考研真題：廣東暨南大學(xué)2021年英語水平考試真題

考研真題：暨南大學(xué)2021年[英語水平]考試真題PartI.VocabularyandStructure(30points)Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthissection.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandwriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.1.“Theshowmustgoon”istheoldest_________ofshowbusiness;everytrueperformerlivesbythatcreed.A.euphemismB.allegoryC.precursorD.tenet 2.AnearlyAmericanfilmstar,PearlWhitestarredinseveral

serials_______________

thatenticedaudiencestoreturnforthenextinstallment.A.

whoseepisodeshadsuspensefulendingsB.

theirepisodeshadsuspensefulendingsC.

whichhadepisodesendingsuspensefulD.ofwhoseepisodesthesuspensefulendings3.ThearticlepraisedIsakDinesennotsomuchforhergeniusasastoryteller

__________ofsociety’sexpectationsofwomenduringtheearlytwentiethcentury.A.

butbecauseshewasremarkablydefiantB.butbecauseofherremarkabledefianceC.butforbeingremarkablydefiantD.asforherremarkabledefiance4.Fromthisunitycreatedbythe__________ofartistsfromvarioussocialandgeographicalbackgroundscameanewspirit,which,particularlyindenselypopulatedHarlem,wastoresultingreatergroupawarenessandself-determination.A.conclusionB.conspiracyC.convergenceD.consumption

5.He___________togotoBeijingtoday,buthepostponedthetripwhenheheardthattherewouldbeadownpouratnoon.A.wasintendingB.wouldintendC.wasintendedD.hadintended6.Becauseofitsinclinationto__________,mostIndianartis__________Japaneseart,wheresymbolshavebeenminimizedandmeaninghasbeenconveyedbythemerestsuggestion.A.exaggerate…relatedtoB.imitate...superiortoC.understate…reminiscentofD.overdraw...similarto7.Ahibernatinganimalneedshardlyanyfoodallthroughthewinter,_____?A.needit B.needn’tit C.doesit D.doesn’tit8.Assurprisingasthenewfindingsare,Dr.Wilsonsaidhewouldnotcharacterizethemas______.A.soundB.revolutionaryC.equitableD.evident9.Forsometimenow,worldleaders___________outthenecessityforagreementonarmsreduction.A.hadbeenpointing B.havebeenpointing C.werepointing D.pointed10.Theypromisedtogiveuswhateversupportweneeded,butnothingever__________it.A.cametoB.cameintoC.cameofD.camewith11.Ajournalistratherthanascholar,Mr.Coseseemsneverthelesstobe______mostoftheseriousstudiesrelevanttohistopic.A.ignorantofB.associatedwithC.weariedbyD.familiarwith12.In1997,theThrustSSC,aBritish-madecarpoweredbytwojetengines,

__________

thefirstland-travelingvehicletobreakthesoundbarrier.A.havebecomeB.weretobecomeC.becomingD.became13.Intheirowneyes,itisrather_____thatthemedicalcommunityasawholestillhasthelimitedknowledgeaboutthecauseofthepandemic.A.rewarding B.commandingC.embarrassing D.requiring14.Becauseoursupplyoffossilfuelhasbeensadly________,wemustfind________sourcesofenergy.A.compensated...significantB.exhausted...inefficientC.increased...availableD.depleted...alternate15.Sherememberedseveraloccasionsinthepast___shehadexperiencedasimilarfeeling.A.which B.before C.that D.whenBecauseitwasalreadyknownthatretrovirusescouldcausecancerinanimals,itseemedonly_____tosearchforsimilarcancer-causingvirusesinhumanbeings.A.culpableB.charitableC.hypotheticalD.logical17.Mynephew___________chickenpoxthisweekend.A.camedownwithB.comeupwithC.broughtupwithD.brokedownwith18.Heresented_____towait.Heexpectedtheminister_____himatonce. A.tobeasked,toseeB.beingasked,toseeC.tobeasked,seeingD.beingasked,seeing19._________

theleastexpensiverate，thepackagewassoheavythatitcostJosenearlyahundreddollarstomailittohiscousininMadrid.A.EvenchosenB.

