2023年遼寧沈陽(yáng)計(jì)算技術(shù)研究所考研英語(yǔ)練習(xí)題100道（附答案解析）

年遼寧沈陽(yáng)計(jì)算技術(shù)研究所考研英語(yǔ)練習(xí)題100道（附答案解析）

第1題【單選題】After_____seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.A、whichB、itC、whatD、that【正確答案】C【答案解析】選項(xiàng)A，認(rèn)為介詞后應(yīng)接關(guān)系代詞which（但是，若填關(guān)系代詞，其前沒(méi)有先行詞）；B或D也不能選擇，因?yàn)榻樵~后可接what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，但通常不能跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句或沒(méi)有引導(dǎo)詞的從句。另一方面，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的that也不能充當(dāng)句子成分(句中的seemed缺主語(yǔ))。選C，what引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，用做介詞after的賓語(yǔ)，其中的what可理解為sometimethat。第2題【單選題】Onereasoniseconomic.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.Havingmorechildrenmeanshavingmoreworkersinthefieldsandsomeonetotakecareoftheparentsinoldage.Inanindustrialeconomy,thesituationisdifferent.Manychildrendonothelpafamily;instead,theyareanexpense.Thus,industrializationhasgenerallybroughtdownthebirthrate.ThiswasthecaseinItaly,whichwasindustrializedquiterecentlyandrapidly.Intheearlypartofthetwentiethcentury,Italywasapoor,largelyagriculturalcountrywithahighbirthrate.AfterWorldWarⅡ,Italy'seconomywasrapidlymodernizedandindustrialized.Bytheendofthecentury,thebirthratehaddroppedto1.3childrenperwoman,theworld'slowest.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,alargefamily_______.A、canbeanadvantageB、maylimitincomeC、isn’tnecessaryD、isexpensive【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。對(duì)照本段Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.大的家庭是有幫助的，選項(xiàng)中最接近意思的是A，成為一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，答案是A。第3題【單選題】Ifsomeoneaskedyou,"Whatcoloristhesky?"Iexpectthatyouwouldanswer,"Blue."Iamafraidthatyouwouldbewrong.Theskyhasnocolor.Whenweseeblue,wearelookingatbluesunlight.Thesunlightisshiningonlittlebitsofdustintheair.Weknowthatthereisairallaroundtheworld.Wecouldnotbreathewithoutair.Airplanescouldnotflywithoutair.Theyneedairtolifttheirwings.Airplanescannotflyveryhighbecauseastheygohighertheairgetsthinner.Ifwegofarenoughawayfromtheearth,wefindthereisnoair.Whenanairplanefliestoohigh,______.A、theairwillbetoothintosupportitswings.B、theairwillbecomethicker.C、theairwillexertpressureonitD、theairwilldisappearinnotime【正確答案】A【答案解析】文章第二段第三句"Airplanescannotflyveryhighbecauseastheygohighertheairgetsthinner."，因此對(duì)照答案為A。第4題【單選題】Whatmight_____forthisstrangephenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD、account【正確答案】D【答案解析】account解釋。第5題【單選題】OurneighborUncleJohnsonisastubbornman.Needlesstosay,wetried________tomakehimchangehismind.A、inshortB、insecretC、invainD、indanger【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是以in開(kāi)頭的介詞短語(yǔ)，因此考查的是詞組的辨析、理解與運(yùn)用。invain“白白地，徒勞”。根據(jù)題意，正確答案應(yīng)為C。第6題【單選題】Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_______yet.A、isnotdecidedB、arenotdecidedC、hasnotdecidedD、havenotdecided【正確答案】A【答案解析】Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory是主語(yǔ)，視作單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。同時(shí)這句話還要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以答案是A。第7題【單選題】Helencouldn’tgotoFranceafterall.That’stoobad.I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif________.A、she’sgoneB、she’llgoC、she’dgoneD、she’dgo【正確答案】C【答案解析】表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。第8題【單選題】Theexhibitionofpoorsportsmanship________asenseofdisgustinallwhowitnessedit.A、roseB、aroseC、arousedD、raised【正確答案】C【答案解析】同源動(dòng)詞辨析首先區(qū)分一下詞性，A、B兩詞為不及物動(dòng)詞，C、D兩詞為及物動(dòng)詞。