第07講現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（原卷版）

第07講現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1．了解現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的解題方法與技巧。2．進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)真題訓(xùn)練。一、構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+have/hasbeendoingsth.二、意義分析1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)經(jīng)常用來(lái)表示一個(gè)開(kāi)始于過(guò)去,現(xiàn)在剛剛完成或還要繼續(xù)下去的行為。Ithasbeenrainingfortwohours.雨已經(jīng)下了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。(現(xiàn)在還在下)Jackhasbeenfeelingverywellrecently.杰克最近身體一直很好。(這個(gè)狀態(tài)還要延續(xù))2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)還可以用來(lái)表示一個(gè)開(kāi)始于過(guò)去,延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并在一個(gè)階段內(nèi)重復(fù)發(fā)生的行動(dòng)。Shehasbeenplayingtennissinceshewaseight.她從八歲起就打網(wǎng)球了。(經(jīng)常發(fā)生,并且還要持續(xù))We’vebeenseeingquitealotofeachotherrecently.最近我們常常見(jiàn)面。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有哪些主要考法1.

表示“持續(xù)”：即表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這動(dòng)作可能剛剛停止，也可能還在進(jìn)行。如：Shehasbeenpruningtheroses.

她一直在修剪玫瑰。He’sbeenhelpinghimselftomystationery.

他未經(jīng)許可一直用我的文具。Thechildrenhavebeenhavingalotoffun.

孩子們一直玩得很開(kāi)心。Sheisverytired.She’sbeenworkingallmorning.

她很累。她干了一早晨了。Tomhasbeenseeingaboutaworkpermitforyou.

湯姆一直在想辦法給你弄一個(gè)工作許可證。Thetobaccoindustryhasbeentryingtoimproveitsimage.

煙草行業(yè)一直在試圖改善其形象。Ithascometoourknowledgethatyouhavebeencheatingthecompany.

據(jù)我們了解你一直欺騙公司。ThegrouphasbeenlivinginaremotecorneroftheCambodianjungle.

該部落一直居住在柬埔寨的叢林深處。2.

表示“重復(fù)”即表示在一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間內(nèi)動(dòng)作的多次重復(fù)，而這個(gè)重復(fù)的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話時(shí)并不一定在進(jìn)行。如：We’veallalongbeenmakingmistakeslikethis.

我們一直犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤。JimhasbeenphoningJennyeverynightforthepastweek.

一星期以來(lái)吉姆每天晚上給詹妮打電話。與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行連用的主要時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)所用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：allday/month;

thismonth/week/year;thesedays;recently/lately;inthepastfew+

時(shí)間段;since+時(shí)間點(diǎn);for+

時(shí)間段，等等。如：Hehasbeenworkingallday.

他整天都在工作。Theyhavebeenbuildingthebridgefortwomonth.

兩個(gè)月來(lái)他們一直在修橋。Theyhavebeenplantingtreesthismonth.

這個(gè)月來(lái)他們一直在植樹(shù)。

Carsaleshavebeenshrinkingrecently.

汽車(chē)銷量近來(lái)一直在下降。VerahasbeentryingtolearnChineseforyears.

維拉努力學(xué)漢語(yǔ)已有好幾年了。Hehasbeensleepingfortenhours.

他已經(jīng)睡了十個(gè)小時(shí)了。JimhasbeenphoningJennyeverynightforthelastweek.

上星期，吉姆天天晚上都給詹妮打電話。ThetwopartieshavebeentryingtounitesincetheNewYear.

