中考復習-“江南聯(lián)賽”一等獎

主謂一致

主謂一致是指主語和謂語必須保持人稱和數(shù)的變化一致，即句中謂語的變化形式要根據(jù)句子主語的人稱和數(shù)的形式?jīng)Q定。主謂一致通常遵循三個原則：語法一致、意義一致和就近一致原則。語法一致語法一致是指主語和謂語動詞在語法形式上保持一致，即主語是單數(shù)形式，其謂語動詞也用單數(shù)形式；主語是復數(shù)形式，其謂語動詞也用復數(shù)形式?？键c一：一般情況下，主語為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞、不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；主語為復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式?？键c二：動詞不定式或動詞-ing

形式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。1.Playingcomputergamestoooften_____badforus. A.am B.is C.are(2018湖南永州)【中考鏈接】2.Listen!Thelittlegirl_____singingintheroom. A./

B.are

C.is

(2017

黑龍江齊齊哈爾)CB3.Onegreatthingabout

Singapore,unlikemostotherAsiancountries,_____thatthetemperatureisalmostthesameallyearround. A.are

B.is

C.was

D.were

(2017

四川攀枝花)B4.Weallknowthatoneoftheworld’smostpopularsports_____football. A.am

B.is

C.are

(2017

貴州貴陽)B5.—There_____manyforeignstudentsinherclass.—Yes,Iknowtwoofthemare_____.A.are;Japanese B.is;AustralianC.are;Germany D.is,America(2017遼寧營口)A6.Oneofmyfriends_____movedtoAmerica.Imisshersomuch. A.has B.have C.are(2016湖南邵陽)A7.There_____somegoodadviceabouthowtoreduceairpollutionontheInternet. A.are B.is C.have(2016黑龍江齊齊哈爾)B考點三：不定代詞作主語1.

復合不定代詞anyone,anybody,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,noone,nobody,nothing作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2.neitherof.../none

of...

作主語時，謂語動詞用單、復數(shù)形式均可。3.either指“兩者之中任何一個”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。eitherof...

作主語時，謂語動詞用單、復數(shù)形式均可。4.each作同位語時，謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)形式取決于主語的數(shù)；eachof...

作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。1.EveryoneinmyclassexceptTomandMary_____toBeijing. A.havebeenB.havegone C.hasbeen(2018黑龍江齊齊哈爾)C【中考鏈接】2.—_____thereanythingnewintoday’sQianzhongMorningDaily?—No.Butthere_____someinspiringstoriesworthreading.A.Is;is B.Are;are C.Is;are D.Are;is(2017貴州安順)C3.—Whatwouldyoulike,coffeeortea?—Either_____OK.Idon'tmind.A.is B.are C.was(2015湖南郴州)A考點四：當用both...and...

連接并列主語時，謂語動詞常用復數(shù)形式。當and連接的兩個名詞表示兩個不同的概念時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；當表示同一人、同一物或同一個概念，或表示不可分的整體時，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。

考點五：當主語后面跟有with,except,including,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,inadditionto等詞語引導的短語時，謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)形式由主語的單、復數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。

1.BothMikeandI_____readyforthenewhighschoollife.A.be B.am C.is D.are(2018新疆)2.

She

with

her

mother

often_____hillsonSundays. A.

climbs B.

climb C.

climbed D.

to

climb(2018貴州銅仁)【中考鏈接】DA3.Mary_____ismyfriend,aswellashersisters,_____ChineseinChina. A.that;arestudying B.which;havestudied C.who;study D.who;studies(2017內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特)D4.EverybodyexceptMikeandLinda_____therewhenthemeetingbegan. A.are B.was C.were(2016四川自貢)B5.Mysisterwithmyparents_____dumplingswhenIgothomeyesterdayevening. A.aremaking B.ismaking C.wasmaking D.weremaking(2016甘肅蘭州)C考點六：一些由兩個部分構成的表示衣物或工具的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞常用復數(shù)形式，如shoes,trousers,clothes,scissors,chopsticks,glasses等。但如果這些名詞前有akindof,apairof,aseriesof等修飾時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。1.Thepairoftrousers_____me.I'lltakeit. A.fit B.fits C.willfit(2016黑龍江齊齊哈爾)【中考鏈接】B2.Thispairofshoes_____mewell,buttheshoes_____expensive.

A.fit;are

B.fits;are

C.fits;is(2014

四川巴中)B3.Thispairofpants_____mine.Yoursmay_____onthebed.

