高中英語 unit3 section2《learning about language》練習(xí) 新人教版選修8

Unit3SectionⅡⅠ．用本單元所學(xué)單詞填空1．The________(嚴(yán)寒的)weatherchilledmetothebone．2．The________(蔬菜水果商)triedtosellmywifesomeoverripefruit．3．Iusedmydriver'slicenseasi________．4．Icanfindhistelephonenumberinthetelephoned________．5．Putinthemoneybefored________．6．Thecropsweredrownedbytheheavyr________．7．Theyhaveimprisonedan________(清白的，無辜的)man．8．The15thofthefirstmonthinthelunarcalendarintheL________Festival．9．She________(忍受)painwithgreatcourage．10．Icannotbearthetrafficj________．答案：1．freezing2．greengrocer3．identification4．directory5．dialing6．rainfall7．innocent8．Lantern9．bears10．jamⅡ．完成句子1．由我?guī)Т蟮乃呐畠含F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)開始工作了。Herdaughter________________________________hasbeguntoworknow．2．那個(gè)受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平靜下來了。The________________sooncalmeddown．3．他不想讓這樣的問題在會(huì)上討論。He________________________________________atthemeeting．4．屋外景色迷人，白雪覆蓋著大地。Theoutsidesightlooksbeautiful________________________________________．5．他們準(zhǔn)備讓人把門廳粉刷成白色。Theyaregoingto________________________________________white．6．湯姆聽起來對(duì)這份工作非常感興趣，但是我不確定是否他能做好。Tom________________________________thejob，butI'mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit．答案：1．broughtupbyme2．inspiredsoldier3．won'tlikesuchquestionsdiscussed4．witheverythingcoveredwithsnow5．havetheentrancehallpainted6．soundsveryinterestedinⅢ．用恰當(dāng)詞語或形式填空1．—Howlonghaveyoubeenstudyinginthisseniorhighschool？—Lessthantwoyearsandahalf．—Soitwillbehalfayear________yougraduatefromthisschool．答案：before考查before的用法。句意：——你在這所高中學(xué)習(xí)有多長時(shí)間了？——不到兩年半。——那么半年后你才高中畢業(yè)。It＋be＋時(shí)間段＋before句型表示“……之后才……”。根據(jù)句意和此句型，填before。2．ThePresidenthasto________theblame．答案：bear考查動(dòng)詞詞義。句意：總統(tǒng)難辭其咎。beartheblame“受責(zé)備”。3．Hestillhadnotthecourageto________(靠近)her．答案：approach4．I________with(產(chǎn)生共鳴)theheroineofthenovel．答案：identified考查動(dòng)詞在具體語境中的使用。句意：我與小說中的那個(gè)女主人公感同身受。identifywithsb．“與……產(chǎn)生共鳴”。5．Whatdoyouthinkoftheparty________(hold)lastweek？答案：held考查非謂語作定語的用法。句意：你認(rèn)為上周舉行的晚會(huì)怎么樣？分析句子成分可知，橫線處作定語，又因?yàn)閠heparty與hold之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表完成，所以填held。6．Generallyspeaking，pricesofdailygoods________(buy)throughtheInternetarelowerthanstoreprices．答案：bought考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：總的來說，從網(wǎng)上購買的日常用品的價(jià)格要低于從商店購買的價(jià)格。buy和其邏輯主語goods是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用過去分詞表被動(dòng)。7．Children________(expose)todifficultsituationsarebetterathandlingthose________(challenge)tasks．答案：exposed；challenging考查分詞作定語的用法。expose．．．to意思是：讓……接觸……。children與expose之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作定語，表被動(dòng)；第二空后的tasks是表示物的名詞，所以用challenging，意思為“富有挑戰(zhàn)的”。8．Mostcompanies'marketingeffortisfocusedongettingcustomers，withlittleattention________(pay)tokeepingthem．