美聯(lián)英語：中西文化差異之中國文化地50個主題

美聯(lián)英語提供：美聯(lián)英語：中西文化差異之中國文化的50個主題小編給你一個美聯(lián)英語官方試聽課申請鏈接：/?tid=16-73374-01.TheMonkeyKingvs.HarryPotter孫悟空PK哈利·波特A：IreadinthepressthatsomepeoplearethinkingofmakingSunWuKong,theMonkeyKing,aninternationalstar,justlikeHarryPotter.TheirargumentisthattheMonkeyKingisalotmoretalentedandcapablethanHarryandcouldbeabighitforaudiencesoutsideChina.B：InChina,theMonkeyKingisahouseholdname.Everybodyknowsheusesamagicalgoldenstickasaweaponandcanbetransformedinto72alteregos.A：ButmanyyoungpeopleseemtolikeHarryPotterbetter.Harryisrealandsharesalotofthingsincommonwiththem.Forexample,hehasconflictswithhisteachersandclassmatesandhehashisownbestfriends.TheMonkeyKing,ontheotherhand,isbornoutofastone.Hedoesn’tfeelhappylikeanordinaryperson,norgetangrylikethem.Hedoesn’tinteractwithotherpeopleeither.HedoesnothavethefamiliaritywhichpeoplefindinHarry.B：That’saninterestingobservation.WesterncharacterslikeSuperman,SpidermanandBatman,allhavethequalitiesofanordinaryperson.EvenTarzanhasasweetheartandfriends.Thosecharactersareverybraveandalwaysreadytohelp.Incomparison,theMonkeyKingisaloneranger.Hisonlyjobistoprotecthismaster,asaint.Althoughherebelsagainsttheauthority,thecharacterlackstheworldlyconflictbetweengoodandevil.Asaresult,heseemslessapproachablethanHarry.A：ManystudentstoldmethattheylikeHarrybecausehehasagirlfriend.ThesameistrueofSupermanandSpiderman.Thegirlsarethesourceoftheircourage.TheMonkeyKingdoesn’thavelove.OfthefourcharactersinthenovelPilgrimagetotheWest,onlyZhuBaJiehassomeinterestinwomenbutasaconsequenceheisalwaysscoldedandscorned.Mostfemalecharactersinthisnovelareevilincarnations,beingportrayedastemptationsforthesaintandhisdisciples.IntraditionalChineseculturewomenusedtobeconsideredasourceofevil.B：Soitseemsthatanintimateunderstandingofaworldlylifeandtherighteousnessofthesuperheroarethedecidingfactorsinthepopularityofthesecharacters.A：Itcertainlymakesiteasierforpeopletoidentifythemselveswiththosesupercharacters.Amonkeybornoutofastonedoesn’tseemtoresonatewiththevibesofmodernsociety.A：我在報上看到，有人計劃把孫悟空打造成一個國際明星，因為孫悟空的本領(lǐng)比哈利?波特大得多，在世界范圍內(nèi)一定能更火。B：在中國，孫悟空是個家喻戶曉的名字。誰都知道他手中的金箍棒和七十二變本領(lǐng)。A：但是許多年輕人似乎更喜歡哈利?波特。哈利?波特是個活生生的人，他有一般孩子的特點。比如他也和老師、同學(xué)發(fā)生沖突，有自己最好的朋友。孫悟空則是從石頭中誕生的，缺乏常人的喜怒哀樂和人際交往。他沒有人們在哈利?波特身上發(fā)現(xiàn)的相似性。B：那倒是一個有趣的看法。西方的超人、蜘蛛俠、蝙蝠俠等形象都具有普通人的特征。既便是人猿泰山，也有他的戀人和朋友。他們非常勇敢，并且隨時準(zhǔn)備出手相助。相比較而言，孫悟空是一個孤膽英雄。他肩負(fù)著護(hù)衛(wèi)圣人取經(jīng)的職責(zé)，雖然他也反叛權(quán)威，但是缺少了俗世常有的善惡沖突。孫悟空的形象與哈利?波特比，少了親近感。A：許多學(xué)生告訴我，他們喜歡哈利?波特，因為他有女朋友。超人和蜘蛛俠的故事也如此。這些女性給予英雄們力量。但孫悟空沒有愛情?！