscan______.
19.
Intheyearstocome,thepercentageoftelecommuterswillgrowfarbeyondthefuturists'wildestexpectations.
A.YB.NC.NG
20.
Ifsomeoneisshortofbreathwhenlyingdown,theremaybe______.
二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.【B5】
22.聽力原文:OneofBritain'sfewdistinctivecontributionstoworldculturemaybedoomed,accordingtoasurveythatsuggests(29)holidaypostcardsarebeingemailedandtextedintoextinction.Morethanhalfofthe1,000holidaymakersinterviewedsaidtheyhaddecidedtosendfewercards,turninginsteadtotheirelectronicrivals.Aquarteroftherespondentsdismissedpostcardsasold-fashionedandslowtoarrive.Afurther14%admittedthatthinkingofsomethingtofillthespacewastoochallenging,comparedwithacallhome.
ThomsonHolidayscommissionedthepoll.Itshead,ChrisMotterssaidthatiftheBritishpostcarddidbecomeextinct,theywouldloseforeversomethingofgreatimportancetothenation.HewasbackedbyMarieAngelouofSussexUniversity,whohasinvestigatedtheimportanceofsendingandreceivingpostcards.(30)"Postcardsarenothinglikephonecalls,instanttextinganddirectphotoshotsviathemobile,"shesaid."Alltheseareuseful,practicaldevices,butpostcardsoffersomethingelse,somethingadditionalthatisnotmundaneandsimplyfunctional,butimaginativeandpersonal.Theycanevoketherealatmosphereofyourholidayinawaythatnothingelsecando.They'realsoformorethanamoment--withsomepeopleaddingthemtocollectionsbuiltupoveryearsandyears."
(31)Postcard-collecting,isthirdonlytocoinsandstampsinBritain'salliedtraditionofcollectingthings.Thecountry'suniquelypostcard-relatedachievementsincludetheinventionin1902ofthe"dividedback".Withtheaddresstakinguphalfofthewritingarea,briefpostcardscribblesbecamethepioneertotoday'stextmessages.
(30)
A.MoreandmorepeopleareusedtotheInternet.
B.CellponesareBecominganimportantpartofourlife.
C.Postcardsareinthedangerofextinction.
D.Communicationsbetweenpeoplearebecomingeasier.
23.(17)
A.Hethinksitisapitythatthereisaflawonit.
B.Hethinksitisagoodbargainbutitcouldbemuchcheaper.
C.Hethinksitisarealbargainbecausetheflawishardlynoticeable.
D.Hethinksthewomanshouldshowittoherfriends.
24.
【B7】
25.聽力原文:M:Ilikethewayyou'vedoneyourhair,dear.Itlookssonaturalandoriginal.
W:Thankyou.I'msurprisedyounoticeditthough.Ispentthewholemorninginthehairsalon,andIreallydidn'tknowwhatwouldcomeoutuntilMichael,thehairdresser,toldmeitwasdone.
Q:Whatdoestheconversationtellus?
(17)
A.Thehusbandwenttothehairsalonwithhiswife.
B.Thewifeisannoyedatherhusband'scomplaint.
C.Thehusbandisnotusuallysoobservant.
D.Thewifeisgoingtothehairdresser's.
26.聽力原文:W:David,listentothis:"Mr.GraySmith,80yearsold,ismakinghisfirstattempttoparachutethisWednesday.Mr.Smithsaidhehadbeenlookingforwardtothejumpforalongtime."
M:Yes.Goodforhim.
W:Idon'tthinkitisagoodideaforMr.Smith.
M:Whynot?
W:Becauseheisold.Inmycountry,whenapersonis80,heissupposedtostayathomeandbetakencareof
M:Really?IthinkMr.Smithcandowhateverhewantsaslongasheknowshowtodoitwellandheissurebeissafe.
W:Iagreewithyouthere.
(20)
A.Tojoininthesportgames
B.Tohaveaparachutejump
C.Totravelaroundtheworld
D.Topracticingdiving
27.SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe
Millionsofyoungpeoplearecreatingblogs.Millionsofothersarereadingthem.Theword"blog"isashortwayofsayingWeblog.
Manypopular【B1】______nowofferfree,easywaystocreatepersonalWebpagesandfillthemwithwritingsandpictures.Manyyoungadultsusetheirblogstowriteaboutdaily【B2】______andeventsintheirlives.Theyalsoprovideaplaceforpeopletowritetheirideasand【B3】______andreacttotheideasofothers.
Blogsofferyoungpeopleaplacetoshowtheirwritingsandotherformsof【B4】______.Blogscanalsobehelpfultoconnectyoungpeoplewithlargersocialgroups.Butsomeresearcherssaythe【B5】______harmlessblogscanbecomedangerouswhenreadonthe【B6】______bymillionsofpeopleallovertheworld.
Peopleare【B7】______thatstudentsareincludinginformationintheirblogsthatcreateathreattotheirown【B8】______andsafety.【B9】______.Thispersonalinformationputsthematriskofbeingsoughtoutbydangerouspeoplewhowanttoharmthem.
【B10】______
Onewaytoavoidtheseproblemsisbyusingprogramsthatpermitblogstobereadby"friendsonly".【B11】______.
【B1】
28.(46)
29.
【B3】
30.
【B10】
31.(21)
A.Fourdays.
B.Aweek.
C.Sixtoninedays.
D.Hehasn'tdecidedyet.
32.
【B2】
33.(13)
A.Inanoffice.
B.Inarestaurant.
C.Inadepartmentstore.
D.Inafactory.
34.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.
(12)
A.Heisapoliceman.
B.Heisaschoolrunner.
C.Heisalibrarian.
D.Heisateacher.
35.(26)
A.Beinginitiative.
B.Beingabletoleadateam.
C.Beingdynamic.
D.Beingabletoprettilyusepower.
36.(22)
A.Teachhimhowtowriteapoem.
B.Helphimwithcoursework.
C.Reviewthelastexamwithhim.
D.Walkwithhimtothelibrary.
37.(31)
A.Businesssuccesstakesahighlevelofactivity.
B.Topmanagersaregenerallygiftedatjudgingpeople.
C.Businesssuccesstakestheabilitymcopewithstress.
D.Differentexecutivesmaketheircommunicationscomethroughindifferentways.
38.
【B8】
39.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.
聽力原文:M:Sotediousajob!Ican'tconcentrateonitanylonger.Maybeweshouldtakeanapbeforewecontinue.
W:Well,youknowpeoplesaythephysicalactivitymakesyoumomalert.
Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?
(12)
A.Themanshouldsleepforawhile.
B.Themanshouldfinishthejobrightnow.
C.Themanshouldtrytoconcentrateonthejob.
D.Themanshouldgetsomeexercises.
40.【B7】
三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.SectionB
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
Biologically,thereisonlyonequalitywhichdistinguishesusfromanimals:theabilitytolaugh.Inauniversewhichappearstobeutterlydeficientofhumor,weenjoythissupremeluxury.Anditisaluxury,forunlikeanyotherbodilyprocess,laughterdoesnotseemtoserveabiologicallyusefulpurpose.Inadividedworld,laughterisaunifyingforce.Humanbeingsopposeeachotheronagreatmanyissues.Nationsmaydisagreeaboutsystemsofgovernmentandhumanrelationsmaybeplaguedbyideologicalclansandpoliticalcamps,butweallsharetheabilitytolaugh.Andlaughter,inturn,dependsonthatmostcomplexandsubtleofallhumanqualities:asenseofhumor.Certaincomicstereotypeshaveauniversalappeal.Thiscanbestbeseenfromtheworld-widepopularityofCharlieChaplin'searlyfilms.Asthatgreatcommentatoronhumanaffairs,Dr.SamuelJohnson,onceremarked,"menhavebeenwiseinverydifferentmodes;buttheyhavealwayslaughedinthesameway."
Asenseofhumormaytakevariousformsandlaughtermaybeanythingfromrefinedtinkle(清脆的聲響)toanearthquakingroar,buttheeffectisalwaysthesame.Humorhelpsustomaintainacorrectsenseofvalues.Itistheonequalitywhichpoliticalfanatics(狂熱者)appeartolack.Ifwecanseethefunnyside,wenevermakethemistakeoftakingourselvestooseriously.Wearealwaysremindedthattragedyisnotreallyfarremovedfromcomedy,sowenevergetone-sidedviewofthings.
