河南省安陽(yáng)市2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)2022—2023學(xué)年(上)高二年級(jí)期中考試英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Drivehimtoaparty.B.Returnabook.C.Lendhimhercar.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthewoman'shouse.B.Intheman’soffice.C.Inaclothesshop.3.Whatwillthespeakerstaketotheparty?A.Icecream.B.Acake.C.Orangejuice.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Theticketistooexpensive.B.Thegameisn’tworthseeing.C.Theyhavelostallthemoney.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutprobably?A.Abuilding.B.Amovie.C.Astreet.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6.Whydidthemanspeakermissthemeetingthismorning?A.Hewenttoseeadoctor.B.HehadtopickupMs.Tan.C.HehadanappointmentwithJoan.7.Whowillpreparethereportforthemanspeaker?A.Mr.Lee.B.Lisa.C.Joan.8.WherecouldMr.Leebenow?A.Inhisoffice.B.Attheairport.C.Inthemeetingroom.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9.Whydoesthemangiveuptheticketsinthelowerpart?A.Theticketshavebeensoldout.B.Hepreferstheseatsinthecenter.C.Therearenofourseatstogether.10.Howwillthemangetthetickets?A.Hewillcollectthemhimself.B.Thewomanwillmailthemtohim.C.Hewillaskhisfriendstopickthemup.11.WhenwillthemangettothetheateronThursdaynight?A.By6:00.B.By7:00.C.By8:00.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第12至14題。12.WhatisMichael’sproblem?A.He'snotsureabouthisfuture.B.Hehasnointerestinstudying.C.Heisn'tallowedtoattendafilmschool.13.WhatdoesMichaeloftendoafterschool?A.Heplaysfootball.B.Hegoestoactingclasses.C.HewatchesEnglishplays.14.WhatadvicedoesthewomangiveMichael?A.Talkingwithhisfriends.B.Performingintheschoolplay.C.Stayingatschooluntilhe’seighteen.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15.Howlongwillthecyclingholidaylast?A.Fourteendays.B.Tendays.C.Eightdays.16.Whichmealdoesthewomanneedtopayforduringthetrip?A.Breakfast.B.Lunch.C.Supper.17.Whatwillthewomandoduringthecyclingholiday?A.Takeherownbike.B.Cycleinthedark.C.Visitatheater.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhatdoweknowaboutRadioCaroline?A.Itcloseddownin1964.B.Itwaspopularwiththeyoung.C.Itwasstartedbyashipowner.19.Whatcanvisitorsseeattheexhibition?A.SeveralDJsofRadioCaroline.B.BookssignedbyTheBeatles.C.Lettersfrommusicfans.20.Whenwilltheexhibitionbegin?AInApril.B.InMay.C.InJune.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AOnlineChessClassesBayAreaChessOnlineCoursescontain60-minuteclasses,oneclassperweekatanappointedtime/day/level(1—4).Ifyouwouldliketohavechessclassesmorethanonceaweek,youmaytakemorethanonecoursetosatisfyyourneeds.Buyingmorethanonecourseatthesametimewillmakeyoutake10%offtheprice.Therearetwocoursesrunning:CourseAandB.Theonlydifferencebetweenthecoursesistherangesofdates,sothatwemayhostoptionsinconvenientintervals(間隔)fornewandreturningfamilies.OnlineCourseA($70):A1:10thJanuary—25thFebruary,5PM,Monday,7weeksA2:28thFebruary—15thApril,5PM,Tuesday,7weeksA3:18thApril—3rdJune,5PM,Wednesday,7weeksOnlineCourseB($90):B1:24thJanuary—25thMarch,5PM,Thursday,9weeksB2:1stApril—27thMay,5PM,Friday,9weeksEveryonlinecoursecomeswithagoldmembership.StudentsthatalreadyhaveanaccountwithBayAreaChesswillusetheirmembershipforallonlinecoursesgoingforward.Newplayersorabsolutebeginnersareencouragedtojoinanentrylevelcoursewherewewillbeseparatingstudentswhodoalreadyknowhowtoplayfromthosewhodonotthroughagame.Youmaystillsignyournameforacourseevenaftermissingthefirstclass!Wecanprovideaone-hourmake-upclasssothatyoureceivethefullvalueoftheterm.BayAreaChessistheNo.1branchoftheUSChessFederationinthewestofTexasfor10+yearsrunning(2008—2021).2018ChessCluboftheYearbyUSChessFederation.1.HowmuchdoesitcosttobuytwocoursesA1+B2atthesametime?A.