段饔斡洝分械膸熗剿娜?，只有豬八戒對女人有興趣，卻總是被其他人嘲弄或斥責(zé)。這部小說中的女性多數(shù)是妖怪，是用來誘惑圣人和他的徒弟們的。她們是中國古人觀念中的禍水。B：看來，決定一個超級英雄能否被更廣泛接受的主要因素，是他們易于親近的特性和崇高的品行。A：超級英雄因為與人類的相似而易于被接受，石頭縫里生出來的猴子似乎很難與人產(chǎn)生共鳴。2.Yellow:China’sFavoriteColor黃，中國人崇尚的顏色A：Chinesepeopleseemtoliketheredandyellowcolorsalot.ThetwocolorsareusedfortheChinesenationalflag.Theyarealsothepredominantcolorsforthecoverdesignofsomeimportantbooks,aswellasinthedecorationsformajorevents,suchastheflowerdisplayinB：ThecolorpreferencesoftheChinesepeopleareinfluencedbythefiveelementsofmetal,wood,water,fireandearth,inadditiontogeographicallocationsandweather.Chinaisahugeandgeographicallydiversifiedcountry.Itiscoldinthenorthsopeopletherelikewarmcolors.Butitisjusttheoppositeinthesouth.Ofallthewarmcolors,theHanpeoplelikeyellowespecially.A：MaybebecausetheHansoriginatedintheYellowRiverPlateau,aregionwhereyellowwastheprevailingcolor.B：Youareprobablyright.Asfarasthefiveelementsareconcerned,thecorrespondingcolorsarewhite,green,black,red,andyellow.Yellowisthepredominantcolorandissituatedinthecenterofthediagram.YellowwasalsothecolorrepresentingtheimperialcourtintraditionalChina.ItwasestablishedastheauthoritativecolorrepresentingtheEmperorduringtheHanDynastymorethan2000yearsago.DuringtheSuiDynasty,yellowwasofficiallydesignatedastheexclusivecolorfortheimperialfamily.ItwasusedintheEmperor’sclothes,thepaperonwhichtheEmperorpublishedhisdecrees,andthecalendarthatwasprintedbytheA：Peoplehaveatraditionofmakinga“l(fā)ongevityoutfit”forthedeceased.Theinnersideoftheoutfitisalwaysyellow.Thebottomofthecoffinisalsolinedwithyellowsilk.B：Duringthe1980sand1990s,taxisinBeijingwereallpaintedyellow.Thosetaxiswereverypopularbecauseofspaceandlowfares.However,theywereconsideredinappropriateforBeijingandwerereplacedwithnewmodels.Thenewtaxisuseastandardcolorpatternwithyellowatthebottom,whichactsasareminderofBeijing’sImperialtradition.A：Nowadays,peoplealwaysrefertopornographyas“yellowliterature”andpornographicfilmsas“yellowmovies.”Thatreferencecanbetracedtoanewspaperfromthe19thcenturyUnitedStates,whichusedtoprintvulgarpaintingsinyellow.B：Theword“yellow”inthecampaignstatementof“Eradicatetheyellowandfightagainsttheillegal”referstopornography.IguessweallneedtobeverycarefulwiththeyellowcolorsinceitisusedtorepresentboththeA：中國人似乎很喜歡紅黃兩色，你看，中國國旗就是由這兩種顏色組成的。很多重大場合或重要書籍的裝幀總會用到這兩種顏色。國慶節(jié)天安門廣場擺放的花壇，也是以這兩種顏色作主調(diào)。B：中國人對色彩的好惡除了受地理、氣候的影響外，也受到傳統(tǒng)五行說的影響。從地理方面說，中國是個地域廣闊的國家，北方寒冷，人們喜歡暖色;南方炎熱，人們喜歡冷色。在暖色中，漢民族最崇尚黃色。A：這也許是因為漢民族的發(fā)源地是黃土高原，這個地域滿目黃土之色。B：可能是吧。從五行說來看，金、木、水、火、土所代表的五色分別是白、青、黑、赤、黃，其中黃為主色，位在中央。