Thisisoneofthechieffunctionsofsatire(諷刺)andirony.Humanpainandsufferingarcsogrim;wehoversooftenonthebrinkofwar;politicalrealitiesareusuallyenoughtoplungeusintototaldespair.Insuchcircumstances,cartoonsandsatiricalaccountsofseriouspoliticaleventsredressthebalance.Theytakethewindoutofarrogantpoliticianswhohavelosttheirsenseofproportion.Theyenableustoseethatmanyofourmostprofoundactionsaremerelycomicorabsurd.WelaughwhenagreatsatiristlikeSwiftwritesaboutwarinGulliver'sTravels.TheLilliputiansandtheirneighborsattackeachotherbecausetheycan'tagreewhichendtobreakanegg.Welaughbecausewearemeanttolaugh;butwearemeanttoweeptoo.Itistoopowerfulaweapontobeallowedtoflourish.
Thesenseofhumormustbesingledoutasman'smostimportantqualitybecauseitisassociatedwithlaughter.Andlaughter,inturn,isassociatedwithhappiness.Courage,determination,initiative—thesearequalitieswesharewithotherformsoflife.Butthesenseofhumorisuniquelyhuman.Ifhappinessisoneofthegreatgoalsoflife,thenitisthesenseofhumorthatprovidesthekey.
Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatlaughter______.
A.canresolvepeople'soppositiontoeachother
B.isauniversalfeaturesharedbyhumanbeings
C.playsabiologicalroleunlikeotherbodilyprocess
D.hasnothingtodowithpeople'ssenseofhumor
42.
Whoobjectedtotheclosingoftherailwaybranchline?
A.OnlypeoplelivinginBarnstaple.
B.WorkersoftheSouthernRailway.
C.PeopleofbothBarnstapleandLynton.
D.ThemanagementoftheSouthernRailway.
43.
【C2】
44.
AccordingtoPara.2whichofthefollowingisanaspectdirectlyinfluencedbyGriffith'sfilminnovations?
A.Camerawork.
B.Filmediting.
C.Rangeandtreatmentofsubjects.
D.Musiccomposing.
45.
Thearticlesuggeststhatweshouldnowre-examineourthinkingaboutthefutureofworkand______.
A.createmorefactoriesinordertoincreaseourproductivity
B.bepreparedtoadmitthatbeingemployedisnottheonlykindofwork
C.setupsmallerprivateenterprisessothatweinturncanemployothers
D.bepreparedtofillintimeathometakinguphobbiesandleisureactivities
46.
Japanesescientistsarehelpingpeople______undergroundlife.
47.Peopletalkedaboutapromisingidea:usingtheelectricalwiringalreadyinthehousetomovedatafromroomtoroom.Oneearlyapplication,theX10systemforcontrollinglightsandappliances,didn'talwaysworkwell.Thetechnologywascertainlynotreadytobeusedtobringwebpagestocomputersanywhereinthehouse.
Alongcamethewirelessnetwork.For50,youcouldgettheInternetsprayedacrossthehouseandneverbeconfinedbyacordtothewall.Itwasslowinthoseearlydays,veryunreliable,andopentointerruptionifyoucouldn'tbotherwithsettinguptheencodedpasswords.
Butitcaughton.AccordingtoestimatesmadebyParksAssociates,amarketresearchfirmbasedinDallas,about12.5millionhomesnowhavewirelessnetworks;another10millionhomes,mostlynewerones,haveEthernet(以太網(wǎng)).
Cheapandprevalentisahardcombinationtobeat.However,technologycompaniescontinuedtoworkontheidea.AversionforpowerlinescalledHomePlugcameoutin2002,andwhileithardlyaffectedsalesofwirelessnetworkequipment,itsoldenoughthatmajorcompanieslikeIntel,Cisco,Sony,SharpandComcastcreatedtheHomePlugAlliancetopushfornext-generationproducts,withthefirsttocomeoutlaterthisyear.
Somecompaniesarenotwaiting.Panasonic,Netgear,Marantzarealreadyofferingproductsthatwillmovedatathroughhomeelectricallinesfasterthanrouters(刻紋機)usingthecurrentWi-Fistandardforwirelessnetworking.
PanasonicstartedsellingitsHD-PLCEthernetadaptersforpowerlineslastmonth.OneadapterisattachedtoarouterwithashortEthernetcableandpluggedintoanearbywallsocket.Theseconddeviceispluggedintoasocketelsewhereinthehouse.WhenacomputerislinkedtoitwithanEthernetcable,dataistransmittedthroughthehome'selectricalwiringatspeedsofupto190megabits(兆位)asecond.
Netgearwillbesellingasimilarsystemnextmonthforabout$300.Itmovesdataataslightlyfasterrate.