答案：paid考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：大部分公司的營銷工作以贏得顧客為中心，而很少注意留住他們。本句的后半句是介詞with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，attention和pay之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。9．Theywillhaveyou________(arrest)ifyoudon'tpaytaxes，becauseitiseveryone'sdutytopaytaxes．答案：arrested考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。havesb．done中，過去分詞表被動(dòng)，表示“某人被……”。這里是被捕，所以填arrested。10．Inoticedmylittleson________(read)thewords________(write)onhissmallblackboard．答案：read；written考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：我注意到我的小兒子在讀寫小黑板上的單詞。noticesb．dosth．“看見某人做某事”；words和write之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作定語，修飾words。Ⅳ．閱讀理解AOntariochildrenaresupposedtoget20minutesofexerciseatschooleverydaytoboosttheirheartratesandimprovefitness．Butanewstudysuggestsschoolsarefallingshortoftherequirement，despiterisinghealthconcernsoverkidswhoarefatterandmoreinactivethaneverbefore．UniversityofTorontoresearcherstrackedalmost900studentsin16Torontoelementaryschoolsandfoundthatfewerthanhalfweregettingthedailyphysicalactivity(DPA)eachday．Nooneofthestudents，ages10through12，gotafull20minutesofsustainedexercise．“Theresultsshowthatthemajorityofschoolsarenotmeetingtherequiredfrequency(fivedays)orintensity(atleast20minutes)oftheDPApolicy，”theresearchersconcluded．Theresearchsuggeststhepracticecanmakeadifference．Kidswhodidgettherequireddailyexerciseweremoreactivethantheirpeers．Thosewhohadatleastonebout(場)ofvigorousactivitywerealsomorelikelytomeettheexerciseguidelinesforkidsandwerelesslikelytobeoverweight．Thefindingslikelywon'tcomeasasurprisetomanyeducators．Lastmonththeannualsurveybytheresearchreportedthatmanyschoolsdescribedthedailyexerciseas“alowpriority”inanalreadypackedschoolday．Schoolprincipalssurveyedsaidtheystruggledtodeliveritbecauseofinsufficientequipment，space，teachertrainingandcommitment．TorontoteacherKarynAwreymakesitaprioritybecauseshesaysthetrade-offsareworthitforherGrade3studentsatSwanseaPublicSchool．Theyarebetterabletofocusandlearnwhentheygetregularexercise．Awreysaysshe'sluckybecausekidsatherschoolgetexercisetwiceaweekfromagymteacherandswimmingonceaweekinthenearbycommunitycenter．Ontheotherdays，shegetsthemhuffing_and_puffingoutside，intheclassroomorinthegymatfitnessstations．文章大意：一項(xiàng)調(diào)查的結(jié)果顯示，大多數(shù)在校學(xué)生每周鍛煉的時(shí)間不足五天，每天連續(xù)鍛煉的時(shí)間不到二十分鐘，這對(duì)學(xué)生的健康十分不利。專家認(rèn)為，適當(dāng)?shù)腻憻捠潜匾摹?．AccordingtotheDPApolicy，thestudents________．A．mayhavemanyhealthproblemsB．shouldgetenoughdailyexerciseC．havetogotoschooleverydayD．mustexerciselessthan20minutes答案：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可以推知，DPA的政策要求學(xué)生每天應(yīng)該進(jìn)行足夠的鍛煉。2．ThestudentsatSwanseaPublicSchool________．A．havebenefitedalotfromregularexerciseB．a(chǎn)reforcedtodomoreexerciseeverydayC．needn'tworkhardattheirlessonsatallD．havetherighttodowhatevertheylike答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句可以推知，這所學(xué)校的學(xué)生經(jīng)常進(jìn)行身體鍛煉后受益良多。