在中國古代社會，黃色是皇權(quán)的象征。在兩千多年前的漢代，朝廷就規(guī)定“衣尚黃”，確立了黃色的權(quán)威地位。從隋朝起，黃色成為皇家專用的顏色?；实鄣凝埮鄯Q作黃袍;皇帝的文告用黃紙寫成，稱黃榜;皇帝頒發(fā)的歷書用黃紙印刷，稱為黃歷。A：據(jù)我所知，按照傳統(tǒng)，死者去世后穿的衣服稱作“壽衣”，它講究雙層縫制，里面那一層一定要用黃色。棺材的底部也要鋪上黃綢布。B：上世紀(jì)八九十年代，北京街頭跑著的出租車就是黃色的面包車。它因為價廉且空間大而廣受歡迎。后來這種車型被認(rèn)為有礙京城市容而被新車型取代?，F(xiàn)在的出租車采用統(tǒng)一的顏色，下半部為土黃，以體現(xiàn)北京皇家名城的傳統(tǒng)。A：現(xiàn)在，人們稱色情文學(xué)為“黃色小說”，稱色情電影為“黃色電影”。這種說法來源于19世紀(jì)美國的一家報紙，該報社以黃色印刷趣味低下的漫畫。B：現(xiàn)在的詞匯“掃黃打非”中的“黃”就有色情的意思。這種有時貴為皇家專用，有時又表示低級趣味的顏色，用起來還真要小心。古時用錯了黃色會殺頭，今天錯用了黃色會闖禍。3.ChineseHospitality中國人的待客之道A：IwasinvitedtoatraditionalBeijinghouseholdfordinneronce.Itwasaneye-openingexperience.Thegirlwhoinvitedmewasmycolleague.Herfatherwasover60yearsold.Hedidn’teatmuchbutwasconstantlyproposingatoast.Hiswifewasbusycookinginthekitchenallthetime.Iaskedhertojoinusbutherhusbandsaid“No,shedoesn’t.”Afterdinner,Iaskedmycolleaguewhyherfatherdidn’teatmuchandwhyhermotherdidn’tjoinus.Shesaidthatwasanoldtradition.HerfatherwastheretokeepmecompanybecauseIwasaguestofhonorandusuallywomendidnoteatwiththeguests.B：Ihadasimilarexperiencetoo.IalwaysfeelspoiledtobeaguestinaChinesehousehold.Thehostusuallypreparesasumptuousmeal.Thekidsaresenttotheneighborssotheguestscanhaveapeacefulmeal.Usually,theywouldstartpreparingforourvisitdaysahead.Eventhoughtherewouldbealotoffoodonthetable,thehostwouldstillsay“Wedon’thavemuch,sopleasebearwithus.”TheykeepputtingfoodonmyplatedespitethefactImaynotlikecertainfood.Iusuallyfeelveryembarrassed.Somehostsevenforcetheirchildrentoperformasongorreciteapoemforme.A：ThatisChinesehospitality.Peoplewanttobringouttheirbestfoodtowelcometheguests.Westernersaredifferent.Theydon’tstayinthekitchenwhentheguestshavearrived.Theywanttosocializewiththeguestsratherthansimplyshowinghospitality.B：Chinesepeopleareveryfriendlyandalwaysreadytotreattheirguestswiththebestthingstheyhave.Butthishospitalitymaycauseinconveniencetoboththeguestsandthehoststhemselves.AnAmericansaidinabookover100yearsagothatChinesehospitalityismeanttoshowthepolitenessofthehostratherthankeepingtheguesthappy.Thehostmayinsistonstartingafiresohecanmaketeafortheguest,despitethefactthattheguestmaybeirritatedbythesmoke.Atleastthehostgivestheimpressionthatheisveryhospitable.A：Thatwasover100yearsago.Thingsaredifferentnow.Moreandmorepeoplepreferarelaxedatmosphereratherthanshowinghospitalityjustforthesakeofit.Butthereareexceptions.IwenttovisitafairlyaffluentvillageinsouthernChinalastyear.Thehostwasaskedtomakeaspecialteaforus.Shewasveryfriendly,butwhenshefinishedmakingtheteashechargedeachofus10yuanforthetreat.Asaresultoftheeconomicgrowthpeoplehavebecomemoneyconscious.Althoughyoumaynotfeelcomfortablewiththetraditionalhospitality,itcoulddisappearanytime.B：ShallIfeelluckyorsorrythen?A：我曾到一個老北京家里做客，可真是開了眼了。請客的是這家的女兒，她是我的同事。她的父親六十多歲，作為主人，他在飯桌上幾乎沒吃什么，只是隔一會兒就端起酒杯勸酒。他的太太一直在廚房里忙著。我們招呼她一起吃，同事的父親說“她不上桌”。告辭出來，我問同事為什么她父親幾乎不吃東西，而她母親一直不加入我們。她說這是老禮數(shù)。她父親把我們當(dāng)作貴客所以要陪酒，而女人一般是不和客人同桌的。B：我也有過同樣的經(jīng)歷。到中國人家里做客總感覺他們招待得很隆重：上一大桌菜，小孩子被趕到鄰居家，以便客人吃得盡興。請一次客得提前幾天做準(zhǔn)備。既便做了一大桌菜，他們還是說：“沒什么東西，湊合吃吧。”還不停地為你布菜，不管你是不是愛吃。這讓我覺得很尷尬。有些人家還逼著孩子給客人表演唱歌，或者背詩。A：這就是中國人的待客之道：把最好的東西拿出來招待客人。西方人并不如此。他們不會在客人到來后還在廚房中忙碌，他們的目的是交流而不是表現(xiàn)待客的熱情。B：中國人非常友好，所以才會用最好的東西招待客人。但這樣一來，家人跟著受累，客人也不自在。一百多年前，一位美國人在他的書中寫道：中國人待人熱情的目的通常是為了表現(xiàn)自己懂禮節(jié)，而并非想使客人滿意。主人執(zhí)意生火為客人沏茶，而不在乎客人是否被煙嗆著，因為他至少樹立了待客有禮的形象。A：這是一百年前的情形，現(xiàn)在有所不同。更多的人已經(jīng)懂得，自在隨意比過分禮貌要好得多。也有例外：去年，我到一個富裕的南方村莊去采訪，請主人給我們一杯當(dāng)?shù)靥赜械牟?。她熱情地為我們上了茶，然后向我們每位收?0元錢作為服務(wù)的報償。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展了，中國人也有了金錢意識。你不適應(yīng)傳統(tǒng)的待客之道，它也許很快就不復(fù)存在了。B：我該為此慶幸還是遺憾呢?4.BloggingFever博客熱A：HaveyoueverheardofXuJinglei?Sheisamoviestarandherblogsareverypopular.B：Yes.Herblogsreceived10millionhitsinlessthanfourmonths.A：Actually,herblogsareboring.Peoplelikeherbecausesheiscandidanddoesn’thavethepretentiousnessthatistypicalofmanyotheractresses.Peoplearetiredoftheentertainerswhorelyonseductiveandabsurdcontenttoattracteyeballs.Imuchpreferanotherblogger.HernameisHongHuang,awomaninher40’s.Shedoesnothavetheprettylooksofamoviestarbutsheisextremelyintelligent.ShestudiedintheUSwhenshewasonly12,sothereisastrongWesterninfluenceinherarticles.Althoughshetalksalotaboutherself,sheisabletoreflectonsomeofthesocialissues,whichgiveherblogsabroaderview.Sheisknowledgeable,unpretentiousandhasasenseofhumorandherarticlesarealwaysshortandto-the-point,whichmakesthemveryeasytoreadonthecomputerscreen.B：But,shedoesn’treceiveasmanyhitsasXuJinglei.Isitbecauseshe’snotaspretty?A：Thatdefinitelyisareason.Anotherreasonisthatsheisnotamoviestar.PeoplewhoreadHongHuangtendtobemorereasonable,thoughtfulandmature.B：AremoreandmoremoviestarsrunningtheirownblogsasaresultofXu’ssuccess?A：Yes.Manyofthemhavelaunchedtheirownblogs.Theyareeagertotellpeopletheycandomorethingsthanjustbeingamoviestar.Infact,manyordinarypeoplearepublishingblogstoo.Maybe,thisisbecausetherearen’tmanyotherchannelsforpeopletoexpressthemselves.Originally,blogswerejustanadditionalsourceofinformationbesidethemainstreammedia.Nowithasbecomeaplatformforpeopletoshowtheirpersonalities.B：SomeShanghaipeoplearewritingblogsinEnglish.A：Yes.TheShanghaiBloggerisprobablythemostpopular.Itattractsoveramillionhitsamonth.Ithasverythoroughinformationaboutthescenicspots,localcustom,dining,wining,andtransportationinShanghai.Accordingtothebloggers,writinginEnglishhasallowedthemtothinkindifferentdimensions.B：TheShanghaiBloggersoundslikeaninterestingplace.I’llcheckitout.Itcouldbeanadditionalsourceofincome.A：你聽說過徐靜蕾嗎?