自從新年以來(lái)，雙方就一直在試圖聯(lián)手?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別兩者都表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)著重表示動(dòng)作的完成；而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)著重表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性。因此表示動(dòng)作的完成，只能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Eg:Ihavereadthebook.我讀過(guò)了這本書(shū)。（動(dòng)作完成了）Eg:Ihavebeenreadingthebook.我一直在讀這本書(shū)。（動(dòng)作不一定完成）有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞（如work,study,live,teach,stay等）在表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間時(shí)，用這兩種時(shí)態(tài)含義差不多（只是用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性）。Eg:Howlonghaveyouworked[beenworking]here?你在這兒工作多久了？Eg:I'velived[beenliving]heresince1988.自1988年以來(lái)我就一直住在這兒。3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常只陳述事實(shí)，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)還可表示一種感情色彩。Eg:Ihavewaitedfortwohours.我等了兩小時(shí)。（陳述事實(shí)）Eg:Ihavebeenwaitingfortwohours.我等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。（等得好辛苦）不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞通常也不用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但它們可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如某些靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞know,marry,lastEg:I'veknownherfortwoyears.我認(rèn)識(shí)她兩年了。Eg:They'vebeenmarriedfortwentyyears.他們結(jié)婚已二十年了。Eg:Thewarhaslastedforalongtime.這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)持續(xù)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。不能說(shuō)：Ihavebeenknowinghimfortwoyears.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，若要用可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)代替。Eg:Thehousehasbeenpaintedforamonth.這房子已漆了一個(gè)月。Eg:Theproblemhasbeenstudiedforfivedays.這個(gè)問(wèn)題已研究了五天。表示“重復(fù)”。既表示在一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間內(nèi)動(dòng)作多次的重復(fù)，而這個(gè)重復(fù)的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話時(shí)并不一定正在進(jìn)行。Eg:Ihavebeenmeetinghimthesedays.這些天我總是遇見(jiàn)他。Eg:Wehavebeenmakingsuchmistakes.我么一直犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤。區(qū)別：eg:Hehasgonetothelibrary.他去圖書(shū)館了。Eg:hehasbeengoingtothelibraryrecently.最近他總?cè)D書(shū)館。1．Asisknowntousall,Thegovernment______(dispose)oftheairpollutiontheseyears.2．TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichMichaelJordanstartedinChicago______(help)youngpeoplesince1996.3．Hehasn’tgotmuchhair.He________(lose)itsincehewasonlythirty.4．He________(play)rugbysincehewaseightandhaswonmanymedals.5．IgraduatedfromBeijingForeignStudiesUniversityin1998,andI________(teach)Englishlecturesince.6．Businesshasbeen_____________(thrive)inthepastyear.7．Mary____(consider)goingbacktoschoolforfurtherstudy,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.8．Itseemsthatwaterfromthistap__________(leak)forsometime.We’llhavetotakeitaparttoputitright.9．YuanLongpinghasbeen________(struggle)forChinesefarmersoverthepastdecades.10．TheCCTV________(broadcast)newseversince1978.11．Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy________(consider)goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.12．Tom,I________(look)foryouallmorning.Wherehaveyoubeen?13．Mysister________(learn)Englishsinceshewasachild.14．Jim________(phone)Jennyeverynightforseveralmonths.15．—Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.—I________(paint)inthelivingroomallday.16．Thesescientists________(work)attheprojectfornearlyfouryears,andIdon’tknowhowlongitwilllast.17．—Thereissomuchsnowthesedays,isn’tthere?—Yes,it________(snow)forafewdays.18．You________(read)thenovelthewholeday.Whynotjoinusandhaveacupoftea?19．Askhimtohavearestplease.He________(sharpen)knivesallthemorning.20．Sincelastmonth,George,alongwithsomeofhisformerclassmates,________(desire)tohavea20-yeargatheringduringthissummerholiday.21．Thelittlegirl’shandsareverydirty.She________(play)withthemudallmorning.22．TheChinese________(make)paperfortwothousandyears.23．Astronomerssaythisisanaturalphenomenonthat________(happen)foracentury.24．Theviruscan’tbeburied;it________(spread)sincelastyear.25．Recently,I________(eat)healthyfoodasopposedtojunkfood.26．Thecompany________(increase)itscapacitytoinnovateinthelasttenyears.27．Thephysicist________(phone)hisassistanteverynightoverthepasttwoweeks.28．Don’tyouknowhe________(carve)someanimalsintheparksincelastyear?29．He________(run)since6thismorningbutdoesn’twanttostopatall.30．We_____(work)onitforseveralhoursbuthavenotyetreachedanyconclusion.31．You________(write)thewholemorning.Youshouldstopandhaveabreak.32．“People________(sit)thereandstandingthereandtakingpicturesofeachother,”Rosays.33．Iamsorryyou_________(wait)forsolong,butitwillstillbesometimebeforeJimgetsback.34．I________(wait)foranhourbuthestillhasn’tturnedup.35．（2020北京卷）TheNeanderthals________(live)alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.36．（2020北京卷）OliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood________(play)abigroleinhislife.37．I___________(wait)forhimformorethanonehourandhehasn’tcomeyet.38．Tina________(think)aboutfindinganewjobforawholeyear,butshehasn’tmadeherfinaldecisionyet.39．I_________(work)inthiscompanysinceIgraduatedfromuniversity.40．ThestudentswhoarepreparingfortheNationalEntranceExaminationforPostgraduate________(wait)outsidethelibraryfortwohours.41．They__________(fight)forindependencesince1960s.42．Overthelasttwomonths,we___