廣西南寧市2022-2023學年高二下學期開學考試英語試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁/共1頁高二年級英語試卷(考試時間：120分鐘分值：150分)注意事項：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.考生作答時請將答案答在答題卡上，選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置，聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whereisthenearestpostoffice?A.InSesameStreet.B.NearRoseSquare.C.NexttoMoonBridge.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Takingphotos.B.Buyingacamera.C.Paintingpictures.3.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Watchthematch.B.Gotobed.C.Catchthetrain.4.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Lateautumn.B.Latewinter.C.Earlyspring.5.Whatarethespeakerslikelytodoattheweekend?A.Dosomepacking.B.Goforatrip.C.Stayathome.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Atabusstation.C.Atamovietheater.7.Whatdidthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Standinline.B.Buyheracoffee.C.Saveaseatforher.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Colorhishair.B.Reservearoom.C.Shortenhispants.9.Howwillthemangohome?A.Bycar.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Childeducation.B.Petmanagement.C.Noisedisturbance.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers’newneighbors?A.Theyhavethreekids.B.Theyhaveabigapartment.C.Theyoftenkeeptheirdogsin.12.Howwillthespeakersprobablydealwiththeproblem?A.Speakwiththeirneighbors.B.Talkwiththeotherresidents.C.Sendamessagetotheirneighbors.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdidthemanforgettobring?A.Hisdriver’slicense.B.Hisregistrationticket.C.Hiscreditcard.14.Howmuchshouldthemangivethewoman?A.$250.B.$215.C.$205.15Howwillthemanpayfinally?A.Incash.B.Bycreditcard.C.Bycheck.16.Whatmadethewomanchangeherattitude?A.Theman’srudeness.B.Theman’spromise.C.Theman’sthreat.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whichroadwasclosed?A.MainStreet.B.ColumbiaRoad.C.ThirdStreet.18.Howmanycarsweredamagedintheaccident?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.19.Howdoesthelocalmanfeelaboutthecrossroads?A.Angry.B.Afraid.C.Amazed.20.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AFromMarrakechtoCapeTown,Africahassomuchtooffer.Herearesometopdestinationstodiscoverinthisfascinatingcontinent.KrugerNationalParkBurstingwithadiversearrayofwildlifeinlargenumbersKrugerisconsideredSouthAfrica’sbestparkforareason.Inadditiontotheawesomeamountofnatureondisplay,theamenitiesarealsofantastic,withagreatarrayoflodgesandcampstosuitallkindsofbudgets.Krugerisalsoheavenforbirdwatching,sothere’ssomethingtoexciteeveryone.VictoriaFallsNext,we’vegotoneofthewondersofthenaturalworld.ThecolossalVictoriaFallssitsontheZambiaandZimbabweborder.AsNovembermarksthestartoftherainyseason,it’stheperfecttimetovisit,asthefallswillbeattheirmostdramatic!BookontooneofTripbeat’sVictoriaFallsmulti-daycampingadventurestoexploretheamazinglandscapeandanimals.OkavangoDeltaTheOkavangoDeltaisanotherfantasticchoiceforsafari.Insteadofjeeps,boatsarethebestwaytogetaroundthiswaterywilderness,andperfectforgettingupclosetohipposandcrocodiles.BotswanaisalsoagreatplacetoexploreAfricancuisine,withdeliciousdisheslikeVetkoek,atypeofburgernormallyservedwithcurry,thyme,andchillisauce.CapeTownOurlastrecommendationisoneofthreecapitals.RelaxattheVictoriaandAlfredwatersideareawhereyoucanvisittheMuseumofContemporaryAfricanArt,orjoinawalkingtourtodiscovermoreaboutthearea’shistorythatdatestothe17thcentury.Ifyouonlydoonething,visitRobbenIsland,whereNelsonMandelawasincarceratedfor18years.Itoffersasoberinginsightintothehistoryoftheanti-apartheidactivists’lifeandimprisonment.1.Visitorswhowanttoplananeconomicaltripmaygoto.A.VictoriaFalls B.CapeTownC.KrugerNationalPark D.OkavangoDelta2.WhatisVetkoekmainlyrelatedto?A.Travel. B.History. C.Location. D.Food.3.Wherecanyoulearnaboutthelifeofleaderoftheanti-apartheidmovement?A.VictoriaandAlfred. B.RobbenIsland.C.Botswana. D.ZambiaandZimbabweborder.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了非洲這片迷人的大陸上四個值得游覽的旅游目的地?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KrugerNationalPark中的“Inadditiontotheawesomeamountofnatureondisplaytheamenitiesarealsofantastic,withagreatarrayoflodgesandcampstosuitallkindsofbudgets.(除了展示令人敬畏的自然景觀外，這里的設施也很棒，有大量的小屋和營地，適合各種預算)”可知，想要計劃一次經(jīng)濟旅行的游客可以去克魯格國家公園。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OkavangoDelta中的“BotswanaisalsoagreatplacetoexploreAfricancuisine,withdeliciousdisheslikeVetkoek,atypeofburgernormallyservedwithcurry,thyme,andchillisauce.(博茨瓦納也是探索非洲美食的好地方，有美味的菜肴，比如Vetkoek，一種通常用咖喱、百里香和辣椒醬烹制的漢堡)”可知，Vetkoek是一種美味的食物。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CapeTown中的“Ifyouonlydoonething,visitRobbenIsland,whereNelsonMandelawasincarceratedfor18years.Itoffersasoberinginsightintothehistoryoftheanti-apartheidactivists’lifeandimprisonment.(如果你只做一件事，那就去羅本島，納爾遜·曼德拉在那里被監(jiān)禁了18年。它提供了一個發(fā)人深省的洞察反種族隔離活動家的生活和監(jiān)禁的歷史)”可知，在羅本島可以了解到這位反種族隔離運動領(lǐng)袖的生平。故選B。BAfterameetingshortlybeforethewinterbreak,Iwalkedthroughthehallsoffloor3inMetaForum,readytoleavethebuilding,whenIheardavoicecalloutmyname.ItwasafriendwithwhomIsharedaconnectionthatisquiterarearoundthiscampus—bothofusarefromSlovakia.Extremelyhappytohearmynativelanguageaftersolong,Ijoinedhimintheroomthathebookedtostudyin.Duringourconversation,herevealedtomethatfirst-yearcommitteesexistwithinthestudyassociationGEWISandthathebelongstoone.Longstoryshort,hetookmetotheGEWISroomwhereIstartedtheprocessofjoiningonecommittee.NotonlydidGEWISgivemeasociallifeduringthepandemic,butitalsopresentedmewithcountlessexcitingactivitiesandopportunities.Unfortunately,mostofmyinternationalfriendscannotrelate.Duringthesummerbreak,IgotatextfromJortwhoisnowourchairman.HesaidthattherewereplanstostartacommitteetogetmoreinternationalsinvolvedinGEWIS.Jortisalocalstudent.Iwassurprisedtoseehimtakingsuchaninitiative.Iappreciatedthesympathyforthedifficultythatinternationalsdealwith,soIjoinedthefirstmeeting.Fastforwardtotodayweareacommitteecontaining8differentnationalities.Youmightseeusoncampuswearingouriconiclight-greenandpurpleT-shirtswiththeword“GeLOBAL”onit.Withourdiverseteam,thereisnoshortageofideasformakingGEWISmoreinternational-friendly,andforfunactivities.Onthe25thofOctober,wekickedthingsoffwithourfirstofficialGEWISactivity—AroundTheGlobeWithGeLOBAL.Thepeoplewhojoinedtookpartinafunyeteducationalpubquizinvolvingtriviaquestionsfromallaroundtheworld.Theyalsogottheopportunitytolearnusefulphrases(suchaspick-uplines)fromawidepooloflanguages.Thereweresnacksanddrinks—includingforeignones,ofcourse.Therewasawelcoming,inclusiveenergyintheair.4.Whydoestheauthorhaveararerelationshipwithhisfriend?A.Theycomefromthesamecountry. B.Theyconnectinaspecialway.C.Theyseldomseeeachother. D.Theydon’tknoweachotherverywell.5.WhydidJortwanttostartacommitteeforforeignstudents?A.Tomakehimselftheirleader. B.Toteachthemdifferentlanguages.C.Tohelpthemadapttolifethere. D.Toinvolvethemininternationalaffairs.6.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoGEWIS?A.Grateful. B.Tolerant. C.Resistant. D.Critical.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.GEWIS:WelcomeYou B.GEWIS:thePlatformC.TheInternationals D.TheCampusLifeAbroad【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在國外學習時，參加了GEWIS的一個協(xié)會，這個協(xié)會對外國人友好，提供許多活動和機會，幫助外國人適應當?shù)厣睢！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ItwasafriendwithwhomIsharedaconnectionthatisquiterarearoundthiscampus—bothofusarefromSlovakia.(這是我的一個朋友，我們倆都來自斯洛伐克，這在校園里是很少見的)”可知，作者與這個朋友的關(guān)系罕見，是因為他們來自同一個國家。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“HesaidthattherewereplanstostartacommitteetogetmoreinternationalsinvolvedinGEWIS.(他說，計劃成立一個委員會，讓更多的國家參與到GEWIS中來)”以及文章最后一段“Thepeoplewhojoinedtookpartinafunyeteducationalpubquizinvolvingtriviaquestionsfromallaroundtheworld.Theyalsogottheopportunitytolearnusefulphrases(suchaspick-uplines)fromawidepooloflanguages.Thereweresnacksanddrinks—includingforeignones,ofcourse.Therewasawelcoming,inclusiveenergyintheair.(加入的人參加了一個有趣而有教育意義的酒吧測驗，包括來自世界各地的瑣事問題。他們也有機會從各種語言中學習有用的短語(比如搭訕語)。有小吃和飲料，當然也包括外國的?？諝庵袕浡环N歡迎的、包容的能量)”可推斷出，Jort為外國朋友創(chuàng)辦委員會是為了讓他們參與活動，學習有用的短語等，也就是為了讓外國的朋友能夠更好地適應生活。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Iappreciatedthesympathyforthedifficultythatinternationalsdealwith,soIjoinedthefirstmeeting.(我很感激大家對國際人士所面臨的困難的同情，所以我參加了第一次會議)”可推測，作者對于GEWIS是充滿感激的。故選A。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Duringourconversation,herevealedtomethatfirst-yearcommitteesexistwithinthestudyassociationGEWISandthathebelongstoone.Longstoryshort,hetookmetotheGEWISroomwhereIstartedtheprocessofjoiningonecommittee.NotonlydidGEWISgivemeasociallifeduringthepandemic,butitalsopresentedmewithcountlessexcitingactivitiesandopportunities.(在我們的談話中，他向我透露，在研究協(xié)會GEWIS中有一個一年級委員會，他也是其中的一員。長話短說，他把我?guī)У搅薌EWIS的房間，在那里我開始了加入一個委員會的過程。GEWIS不僅在疫情期間為我提供了社交生活，還為我提供了無數(shù)令人興奮的活動和機會)”可知，本文作者介紹了自己在國外學習時，參加了GEWIS的一個協(xié)會，該協(xié)會組織許多活動和機會，從而幫助外國人更好地適應本地生活。由此可知，“GEWIS:thePlatform(GEWIS：平臺)”作為文章標題最為合適。故選B。CZhonglinWangstartedplayingtabletennisonlyfouryearsago.Butlastyear,heandotherresearcherscameupwithacleverwaytoimprovetheirgame:Buildasmarttable.Nowthey’vejustintroducedaprototypetothepublic.Itcanmeasurewhereaballlands,howfasttheball’sgoingandwhereit’sheaded.Thetablecandothatbecauseitsinnovativewoodsurfaceformsthetoplayerofanovelself-poweredsensor.Thedataitacquirescouldhelpplayerstoperformbetter,saysWang.WangisamaterialsscientistattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,inAtlanta.Hedescribestheinventionasamachinethatcanlearntoanalyzehowsomeoneplays.Importantly,thenewsmarttabledoesn’tneedabatterytodetecttheball.Whenaballhitsthewood,itsetsoffachainofeventsthatcanbothgenerateasmallelectriccurrentandrecordtheball’sbehavior.Wangisanexpertatinventingdevicesthatprovidetheirownpower.In2012,heinventedatriboelectric(摩擦生電的)nano-generator.HecallsitTENG,forshort.Evenifyou’veneverheardof“triboelectricity”,youknowthephenomenon.Mostofuscallitstaticelectricity.ThefirstTENGthatWangputtogetherin2012lookedlikeasandwich.Ithadlayersofchargedmaterialsseparatedbyasmallgap.Whenthesandwichbentorchangedshape,itslayeredmaterialsrubbedagainsteachother.Thiscausedelectronstostartbuildingupononeside.WhatmakesthenewgametabletrulyuniqueisitsuseofwoodasoneoftheTENG’slayers.Asitturnsout,Wangexplains,“Woodisanexcellenttriboelectricmaterial.”Buildingafull-sizegametablewouldrequirealargegridofwoodTENGs.Wangsaysthat’sonhisdrawingboardasaprojectforthefuture.8.Whichofthefollowingcanprobablyreplacetheunderlined“detect”inParagraph3?A.Stop. B.Start. C.Observe. D.Release.9.WhatcanweknowaboutTENG?A.Itwasinventedlastyear. B.Itfunctionslikeasandwich.C.Itisascientificphenomenon. D.It’sadevicegeneratingpower.10.Whyisthenewtableunusual?A.Itcanmeasurethespeedoftheball. B.ItuseswoodasaTENG’slayer.C.Itcanhelpplayersperformbetter. D.Itusesanewsteeltablesurface.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AUniqueSmartGameTable B.ATableTennisLoverC.WaystoWinaTableTennisGame D.NewRulesforTableTennisGames【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新的發(fā)明——智能乒乓球桌面。它可以感知乒乓球的速度、方向等，從而幫助人們提高球技?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章劃線單詞下一句“Whenaballhitsthewood,itsetsoffachainofeventsthatcanbothgenerateasmallelectriccurrentandrecordtheball’sbehavior.(當球擊中木頭時，它會引發(fā)一系列事件，這些事件既能產(chǎn)生小電流，也能記錄下球的行為。)”可知，當球擊中木頭時，它會引發(fā)一系列事件，能記錄下球的行為，這說明新的智能游戲桌不需要電池來觀察球。所以劃線單詞的意思和“觀察、觀測”有關(guān)。選項A“Stop(停止)”；選項B“Start(開始)”；選項C“Observe(觀察)”；選項D“Release(釋放)”。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“In2012,heinventedatriboelectric(摩擦生電的)nano-generator.HecallsitTENG,forshort.(2012年，他發(fā)明了摩擦生電的納米發(fā)電機。他將其簡稱為TENG。)”可知，TENG是一種發(fā)電裝置。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WhatmakesthenewgametabletrulyuniqueisitsuseofwoodasoneoftheTENG’slayers.(使新的游戲桌真正獨特的是它使用木材作為TENG的層之一。)”可知，這個新的游戲桌與眾不同的地方在于使用了木頭作為TENG的一層。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Butlastyear,heandotherresearcherscameupwithacleverwaytoimprovetheirgame:Buildasmarttable.(但去年，他和其他研究人員想出了一個聰明的方法來改進他們的游戲：制作一張智能桌子。)”以及全文對這款新型乒乓球桌的介紹可知，文章主要圍繞智能乒乓球桌展開的。所以“AUniqueSmartGameTable(一個獨特的智能游戲桌)”作為文章標題最為合適。故選A。DCommercialairlinesalonecontributearound3percentoftotalglobalcarbonemissions(排放).Buttheindustryisactivelylookingforgreensolutionsintheformofsustainable(可持續(xù)的)airlinefuel,andinonecase,thatfuelmayhavehadapreviouslifeasyourhouseholdfoodwaste.InastudyreleasedthisweekintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersdetailamethodoftransformingfoodwasteintosustainableairlinefuel.Biomass,suchasanimalandfoodwaste,canbetransformedintobiofuels,whicharerenewableliquidfuelsmadefromorganicmatter.DerekVardon,aseniorresearchengineerattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory(NREL),saysthattheirfuelworkedasamixtureof90percentconventionalpetrolairlinefueland10percentalternativeairlinefuelrequiredbytheindustrycurrently.Theyalsoshowtheycouldpushittoa70/30mixturewithmoretimeandtestingavailable.Majorcompaniesareeagertoparticipateinsustainableairlinefuelbecausesomesustainablesolutions,suchasbattery-operatedcommercialplanes,justaren’tpossibleyetwithcurrentbatterytechnology.Abattery-poweredplanewouldbetooheavytoflylongdistances,sofuelthatworksinthesamewayasthefuelwehaveisasimplerwaytotradeoutemission-heavyfossilfuels.Vardonsaysthatbecausethewetwasteusedintheprocesswouldnormallygotoalandfillandbreakdowntoreleasegreenhousegases,theprocessofmakingandusingsustainableairlinefuelcouldactuallyhaveanegativecarbonfootprintwhenscaledup.Commercialairlinesarealsoonboardtofindanaffordableandsustainablesolutiontothecarbon-intensiveprocessofairtravel.Airlinesarelookingtohitaggressivesustainabilitygoalsby2050,includingdecreasingnetcarbondioxideemissionsby50percent.12.Whichofthefollowingisusedforsustainableairlinepower?A.Liquidfuel. B.Biomass. C.Batterypower. D.Fossilfuel.13.Whyarecommercialplanesstillfuel-powered?A.Biofuelproveslesscostlyandeasiertoproduce.B.It’sconvenienttocreatetheproperfuelmixture.C.Fuel-poweredplanesarelikelytotravellighterandfarther.D.Biofuelisenvironmentallyfriendlyandsustainabletouse.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onboard”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Participatingin. B.Takingoff.C.Holdingameeting. D.Appearingonstage.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AlternativeEnergytoFossilFuel.B.HowtoGetFossilFuelSustainable.C.DecreasingCarbonDioxideEmissions.D.ChangingFoodWasteintoAirplaneFuel.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在本周發(fā)表在《美國國家科學院院刊》上的一項研究：將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可持續(xù)航空燃料，該燃料有望給未來客機帶來動力?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“InastudyreleasedthisweekintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersdetailamethodoftransformingfoodwasteintosustainableairlinefuel.(在本周發(fā)表在《美國國家科學院院刊》上的一項研究中，研究人員詳細介紹了一種將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可持續(xù)航空燃料的方法。)”和第二段第一句“Biomass,suchasanimalandfoodwaste,canbetransformedintobiofuels,whicharerenewableliquidfuelsmadefromorganicmatter.(生物質(zhì)，如動物和食物垃圾，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為生物燃料，這是一種由有機物制成的可再生液體燃料。)”可知，生物質(zhì)可以被轉(zhuǎn)化為航空燃料。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Abattery-poweredplanewouldbetooheavytoflylongdistances,sofuelthatworksinthesamewayasthefuelwehaveisasimplerwaytotradeoutemission-heavyfossilfuels.(電池驅(qū)動的飛機太重，無法飛很遠的距離，因此，與我們現(xiàn)有的燃料工作原理相同的燃料，是一種更簡單的方式，可以取代高排放的化石燃料。)”可知，目前飛機仍然主要是以化石燃料驅(qū)動為主的原因是，與電池驅(qū)動相比，燃料驅(qū)動的飛機更加輕便、飛得更遠。故選C。【14題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Airlinesarelookingtohitaggressivesustainabilitygoalsby2050,includingdecreasingnetcarbondioxideemissionsby50percent.(航空公司希望在2050年前達到積極的可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標，包括將二氧化碳凈排放量減少50%。)”可知，商業(yè)航空公司也在參與尋找一種經(jīng)濟實惠且可持續(xù)的解決方案。所以劃線詞onboard意為“參與”。