$70. B.$90. C.$144. D.$160.2.Whatisthepurposeoftheentrylevelcourse?A.Toofferoldplayersanewandhopefulstart.B.Toseparatestudentsaccordingtotheirchessskills.C.Toencourageallstudentstoearnagoldmembership.D.TogiveeverystudentanaccountwithBayAreaChess.3.WhatdoesBayAreaChessdowithstudentsfailingtoattendthefirstclass?A.Helpthemtocatchup. B.Returnsomemoneytothem.C.Refusethemtotakethecourse. D.Adviseattendingthenextcourse.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了灣區(qū)在線象棋課程的課程信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Buyingmorethanonecourseatthesametimewillmakeyoutake10%offtheprice.(同時(shí)購(gòu)買(mǎi)一門(mén)以上的課程將使您在價(jià)格上享受10%的折扣。)”可知，購(gòu)買(mǎi)兩門(mén)及以上課程可以享受10%的折扣。再根據(jù)文章中的“OnlineCourseA($70)”和“OnlineCourseB($90)”可知，在線課程A為70美元，在線課程B為90美元。由此可知，同時(shí)購(gòu)買(mǎi)A1和B2兩門(mén)課需要花的錢(qián)是：（70+90）×（1－10%）=144美元。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中的“Newplayersorabsolutebeginnersareencouragedtojoinanentrylevelcoursewherewewillbeseparatingstudentswhodoalreadyknowhowtoplayfromthosewhodonotthroughagame.(鼓勵(lì)新玩家或絕對(duì)初學(xué)者參加入門(mén)級(jí)課程，我們將通過(guò)一局比賽把已經(jīng)知道如何下棋的學(xué)生和不知道如何下棋的學(xué)生分開(kāi)。)”可知，在入門(mén)級(jí)課程中，會(huì)通過(guò)下棋比賽將有象棋基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)生和完全沒(méi)有基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)生分開(kāi)。由此可推測(cè)出，該課程的目的是根據(jù)學(xué)生的象棋技能將其分開(kāi)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的“Youmaystillsignyournameforacourseevenaftermissingthefirstclass!Wecanprovideaone-hourmake-upclasssothatyoureceivethefullvalueoftheterm.(即使錯(cuò)過(guò)了第一節(jié)課，你仍然可以報(bào)名課程！我們可以提供一個(gè)小時(shí)的補(bǔ)課，這樣你就可以獲得該學(xué)期的全部?jī)r(jià)值。)”可知，對(duì)于那些沒(méi)能上第一節(jié)課的學(xué)生，灣區(qū)象棋會(huì)幫助他們趕上來(lái)。故選A。BWhenIwasinseventhgrade,myparentspaidfortydollarsaweekforatutortocometomyhouseandhelpmewithmath,whichendedupraisingmymarkfromfiftyto...fifty-five.Okay,maybeitwaspartlymyfault.MaybeIshouldhavespentlesstimeworryingaboutgeographyandmoretimeonmath.Butmathisathingdifficulttodealwith.Itonlygotworseinninthgrade.EveryreportcardIeverreceivedwasdeliveredwiththecomment:“Victorianeedstoaskforhelpinclass.”ButIcouldn’ttellmyteacherstherealreasonwhyIdidn’taskforhelp:Ididn’twanttobeafool.EveryquestionIhadwas,inmyopinionatthetime,somethingthattheentireclassgotandIdidn’tunderstand.Soinstead,Itookthenotionofnotcaringaboutanythingandconcludedthateverythingwouldworkoutintheend.Butitdidn’t.MymathteachercalledonthefirstmorningofsummerholidaystotellmeIshouldspendthenextseveralweeksatschool,redoingtheentirecoursesoIcouldpass.Asitturnedout,Ifailedinmathintenthgrade.That’swhenithitme.IfinallyrealizedthatIhadletmathtakeovermylife.Itisjustasubject.Therewasreallynoreasontobeafraidofit.Gradually,myattitudechanged,andIbecamepositiveonceIletgoofmymathfears.SoI’mofftoweeksofsummerschool,threehoursofmatheachday.Ifthere’sanybrightside,it’sthatatleastIhavesomesortofself-respect,somewhere,andI’llbegettingthehelpIneed.Afterall,nextyearI’llbedoingbetterbecauseIstudiedmoreofteninthesummerthantheotherkidsatschool.Maybefailingwasn’ttheworstthingthatcouldhavehappened.4.Howdidparents’helpaffectVictoria'sstudyinseventhgrade?A.Ithadlittleeffectonhermathmark. B.Itgreatlyraisedhergeographymark.C.Itmadehermathevenworse. D.Itgothermoreinterestedingeography.