再區(qū)分各詞的詞義：A)rose“升起，起來(lái)；起床，上升，上漲”；B)arose“出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生，起來(lái)”；C)aroused“激起，引起”；D)raised“抬起，舉起，提高；籌(錢(qián))；撫養(yǎng)”。第9題【單選題】Fortheirownsafety,householdpetsshouldbe[confined]totheirownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正確答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，約束。參考課文：為了自身安全，家養(yǎng)究物應(yīng)該關(guān)在主人自己的后院中。第10題【單選題】Manyyearspassedandtheyoungmanwasverysuccessfulinbusiness.Hehadabeautifulhomeandwonderfulfamily,butrealizedhisfatherwasveryold,andthoughtperhapsheshouldgotohim.Hehadnotseenhimsincethatgraduationday.Beforehecouldmakearrangementstoseehisfather,hereceivedatelegramtellinghimhisfatherhadpassedaway,andwilledallofhispossessionstohisson.Heneededtocomehomeimmediatelyandtakecarethings.Whenhearrivedathisfather’shouse,suddensadnessandregretfilledhisheart.Whentheyoungmanarrivedhome,hefelt_________.A、sadB、disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。年輕人回到家里，出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞sadness和regret，可以判斷年輕人的心情是非常傷心的。故選A。第11題【單選題】Alarge________ofthesunlightneverreachestheearthwhileinfra-redheatgivenoffbytheearthisallowedtoescapefreely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正確答案】B【答案解析】proportion“部分，份兒”，指部分與整體的關(guān)系，如：Alargeproportionofthedolphinsinthatareawilleventuallydie.根據(jù)題意，正確答案應(yīng)為B。第12題【單選題】"Scientificconservatismsuggeststhatabiologicalexplanationshouldbethelastchoiceafterallnon-biologicalexplanationsareaddressed,"Allensaid."Wehavealotofworktodotoruleout(排除……的可能性)possiblenon-biologicalexplanations.Itismorelikelythatachemicalprocess,withoutbiology,canexplaintheseresults."WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatAllensaid?A、ScientistshavedifferentargumentsoverwhetherthereislifeonTitan.B、ScientistsallagreethatthereislifeonTitan.C、Scientistsallsuggestthatabiologicalexplanationisreasonable.D、Scientistsallagreethatanon-biologicalchemicalreactionisapossibleexplanation.【正確答案】A【答案解析】推理判斷題。答題原則：和原文完全一樣的選項(xiàng)肯定不是答案，推理判斷題是對(duì)現(xiàn)象的推斷。題目中有絕對(duì)詞語(yǔ)allmusteverymerelyhavetobarelyonly一般是錯(cuò)誤的，排除BCD，根據(jù)Scientificconservatismsuggeststhatabiologicalexplanationshouldbethelastchoiceafterallnon-biologicalexplanationsareaddressed。推斷出科學(xué)家就Titan上是否有生命的的問(wèn)題觀點(diǎn)不同，與A一致。得到答案A。第13題【單選題】Whenthewhaleiskilled,theblubberisstrippedoffandboileddown,eitheronboardshiporonshore.A、當(dāng)鯨魚(yú)被殺死之后，鯨脂被剝下來(lái)熬油，有時(shí)候是在船上進(jìn)行的，有時(shí)候是在岸上進(jìn)行的。B、當(dāng)鯨魚(yú)被殺死之后，把鯨脂剝下來(lái)熬油，這項(xiàng)工作有的是在船上進(jìn)行的，有的是在岸上進(jìn)行的。C、鯨魚(yú)殺死之后，鯨脂被剝下來(lái)熬油，有時(shí)候是在船上進(jìn)行的，有時(shí)候是在岸上進(jìn)行的。D、鯨魚(yú)殺死之后，把鯨脂剝下來(lái)熬油，這項(xiàng)工作有的是在船上進(jìn)行的，有的是在岸上進(jìn)行的?！菊_答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處原文是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但譯文不一定說(shuō)“鯨魚(yú)被殺死之后”，不用“被”字仍可表示被動(dòng)的含義。第14題【單選題】Somewherearoundpuberty(發(fā)育；青春期),somethinghappensinthetimingofthebiologicalclock.(2)Theclockpushesforward,soadolescentsandteenagersareunabletofallasleepasearlyastheyusedto.Whenyourmothertellsyouit'stimeforbed,yourbodymaybepushingyoutostayupforseveralhoursmore.AndthelightcomingfromyourcomputerscreenorTVcouldbepushingyoutostayupevenlater.Whatisimpliedinthesecondparagraph?A、Youngchildren'sbiologicalclockhasthesamerhythmwiththatoftheteenagers.B、Peopleafterpubertybegintogotobedearlierduetothechangeofthebiologicalclock.C、Childrenbeforepubertytendtofallasleepearlieratnightthanadolescents.D、Teenagersgotobedlaterthantheyusedtoduetothelightfromthecomputerscreen.【正確答案】C【答案解析】推理判斷題，對(duì)應(yīng)原句Theclockpushesforward（推動(dòng)）,soadolescents（青年）andteenagersareunabletofallasleepasearlyastheyusedto.的含義是青年人以前睡覺(jué)還要早?？