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“InastudyreleasedthisweekintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersdetailamethodoftransformingfoodwasteintosustainableairlinefuel.(在本周發(fā)表在《美國國家科學院院刊》上的一項研究中，研究人員詳細介紹了一種將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可持續(xù)航空燃料的方法。)”結(jié)合全文可知，文章主要講述了研究人員正在努力將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可持續(xù)的航空燃料。所以D項“ChangingFoodWasteintoAirplaneFuel.(把食物垃圾變成飛機燃料)”作標題能概括全文主旨。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。NATIONALPARKSERVICELastyear,theNationalParkService(NPS)markedits100thanniversarywithayear-longcelebration.____16____.Itrecognizedthepreservationandprotectionofthe417parkserviceunits.Nowthatthosefestivitieshavewrappedup,it’stimetolooktowardwhatthenext100yearsmightlooklikeforthenation’sparks.Here’salookatsomeofthemajorissuesfacingthenationsparksnowandoverthenextcentury.____17____.Forexample,atShenandoahNationalPark,parkofficialsnotethatrisingtemperaturesinstreamshavealreadyimpactednativefish.Theyarealsoconcernedthatclimatechangewillleadtomoredroughts,floodsandwildfires.AtGoldenGateNationalRecreationAreainCalifornia,parkofficialsarepredictingheatwaves,coastalfloodingandhabitatdestructioninresponsetoclimatechange.Visitorsbehavebadly.Today,visitorsstillaimtomaketheirmarkonthenaturalandculturalresources.____18____.ButtheNPSnowhasitsownbranchoflawenforcement(執(zhí)法)officialswhoaretaskedwithprotectingthoseresourcesforandoftenfromparkvisitors.Thereismaintenancebacklog(積壓).____19____.Butthedonationsmaydropsharplyandraisethepossibilityofhandingtheparksovertoprivatecorporations.Withbudgetshortfallsandmaintenanceatall-timehighs,it’slikelythatthesesortsofpartnershipswillonlybecomemorelikelyinthefuture.Despitesomemajorconcerns,thefutureoftheNPSlookspromising.Witharenewedlevelofinterest,andthehelpofsomecorporatedonations,theparkswillbeprotectedforthenextcentury.____20____.A.ClimatechangewillaffectallparksB.YellowstoneNationalParkdeservesavisitC.TheNPStookalookbackatthelastcenturyD.ThemaintenanceburdenwillberemovedsoonE.Andtheymaylookdifferentinthenext100yearsF.ThoseareprotectedbytheNationalParkServiceastheydidyearsagoG.Atthemoment,donationsfromprivatecorporationsarelimitedtosignsandcertainexhibits【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.G20.E【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。美國國家公園管理局(NPS)舉行了為期一年的慶祝活動，慶祝其成立100周年。文章提出了它如今面臨的幾大問題。16題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itrecognizedthepreservationandprotectionofthe417parkserviceunits.Nowthatthosefestivitieshavewrappedup,it’stimetolooktowardwhatthenext100yearsmightlooklikeforthenation’sparks.(它承認對417個公園服務單位的保護和保護?，F(xiàn)在這些慶?；顒右呀?jīng)結(jié)束，是時候看看未來100年國家公園會是什么樣子了)”中的recognized以及thenext100years可推知，劃線處應該是這個國家公園過去的樣子。C項“國家公園管理局回顧了上個世紀”符合題意，邏輯合理。故選C項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“AtGoldenGateNationalRecreationAreainCalifornia,parkofficialsarepredictingheatwaves,coastalfloodingandhabitatdestructioninresponsetoclimatechange.(在加利福尼亞州的金門國家娛樂區(qū)，公園管理人員預測熱浪、沿海洪水和棲息地破壞將對氣候變化作出反應)”可知，本段主要介紹的問題之一是關(guān)于氣候變化的。A項“氣候變化將影響所有的公園?！狈项}意，適合作中心句。故選A項。18題詳解】前文提到“Visitorsbehavebadly.Today,visitorsstillaimtomaketheirmarkonthenaturalandculturalresources.