AlthoughchoosingC.EventhoughhechoseD.

Havingchosen20._______hisbrokerhadtoldhimatthestockwasa__________investment,heinsistedonbuying100shares.A.Because...speculativeB.Although...precariousC.Since...negligibleD.Although...formidable21.Let’s___________theselinesonemoretimebeforetheshow.A.runintoB.workoutC.runthroughD.workby22.Giventhatgoatsandsheepweredomesticatedearlierthancattle,itisthoughtthattheproductionofcheesesmadefromgoat’sandsheep’smilk

___________cheesemadefromcow’smilk.A.

predatethatofB.predatedthatofC.predatedthoseofD.havepredated23.Itiswellknownthatthe_____oftheseasonshaslongbeenobservedbypeopleinallpartsoftheworld.A.rhythm B.regulation C.click D.identity24.The

scents

of

the

flowers

was______

to

us

by

the

breeze.

A.

intercepted

B.detested

C.saturated

D.wafted

25.When

you

are

suffering

from______,

you

have

red

spots

on

your

skin

and

you

feel

as

if

you

haveacold.A.

apathy

B.

measles

C.

impotence

D.

schizophrenia

26.Dr.Jonesordered__________forthelaboratory.A.twoequipmentsB.twopiecesofequipmentsC.twopiecesofequipmentD.twoequipmentpieces.27.Ifeveryone_______,wecangetthekitchenpaintedbynoon.A.movesinB.givesinC.cutsinD.chipsin28.Becauseheisso_______,wecanneverpredictwhatcoursehewilltakeatanymoment.A.incoherentB.superficialC.capriciousD.deleterious29.Mydoctorwantsmeto_________sweetsandfattyfoods.A.cutintoB.cutdownonC.cutatD.cutacross30.Adiligentscholar,shedevotedherself_____tothecompletionofthebook.A.assiduouslyB.ingenuouslyC.theoreticallyD.sporadicallyPartII.Cloze(20points)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.Afewdecadesago,computerswereconsideredassophisticatedtoolsusedbyscientiststoworkoutcomplexmathematicalcalculations,orbybigcompaniesandorganizationsto

1)________

theirdata.Today,computershavebecomeso

2)________

thattheysometimesdon’tevencomewithaninstruction

3)________

anymore.Thoughbecomingwidelypopular,computertechnologystillcontinuesto

4)________

manypeople.Researcherswhohavebeenusingcomputers

5)________

adailybasisformanyyearsarestill

6)________

hiddenwondersandsurprisesaboutthistechnology.A

7)________

numberofgrandparentsaremakinganeffortto

8)________

themselveswithsmartphoneswithdesignsthatappearso

9)________

tothem.Inaddition,thepurchaseoflaptopsinmanythirdworldanddevelopingnationsiseverincreasing.Allthis

10)________

agoodthingbecausetheyresultinless

11)________

betweenpeopleofdifferentagesandcountriesintheirabilitytousetechnology.Ifpeopleofoldages