疾靧sedto（過(guò)去）的意思得到答案為C。第15題【單選題】GangXiaoandBenSchragatBrownUniversity,visualizethecurrentbymeasuringsubtle（細(xì)微的）changesinthemagneticfieldofanobjectand________.A、toshrinkittothesizeofadesktopcomputerB、tomakeitcapableofmeasuringveryweakchangesinmagneticfieldsC、aswellasrevealingmicroscopicdefectsinanythingfromaircrafttobanknotesD、convertingtheinformationintoacolorpictureshowingthedensityofcurrentateachpoint【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D?？崭袂暗腷y在句中引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)在句法結(jié)構(gòu)上并列的分詞短語(yǔ)：一個(gè)是measuringsubtle（細(xì)微的）changesinthemagneticfieldofanobject；另一個(gè)就是convertingtheinformationinto…，即：通過(guò)測(cè)量一個(gè)物體的磁場(chǎng)內(nèi)的細(xì)微變化和把信息轉(zhuǎn)化成顯示每一點(diǎn)電流強(qiáng)度的彩色圖片而使電流顯現(xiàn)。第16題【單選題】Thoughheisinhislatesixties,thewell-knownbiologistbeginseachday______asenseofadventureandasenseofcuriosity.A、inB、withC、ofD、at【正確答案】B【答案解析】考查介詞用法。beginwith從……開(kāi)始。第17題【單選題】Rhythminliteratureisamoreorlessregularoccurrenceofcertainelementsofwriting：aword,aphrase,anidea,asound,oragrammaticalconstruction.Wearealsoaccustomedtothisrecurrenceinthealternateheavyandlightbeatsinmusic.Ourloveforrhythmseemstobeinnate:witnesstheresponsesofasmallchildtolivelymusic.Childrenlovetobeatontoydrumsoremptyboxes.Theystamptheirfeetandchantnurseryrhymesornonsensesyllables,notunlikeprimitivedancers.Aschildrengrowolder,theyaretaughttorestraintheirresponsestorhythm,butourloveofrhythmremains.Weliveinrhythms;infactwearegovernedbyrhythms.Accordingtothepassage,anadult’sreactiontorhythminmusicwouldprobablybe_____.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。該題的解題依據(jù)在本段結(jié)尾部分“Aschildrengrowolder,theyaretaughttorestraintheirresponsestorhythm…”。作者講：隨著孩子的年齡逐漸增大，大人就會(huì)教他們抑制對(duì)節(jié)奏的反應(yīng)，等他們長(zhǎng)大之后，他們對(duì)音樂(lè)節(jié)奏的反應(yīng)，更可能受到抑制。第18題【單選題】Facinggrowingcostsandshrinkingtax________,thegovernmentisnowthreateningtocutfundingforenvironmentalprotectionprograms.A、budgetB、collectionC、profitD、revenue【正確答案】D【答案解析】revenue“收入，稅收”，尤指國(guó)家的歲入。根據(jù)題意，正確答案應(yīng)為D。第19題【單選題】Congress[assembles]togetherinJanuary.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正確答案】C【答案解析】[assembles]集合，聚集；裝配；收集；gather收集；收割；使…聚集；使…皺起。第20題【單選題】Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,________wasverykindofthem.A、whoB、whichC、thatD、it【正確答案】B【答案解析】非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常用which引導(dǎo),which表示前句話的整個(gè)含義。第21題【單選題】Themeeting_____nextweekwillbeofgreatimportance.A、tobeheldB、heldC、holdingD、isheld【正確答案】A【答案解析】謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，所以選不定式作定語(yǔ)，表將來(lái)。第22題【單選題】Youwillbe[liable]foranydamagecaused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正確答案】B【答案解析】be[liable]for有…責(zé)任；有…義務(wù)；responsible負(fù)責(zé)的，可靠的；有責(zé)任的。第23題【單選題】Frankfurt,Germany,isoneofthemost______populatedregionsofWestEurope.A、denselyB、vastlyC、enormouslyD、largely【正確答案】A【答案解析】densely稠密的。vastly廣泛的。enormously巨大的/龐大的。largely主要的/很大程度上。第24題【單選題】Onereasoniseconomic.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.Havingmorechildrenmeanshavingmoreworkersinthefieldsandsomeonetotakecareoftheparentsinoldage.Inanindustrialeconomy,thesituationisdifferent.Manychildrendonothelpafamily;instead,theyareanexpense.Thus,industrializationhasgenerallybroughtdownthebirthrate.ThiswasthecaseinItaly,whichwasindustrializedquiterecentlyandrapidly.Intheearlypartofthetwentiethcentury,Italywasapoor,largelyagriculturalcountrywithahighbirthrate.AfterWorldWarⅡ,Italy'seconomywasrapidlymodernizedandindustrialized.Bytheendofthecentury,thebirthratehaddroppedto1.3childrenperwoman,theworld'slowest.