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“notion”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Risk. B.Belief. C.Opportunity. D.Advantage.6.HowdidVictoriaspendhersummervacation?A.Shestudiedatsummerschool. B.Shetraveledtotheseaside.C.Shetaughtherselfathome. D.Shehadagoodtimeinasummercamp.7.WhatwasVictoria’sattitudetohermathlearningintheend?A.Doubtful. B.Confident. C.Unclear. D.Impatient.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的數(shù)學(xué)很差，但因?yàn)椴幌氡憩F(xiàn)得很蠢，所以從不在課堂上提問(wèn)，一直消極對(duì)待這門(mén)科目。后來(lái)數(shù)學(xué)老師讓作者去學(xué)校補(bǔ)習(xí)，作者這個(gè)時(shí)候意識(shí)到自己需要改變自己的態(tài)度，于是作者不再害怕數(shù)學(xué)，決心參加補(bǔ)習(xí)，并對(duì)未來(lái)充滿(mǎn)信心?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenIwasinseventhgrade,myparentspaidfortydollarsaweekforatutortocometomyhouseandhelpmewithmath,whichendedupraisingmymarkfromfiftyto...fifty-five.(當(dāng)我七年級(jí)的時(shí)候，我父母每周花40美元請(qǐng)一位家庭教師來(lái)我家?guī)椭覍W(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)，最終把我的分?jǐn)?shù)從50分提高到了……55分。)”可知，作者父母的幫助讓作者的數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)從50分提到了55分，進(jìn)步很小。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前一句“EveryquestionIhadwas,inmyopinionatthetime,somethingthattheentireclassgotandIdidn’tunderstand.(在我當(dāng)時(shí)看來(lái)，我的每一個(gè)問(wèn)題都是全班同學(xué)都知道的，而我并不理解。)”可知，這是作者內(nèi)心的想法。而“Instead”前后應(yīng)是兩種觀點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后面的“andconcludedthateverythingwouldworkoutintheend(得出結(jié)論，最終一切都會(huì)成功的)”可知，作者態(tài)度改變，并且作者斷定事情最后會(huì)進(jìn)展得不錯(cuò)，tookthenotionof和concluded是順承關(guān)系，所以這里是說(shuō)作者采用“notcaringaboutanything(不關(guān)心)”這樣的想法然后做出推論。notion意為“觀點(diǎn)，看法”，和belief意思最為接近。故選B。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“SoI’mofftoweeksofsummerschool,threehoursofmatheachday.(所以我要去上幾個(gè)星期的暑期學(xué)校，每天上三個(gè)小時(shí)的數(shù)學(xué)課。)”可知，作者在暑假期間去暑期學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)了。故選A?！?題詳解】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Gradually,myattitudechanged,andIbecamepositiveonceIletgoofmymathfears.(漸漸地，我的態(tài)度改變了，一旦我放下了對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的恐懼，我就變得積極起來(lái)。)”和最后一段中的“Afterall,nextyearI’llbedoingbetterbecauseIstudiedmoreofteninthesummerthantheotherkidsatschool.(畢竟，明年我會(huì)做得更好，因?yàn)槲以谙奶毂葘W(xué)校里的其他孩子學(xué)習(xí)得更多。)”可知，作者逐漸改變了態(tài)度，變得積極起來(lái)，而且相信自己明年會(huì)做得更好。由此可推測(cè)出，作者在最后對(duì)自己的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)很有信心。故選B。CTherehasbeenanobviousdropnationwideintherateofhighschoolgraduatesenrolling(注冊(cè))incollegeinthefallaftertheyfinishhighschool—fromahighof70percentin2016to63percentin2020,themostrecentyearforwhichthefigureisavailable,accordingtotheNationalCenterforEducationStatistics.Manyobservershavesuggestedthreemainexplanationsforthefall:COVID-19,thesmallernumberofAmericansunder18andastronglabormarketattractingyoungpeoplestraightintotheworkforce.ButwhileCOVID-19madethingsworse,theenrollmentdownturntookholdwellbeforeitstarted.Demographics(人口結(jié)構(gòu))alonecannotexplainthesizeofthisdrop.Anddatashowthatworkforceparticipationfor16-to24-yearoldsisactuallylowerthanitwasbeforeCOVID-19hit.Manysurveyspointtootherreasonsforthedownwardtrend(趨勢(shì)).Theseincludewidespreadandfast-growingdoubtaboutthevalueofadegree,impatiencewiththetimeittakestogetoneandcoststhathavefinallygonebeyondmanypeople’sabilityorwillingnesstopay.Fewerthanoneinthreeadultsnowsayadegreeisworththecost.Ontopofallthatisgrowingdissatisfactionamongrecentuniversityandcollegegraduateswiththevalueoftheeducationtheyreceived.Morethanfourintenbachelor’sdegree(學(xué)士學(xué)位)holdersunder45didnotagreethatthebenefitsoftheireducationsaremorethanthecosts,accordingtoasurveybytheFederalReserve.Meanwhile,monthsofdiscussionaboutwhethertheBidenadministrationwillforgiveallorsomestudentloandebt(助學(xué)貸款)hashadanunintendedresult:Ithasremindedpotentiallearnersjusthowmuchpeoplebeforethemhadtoborrowtopayforcollegeandmanyoftheirparentsarestillpayingbacktheirstudentloans.Infact,workerswithbachelor’sdegreesearn67percentmorethanpeoplewhohaveonlyfinishedhighschool.Morethanhalfof“goodjobs”—meaningthosewithpayofatleast$35,000forworkersunderage45and$45,000forpeoplebetween45and64—callforbachelor’sdegrees.8.Whichhasthegreatestinfluenceoncollegeenrollment?A.ThewidespreadofCOVID-19.BToolongtimethecollegeeducationtakes.C.Thedoubtaboutthevalueofacollegedegree.D.Thelabormarketneedingmoreyoungpeople.9.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningBiden’spolicy?A.Topersuadeparentstofocusoneducation.B.Toadvisethegovernmenttochangeeducationlaws.C.Todescribetheimportanceofcollegeeducation.D.Toshowtheheavystressofcollegeeducation.10.Whatcanweknowaboutcollegedegreesfromthelastparagraph?A.Bachelor’sdegreescosttoomuch. B.Acollegedegreedoespayoff.C.Collegedegreesensureabsolutesuccessincareer. D.Thosewithoutcollegedegreesdon’tearnless.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDifficultyofEnteringCollegeB.TwoGenerationsofEducationEffortsC.ReasonsWhyHigherEducationLostItsShineD.AStrongLaborMarketAttractingYoungPeople【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了近年來(lái)美國(guó)大學(xué)入學(xué)率明顯下降，并分析了一些觀察員和調(diào)查給出的解釋?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ontopofallthatisgrowingdissatisfactionamongrecentuniversityandcollegegraduateswiththevalueoftheeducationtheyreceived.(在所有那些原因中最重要的是，最近的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生對(duì)他們所受教育的價(jià)值越來(lái)越不滿(mǎn))”可知，學(xué)生質(zhì)疑大學(xué)學(xué)位價(jià)值對(duì)大學(xué)入學(xué)率影響最大。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Meanwhile,monthsofdiscussionaboutwhethertheBidenadministrationwillforgiveallorsomestudentloandebt(助學(xué)貸款)hashadanunintendedresult:Ithasremindedpotentiallearnersjusthowmuchpeoplebeforethemhadtoborrowtopayforcollegeandmanyoftheirparentsarestillpayingbacktheirstudentloans.(與此同時(shí)，數(shù)月來(lái)關(guān)于拜登政府是否會(huì)免除全部或部分學(xué)生貸款的討論產(chǎn)生了意想不到的結(jié)果：這提醒了潛在的學(xué)習(xí)者，他們之前的人必須借多少錢(qián)來(lái)支付大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)，而他們的許多父母仍在償還學(xué)生貸款)”可知，拜登政府有關(guān)減免助學(xué)貸款的政策討論，讓將要步入大學(xué)的學(xué)生們認(rèn)識(shí)到了上大學(xué)需要支付的高昂學(xué)費(fèi)，這對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)是一種沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)。