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“huffingandpuffing”inthelastparagraphprobablymean？A．Learningfromeachother．B．Joininginallkindsofactivities．C．Shoutingandlaughingalot．D．Performingataskincooperation．答案：B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段首句可知，Awrey的學(xué)生會(huì)參加一些鍛煉身體的活動(dòng)，故畫線短語的意思應(yīng)該是“參加活動(dòng)”。BHowfitareyourteeth？Areyoulazyaboutbrushingthem？Neverfear：Aninventorisonthecase．Anelectrictoothbrushsenseshowlongandhowwellyoubrush，anditletsyoutrackyourperformanceonyourphone．TheKolibreetoothbrushwasexhibitedattheInternationalConsumerElectronicsShowinLasVegasthisweek．ItsenseshowitismovedandcansendtheinformationtoanAndroidphoneoriPhoneviaaBluetoothwirelessconnection．Thetoothbrushwillbeabletoteachyoutobrushright(don'tforgettheinsidesoftheteeth！)andmakesureyou'rebrushinglongenough．“It'skindoflikehavingadentistactuallywatchyourbrushingonaday-to-daybasis，”saysThomasServal，theFrenchinventor．Thetoothbrushwillalsobeabletotalktootherapplicationsonyourphone，sodeveloperscould，forinstance，createagamecontrolledbyyourtoothbrush．Youcouldscorepointsforbeatingmonstersamongyourteeth．“Wetrytomakeitsmartbutalsofun，”Servalsays．Servalsayshewasinspiredbyhisexperienceasafather．Hewouldcomehomefromworkandaskhiskidsiftheyhadbrushedtheirteeth．Theysaid“yes，”butServalwouldfindtheirtoothbrushheadsdry．Hedecidedheneededabrushthatreallytoldhimhowwellhischildrenbrushed．ThecompanysaystheKolibreewillgoonsalethissummer，for$99to$199，dependingonfeatures．TheU．S．isthefirsttargetmarket．Servalsaysthatoneday，it'llbepossibletoreplacethebrushonthehandlewithabrushingunitthatalsohasacamera．Thecameracanevenexamineholesinyourteethwhileyoubrush．文章大意：本文主要講述了一種新式牙刷及其多種功能。4．WhichisoneofthefeaturesoftheKolibreetoothbrush？A．Itcansensehowusersbrushtheirteeth．B．Itcantrackusers'schoolperformance．C．Itcandetectusers'fearofseeingadentist．D．Itcanhelpusersfindtheirphones．答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的第四句話可知，牙刷檢測刷牙的時(shí)間和好壞。故選A項(xiàng)。5．WhatcanwelearnfromServal'swordsinParagraph3？A．Youwillfinditenjoyabletoseeadentist．B．Youshouldseeyourdentistonaday-to-daybasis．C．YoucanbrushwiththeKolibreeasifguidedbyadentist．D．You'dlikeadentisttowatchyoubrushyourteetheveryday．答案：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的It'skindoflikehavingadentistactuallywatchyourbrushingonaday-to-daybasis可知答案。6．WhichofthefollowingmightmaketheKolibreetoothbrushfun？A．Itcanbeusedtoupdatemobilephones．B．Itcanbeusedtoplaymobilephonegames．C．Itcansendmessagestootherusers．D．Itcantalktoitsdevelopers．答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的createagamecontrolledbyyourtoothbrush可知答案。7．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout？A．HowServalfoundouthiskidsliedtohim．B．WhyServalthoughtbrushingteethwasnecessary．C．HowServaltaughthiskidstobrushtheirteeth．D．WhatinspiredServaltoinventthetoothbrush．