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,alargefamily_______.A、canbeanadvantageB、maylimitincomeC、isn’tnecessaryD、isexpensive【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。對(duì)照本段Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.大的家庭是有幫助的，選項(xiàng)中最接近意思的是A，成為一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，答案是A。第25題【單選題】Readersarerequiredto[complywith]therulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.A、evaluateB、memorizeC、protectD、observe【正確答案】D【答案解析】[complywith]服從，遵從。observe遵守，奉行。參考譯文：讀者被要求遵守圖書(shū)館規(guī)章并注意各自的行為規(guī)范。第26題解答題Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1）describethedrawingbriefly,2）interpretitsintendedmeaning,3）giveyourcomment.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.【參考范文】Ascanbeseeninthepictureabove,agroupofyoungstersarehavingapicniconalawn.Someofthemarecookingmeals,somefishing,whileotherschatting.Asthecaptionreads,“Itisimportantforpeopletokeepawayfrompollutionandreturntonature.”Whatthepictureadvocatesisamorebalancedandharmoniouslifestyle,whichhasincreasinglydrawntheattentionofpeopleofallages.Foronething,suchalifestylecanbringusfreshairandbrightsunshineinsteadofcontaminatedwaterandatmosphere.Foranotherthing,itnotonlyenhancesourvigor,butalsohelpsbringmoreenthusiasmtoourwork,especiallywhenwereturntothecity,wherewetrulybelong.ToSlimup,nothingismoreessentialthanabalancedandharmoniouslifeintoday’sworld.Inthisregard,researchersandexpertsmustplaytheirpart.Theyareexpectedtohelppeopleformgoodlivinghabitsinsteadofstickingtotobaccooralcohol.Meanwhile,peoplearesupposedtobeawarethatahealthyandwell-balancedlifestyleiscentralofallthings,especiallywhentheirfood,clothesandshelteraresecured.Tokeepoureverydaylifebalanced,harmoniousandcomfortable,weshouldtakeresponsibilitytokeepourenvironmentclean.Onlyinthatwaycanwereallyenjoythelifethatmothernaturebringstous.【正確答案】Ascanbeseeninthepictureabove,agroupofyoungstersarehavingapicniconalawn.Someofthemarecookingmeals,somefishing,whileotherschatting.Asthecaptionreads,“Itisimportantforpeopletokeepawayfrompollutionandreturntonature.”Whatthepictureadvocatesisamorebalancedandharmoniouslifestyle,whichhasincreasinglydrawntheattentionofpeopleofallages.Foronething,suchalifestylecanbringusfreshairandbrightsunshineinsteadofcontaminatedwaterandatmosphere.Foranotherthing,itnotonlyenhancesourvigor,butalsohelpsbringmoreenthusiasmtoourwork,especiallywhenwereturntothecity,wherewetrulybelong.ToSlimup,nothingismoreessentialthanabalancedandharmoniouslifeintoday’sworld.Inthisregard,researchersandexpertsmustplaytheirpart.Theyareexpectedtohelppeopleformgoodlivinghabitsinsteadofstickingtotobaccooralcohol.Meanwhile,peoplearesupposedtobeawarethatahealthyandwell-balancedlifestyleiscentralofallthings,especiallywhentheirfood,clothesandshelteraresecured.Tokeepoureverydaylifebalanced,harmoniousandcomfortable,weshouldtakeresponsibilitytokeepourenvironmentclean.Onlyinthatwaycanwereallyenjoythelifethatmothernaturebringstous.第27題【單選題】Manyresearchers,whoseworkdependsonoceansoundsobjecttoalimitofone-hundred-twentydecibels.Theysaysuchalimitisagreaterdangerthantheybelieved.Theywanttopreventnoisesfromharmingcreaturesintheocean.Accordingtothepassage,whatwillscientistsmostprobablydointhefuture?A、Theywillworkhardtoreduceoceannoisepollution.B、Theywillprotectanimalsfromharmfulnoises.C、Theywilltrytosetalimitof120decibels.D、Theywillstudytheeffectofoceannoisepollution.【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。Theywillprotectanimalsfromharmfulnoises.本段的最后一句話是答案的出處。