A.is;be

B.are;be

C.are;are(2014黑龍江綏化)A考點七：1.

“a(large/small)numberof+

復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

/

代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；“thenumberof+

復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

/

代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2.

“分數(shù)

/

百分數(shù)+of+

名詞”和“therest/mostof+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)由名詞決定。【中考鏈接】1.—Thenumberoftourists_____over33millionthisyear.—Yes.Alargenumberoftourists_____sofarbecauseofthenewlookofourcity. A.is,havecome B.is,hascome C.are,hascome D.are,havecome(2018甘肅天水)A2.Thenumberoftheelderly(老人)_____increasinginChina,andwiththedevelopmentofChinaeconomy,they_____bettercareofinthefuture. A.is;willtake B.are;aretaken C.is;willbetaken D.are;willtake（2018貴州安順）C3.—Howmany_____doctorsarethereinyourhospital,David？

—_____them_____overonehundred. A.woman;Thenumberof:is B.women;Anumberof;are C.woman;Anumberof;is D.women:Thenumberof;is(2017四川眉山)D4.—Mum,_____oftheapples_____gonebad.—We’dbettereatuptherestassoonaspossible.A.onethird;have B.onethirds;haveC.onethird;had D.firstthree;has(2017貴州安順)A5.There_____anumberofbooksinthelibraryandthenumberofthem_____increasing. A.has;is B.have;are C.are;is D.is;are(2016山東煙臺)C6.About_____oftheland_____coveredwithtreesandgrass. A.threefifths;is B.threefifths;are C.threefifth;are(2016黑龍江龍東地區(qū))A意義一致意義一致是指謂語動詞和主語的一致不是取決于主語的語法形式，而是由其意義決定?？键c一：當數(shù)詞做主語或當表示距離、金額、時間等復數(shù)名詞(詞組)作主語時，常將其看作一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。1.Twomonths_____alongtime.Wecanvisitourgrandparentsduringthevacation.A.am B.is C.are(2017四川宜賓)【中考鏈接】B2.—Mom,IwatchedTVforonlyfortyminutes.Sometimes_____TVisgoodforus.—Fortyminutes_____enough.Nowyoumustdoyourhomework.A.watch;isB.watching;wasC.watched;areD.watching;were(2015貴州黔南州)B3.Threemillion_____alargenumber.Youcanmakeit_____. A.are;small B.is;smaller C.is;small D.are;smaller(2015四川宜賓)B考點二：有些集體名詞常指復數(shù)的人或物，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式，如police；有些集體名詞作主語時，如果作為一個整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如果指集體中的成員，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式，如family,class,team,group,crowd等；當population意為“人口數(shù)量”時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；意為“全體居民”時，謂語動詞用單、復數(shù)形式均可。

1.Look!Thepolice_____thefoodontothebankoftheriver.A.amcarrying

B.iscarrying

C.arecarrying

D.arecarried【練習】C考點三：以-s結尾的單數(shù)名詞如news,physics,maths,politics等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

1.—Maths_____myfavouritesubject.Whataboutyou?—Physics_____.Ithinkit'sveryinteresting．

A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is【練習】A2.Ihopethere_____goodnewstonight. A.is

B.are

C.was

D.wereA考點四：1.

“the+

形容詞”表示一類人作主語時，謂語動詞常用復數(shù)形式。這類詞有thebrave,thepoor,therich,theblind,theyoung,theold,thesick,thedead等。2.

“the+

姓氏的復數(shù)形式”表示某一家人或夫婦兩人，其作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。1.Theyoung______hardtogetabetterlifethesedays.A.isworking

B.haveworked

C.hasworked

D.areworking【練習】D2.TheWhites______theholidayinEuropenextweek.A.isgoingtotake

B.aregoingtotakeC.takes

D.takeB考點五：定語從句中謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于其先行詞的單復數(shù)。【練習】—HaveyouwatchedtheTVplay“IntheNameofPeople”(人民的名義)？—It’sthemostpopularplay_____ourParty’stryingtostruggleagainstcorruption(反對腐敗). A.whereshow B.whichshow C.thatshows D.whoshows(2018四川達州)C就近一致就近一致是指謂語動詞的數(shù)要與其最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致?？键c一：以or,notonly...butalso...,either...or...,neither...nor...

等連接的名詞(或代詞)作主語時，謂語動詞要和離它最近的