由此可推測(cè)出，作者的目的是為了展示大學(xué)教育的巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力。故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Infact,workerswithbachelor’sdegreesearn67percentmorethanpeoplewhohaveonlyfinishedhighschool.Morethanhalfof‘goodjobs’—meaningthosewithpayofatleast$35,000forworkersunderage45and$45,000forpeoplebetween45and64—callforbachelor’sdegrees.(事實(shí)上，擁有學(xué)士學(xué)位的工人的收入比只完成高中學(xué)業(yè)的人高67%。超過(guò)一半的‘好工作’——也就是說(shuō)，45歲以下工人的工資至少為35000美元，45歲至64歲的工人的工資至少為45000美元——要求獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位)”可知，有大學(xué)文憑的人掙的錢(qián)比沒(méi)有大學(xué)文憑的人多，而且大部分好工作崗位要求有學(xué)士學(xué)歷，由此可推測(cè)出，擁有大學(xué)學(xué)位確實(shí)能夠讓人獲得成功。故選B?！?1題詳解】標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，第一段中的“Therehasbeenanobviousdropnationwideintherateofhighschoolgraduatesenrolling(注冊(cè))incollegeinthefallaftertheyfinishhighschool(全國(guó)秋季高中畢業(yè)生高中畢業(yè)后的入學(xué)率明顯下降)”引出話(huà)題：全國(guó)大學(xué)入學(xué)率明顯下降。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“Manyobservershavesuggestedthreemainexplanationsforthefall(許多觀察員提出了三種主要的下降原因)”和第三段第一句“Manysurveyspointtootherreasonsforthedownwardtrend(趨勢(shì)).(許多調(diào)查指出了下降趨勢(shì)的其他原因)”可知，第二、三段分別分析了觀察員和調(diào)查給出的不同原因；第四段中的“Ontopofallthatisgrowingdissatisfactionamongrecentuniversityandcollegegraduateswiththevalueoftheeducationtheyreceived.(在所有那些原因中最重要的是，最近的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生對(duì)他們所受教育的價(jià)值越來(lái)越不滿(mǎn))”表明本段著重分析了上文中調(diào)查列舉的最重要的一個(gè)原因。由此可推測(cè)出，本文主要圍繞“大學(xué)入學(xué)率下降的原因”展開(kāi)，C項(xiàng)“高等教育失去光彩的原因”最適合做標(biāo)題。故選C。DWhenyouthrowaplasticbottleintoarecyclingbin,doyoueverthinkofitsdestination?Willitbereused,orwillitendupjustbringingmorepollutiontotheenvironment?Infact,only14%ofplasticpackagingiscollectedforrecycling,onereasonforwhichisthatnotallplasticcanberecycled,sometimesbecauseofthetypeofplastic,orbecauseit’spollutedbyfoodwaste.Mostplasticisburned,thrownintoalandfill(垃圾填埋場(chǎng)),orspreadaroundthenaturalenvironment.Expertssaycompaniesshouldreplacesingle-usecontainerswithonesthatcanbeusedoverandover.Theycouldbemetalorglassandberefilledatastore,byacompany,orathome.Reuse,aswellasremovalofalotofpackagingwedon'tneed,willalsohavetobeakeypartofthesolution.Severalglobalcompanieshavetestedreusablepackaging.Buttheeffectoftheseprogramswassmallatthebeginning.Asof2019,lessthan2%oftheplasticpackagingfromdozensofcompanieswasreusable.Butthecircular-economy(循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì))movementhasbeengainingsteam.IntheUnitedStates,thereusable-packagingmarketforbeautyandpersonal-careproductsgrewbyabout65%fromJune2020toMay2021.Canreusablepackaginghelpussavetheenvironment?There’sa“payback”periodwithanyreusableitem.That’sthenumberoftimesitmustbereusedbeforeit’sactuallybetterfortheenvironmentthanthesingle-useones.Thinkaboutreusablesandwichpackaging.Theenergyandresourcesneededtomakeandwashitarefarmorethanwhatgoesintomakingsingle-usebags.Butreusablebottlescouldpayoff.Whatcustomersdoisalsoimportant.Ifsomeonebuysametalshampoobottle,getslazy,andthrowsitintothegarbageinsteadofrefillingit,thatmightbeworsefortheenvironmentthanasingle-usebottle.That’sbecauseittookmoreenergytomakethereusablemetalbottle.Forareuseprogramtowork,expertssaysimpleisbest.OnecompanyexperimentingwithreusablepackagingisLoop.Loopusedtosellitsproductsonline,andcustomerssentemptycontainersbackforarefill.Thecompanyhasswitchedtostorestomaketheprocesseasier.CustomersreturntheirbottlesinpersoninsteadofhavingtomailthembacktoLoop.12.Whydoestheauthoraskthequestionsinparagraph1?A.Togiveanexample. B.Toshowanopinion.C.Toleadintothetopic. D.Tomakeacomparison.13.