第28題【單選題】Wehaveto[modify]ourplanalittlebit.A、reduceB、sufferC、adjustD、utilize【正確答案】C【答案解析】[modify]修改，修飾；更改；adjust調(diào)整，使…適合。第29題【單選題】Manyartists[express]theirworldviewintheirwork.A、presentB、preliminaryC、neglectD、necessity【正確答案】A【答案解析】[express]表達(dá)；present提出；介紹；呈現(xiàn)。第30題【單選題】—Jenny,howwasyourtriptoBeijing?—Oh,Imissedit.IwishI_____myvacationthere.A、amspendingB、willspendC、havespentD、hadspent【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣在wish引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的用法。從Imissedit可確定是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，所以從句中動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。第31題【單選題】Thepairoflegsthatcarriedhimrickety,andtherewasabiasinhisgaitwhichinclinedhimsomewhattotheleftofastraightline.A、支著他的兩條腿老是搖搖晃晃的，他走路的姿勢(shì)里，又總有一種傾斜的趨勢(shì)，使他或多或少地往一條直線的左邊歪。B、他的兩條腿搖搖晃晃的，他走路的步法又總是傾斜著，使他有點(diǎn)歪向一條直線的左邊。C、支著他的兩條腿搖搖晃晃的，他走路時(shí)又總是傾斜，使他有點(diǎn)往一條直線的左邊歪。D、支撐著他的兩條腿搖搖晃晃的，他走路時(shí)又總是傾斜，使他有點(diǎn)歪向一條直線的左邊。【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為選詞。文學(xué)作品語(yǔ)言生動(dòng)，其中選詞是一個(gè)重要方面。動(dòng)詞carry有許多含義。此處譯文具體化，譯作“支著”。第32題【單選題】GangXiaoandBenSchragatBrownUniversity,visualizethecurrentbymeasuringsubtle（細(xì)微的）changesinthemagneticfieldofanobjectand________.A、toshrinkittothesizeofadesktopcomputerB、tomakeitcapableofmeasuringveryweakchangesinmagneticfieldsC、aswellasrevealingmicroscopicdefectsinanythingfromaircrafttobanknotesD、convertingtheinformationintoacolorpictureshowingthedensityofcurrentateachpoint【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。空格前的by在句中引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)在句法結(jié)構(gòu)上并列的分詞短語(yǔ)：一個(gè)是measuringsubtle（細(xì)微的）changesinthemagneticfieldofanobject；另一個(gè)就是convertingtheinformationinto…，即：通過(guò)測(cè)量一個(gè)物體的磁場(chǎng)內(nèi)的細(xì)微變化和把信息轉(zhuǎn)化成顯示每一點(diǎn)電流強(qiáng)度的彩色圖片而使電流顯現(xiàn)。第33題【單選題】Spidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink,norevennearlyrelatedtothem.A、正如許多人認(rèn)為的那樣，蜘蛛并不是昆蟲(chóng)，甚至和昆蟲(chóng)一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有。B、蜘蛛并不像許多人認(rèn)為的那樣是昆蟲(chóng)，它和昆蟲(chóng)一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有。C、正如許多人認(rèn)為的那樣，蜘蛛就是昆蟲(chóng)，和昆蟲(chóng)密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像許多人認(rèn)為的那樣不是昆蟲(chóng)，它和昆蟲(chóng)一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有?！菊_答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。本題需要注意asmanypeoplethink，表示的是“許多人認(rèn)為蜘蛛是昆蟲(chóng)”；此外nor在此處表示的是否定，即“它和昆蟲(chóng)一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有”。第34題【單選題】Thepairoflegsthatcarriedhimrickety,andtherewasabiasinhisgaitwhichinclinedhimsomewhattotheleftofastraightline.A、支著他的兩條腿老是搖搖晃晃的，他走路的姿勢(shì)里，又總有一種傾斜的趨勢(shì)，使他或多或少地往一條直線的左邊歪。B、他的兩條腿搖搖晃晃的，他走路的步法又總是傾斜著，使他有點(diǎn)歪向一條直線的左邊。C、支著他的兩條腿搖搖晃晃的，他走路時(shí)又總是傾斜，使他有點(diǎn)往一條直線的左邊歪。D、支撐著他的兩條腿搖搖晃晃的，他走路時(shí)又總是傾斜，使他有點(diǎn)歪向一條直線的左邊?！菊_答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)為選詞。文學(xué)作品語(yǔ)言生動(dòng)，其中選詞是一個(gè)重要方面。動(dòng)詞carry有許多含義。此處譯文具體化，譯作“支著”。第35題【單選題】Youdon’thaveto_____meofanything.A、transformB、upsetC、spoilD、persuade【正確答案】D【答案解析】persuade說(shuō)服，勸說(shuō)；使某人相信；勸某人做（不做）某事。第36題【單選題】Wehaveto[modify]ourplanalittlebit.A、reduceB、sufferC、adjustD、utilize【正確答案】C【答案解析】[modify]修改，修飾；更改；adjust調(diào)整，使…適合。第37題【單選題】Youconsiderthatyoucan’tfindyourplaceinyourowncountry,soyouriskthecomfortablebutmodestlifewithyourparentsandyougoabroad.Maybetherewillbemomentswhenyoucan’tstandthelonelinessanymore,thestrangersaroundyou,oryourjob.Butyouremembernobodymadeyoutakethatdecision,soyoutakeadeepbreath,andyougoon,asyouaretheonlyonetobeblamed.Whenyouarelonelyinaforeigncountry,youshould________.A、changeyourdecisionB、blameyourparentsforitC、sticktoyourdecisionandgoonD、makemorefriends【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。