(游客的不良行為。今天，游客仍然希望在自然和文化資源上留下自己的印記)”可知，本段介紹游客的不良行為。其中的thenaturalandculturalresources與F項“它們和幾年前一樣受到國家公園管理局的保護”中的those指代一致。并且F項引起下文“ButtheNPSnowhasitsownbranchoflawenforcement(執(zhí)法)officialswhoaretaskedwithprotectingthoseresourcesforandoftenfromparkvisitors.(但是國家公園管理局現(xiàn)在有了自己的執(zhí)法部門，負責保護這些資源免受游客的傷害)”，前后邏輯合理。故選F項。【19題詳解】G項“目前，來自私人公司的捐贈僅限于標志和某些展品”中的donation與后文“Butthedonationsmaydropsharplyandraisethepossibilityofhandingtheparksovertoprivatecorporations.(但是這些捐款可能會急劇減少，并且增加了將公園移交給私人公司的可能性)”中的donations敘述一致，邏輯合理。故選G項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Despitesomemajorconcerns,thefutureoftheNPSlookspromising.Witharenewedlevelofinterest,andthehelpofsomecorporatedonations,theparkswillbeprotectedforthenextcentury.(盡管有一些主要的擔憂，NPS的未來看起來很有希望。隨著人們興趣的恢復，再加上一些企業(yè)捐贈的幫助，這些公園將在下個世紀得到保護)”可知，本段主要討論NPS的未來還是有希望的，E項“在接下來的100年里，它們可能會有所不同。”就是對未來的展望，符合題意。故選E項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出填入空白處的最佳選項。Somepeoplearemoreunwillingtotakerisksastheyearsgoby.NotJessica,whoquitasecurejobandleftthecitytostepintothe___21___.Jessicachangedseveraljobsbefore___22___hercareerinbookpublishingandthenmagazines.OnedaysheandherpartnerAlanawereonaholidayinHobartwhenthey___23___somefriends.Thenextday,thefriendscalledJessicaandsuggested“Wethinkyoushouldbuyourhouse.ThenyoucanmovetoHobart.”Withno___24___ofchangingtheirlives,JessicaandAlanathoughtthiswas“entirelyridiculous”.Yettheirfriendsgotreallyexcitedtalkingaboutthe___25___ofsuchasuggestion.Atlast,Jessicadecidedtogiveitago.They___26___fromtheirjobsandmovedtoHobart.Theyhadspenttimewithscientistsworkinginvariousremote___27___.Theywonderediftheycouldmakealivingbyhelpingothersto___28___thoseuniqueplaces.ThencamethenewcompanyCuriousTraveller.“It___29___brilliantly.Scientistsgethelpersandfunding.Guestsgettoseewhatscientistsdoandhowtheworldis___30___becauseofit.Theyleaveexcitedand___31___,”Jessicasays.Thepair___32___havetosupplement(補充)theirincomeswithsomewritingandeditingbutthebusinessisgrowingandwithinfiveyearstheyhopetobehelping___33___halfadozenresearchprojects.It’sabigtask.“Somedayswethinkitwouldbegreatto___34___itoff,”Jessicasays,“butwhenweseethewonderonthefaceofapersonwhoisexperiencingsomewhereforthefirsttime,weknowwe’relivinga___35___life.”21.A.freedom B.unknown C.comfort D.tendency22.A.receiving B.linking C.recognizing D.finding23.A.cameacross B.cameabout C.camedown D.cameout24.A.qualification B.adaptation C.intention D.courage25.A.responsibilities B.competences C.possibilities D.difficulties26.A.removed B.resigned C.transformed D.suffered27.A.conditions B.occasions C.situations D.locations28.A.experience B.employ C.expand D.engage29.A.recalls B.works C.indicates D.gains30.A.affecting B.generating C.changing D.committing31.A.frustrated B.inspired C.confused D.depressed32.A.still B.again C.hardly D.never33.A.handle B.motivate C.donate D.fund34.A.turn B.set C.pay D.give35.A.graceful B.peaceful C.wonderful D.thoughtful【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.C26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C31.B32.A33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導語】本文是篇記敘文。