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Testsonreusablepackaging.B.Harmfulsingle-usecontainers.C.Thecompaniessupportingreusablepackaging.D.Thedevelopmentofreusablepackaging.14.Whendoesreusablepackagingmakesense?A.Afteritisusedforenoughtimes. B.Whenitcostslesstobeproduced.C.Afteritreplacesallsingle-useones. D.Whenallpeopleacceptitasdailyuse.15.Whatshouldbedonetomakereuseprogramswork?A.Sellingalltheproductsonline.B.Givingcustomersmoreproductstochoosefrom.C.Makingreusablepackagingmorebeautiful.D.Takingconvenientmeasuresforconsumers.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹的是人們隨手丟棄的塑料包裝造成污染，發(fā)展可重復(fù)使用的包裝、減少包裝污染是人類(lèi)面臨的一個(gè)重大課題。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whenyouthrowaplasticbottleintoarecyclingbin,doyoueverthinkofitsdestination?Willitbereused,orwillitendupjustbringingmorepollutiontotheenvironment?(當(dāng)你把一個(gè)塑料瓶扔進(jìn)回收箱時(shí)，你有沒(méi)有想過(guò)它的目的地?它會(huì)被再利用，還是會(huì)給環(huán)境帶來(lái)更多的污染？)”可知，作者對(duì)一個(gè)塑料奶瓶丟進(jìn)垃圾箱后的去向以及帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，結(jié)合第二段中的“Infact,only14%ofplasticpackagingiscollectedforrecycling,onereasonforwhichisthatnotallplasticcanberecycled,sometimesbecauseofthetypeofplastic,orbecauseit’spollutedbyfoodwaste.Mostplasticisburned，thrownintoalandfill(垃圾填埋場(chǎng)),orspreadaroundthenaturalenvironment.(事實(shí)上，只有14%的塑料包裝被回收利用，其中一個(gè)原因是并非所有的塑料都可以回收利用，有時(shí)是因?yàn)樗芰系念?lèi)型，或者因?yàn)樗皇澄锢廴玖恕４蠖鄶?shù)塑料被焚燒，扔進(jìn)垃圾填埋場(chǎng)，或者在自然環(huán)境中傳播)”可知，塑料包裝被回收的占比較小，大部分都被燃燒，丟進(jìn)垃圾填埋場(chǎng)或在自然環(huán)境中傳播，進(jìn)而造成污染。由此推知，作者用第一段提問(wèn)的形式是為了引出本文的話(huà)題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Severalglobalcompanieshavetestedreusablepackaging.(幾家跨國(guó)公司已經(jīng)測(cè)試了可重復(fù)使用的包裝)”、“Asof2019,lessthan2%oftheplasticpackagingfromdozensofcompanieswasreusable.(截至2019年，數(shù)十家公司的塑料包裝中只有不到2%是可重復(fù)使用的)”以及“IntheUnitedStates,thereusable-packagingmarketforbeautyandpersonal-careproductsgrewbyabout65%fromJune2020toMay2021.(在美國(guó)，美容和個(gè)人護(hù)理產(chǎn)品的可重復(fù)使用包裝市場(chǎng)從2020年6月到2021年5月增長(zhǎng)了約65%)”可知，本段列舉的這些數(shù)字介紹了可重復(fù)使用包裝的發(fā)展情況。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“That’sthenumberoftimesitmustbereusedbeforeit’sactuallybetterfortheenvironmentthanthesingle-useones.(這是它必須重復(fù)使用的次數(shù)，直到它比一次性的更環(huán)保)”可知，可重復(fù)使用的包裝只有在重復(fù)使用多次之后才能起到節(jié)省能源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的作用。故選A項(xiàng)15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Forareuseprogramtowork,expertssaysimpleisbest.(專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，要想讓重復(fù)利用項(xiàng)目發(fā)揮作用，簡(jiǎn)單是最好的)”本段的主題句，進(jìn)而列舉了Loop公司來(lái)說(shuō)明這一觀點(diǎn)，根據(jù)下文中的“Loopusedtosellitsproductsonline,andcustomerssentemptycontainersbackforarefill.Thecompanyhasswitchedtostorestomaketheprocesseasier.CustomersreturntheirbottlesinpersoninsteadofhavingtomailthembacktoLoop.(Loop過(guò)去常常在網(wǎng)上銷(xiāo)售產(chǎn)品，顧客會(huì)把空容器寄回來(lái)重新裝上。該公司已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)嶓w店，以簡(jiǎn)化這一過(guò)程。