根據(jù)文章本段中Butyouremembernobodymadeyoutakethatdecision,soyoutakeadeepbreath,andyougoon…可知答案。作者認(rèn)為你出國(guó)后可能會(huì)面臨各種困難，面對(duì)周?chē)哪吧?、工作，你可能?huì)感到孤獨(dú)，但是仔細(xì)想想這個(gè)決定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后繼續(xù)。第38題【單選題】Druguseaccountsfor[approximately]three-quartersofallreportedcasesofHIVinthecountry.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正確答案】B【答案解析】[approximately]大致地，近似地。roughly大體上，大致上。參考譯文：在那個(gè)國(guó)家，在所報(bào)道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者約占75%。第39題【閱讀理解】(1)Themostcommontheoryofperceptionisna?verealisminwhichpeoplebelievethatwhattheyperceiveisthingsinthemselves.Childrendevelopthistheoryasaworkinghypothesisofhowtodealwiththeworld.①[Manypeoplewhohavenotstudiedbiologycarrythistheoryintoadultlifeandregardtheirperceptiontobetheworlditselfratherthanapatternthatoverlaystheformoftheworld.]ThomasReidtookthistheoryastepfurther.Herealizedthatsensationwascomposedofasetofdatatransfersbutdeclaredthatthesewereinsomewaytransparentsothatthereisadirectconnectionbetweenperceptionandtheworld.ThisideaiscalledDirectRealism.DirectRealismhasbecomepopularinrecentyearswiththeriseofPostmodernismandBehaviorism.②DirectRealismdoesnotclearlyspecifythenatureofthebitoftheworldthatisanobjectinperception,especiallyincaseswheretheobjectissomethinglikeashadow.(2)③Thesuccessionofdatatransfersthatareinvolvedinperceptionsuggeststhatsomewhereinthebrainthereisafinalsetofactivity,calledsensedata.Perceptionwouldthenbesomeformofbrainactivityandsomehowthebrainwouldbeabletoperceiveitself.Thisconceptisknownasindirectrealism.InIndirectRealismitisheldthatwecanonlybeawareofexternalobjectsbybeingawareofrepresentationsofobjects.ThisideawasheldbyJohnLockeandImmanuelKant.Thecommonargumentagainstindirectrealismisthatitimpliesahomunculuswhereitappearsasifthemindisseeingthemindinanendlesscircle.Thisargumentassumesthatperceptionisentirelyduetodatatransferandclassicalinformationprocessing.④Thisassumptionishighlycontentiousandtheargumentcanbeavoidedbyproposingthattheperceptisaphenomenonthatdoesnotdependwhollyuponthetransferandrearrangementofdata.(3)Directrealismandindirectrealismareknownas“realist”theoriesofperceptionbecausetheyholdthatthereisaworldexternaltothemind.Directrealismholdsthattherepresentationofanobjectislocatednextto,orisevenpartof,theactualphysicalobjectwhereasindirectrealismholdsthattherepresentationofanobjectisbrainactivity.⑤Directrealismproposessomeasyetunknowndirectconnectionbetweenexternalrepresentationsandthemindwhileindirectrealismrequiressomefeatureofmodernphysicstocreateaphenomenonthatavoidsinfiniteregress.”【正確答案】許多沒(méi)有學(xué)過(guò)生物學(xué)的人直到成年階段還相信這個(gè)理論，（0.5分）認(rèn)為自己所認(rèn)識(shí)的就是世界本身而不是罩在世界存在形式上面的一種模式。（1分）/（整句結(jié)構(gòu)通順0.5分）【答案解析】（1）句子整體上采用順譯法，局部采用包孕法（定語(yǔ)前置）。（2）who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句采用包孕前置手法。短語(yǔ)carrythistheoryintoadultlife部分需要意譯為“到成年之后還相信這一理論”。（3）名詞perception理解為“認(rèn)識(shí)，觀念，看法”。（4）動(dòng)詞overlay理解為“覆蓋的上面”。that限制性定語(yǔ)采用前置包孕法。【正確答案】直接現(xiàn)實(shí)主義并不明確肯定世界的一個(gè)小的組成部分的本質(zhì)，（1分）而這個(gè)部分只是被感知的對(duì)象，尤其是當(dāng)這一物體僅僅像個(gè)影子的時(shí)候。（0.5分）/（整句結(jié)構(gòu)通順0.5分）【答案解析】（1）整個(gè)基本采用順譯法。（2）動(dòng)詞specify理解為“具體指明，明確說(shuō)明”（tostateitordescribeitprecisely,sothatitisclearwhichofseveralthingsyoumean）。（3）thatisanobjectinperception作定語(yǔ)從句修飾abit，定語(yǔ)從句在這包含轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。（4）名詞shadow在這轉(zhuǎn)化為“影子，表象”?！