隨著歲月的流逝，有些人越來越不愿意冒險。但杰西卡不是，她辭掉了一份穩(wěn)定的工作，離開了城市，踏入了未知的世界，和朋友一起創(chuàng)辦并發(fā)展了新的公司，收獲了美好的生活?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但杰西卡不是，她辭掉了一份穩(wěn)定的工作，離開了城市，踏入了未知的世界。A.freedom自由；B.unknown未知；C.comfort舒適；D.tendency傾向。根據(jù)上一句“Somepeoplearemoreunwillingtotakerisksastheyearsgoby.”（隨著歲月的流逝，有些人越來越不愿意冒險。）和本句中“NotJessica”可知，杰西卡是愿意冒險的，結(jié)合本句中“quitasecurejob”可知，她辭去了穩(wěn)定的工作，應該是進入了一個未知的領(lǐng)域，是有風險的。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：杰西卡換了好幾份工作，后來在圖書出版和雜志行業(yè)找到了自己的事業(yè)。A.receiving收到；B.linking連接；C.recognizing承認、認出；D.finding找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)本句中“Jessicachangedseveraljobs”可知，杰西并不知道自己想要從事什么樣的工作，所以在換過好幾次工作之后，才找到自己想要從事的事業(yè)。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有一天，她和她的同伴阿蘭娜在Hobart度假，偶然遇到了一些朋友。A.cameacross偶然遇到；B.cameabout發(fā)生、產(chǎn)生；C.camedown下來、下降；D.cameout出來、出版。根據(jù)句中“onaholiday”可知，她和同伴是在度假時偶然遇到了這些朋友。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：杰西卡和阿蘭娜無意改變自己的生活，認為這“完全荒謬”。A.qualification資格；B.adaptation適應、改編；C.intention目的、打算；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)句中“JessicaandAlanathoughtthiswas“entirelyridiculous””可知，杰西卡和阿蘭娜剛聽到這個建議時，認為是非?；闹嚨模f明她們起初是沒有改變現(xiàn)狀的打算的。故選C。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她們的朋友們非常興奮地談論著這個建議的可能性。A.responsibilities責任；B.competences能力；C.possibilities可能性；D.difficulties困難。根據(jù)下一句“Atlast,Jessicadecidedtogiveitago.”（最后，杰西卡決定試一試。）可知，杰西卡在與朋友討論了這一建議后決定一試，說明是有嘗試的可能性的，所以她們是討論了這一建議的可能性。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她們辭去了工作，搬到了Hobart。A.removed移除；B.resigned辭職；C.transformed轉(zhuǎn)變、轉(zhuǎn)換；D.suffered遭受。根據(jù)本句中的“movedtoHobart”及下文的“Theyhadspenttimewithscientistsworkinginvariousremote7.”（她們與在不同偏遠地區(qū)工作的科學家們一起度過了一段時間。）可知，她們接受了朋友們的建議，搬到了Hobart，與不同地區(qū)的科學家們一起工作，說明她們是辭去了原來的工作。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們與在不同偏遠地區(qū)工作的科學家們一起度過了一段時間。A.conditions條件；B.occasions時機、場合；C.situations形勢、情況；D.locations地點、位置。根據(jù)下一句“Theywonderediftheycouldmakealivingbyhelpingothersto8thoseuniqueplaces.”（她們想知道他們是否可以通過幫助別人體驗這些獨特的地方來謀生。）中的“thoseuniqueplaces”可知，空處應與“places”同義。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她們想知道她們是否可以通過幫助別人體驗這些獨特的地方來謀生。A.experience體驗、經(jīng)歷；B.employ雇傭；C.expand擴大、擴展；D.engage從事、參加。根據(jù)下文的“Guestsgettoseewhatscientistsdoandhowtheworldis10becauseofit.”（客人們可以看到科學家們在做什么，以及世界是如何因此而改變的。）和最后一段“butwhenweseethewonderonthefaceofapersonwhoisexperiencingsomewhereforthefirsttime,weknowwe’relivinga15life.”（但當我們看到一個人第一次體驗某個地方時臉上的驚奇時，我們就知道我們過著美好的生活。）中的“experiencesomewhere”可知，客人們可以在這些獨特的地方看到不同的事情、學習到不同的知識，有著不同的體驗。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它經(jīng)營得非常出色。A.recalls回憶；B.works工作、運行；C.indicates表明；D.gains獲得。根據(jù)前文的“ThencamethenewcompanyCuriousTraveller.”（然后，新公司CuriousTraveller出現(xiàn)了。）和下文的“Scientistsgethelpersandfunding.Guestsgettoseewhatscientistsdoandhowtheworldis10becauseofit.Theyleaveexcited”（科學家得到幫助和資金，客人們可以看到科學家們在做什么，以及世界是如何因此而改變的。他們興奮地離開）可知，新公司取得了非常好的成績，運行得非常出色。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：客人們可以看到科學家們在做什么，以及世界是如何因此而改變的。A.affecting影響；B.generating產(chǎn)生、引起；C.changing改變；D.committing委托。根據(jù)句中“whatscientistsdo”和“becauseofit”及常識可知，由于科學家