新教材高中英語Unit1RelationshipsSectionⅣGrammar課件北師大版選擇性

Unit1

RelationshipsSectionⅣ

Grammar走近新課·一起感知語法探究·一起思考隨

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走近新課·一起感知語法感知畫出句子中的過去完成時1.IsupposeIwasabitlazyandnowIwishI’ddonemorework,especiallyinmaths.2.BeforeMrJenkins,sciencehadsimplybeenasubjectfullofstrangewordstome.3.Ihadheardstoriesabouthisbadbehaviour.4.Hewasverybrightandhehaddoneverywellinsciencesubjects.5.IknewIhadchosenajobwithalotofstressbutIlovewhatIdo.語法探究·一起思考知識脈絡(luò)語法精講知識脈絡(luò)語法精講過去完成時英語語法中,時態(tài)被切分成三大時間節(jié)點:過去時、現(xiàn)在時及將來時。過去完成時屬于過去時的一部分,表達的意義通常為以下三種:1.表達在一個事件發(fā)生前,已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情。通常放在復合句中,有一般過去時作為參照;2.表達到過去某個時間為止已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,通常與bytheendoflast+時間點連用;3.用在虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中,用于表達對已發(fā)生的事情的虛擬,常用于ifonly,wish,asif,wouldrather引導的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中及if引導的表達對過去事實的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中。一、結(jié)構(gòu)過去完成時的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為haddone過去完成時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)為hadbeendone過去完成時的否定結(jié)構(gòu)為hadn’t/hadnotbeendone過去完成時的疑問結(jié)構(gòu)為hadsb/sthdone二、用法1.表達“過去的過去”:在一個事件發(fā)生前,已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情。通常放在復合句中,有一般過去時作為參照。Hehadhadbreakfastbeforehecametoschool.上學之前他已經(jīng)吃了早飯了。Isuspectthatshehadalreadyknownwhathadhappenedbeforeyoutoldher.我懷疑在你告訴她之前,她已經(jīng)知道發(fā)生了什么事。對比:Manyyearsago,Janelivedintheflatwithhergrandmaforalongperiodoftime.(出現(xiàn)時間段+ago的形式時,我們采用一般過去時。)許多年前,簡和她奶奶在公寓里住了很長一段時間?！炯磳W即用】

單句語法填空①MrSmithdiedyesterday.He

(be)agoodfriendofmine.

②Hisparents

(go)tobedwhenhecamebackhome.

hadbeenhadgone2.表示從過去的某一時刻開始,一直延續(xù)到過去的另一個時間的動作或狀態(tài),常和for,since構(gòu)成的時間狀語,bytheendoflast/past+時間點等連用。Theyhadfinishedtwo-thirdsoftheprojectbytheendoflastmonth.到上個月底,他們已經(jīng)完成了項目的三分之二。BythetimeyouarrivedinLondon,wehadbeeninEuropefortwoweeks.到你到達倫敦的時候,我們已經(jīng)在歐洲兩個禮拜了。Hesaidhehadworkedinthatfactorysince2008.他說從2008年開始他就在那家工廠工作。對比Hehasworkedinthatfactorysince2008.(如果句子的上下文沒有過去時的時態(tài)背景,出現(xiàn)類似since+時間點的形式時,我們采用現(xiàn)在完成時)Itwassaidthathehadlivedintheapartmentforthelastfewdecades.據(jù)說過去幾十年他一直住在那個公寓里。對比:Hehaslivedintheapartmentforthelastfewdecades.(如果句子的上下文沒有過去時的時態(tài)背景,出現(xiàn)類似forthelastfewdecades的時間狀語時,我們采用現(xiàn)在完成時)【即學即用】

單句語法填空①Bynineo’clocklastnight,we

(get)200picturesfromthespaceship.

②I

(be)atthebusstopfor20minuteswhenabusfinallycame.

③We

(learn)overtwothousandEnglishwordsoverthelastfewmonths.

hadgothadbeenhadlearned3.用在hardly...when...,nosooner...than...,以及Itwasthefirst(second,etc)time(that)...等固定句型中。Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.他剛開始演講,聽眾就打斷了他。Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain.他剛到就又走了。Itwasthethirdtimethathehadbeenoutofworkthatyear.這是他那一年第三次失業(yè)了?！炯磳W即用】

單句語法填空①Itwasthefirsttimethathe

(be)lateforschool.

②Ihadhardlyopenedthedoorwhenacat

(rush)intomyhouse.hadbeenrushed4.虛擬語氣①ifonly,wish,asif,asthough及wouldrather引導的虛擬,表達與已發(fā)生過的事情相反的愿望Iwouldratheryouhadn’tbeenabroadatall.我寧愿你沒有出過國。Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishIhadn’tdoneso.我昨晚很早睡,但我真希望我沒有這么做。②if引導的表達對過去事實的虛擬Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshehadbeenthere,shewouldhavemetmybrother.我沒有在會議上見到你妹妹。如果她去了那里,她一定能見到我弟弟?！炯磳W即用】

單句語法填空①Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe

(drive)inturn,youwouldn’thavebeensotired.

②Thisdeviceoperatedwellasthoughit_________________(repair).

haddrivenhadbeenrepaired隨

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習一、用所給詞的適當形式填空1.Thepolice

(arrest)themanwho

(break)intoajewelleryshop.答案:arrested;hadbroken2.Thewholeclass

(cheer)forJohnbecausehe

(win)anaward.

答案:cheered;hadwon3.Mycar

(break)downonthewaytothebeachbecauseit

(run)outofpetrol.

答案:broke;hadrun4.Thedog

(hide)underthesofabecauseit

(eat)thefamilydinner.答案:hid;hadeaten5.Hardly

he

(start)thecarwhenit

(break)down.

答案:had;started;broke6.Ilostallmymoney.IfonlyI

(notbe)thatsimple-minded.

答案:hadnot/hadn’tbeen7.Ifyou

(go)overallyournotes,