12)________

peopleinthethirdworldcountriesareafraidoftechnologythatisso

13)________today,andthuschooseto

14)________

it,thepurposesandadvantagesthattechnologyhastoofferwouldbeultimately

15)________

.Astherearetwosidestoeverystory,complextechnologycanbeeithergoodorbad,

16)________

yourknowledgeorexperience.Thepointbeingdrivenhereisthatifatechnological

17)________

istoocomplexfortheaverageconsumer,theywillfinallynot

18)________it.Thiswilldirectlyaffectthesalesofthe

19)________

product.Anyproducerknowsthatthiswillmeanproduct

20)________atacatastrophiclevel.1) A.release B.retrieve C.proceed D.process2) A.common B.ordinary C.portable D.specialized3) A.handout B.pamphlet C.bulletin D.profile4) A.intrigue B.inflict C.infringe D.intervene5) A.at B.in C.on D.by6) A.discerning B.disclosing C.displacing D.distorting7) A.reasonable B.maximum C.significant D.consistent8) A.identify B.associate C.represent D.familiarize9) A.authentic B.promising C.dominant D.intricate10) A.creates B.commits C.deduces D.pledges11) A.discontent B.discrepancy C.dismay D.disregard12) A.asfaras B.aslongas C.aswellas D.asgoodas13) A.scarce B.crucial C.delicate D.handy14) A.conceal B.divert C.dodge D.rupture15) A.caught B.lost C.doomed D.denied16) A.basedon B.builton C.hingedon D.focusedon17) A.accessory B.axis C.gadget D.turbine18) A.absorb B.obsess C.indulge D.purchase19) A.spoken B.said C.told D.uttered20) A.failure B.fault C.defect D.defeatPartIII.ReadingComprehension(30points)Directions:Inthissection,therearethreepassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosethebestanswerandwritetheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.PassageOneTheworld’sgreateststructuresbuiltbyinsectsoranimalsotherthanhumansare,surprisingly,constructedbytermites.Termites,sometimesknownaswhiteants,arelittleinsectsthatresembleantsinappearance,buttheytendtobesmaller,fatter,slowermoving.Thereareabouttwelvetofifteenhundredspeciesoftermites.However,notasingleoneofthembelongtothesameclassofinsectsasants.Termitesareactuallymorecloselyrelatedtocockroachesandmantids.Theyareknowntobesocialinsectsthathaveaninstincttouseasystemofcooperationandspecializationastheirmainmethodofsurvival.Termitesaremostknowntopeopleandscientistsfortheirpeculiarandmarvelousworksofarchitecture.AustralianandAfricantermites,especially,buildhousingstructuresreachingalmosttenmetersinheight.Consideringtheirrelativesize,suchabuildingwouldbetheequivalentofa200-storyedificeforhumans.Theirknowledgetoconstructsuchastonishingstructuresisknowntobeinbornintheirnature.Thetermitenest,ortermitary,usuallytakestheshapeofagiganticmound,orsometimesamulti-fingeredhand,risingupfromthesurface.Tobuildthishousingforthecolony,termitesspendaconsiderableamountoftime.Itmaytakemonths,orsometimesevenayear.Themostcommonmaterialcomposingatermitaryisdirt.Termitescarrythelocalsoilandcombineitwiththeirsalivatosolidifyit.Becauseitisveryfirmandalsoimpermeable,itisfrequentlyusedbypeopleinAfricaasamaterialforbuildingtheirshelters.Thetermitaryconsistsofthousandsofchambers,eachforadifferentpurpose.Thebottomlayerofthemoundgenerallyservesasthelivingandworkingquarterforworkersthatassumethelaborsofforaging,foodstorage,andnestmaintenance.Theirchambersarelocatedinthelowercoresothattheycaneasilygoinandoutofthetermitaryinsearchforfood.Somespecieshavegardensofvariousfungiinthislowerpartofthenest.Theworkersareinchargeofcultivatingandharvestingthemasastablesource