顧客可以親自返回瓶子，而不必將瓶子寄回Loop)”可知，消費(fèi)者將空包裝寄回到Loop公司重新裝滿(mǎn)，后來(lái)，該公司轉(zhuǎn)向商店，簡(jiǎn)化這一過(guò)程，消費(fèi)者親自把包裝瓶退回來(lái)，不需要再寄回Loop公司。由此推知，要想使得重復(fù)利用項(xiàng)目發(fā)揮作用，需要推出便利的措施。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Incollege,therearesuchahugesetofreadingtasks.Youmightfallbehindifyoudonotreadbeforeclass.Herearereasonswhyyoushouldreadaheadoftheclass.Makethemostoftheclasstime.Classtimeisvaluable.____16____Whenyoureadaheadoftime,youaremorelikelytounderstandtheorganizationofthelecture.You’llbebetterabletofigureoutwhat’simportantandwhatisn’tandtherefore,takeeffectivenotes.Showrespect.Readingaheadoftimeshowsrespectfortheprofessor.____17____Whileprofessors’feelingsshouldnotbetheprimarymotivatorofyourbehavior,relationshipswithprofessorsareimportant.Thinkahead—professorsareoftenimportantresourcesforadvice,recommendationletters,andopportunities.____18____Ifeverythingthatyouhearinclassisnew,howwillyoudeterminewhetheryouunderstandandwhetheryouhavequestions?Ifyouhavereadbeforehand,youcanfocusyourattentiononfillinggapsinyourunderstandingbypayingmoreattentionduringsomepartsofthelectureandbyaskingquestions.Takeanactivepartinclass.____19____Bereadytoanswerquestions,discussthetopicanddogroupwork.It’seasytotakepartwhenyouknowthetopic.Readingbeforehandhelpsyoutounderstandthematerialandgivesyoutimetoconsideryourviewpointsandopinions.Showoff.Readingbeforeclassletsyoushowthatyou’veread,thatyoucare,andthatyouareintelligent.You’llbeabletoaskgoodquestionsandtakepartinawaythatprovespreparation,interest,andmasteryofthematerial.____20____A.Manystudentsmaygetcaughtunprepared.B.Mostclassesrequiresomekindofparticipation.C.Theseareallpositivemarksinprofessors’views.D.Youshouldmakesurethatyoucanfollowalong.E.Understandthetopicandwhatyoudon’tunderstand.F.Inturn,theycantellwhenthegroupistakingawrongway.G.Itisaneasywaytogetabetterrelationshipwithyourprofessor.【答案】16.D17.G18.E19.B20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了提前閱讀的一些原因?！?6題詳解】上文“Classtimeisvaluable.(上課時(shí)間很寶貴。)”講述了上課時(shí)間很寶貴，下文“Whenyoureadaheadoftime,youaremorelikelytounderstandtheorganizationofthelecture.(當(dāng)你提前閱讀時(shí)，你更有可能理解講座的組織結(jié)構(gòu)。)”講述了提前閱讀有助于更好地利用課堂時(shí)間，所以這里應(yīng)說(shuō)的是要確保自己在上課時(shí)能跟得上。D項(xiàng)“你應(yīng)該確保你能跟上?！背猩蠁⑾?。故選D。【17題詳解】上文“Readingaheadoftimeshowsrespectfortheprofessor.(提前閱讀表示對(duì)教授的尊重。)”講述了提前閱讀是表達(dá)對(duì)教授尊重的方式，G項(xiàng)“這是與你教授建立較好關(guān)系的簡(jiǎn)單方式?！背薪由衔?，It指代上文的“Readingaheadoftime”。故選G。【18題詳解】空處是本段的主旨句。根據(jù)本段中的“Ifyouhavereadbeforehand,youcanfocusyourattentiononfillinggapsinyourunderstandingbypayingmoreattentionduringsomepartsofthelectureandbyaskingquestions.(如果你事先已經(jīng)閱讀過(guò)，你可以在講座的某些部分多加注意并提出問(wèn)題，從而將注意力集中在填補(bǔ)理解上的空白上。)”講述了提前閱讀可以讓你知道哪些地方已經(jīng)理解了，哪些地方需要在課堂上多加注意。由此可推測(cè)出，本段主要圍繞“理解”講述，E項(xiàng)“理解主題和你不理解的內(nèi)容?！狈项}意。故選E?！?9題詳解】空前“Takeanactivepartinclass.(在課堂上積極參與。)”是本段主題，強(qiáng)調(diào)了在課堂上參與的重要性，空后“Bereadytoanswerquestions,discussthetopicanddogroupwork.(準(zhǔn)備好回答問(wèn)題、討論主題并進(jìn)行小組工作。)”講述了參與的具體方法。B項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)課程都需要某種參與?！闭諔?yīng)本段主題，并銜接下文。故選B。20題詳解】上文“You’llbeabletoaskgoodquestionsandtakepartinawaythatprovespreparation,interest,andmasteryofthematerial.(你將能夠提出好的問(wèn)題，并以證明自己有作準(zhǔn)備、感興趣和熟練掌握材料的方式進(jìn)行參與。)”講述了提前閱讀能夠讓你提出好問(wèn)題，并且證明了自己提前有預(yù)習(xí)、對(duì)課程感興趣和對(duì)課程材料有熟練掌握，這些都是好的方面。C項(xiàng)“這些在教授們看來(lái)都是加分項(xiàng)?！