答案：D段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段的第一句話hewasinspiredby．．．可知第五段主要講述了他制作牙刷的靈感。8．WhatcanweinferaboutServal'schildren？A．Theywereunwillingtobrushtheirteeth．B．Theyoftenfailedtocleantheirtoothbrushes．C．Theypreferredtouseatoothbrushwithadryhead．D．TheylikedbrushingtheirteethafterServalcamehome．答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段孩子的假裝已刷牙，可知他們并不愿意刷牙。9．WhatcanwelearnaboutthefuturedevelopmentoftheKolibree？A．Thebrushhandlewillberemoved．B．Amobilephonewillbebuiltintoit．C．Itwillbeusedtofillholesinteeth．D．Itwillbeabletocheckusers'teeth．答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Thecameracanexamineholesinyourteethwhileyoubrush可知牙刷具有檢查功能。Ⅴ．七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。DoyouhaveaLED(發(fā)光二極管)inyourpocket？Chancesareyoumightsayno—notrealizingthatyourcellphonehasascreenlitbyLEDs！LEDs(orlight-emittingdiodes)arebrighteningupourtelevisions，computerscreens，cellphonesandnearlyeveryelectronicproductweusetoday．__1__Notjustthat．LEDsproducebrightwhitelight，useenergyefficiently，lastmuchlongerandareenvironmentallyfriendly．__2__ItisnowonderthattheNobelCommitteehasawardedthe2014PhysicsPrizetothreescientistswhodevelopedtheblueLED—ProfessorsShujiNakamura，IsamuAkasakiandHiroshiAmano．Electricbulbshavecomealongwayfromthefirstincandescentbulb(白熾燈)developedbyThomasEdisonin1879．ThencametheCFLbulb(緊湊型熒光燈)．Themercurymolecules(水銀分子)insideaCFLtubecanbeexcitedbypassingelectricity，andsendlight．CFLbulbsaremoreefficientthantheincandescentones．__3__Forone，thebulbsareexpensive，andthemercuryinsidethemcanbepoisonousifthebulbsbreak．In1962，NickHolonyakcameupwiththeideaoftheLED．__4__Somespecialmaterials(calledsemiconductors)canbemadetoemitlightwhenelectricityissentthroughthem．Youmayknowthatatomsconsistofelectronsmovingaroundanucleus(原子核)—justastheplanetsorbitaroundourSun．__5__Electronscanalsojumpbetweenorbits！A．Thescienceissimple．B．Butthereisadifference．C．HowefficientareLEDlights？D．However，theydidnotbecomeverypopular．E．Theyareefficientenoughtorunonsolarpower．F．Theyarelightingupourhomesandofficesaswell．G．Butallthiswouldnothavebeenpossiblewithouttheinventionoftheblue-coloredLED．1．____________2．____________3．____________4．____________5．____________文章大意：發(fā)光二極管的使用在我們的日常生活中極為普遍，難怪2014年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)被授予三位發(fā)展了藍(lán)光LED的科學(xué)家。答案：1．F發(fā)光二極管照亮我們的電視屏、電腦屏、手機(jī)屏等幾乎每一件電子產(chǎn)品，故F項(xiàng)(它們也照亮我們的家和辦公室)符合上下文語境。2．G上文提到LED燈的性能以及優(yōu)點(diǎn)，下文提到幾個(gè)科學(xué)家因藍(lán)光LED的研究而獲獎(jiǎng)，故此處選擇G項(xiàng)(然而如果沒有藍(lán)光LED的發(fā)明，所有這些也將不會(huì)成為可能)，說明藍(lán)光LED的重要性。3．D上文提到緊湊型熒光燈比白熾燈更高效，下文提到緊湊型熒光燈不受歡迎的原因，故選D項(xiàng)(然而它們不是很受人歡迎)承上啟下。4．A此處與上文中的cameupwiththeidea相呼應(yīng)。A項(xiàng)緊承上文，提示下文要介紹上文所提出的該想法的原理。5．B上文提到電子軌道和行星軌道有相似之處，下文提到了不同點(diǎn)，故B項(xiàng)(然而二者有區(qū)別)承上啟下。Ⅵ．短文改錯(cuò)閱讀短文，文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1．每處錯(cuò)誤僅限1詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。BeforelunchAllenhappenedtoseeaman