她是個女演員，她的博客被大家追捧。B：聽說了。據(jù)說她的博客在不到4個月內(nèi)點擊率達(dá)到了1000萬次。A：其實，她的博客沒有太大意思，我猜人們喜歡她是因為她率真，沒有女演員的矯情。在她之前一些女性用情色、荒謬的博客吸引眼球，現(xiàn)在大家對這種不健康的表達(dá)厭煩了。我更喜歡另一個叫洪晃的人寫的博客。她差不多40歲，長相平平，但智慧似乎高于一般人。她在12歲的時候到美國學(xué)習(xí)，所以她的博客有很強的西方文化的痕跡。她的博客也是講述自己的一些經(jīng)歷，她能夠反思社會上的一些問題，因此具有更寬的視角。她有學(xué)識、不矯情，而且有幽默感。她寫的文章短小，不兜圈子，這樣在電腦屏幕上讀起來很容易。B：但是，為什么她沒有徐靜蕾那樣高的點擊率?難道因為她長相平平嗎?A：這肯定是原因之一。另外也因為她不是電影明星。所以看洪晃博客的人應(yīng)該是一些更理性、更智慧、更成熟的人。B：是不是有更多的演員開自己的博客，因為徐給了她們一個在網(wǎng)上成功的榜樣?A：你說對了。不少演員開了博客，她們想表明他們除了作演員還能做其他更多的事情。事實上，不少普通人也開博客。這也許是因為人們沒有太多表達(dá)自己的渠道。起初，博客只是除了主流媒體之外的另一個信息來源。現(xiàn)在它成為展示個性的平臺。B：上海的一些人用英文寫博客。A：對?！吧虾２┛汀弊钣忻?，每個月有超過百萬的點擊量。那里有一些關(guān)于上海的景點、風(fēng)俗、餐飲、交通等非常詳細(xì)的信息。據(jù)那些寫英文博客的人說，用英文寫作使他們可以從另一個角度思考。B：看來這是一個對我有用的平臺，聽上去是個有趣的地方。我要去試一試。這可能成為另一個收入來源。5.TheIdealMan理想男人A：AChinesegirlfallsinlovewithaFrenchmanwhoalwaysbuyshergifts.Thegirlfeelsoverwhelmedwithlove.“AChinesemanwouldneverbuymesomanygifts,”shesaid.B：I’vealsoheardthatmanyChinesegirlsliketohaveWesternboyfriends.Menaregoodatmakingtheirgirlfriendshappythroughbuyingthemgifts.Butyouknowwhat,whenthosegirlsreallyneedhelp,Westernmenwouldusuallytellthemto“handleitthemselves.”ChinesegirlsaredisappointedwhentheirWesternboyfriendsareunwillingtospendalotofmoneyonthem.A：AccordingtoChinesetradition,awomanmarriesforfoodandshelter.AlthoughaChinesemanisnotgoodatbuyinggiftsforhiswife,hefeelsobligedtosupportherfortherestofherlife.Lovebecomessecondary.AWesternmanmaybegoodatshoweringhisgirlfriendwithgiftsbutheusuallyhassecondthoughtswhenitcomestoameaningfulrelationship.That’swhymanyChinesegirlsfeelitlessadvantageoustomarryWesternmen.Westernmen,ontheotherhand,findChinesegirlstoopragmaticandlessindependent.B：IrememberreadinganarticleaboutaChinesegirlwhomarriedanAmerican.ThegirlcameallthewaytoBeijingtolivewiththeman.Sheneveraskedhimformoneyandneitherdidsherelyonhisconnections.InsteadshesupportedherselfthroughanEnglishtrainingclassandeventuallyfoundanicejob.Whenthemanaskedhertomarryhim,hetoldher“YouaredifferentfrommanyChinesegirls.Theyaretoodependentonmen.”A：Chinesepeoplebelievethatiftwopeoplefallinlove,theyshouldsharehappinessandhardship.ManyChinesewomenfinditunbelievablethatWesternmenwouldallowtheirgirlfriendstoroughito