菊_答案】認(rèn)知過(guò)程中數(shù)據(jù)的連續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換表明，（1分）大腦某處已經(jīng)有一個(gè)叫做“感覺(jué)材料”的最終活動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。（1分）/（整句結(jié)構(gòu)不通順-0.5分）【答案解析】（1）整句基本采用順譯法。（2）thatareinvolvedinperception定語(yǔ)從句采用前置方法。（3）名詞successionofdatatransfer在漢語(yǔ)譯文重新調(diào)整順序，轉(zhuǎn)化為“數(shù)據(jù)的連續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換”。（4）由于sensedata是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的成分，所以在一文中需要在“感覺(jué)材料”上加上引號(hào)?！菊_答案】這一假設(shè)極具爭(zhēng)議性，（0.5分）而只要我們提出感知是一種并不完全依賴(lài)數(shù)據(jù)（材料）的轉(zhuǎn)換和重新組合的現(xiàn)象，（0.5分）那么這一論點(diǎn)就不會(huì)被涉及。（0.5分）/（整句結(jié)構(gòu)通順0.5分）【答案解析】本句較難。（1）整句基本采用順譯法。（2）thisassumption照應(yīng)上一個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容。（3）在轉(zhuǎn)化被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)“theargumentcanbeavoided”時(shí)，由于by引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)太復(fù)雜，所以采用增加“我們，人們”作主語(yǔ)，以增強(qiáng)譯文的通順性。（4）that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾phenomenon一詞，需要前置包孕以增強(qiáng)譯文的邏輯性?！菊_答案】直接現(xiàn)實(shí)主義認(rèn)為在外部表象和內(nèi)心之間存在著某種尚不為人知的聯(lián)系，（1分）而非直接現(xiàn)實(shí)主義則要求現(xiàn)代物理學(xué)的某一特定功能來(lái)創(chuàng)造一種可以避免無(wú)限倒退的現(xiàn)象。（1分）/（整句結(jié)構(gòu)不通順-0.5分）【答案解析】（1）整句采用順譯的方式，連詞while引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)分句之間存在對(duì)比關(guān)系。（2）asyet含否定意義，“迄今為止尚未”。（3）feature一詞理解為“特定功能”。（4）thatavoidsindefiniteregress需要前置包孕放置到“現(xiàn)象”前面。第40題【單選題】OnaSeptemberdayin1991,twoGermanswereclimbingthemountainsbetweenAustriaandItaly.Highuponamountainpass，theyfoundthebodyofamanlyingontheice.Atthatheight（10,499feet，or3,200meters），theiceisusuallypermanent，but1991hadbeenanespeciallywarmyear.Themountainicehadmeltedmorethanusualandsothebodyhadcometothesurface.Itwaslyingfacedownward.Theskeletonwasinperfectcondition,exceptforawoundinthehead.Therewasstillskinonthebonesandtheremainsofsomeclothes.Thehandswerestillholdingthewoodenhandleofanaxandonthefeettherewereverysimpleleatherandclothboots.Nearbywasapairofglovesmadeoftreebark（樹(shù)皮）andaholderforarrows.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A、TheIcemanlivedapoorlife.B、TheIcemancouldhavediedfromthewoundinthehead.C、TheIcemanwasstruckdeadfrombehind.D、TheIcemanwaskilledwhileworking.【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。推理判斷的答案不會(huì)偏離主題，但答案在文章中肯定沒(méi)有。長(zhǎng)選項(xiàng)可以作為答案的參考。第41題【單選題】Youdon’thaveto_____meofanything.A、transformB、upsetC、spoilD、persuade【正確答案】D【答案解析】persuade說(shuō)服，勸說(shuō)；使某人相信；勸某人做（不做）某事。第42題【單選題】Thisishowarocketworks.Itisnotmadeofrubberlikeaballoon,ofcourse.Itismadeofmetal.Themetalmustnotbeheavybutitmustbeverystrong.Thereisgasinsidetherocketwhichismadeveryhot.Whenitrushesoutoftheendoftherocket,therocketispushedupintotheair.Arocketispushedupintotheairwhen______.A、hotgasrushesoutofitsheadB、itispoweredbygasC、hotgasrushesoutofitsbottomD、hotgasrushesoutofitsneck【正確答案】C【答案解析】請(qǐng)看到最后一句話"Whenitrushesoutoftheendoftherocket."第43題【單選題】DuringthesepastfewyearsIusedAssociatedContenttotrywriting.Ifoundwritingforthatsitewasnotmycupoftea.However,myexperiencetherewaspositiveasIwasrewardedwithevenmorelearningopportunitiesjustbydippingmytoesintothewater.ThroughAssociatedContentIwasintroducedtotheworldofblogging.Idecidedtolearnhowtosetupablogmyself.NowI’minterestedinbloggingandcontinuetoworkasawriter.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofusingthesiteAssociatedContent?A、TowriteforthesiteYahoo!ContributorNetwork.B、Toknowmoreaboutotherwriters.C、Tohaveoneofhisarticlespublished.D、Tobecomeanetworkwriter.【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。