offoodfortheyoung.Abovetheworkerchamberdwelltermitesoldiersdevotedlyprotecttheirkind.Soldiers,asamechanismforfighting,havedevelopedbig,strongjawsproportionallytoobigfortheirbodysize.Therefore,theycannotfeedthemselveswithoutthehelpofworkers.Abovethesetwolayersliechamberscallednymphs.Theeggsandyoungtermitesstayhereuntiltheyhatchandarefullygrown.Thereisalsoaroomforfoodstorageinthispartofthenest.Atthetopofthemoundaretheroyalchambersforthekingsandqueens.Anymalesandfemalesthatmatewiththeoppositesexaretermedaskingsandqueens.Eachcoupleisindifferentchamberssustainingcloseproximityallthetime.Onceatermitehasbeenchosenasakingorqueen,suchtitleandresponsibilityremainsfortherestofitslife.Unlikemaleantswhichdieimmediatelyaftermating,termitekingsenjoypeacefullivesandareconsideredjustasimportantasthequeen.Queens,atmaturity,canlayoverathousandeggsperday.Oneoftheamazingfactsaboutatermitaryisthatitcomeswiththemostefficientsystemsofcoolingandventilation.Wallsofthemixtureofsoilandsalivahelpkeepthenestmoist,andthus,cool.Eachlayerofthemoundwhereadifferentclassoftermitesresidesisventedbyasystemofpassagesandducts,whichcirculateairthroughoutbecausetheyareconnectedwithpartsofthenestinbetweenthelayersthathaveventilationholes.Thus,thetermitaryisalwaysmaintainedcoolbyhavingaccesstoasupplyoffreshairorlightbreezeandbyallowingstaleairtoleave.Thisisverygoodnewsfortermites,fortheywillnotlastevenforafewminutesinswelteringconditions.Moreover,termiteslivinginthemostaridregionsalsomanagetokeepthemselvescoolbydiggingintotheearthasdeepasitisnecessary,sometimesresultingindepthsover100feet.Theirtaskiscompletedwhentheyreachundergroundwater.Thiswaterwaybringsasupplyofcoolandfreshairthatrisestothenestandcirculatesthroughout.Thegardenstendedbyworkersarealsoknowntoaidthecoolingprocess.1.Accordingtoparagraph1,termitesachievefascinatingworksofarchitecturewithA.abouttwelvetofifteenhundredspecies.B.cooperativehelpfromants.C.theirintrinsicknowledge.D.numeroustrialsanderrors.2.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph3thattermitesoldiersA.cannotfly.B.fightwiththeirjaws.C.sometimessearchforfood.D.eattermiteworkers.3.Accordingtoparagraph3,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenroyaltiesofantsandtermites?A.Thereisonlyonequeeninanantcolonywhereastherearemanyinatermitecolony.B.Maletermitesthatbecomekingliveonevenafterthematingprocessisover.C.Queentermitescanlaymoreeggscomparedtoqueenants.D.Kingsandqueensofatermitecolonymustmatetheirwholelives.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthecoolingandventilationsystemsinatermitary?A.Theyareabsolutelynecessaryforthesurvivaloftermites.B.Supplyofairinhotandaridregionswillonlymakethetermitaryhotter.C.Waterfromundergroundisanessentialcomponentofthesystems.D.Itcannotworkproperlywithoutthefungigardens.5.Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationintheitalicizedsentenceinthepassage?A.Allpassagesandductsinatermitarycanbesuppliedwithfreshairbecausetheyarehookeduptogether.B.Termitespunchoutventilationholesineverychambertoobtaindirectsupplyofairinallpassagesandducts.C.Freshairrisingfromtheundergroundpassagesandductsflowsallthewaythroughandcoolsthetermitary.D.Everylayerhasventilationholesthatareattachedtopassagesandductslocatedoutsidethetermitarywherefreshaircomesfrom.PassageTwoWhenIacceptedavolunteerpositionasasocialworkeratadomesticviolenceshelterinadevelopingnation,Iimaginedthepositionforwhichmyuniversityexperiencehadpreparedme.Ienvisionedconductingintakeinterviewsandtraipsingaroundfromorganizationtoorganizationseekingthelegal,psychologicalandfinancialsupportthatthewomenwouldneedtorebuildtheirlives.WhenIarrived,IfeltasifIalreadyhadmonthsofexperience,experiencegarneredinthehypotheticalsituationsIhadinventedandsubsequentlyresolvedsingle-handedlyandseamlessly.Ifeltthoroughlypreparedtotacklehead-onthesituationIassumedwaswaitingforme.Iarrivedfullofzeal,knockingattheshelter’sdoor.Withinmoments,myrealitymadeasharpbreakfromthatwhichIhadanticipated.Thecoordinatorexplainedthattheshelter’sneedforfinancialself-sufficiencyhadbecomeobviousandacute.Toaddressthis,thecenterwasplanningtoopenabakery.Iimmediatelyenthusedabouttheproject,makingmanyreferencestothesmallenterprisecasestudiesIhadresearchedattheuniversity.Inresponsetomyimpassionedreply,thecoordinatordeclaredmeinchargeofthebakeryandleftinorderto“getoutofmyway.”Atthatmoment,IwasaspreparedtobakebreadasIwastorunforpoliticaloffice.Thebiggerproblem,however,wasthatIwascompletelyunfamiliarwiththefor-profitbusinessmodelsnecessarytorunthebakery.Iwasoutofmydepthinaforeignriverwithonlymycoordinator’sconfidencetokeepmeafloat.Theysaythatnecessityisthemotherofinvention.Isoonfoundthatitisalsothemotherofinitiative.Ibeganfindingrecipesandappropriatingtheexpertiseoffriends.Withtheirhelpmakingbread,balancingbooks,printingpamphletsandmakingcontacts,thebakerywassoonrunningsmoothlyandsuccessfully.Afterashorttimeitbecameasignificantsourceofincomeforthehouse.Inadditiontofunds,bakingbreadprovidedanaturalenvironmentinwhichtoworkwithandgettoknowthewomenoftheshelter.Kneadingdoughsidebyside,Isharedinthecamaraderieofthekitchen,treatedtostoriesabouttheirchildrenandthetownsandjobstheyhadhadtoleavebehindtoensuretheirsafety.Bakinghelpedmedevelopstrongrelationshipswiththewomenandadvancedmyunderstandingoftheirsituations.Italsoimprovedthewomen’sself-esteem.Theirabilitytomasteranewskillgavethemconfidenceinthemselves,andthefactthatthebakerycontributedtotheupkeepofthehousegavethewomen,manyofthemnewlysingle,asenseofprideandtheconvictionthattheyhadthecapabilitytosupportthemselves.BakinggavemetheopportunitytoworkinacapacityIhadnotatallanticipated,butonethatprovedverysuccessful.Ibecameamoresensitiveandskillfulsocialworker,capableofmakingameanseven-grainloaf.Learningtobakegavemeasmuchnewfoundself-confidenceasitgavethewomen,andIfoundthatsometimesqualitysocialworkcanbeassimpleaskneadingdough.6.TheprimarypurposeofthepassageistoshowhowtheauthorA.wasshockedbythediscrepancybetweenherearlierideasaboutherworkandtherealityshefacedB.discoveredatalentheroverlyfocusedmindhadneverallowedhertoexploreC.broadenedhowshedefinedthescopeofherworkD.developedherabilitiestoorchestrateafor-profitbusinessenterprise7.TheauthorwasinitiallyenthusiasticabouttheideaofthebakerybecausesheA.considereditfromatheoreticalpointofviewB.hopedtoobtainaleadershippositioninthebakeryC.wantedtodemonstrateherbakingknowledgetohernewcoordinatorD.believeditwouldbeagoodwaytobuildthewomen’sself-esteemThecomparisonbetweenbakingbreadandrunningpoliticalofficedemonstratestheauthor’sbeliefthatA.thebakerywouldneverbeasuccessB.socialworkersshouldnotbeinvolvedineitherbakingorpoliticsC.similarskillswereinvolvedinbothbakingandpoliticsD.shewasunqualifiedforajobbakingbread9.ThepenultimatesentenceinthesecondparagraphsuggeststhattheauthorbelievedthatA.learningthenecessarybusinesspracticeswouldbeamoredauntingchallengethanlearningtobakebreadB.goodbusinesspracticesaremoreimportanttorunningasuccessfulbakerythanisthequalityofthebreadC.hercoordinator’sconfidenceinfor-profitbusinessmodelswasmisplacedD.for-profitbusinessmodelsaresignificantlymorecomplexthanthenonprofitmodelswithwhichshewasfamiliar10.Thelastsentence(“Learning...dough”)indicatesthattheauthorA.foundthatperformingsocialworkissurprisinglyeasywithnoeducationB.underestimatedherownabilitytolearnnewskillsC.discoveredthatsocialworkismoreeffectivewhenitincludestactileactivitiesD.derivedabenefitfromherworkwhilehelpingothersPassageThreeForpeopleinSoutheastAsianrefugeefamilies,theexperienceofaginginAmericaisverydifferentfromwhattheyhadexpectedfortheirsecondhalfoflife.OlderSoutheastAsianrefugeesmustcopewiththeirrapidlyacculturatingyoungerfamilymembers,whiletakingonnewrolesandexpectationsinaforeignculture.ManySoutheastAsianimmigrantsaresurprisedtofindthatbyAmericanstandards,theyarenotevenconsideredelderly.Migrationtoanewcultureoftenchangesthedefinitionoflifestages.InthetraditionalHmongcultureofVietnam,onecanbecomeanelderat35yearsofagewhenonebecomesagrandparent.Withgrandparentstatus,elderHmongcanretireandexpecttheirchildrentotakefinancialresponsibilityforthefamily.Retiringat35,ofcourse,isnotcommonintheUnitedStates.ThereisastronginfluenceofConfucianismintraditionalVietnamesesociety.Confucianism,anancientsystemofmoralandreligiousthought,fostersstrongfilialpietyandrespectforfamilyelders.InmanySoutheastAsiansocieties,agerolesarehierarchical,withstrictrulesforsocialinteraction.InAmerica,however,becauseolderrefugeeslackfacilitywiththeEnglishlanguageandknowledgeofAmericanculture,theircredibilitydecreaseswhenadvisingyoungerfamilymembersaboutimportantdecisions.AsyoungerfamilymemberstakeonprimaryrolesasfamilymediatorswithAmericaninstitutions—schools,legalsystems,andsocialserviceagencies,forexample—theleadershippositionofelderswithinthefamilyisgraduallyeroded.RefugeeeldersmustalsocopewithdifferencesingenderrolesintheUnitedStates.Evenbeforemigration,traditionalgenderroleswerechanginginSoutheastAsia.DuringtheVietnamWar,whenmenofmilitaryagewereaway,womentookresponsibilityfortasksnormallydividedalonggenderlines.WhenVietnamesefamiliescametothiscountry,thesechangesbecamemorepronounced.Thereweremoreemploymentopportunitiesforyoungerrefugeesandmiddle-agedrefugeewomenbecausetheirexpectationsoftenfitwiththelowerstatusjobsthatwereamongthefewopportunitiesopentorefugees.Manymiddle-agedwomenandyoungerrefugeesofbothsexesbecamefamilybreadwinners.Thiswasaradicalchangeformiddle-agedmen,whohadbeenthemajorbreadwinnersofthefamily.Althoughthepatternforlong-termadaptationofmiddle-agedandolderSoutheastAsianrefugeesisstillunknown,thereareindicationsthattheoutlookforwomenisproblematic.Manyolderwomenprovidehouseholdandchildcareservicesinordertoallowyoungerfamilymemberstoholdjobsorgotoschool.WhilethesewomenarehelpingyoungerfamilymemberstosucceedinAmerica,theythemselvesareoftenisolatedathomeandcutofffromlearningEnglishorothernewskills,orbecomingmorefamiliarwithAmericansociety.Thus,aftertheimmigrantfamilypassesthroughtheearlystagesofmeetingbasicsurvivalneeds,olderwomenmayfindthattheyarestrangersintheirownfamiliesaswellasintheirnewcountry.11.ThemajorpurposeofthepassageistodiscussA.thereasonswhySoutheastAsianpeoplemovetotheUnitedStatesB.educationalchallengesfacingyoungrefugeesinAmericatodayC.problemsthatelderlySoutheastAsianpeopleencounterinAmericaD.changinggenderrelationshipsinSoutheastAsianrefugeefamilies 12.Inparagraph1,“olderSoutheastAsianrefugeesmustcopewiththeirrapidlyacculturatingyoungerfamilymembers”referstoA.middle-agedmen’sembarrassmentatnotbeingtheprincipalbreadwinnerB.middle-agedwomen’sisolationinthehomeC.youngerrefugees’bettereducationalandsocialopportunitiesinAmericaD.thetendencyofyoungerrefugeestojoinnon-Asiangangs13.Theauthorusestheterm“familymediators”tomeantheA.traditionalroleofeldersinVietnamesefamiliesB.responsibilitieswhichyoungrefugeesassumeinanewcountryC.helpthatnewlyarrivedrefugeesgetfromfriendswhomigratedearlierD.professionalhelpavailabletorefugeefamiliesinU.S.communities14.Thephrase“radicalchange”inthelastbutoneparagraphreferstothefactthatA.olderrefugeesfindthat