MarantzsaysitsZR6001SPreceiverwillsendmusictospecialspeakersinanotherroomoverpowerlines.Thesystemincludesbothdevices.ThemusiclistenercontrolsthereceiverandtheCDplayersconnectedtoitfromacontrolpadonthespeakers.
Theseproductsseemhopelesscandidates.Whowouldliketopaytwoorthreetimesexpensivethanwirelessnetwork?Theanswerliesinsimplicity."It'swhymostpeopleneedus",Robertsaid,notingthecomplexityofinstallingawirelessnetworkisevidentbythefactthatreturnratesonwirelessnetworkingdevicesdroptonearlyzero.Thethreeproducts'makerssaidthatpeoplewhocannotgetwhole-housecoveragewithawirelesssystemorthoseplaguedbydeadzonesmightfinditappealing.
Thepromisingideamentionedinthefirstparagraph______.
A.hasmaturetechnologytosupportit
B.hasastableearlyapplication—theX10system
C.istotransmitdatabypowerlineswithinthehouse
D.fosteredproductswhichaffectedwirelessnetwork
48.SectionB
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
TelevisionhastransformedpoliticsintheUnitedStatesbychangingthewayinwhichinformationistransmitted,byalteringpoliticalcampaigns,andbychangingcitizens'patternsofresponsetopolitics.Bygivingcitizensindependentaccesstothecandidates,televisiondiminishedtheroleofthepoliticalpartyintheselectionofthemajorpartycandidates.Bycenteringpoliticsonthepersonofthecandidate,televisionacceleratedthecitizen'sfocusoncharacterthanissues.
Televisionhasalteredtheformsofpoliticalcommunicationaswell.Themessagesonwhichmostofusrelyarebrieferthantheyoncewere.Thestumpspeech,apoliticalspeechgivenbytravelingpoliticiansandlasting1.5to2hours,whichcharacterizednineteenthcenturypoliticaldiscourse,hasgivenwaytothe30-secondadvertisementand10-second"soundbite(原聲摘要)"inbroadcastnews.Increasinglytheaudienceforspeechesisnotthatstandinginfrontofthepoliticianbutratherviewingaudiencewhowillhearandseeasnippet(摘錄)ofthespeechonthenews.
Intheseabbreviated(縮減的)forms,muchofwhatconstitutedthetraditionalpoliticaldiscourseofearlierageshasbeenlost.In15or30seconds,aspeakercannotestablishthehistoricalcontextthatshapedtheissueinquestion,cannotdetailtheprobablecausesoftheproblem,andcannotexaminealternativeproposalstoarguethatoneispreferabletoothers.Insnippets,politiciansassertbutdonotargue.
Becausetelevisionisanintimatemedium,speakingthroughitrequiredachangedpoliticalstyle.thatwasmoreconversational,personal,andvisualthanthatoftheold-style.stumpspeech.Relianceontelevisionmeansthatincreasinglyourpoliticalworldcontainsmemorablepicturesratherthanmemorablewords.Schoolsteachustoanalyzewordsandprint.However.inaworldinwhichpoliticsisincreasinglyvisual,informedcitizenshiprequiresanewsetofskills.
Recognizingthepoweroftelevision'spictures,politicianscrafttelevisual,stagedevents,calledpseudoevents,designedtoattractmediacoverage.Muchofthepoliticalactivityweseeontelevisionnewshasbeencraftedbypoliticians,theirspeechwriters,andtheirpublicrelationsadvisersfortelevisedconsumption.Soundbitesinnewsandanswerstoquestionsindebatesincreasinglysoundlikeadvertisements.
Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.
A.citizensintheUnitedStatesarenowmoreinformedaboutpoliticalissuesbecauseoftelevisioncoverage
B.citizensintheUnitedStatesprefertoseepoliticiansontelevisioninsteadofinperson
C.politicsintheUnitedStateshasbecomesubstantiallymorecontroversialsincetheintroductionoftelevision
D.politicsintheUnitedStateshasbeensignificantlychangedbytelevision
49.
WhowasSusanSliwak?
A.Amotherofthreeyear'soldchild.
B.AnIrvingBerlinlyric.
C.Spouseofavictimkilledatthetradecenter.
D.Anemotionalcontemporarypoet.
50.
Thelastsentenceofthepassagemeansthat______.
A.writtenonshortnotice,thereportcanhardlycoverthe
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