根據(jù)本段的Idecidedtolearnhowtosetupablogmyself.NowI’minterestedinbloggingandcontinuetoworkasawriter確定D答案。A選項(xiàng)是作者偶然獲得的結(jié)果，并非剛開(kāi)始寫(xiě)作時(shí)的目的，可排除；B選項(xiàng)不是作者的目的；C選項(xiàng)是作者兩年前已經(jīng)取得的成果，無(wú)需再定為自己目標(biāo)。第44題【單選題】Thistrainwill[terminate]atSheffield.A、endB、sympathyC、campaignD、attribute【正確答案】A【答案解析】[terminate]使終止；使結(jié)束；解雇；end結(jié)束，終止；終結(jié)。第45題【單選題】Actuallyindustrycanv[ary]agooddealoverthecenturies.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正確答案】A【答案解析】v[ary]改變；improve改善，增進(jìn)；提高…的價(jià)值。第46題【單選題】Thehurricanewasincredibly[devastating]andleftthousandshomeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD、dangerous【正確答案】C【答案解析】[devastating]毀滅性的。destructive破壞（或毀滅）性的。參考譯文：颶風(fēng)以其難以令人置信的破壞力使得成千上萬(wàn)的人無(wú)家可歸。第47題【單選題】Spidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink,norevennearlyrelatedtothem.A、正如許多人認(rèn)為的那樣，蜘蛛并不是昆蟲(chóng)，甚至和昆蟲(chóng)一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有。B、蜘蛛并不像許多人認(rèn)為的那樣是昆蟲(chóng)，它和昆蟲(chóng)一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有。C、正如許多人認(rèn)為的那樣，蜘蛛就是昆蟲(chóng)，和昆蟲(chóng)密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像許多人認(rèn)為的那樣不是昆蟲(chóng)，它和昆蟲(chóng)一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有?！菊_答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。本題需要注意asmanypeoplethink，表示的是“許多人認(rèn)為蜘蛛是昆蟲(chóng)”；此外nor在此處表示的是否定，即“它和昆蟲(chóng)一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有”。第48題【單選題】She’stoothin.She______gainsomeweightbutshe______toolittle.A、would,ateB、will,eatsC、would,eatsD、will,ate【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。根據(jù)句首的信息，“她瘦”是客觀事實(shí)，所以她“吃得少”也應(yīng)是事實(shí)，因此第二空應(yīng)填eats(即用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的事實(shí))。根據(jù)上面的分析：“她瘦”和“她吃得少”均為現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)，那么“她體重會(huì)增加”就應(yīng)是假設(shè)(注意句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but)，所以第一空應(yīng)填would，其實(shí)，此句可理解為其后省略了一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)ifsheatemore(如果她多吃一點(diǎn)的話)。此題最佳答案選C。第49題【單選題】Hesmiled,withthe[implication]thathedidn’tbelieveme.A、革新B、暗指，含義C、刺激，推動(dòng)D、改進(jìn)【正確答案】B【答案解析】[implication]n.含義；暗示；牽連，卷入；可能的結(jié)果，影響。第50題【單選題】Mymindwasn’tonwhathe______soI’mafraidImissedhalfofit.A、wassayingB、hadsaidC、wouldsayD、hassaid【正確答案】A【答案解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：我剛才沒(méi)有注意他正在講什么。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)相對(duì)于現(xiàn)在，表示過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生什么，對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有任何影響。第51題【單選題】Shetookherinherarmsandtriedto[comfort]her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正確答案】D【答案解析】[comfort]使（痛苦等）緩和；ease減輕，緩和。第52題【單選題】ApretextwasthelastthingthatHastingswaslikelytowant.A、最后，哈丁斯好像需要一個(gè)借口。B、哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。C、最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那個(gè)東西就是借口。D、借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的東西?！菊_答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。thatHastingswaslikelytowant是一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，是對(duì)thelastthing的修飾。而且在本題中特別需要注意的是不能直接根據(jù)句子翻譯為：最后需要的東西，句子表達(dá)的是一種否定的含義，最后才需要的也就是說(shuō)他可能不需要任何借口。因此本題答案為B。第53題【單選題】Itisour________policythatwewillachieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans.A、consistentB、continuousC、considerateD、continual【正確答案】A【答案解析】通過(guò)和平方式獲得統(tǒng)一是我們一貫的政策。consistent“持之以恒的”；continuous“持續(xù)的，不間斷的”；considerate“周到的”；continual“時(shí)斷時(shí)續(xù)的。答案選A。第54題【單選題】LateoneSundayafternooninSeptember1999,OseolaMcCarty,an