睂?duì)前文進(jìn)一步總結(jié)，且These指代上文的“askgoodquestionsandtakepartinawaythatprovespreparation,interest,andmasteryofthematerial”。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Justbeforecoldmidnight,wewalkedasusualintotheonlylocalcoffeeshopforacupofcoffeetostayawakeaswehadtoworkintotheearlymorning.Atthetime,manyofthe____21____wouldappearhereforwarmthandfreebreadleftbyothercustomers.Iheldacupofcoffeeto____22____myhands,andthenInaturally____23____,Inoticedamanwhowould____24____sitinthesamecorner.Thecornersofmymouthinstantlybentup,andhe____25____back,whisperingalow“Hi”,Thusbegananactive____26____thatfeltnaturalandcomforting.IlearnedhisnamewasDennis.Hisparents____27____himwhenhewasachild.Hehadbeeninandoutoffostercare(寄養(yǎng))untilhebecamehomelessafter____28____.Abouttwelveyearslater,Iwas____29____theconstructionofacitytransportationsystem.Mystaffwasvery____30____,butoneman____31____wentaboveandbeyondinhelpingme.AsIfinishedmy____32____andwasleaving,hecameovertomeandasked,“Youdon’trememberme?”“It’syou,Dennis!”IyelledasIthrewmy____33____aroundhim.Wehuggedand____34____likereunitedfamily.Itturnedoutthatafterourfirstmeet,hehadchosentoturnhis____35____around.Thenhewas____36____andworkedasabusdriver.Ibarely____37____himinhisuniform.“Ihavenever____38____you.Youweretheonlypersonwhosmiledandtalkedtome,andthatmadeanew____39____inmylife,”hesaid.Thatseeminglyminorsmilehadgivenusbothanunforgettable____40____.21.A.retired B.homeless C.old D.injured22.A.train B.wash C.warm D.balance23.A.lookedup B.wentaway C.fellbehind D.brokedown24.A.usually B.fortunately C.unwillingly D.slowly25.A.talked B.turned C.waved D.smiled26.A.lesson B.conversation C.explanation D.argument27.A.educated B.raised C.praised D.left28.A.growingup B.droppingout C.takingover D.settlingdown29.A.appreciating B.managing C.imagining D.learning30.A.professional B.patient C.supportive D.fair31.A.onpurpose B.inparticular C.inreturn D.onthecontrary32.A.travel B.school C.project D.adventure33.A.clothes B.belongings C.legs D.arms34.A.pretended B.lived C.struggled D.laughed35.A.dream B.life C.habit D.family36.A.hired B.cured C.challenged D.distracted37.A.admired B.doubted C.recognized D.interviewed38.A.forgiven B.ignored C.refused D.forgotten39.A.impression B.start C.requirement D.promise40.A.chance B.job C.memory D.choice【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C31.B32.C33.D34.D35.B36.A37.C38.D39.B40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經(jīng)對(duì)一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的男子微笑，和他說(shuō)話(huà)，這讓男子很感動(dòng)，開(kāi)始決定改變生活，最終成為一名司機(jī)。作者通過(guò)文章告訴我們：一個(gè)微笑，一席話(huà)，看似微不足道，卻可以改變一個(gè)人的一生?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)，許多無(wú)家可歸的人會(huì)來(lái)這里取暖，并吃其他顧客留下的免費(fèi)面包。A.retired退休的；B.homeless無(wú)家可歸的；C.old舊的；D.injured受傷的。由空后“wouldappearhereforwarmthandfreebreadleftbyothercustomers.”和下文“hebecamehomeless”可知，在咖啡館吃顧客剩下面包的人是無(wú)家可歸的人。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我端著一杯咖啡暖手，然后我很自然地抬起頭，我注意到一個(gè)男人經(jīng)常坐在同一個(gè)角落。A.train培訓(xùn)；B.wash洗；C.warm（使）變暖和；D.balance平衡。由第一段中“Justbeforecoldmidnight,”可知，天氣很冷，所以作者手里端著一杯咖啡來(lái)暖手。故選C。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我端著一杯咖啡暖手，然后我很自然地抬起頭，我注意到一個(gè)男人經(jīng)常坐在同一個(gè)角落。A.lookedup向上看；B.wentaway離開(kāi)；C.fellbehind落在后面；D.brokedown壞掉。由上文“thenInat